Unit 4 History and traditions 单元复习练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

必修二 Unit 4 History and traditions 单元复习巩固练习 （教师版) [语基训练] Ⅰ.单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1.Ensuring (确保) their safety, I felt a surge of triumph. 2.The gathering clouds announced (宣告) an approaching storm. 3.I’m qualified for the position (职位) for the following reasons. ． 4.I think these interesting old customs (习俗) should be well-preserved． 5.Each individual(一个人) has the right to accept more challenges and make more attempts. 6.A tornado hit a nearby (附近的) town, leaving many families completely destroyed． 7.Large amounts (量) of donations have been flooding into the affected areas. 8.If only he had charged (充电)his phone before leaving the office, but it was too late. 9.For l,000 kilometers, he battled (搏斗) against the wind that was constantly pushing him. 10.The magnificent landscape (风景) unfolding in front of me, a sense of refreshment spread through me. Ⅱ．单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1.Ireland is home to ancient kings and chiefs (chief), giants and fairies. 2.They made a striking (strike) commercial success within 5 years.． 3.The surrounding (surround) villages have been absorbed into the growing city． 4.Arriving at Scout's home, the old woman eagerly (eager) rang the doorbell． 5.It was extremely evident (evidence) that Henry didn’t realize how serious the situation was. 6.At the meeting they discussed three different approaches (approach) to the study of mathematics． 7.It occurred to me that I should thank my social studies teacher, without whose help I could not have achieved (achieve) such a success. 8.What surprised us was that along the way, a nice camping site, located (locate) by a lake, came to our eyes. 9.The determination and generosity(generous) twinkling in her innocent eyes touched the string of my heart. 10.As soon as I enter the dining hall, the fascinating (fascinate) scent of the breakfast grabs my attention. Ⅲ.选短语填空（8个）（共8小题，每小题1分，满分8分） belong to; as well as; more than; dotted with; break away from; have a...influence on; ; result in; make up 1.My mother was more than delighted to see my change. 2.The roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 3.They were able to learn new words and phrases, as well as practice their listening and speaking skills. 4.It was at that moment that he realized that the forest really belonged to the animals and they were just guests. 5.Then he emphasized that my patience, diligence and resilience resulted in my advancement in the company. 6.This kind act has a lasting influence on me.I always give others a helping hand if possible even so many years later. 7.Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. 8.The surrounding fascinating landscape was a true feast for our eyes,with its rolling green trees dotted with various wild flowers. Ⅳ.多维训练（共6小题，第1-5小题每小题2分，第6小题6分满分16分） 1．(续写之动作、心理描写) 我点点头，脸上露出灿烂的笑容。(with复合结构) I nodded, with a big smile spreading across my face． 2.He put his hands into his pockets and took out all things. All the things belonged to him.(用定语从句合并句子) →He put his hands into his pockets and took out all that belonged to him. 3.When the museum is completed , it will be open to the public next year. →When completed , the museum will be open to the public next year.(用状语从句的省略结构） 4．最使我烦恼的是有时我缺乏信心，这导致失败。(主语从句，定语从句） What upsets me most is that sometimes I lack confidence，which results in failure 5．我让他懂得，仅仅害怕被嘲笑并不是放弃的理由。(动名词短语作主语) I let him know that just being afraid of being laughed at was no reason to give up. 6．For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China. For another, China enjoys a long history and rich culture. It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. 一方面，过去几十年的整体发展是如此引人注目，以至于他们渴望熟悉中国正在发生的事情。另一方面，中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化。对于那些热衷于任何中国产品的人来说，它一直是一个吸引人的地方。 [语篇训练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具) could show much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything. Before the 18th century, people of all classes usually ate with a knife and a spoon. The fork’s journey to the dinner table was a long struggle. In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire. Following a reduction in size, the fork appeared to have entered dining areas in the courts of the Middle East and Byzantine Empire by the eighth and ninth centuries, and became common among wealthy families there by the tenth century. Early in the 11th century, it appeared in various pieces of European art. In the late 11th century, St. Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a disease as punishment for such “show-off behavior”. The fork slowly spread from Italy to the rest of Europe. Having the same worry about hygiene (卫生), wealthy Britons also started to buy forks, inspired by Queen Victoria, who regarded fork use as a sign of good manners. The fork’s introduction to North America dates back to 1633, when John Winthrop, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was gifted a set of forks. The Industrial Revolution strengthened the fork’s presence on dining room tables as production of flatware became less expensive. Writing in 1896 in Social Etiquette, Maud C． Cooke declared the fork had finally won the battle against the knife in America and “any attempt to give the knife importance on table is looked upon as an offense against good taste.” 1．What can we learn about forks from the first paragraph? A．They were used improperly in the 18th century. B．They had many different types in the 19th century. C．They led to North Americans’ rise in social position. D．They were popular in Europe before the 18th century. 2．What was a function of forks in ancient Egypt? A．To eat food. B．To decorate tables. C．To cut food. D．To create works of art. 3．Who was against the use of forks? A．St. Peter Damian B．A Byzantine princess C．Queen Victoria D．Maud C． Cooke 4．What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To show why forks are so popular. B．To explain the development of tableware. C．To describe the development of forks over time D．To explore the history behind using knives and forks. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍叉子从古代到近代在不同地区的发展历程及使用情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具) could show much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything.(对于19世纪末的北美人和欧洲人来说，餐具的陈列能很大程度上反映一个人的社会地位，因为富人会特意为各种用途准备不同种类的叉子。)”可知，19世纪时叉子有许多不同的类型。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire. (在古埃及、希腊和罗马，叉子被用来将食物切成小块，或从锅或火上夹起肉。)”可知，古埃及时期叉子的功能是切食物。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“In the late 11th century, St. Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a disease as punishment for such “show-off behavior”. (11世纪末，来自奥斯蒂亚的圣彼得・达米安写道，一位拜占庭公主使用叉子，他将她死于疾病视为这种“炫耀行为”的惩罚。)”可知，圣彼得・达米安反对使用叉子。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具) could show much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything.(对于19世纪末的北美人和欧洲人来说，餐具的陈列能很大程度上反映一个人的社会地位，因为富人会特意为各种用途准备不同种类的叉子。)”以及后文可知，文章按时间顺序，从古代埃及、希腊、罗马时期叉子的用途，到中世纪中东和拜占庭帝国的使用情况，再到欧洲、北美的传播与普及，详细讲述了叉子的发展历程。故选C项。 B The Inca Empire in South America, one of the most powerful pre-Columbian societies, was known for many innovations. One of them was the society’s method of keeping records known as khipu, which involves knotted cords (结绳) . The Inca Empire was defeated by the Spanish in 1532, and only a tiny percentage of ancient Incan khipus have survived. It has long been assumed that khipu production was the domain of this civilization’s ruling class, but a new analysis of a cord finds that even low-class commoners may have engaged in this tradition. Recently, the University of St. Andrews in Scotland acquired a khipu and radiocarbon dating indicated that it was from around the year 1498. Its main cord was made of human hair — an unusual feature for Inca-era khipus. Scientists studied elements in the hair to learn about the diet of the person who made it. The results indicated a diet rich in legumes, grains, and tubers. However, there was little evidence of meat or maize beer, which were commonly consumed by Inca’s ruling class. The researchers knew that historically, including hair could serve as a kind of signature that indicated who had made the khipu. And this meant they had an unusual opportunity to find out more about a historic khipu’s creator. This hair analysis adds another piece of evidence to the growing belief that khipu production might have been more widespread in the Inca Empire than the Spanish assumed and recorded in their accounts. Manny Medrano, a khipu researcher who was not part of this study, says this study is innovative in the way it analyzed the hair. “While specialists have long noticed human hair in khipus,” he says, “this is the only Inca-era one he knows of that has the primary cord entirely made of human hair.” “Museums hold hundreds of khipus that have never been studied by specialists. This study is likely to inspire a re-look at them,” Medrano says. “I won’t be surprised if we find other khipus with substantial amounts of human hair in them in the future.” 5．What was the previous assumption on khipu production in the Inca Empire? A．It primarily involved the ruling class. B．It completely relied on human hair. C．It became more popular after 1532. D．It was mastered by its commoners. 6．What is key to identifying the maker of the recently studied khipu? A．Scientists’ unusual eating habits. B．The unique technique of the khipu. C．The special way to study the main cord. D．Inca’s commoners’ preference for meat. 7．What does Manny Medrano think of the new study of a khipu? A．Its researchers should improve their methods. B．Its great success is credited to local museums. C．The way it analyzed the hair is far from creative. D．It may encourage further exploration into khipus. 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Recording Methods in Ancient Societies Vary B．The Process of Making Khipus Is More Complex C．A Cord of Hair Reveals Something New About Khipus D．Khipus During the Inca Empire Publicize Knotted Cords 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．D 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，印加帝国一种以人发为主绳的结绳记事工具——奇普——制作者可能是普通民众。这挑战了奇普仅为统治阶级专属的传统观点，并可能推动对现存奇普的重新研究。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“It has long been ...in this tradition.(长期以来，人们一直认为奇普的制作是该文明统治阶层的专属活动，但对一根绳索的新分析表明，即便是社会底层的普通民众也可能参与过这一传统制作活动)”可知，之前的观点认为奇普的制作主要是统治阶级的领域。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“It has long been...this tradition.”及第三段“Its main cord was made of human hair...the person who made it.(其主绳是用人的头发制成的——这在印加时代的绳索中是罕见的特征。科学家们对头发中的元素进行了分析，以了解制作者的生活饮食习惯)”可知，识别近期研究的奇普制造者的关键是研究主绳的特别方法。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This study is likely to inspire a re-look at them(这项研究很可能会促使人们重新审视它们)”可知，Manny Medrano认为关于奇普的新研究可能会推动关于它的进一步研究。故选D。 8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“It has long been ... this tradition.”以及文章主要说明了一项新研究发现，印加帝国一种以人发为主绳的结绳记事工具——奇普——制作者可能是普通民众。这挑战了奇普仅为统治阶级专属的传统观点，并可能推动对现存奇普的重新研究。可知，本文主要介绍了关于奇普的新研究发现。C选项“一段头发揭示了关于奇普绳结的全新秘密”最符合文章标题。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 The Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes across Asia to the Mediterranean Sea, a key bridge for East-West cultural and commercial exchanges. It let China trade with the Middle East and Mediterranean regions, fostering the flow of goods and ideas for centuries. 1 Before this name, the routes facilitated trade quietly, but the term stuck as silk — then a rare, China-exclusive fabric — was a main commodity. Officially formed in the Western Han Dynasty, the Silk Road relied heavily on Zhang Qian, an imperial envoy (钦差大臣). Emperor Wu of Han sent him to make contact with countries in Central Asia. 2 His reports gave China precious insights into Western peoples, lands and customs, laying a foundation for the route’s long prosperity. The Silk Road was more than a goods corridor. Besides silk, it carried fruits, livestock, grain, leather, tools and precious metals. 3 Paper was invented in China during the 3rd century BC, and its use spread via the Silk Road, arriving first in Samarkand in around AD 700, and then to Europe. Moreover, gunpowder also went west through this route. Venetian explorer Marco Polo took the Silk Road to China, arriving in 1275 after a dangerous journey. He lived in China for years, witnessing China’s advanced civilization, and his journeys became the inspiration for The Travels of Marco Polo. 4 Today, the Silk Road is brought to life again. 5 This initiative, rooted in the ancient route’s spirit of cooperation, has reconnected Asian, European and African nations, continuing its cross-continental legacy. A．It also served as a channel for Chinese inventions to reach the West. B．He thus braved countless trials and hardships to reach the region. C．China proposed the concept of the Silk Road Economic Belt in 2013. D．The term “Silk Road” was first coined by a German geographer in 1877. E．Some European kingdoms once tried to copy China’s silk-making techniques but failed. F．Through this book, Europeans gained an understanding of Asian commerce and culture. G．Eastern spices, for example, grew popular in Europe and changed its culinary traditions. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍丝绸之路的命名由来、开辟者张骞的贡献，强调其兼具商品贸易与发明传播功能，提及马可・波罗游记影响，及当代丝路倡议的传承意义。 1．根据后文“Before this name, the routes facilitated trade quietly, but the term stuck as silk — then a rare, China-exclusive fabric — was a main commodity.(在这名称出现之前，这些路线默默地促进了贸易往来，但“丝绸之路”这一说法却流传开来，因为当时丝绸——一种稀有的中国特产——是主要的贸易商品)”可知，空后句子提到“Before this name, the routes facilitated trade quietly（在这个名字出现之前，这些路线就默默推动着贸易发展）”，这里的 this name 是关键的指代线索。选项D “The term “Silk Road” was first coined by a German geographer in 1877.(“丝绸之路” 这一术语于 1877 年由一位德国地理学家首次提出)”正好解释了“这个名字”的由来，与后文形成时间上的先后逻辑。故选D。 2．根据上文“Officially formed in the Western Han Dynasty, the Silk Road relied heavily on Zhang Qian, an imperial envoy. Emperor Wu of Han sent him to make contact with countries in Central Asia.(丝绸之路于西汉时期正式形成，其发展主要得益于张骞这位朝廷使节。汉武帝派遣他前往中亚地区与各国建立联系)”可知，前文提到汉武帝派张骞出使中亚，选项B “He thus braved countless trails and hardships to reach the region.(于是他冒着无数艰难险阻抵达了该地区)”中的 He 指代张骞，thus 承接前文的“出使任务”，说明张骞的行动过程，后文又接着讲他的报告带来的影响，逻辑连贯。故选B。 3．根据上文“The Silk Road was more than a goods corridor. Besides silk, it carried fruits, livestock, grain, leather, tools and precious metals.(丝绸之路不仅仅是一条货物运输通道。除了丝绸之外，它还运输水果、牲畜、谷物、皮革、工具以及贵重金属)”可知，前文总述丝绸之路“不只是商品走廊”，并列举了丝绸、水果等商品；后文则具体提到了造纸术和火药这两项中国发明通过丝绸之路传播到西方。选项A“It also served as a channel for Chinese inventions to reach the West.(它也成为中国发明传向西方的渠道)”起到了承上启下的作用，既呼应前文的“不止是商品”，又引出后文的“发明传播”。故选A。 4．根据上文“Venetian explorer Marco Polo took the Silk Road to China, arriving in 1275 after a dangerous journey. He lived in China for years, witnessing China’s advanced civilization, and his journeys became the inspiration for The Travels of Marco Polo.(威尼斯探险家马可·波罗沿着丝绸之路抵达中国，历经艰险于1275年抵达。他在中国生活了多年，目睹了中国先进的文明，而他的这段旅程成为了《马可·波罗游记》的创作灵感来源)”可知，前文提到马可・波罗的游记《马可・波罗行纪》，选项 F“Through this book, Europeans gained an understanding of Asian commerce and culture.(通过这本书，欧洲人得以了解亚洲的商业和文化)”中的this book直接指代这部游记，承接前文说明这本书的影响，逻辑通顺。故选F。 5．根据上文“Today, the Silk Road is brought to life again.(如今，丝绸之路再度焕发出勃勃生机)”以及后文“This initiative, rooted in the ancient route’s spirit of cooperation, has reconnected Asian, European and African nations, continuing its cross-continental legacy.(这一举措秉承了这条古老贸易路线所蕴含的合作精神，重新将亚洲、欧洲和非洲的国家连接了起来，延续了其跨越大陆的悠久传统)”可知，前文说“如今，丝绸之路再次焕发生机”，后文提到 This initiative（这一倡议）重塑了亚欧非国家的联系。选项C“China proposed the concept of the Silk Road Economic Belt in 2013.(中国于2013年提出了丝绸之路经济带的理念)”中的“丝绸之路经济带”正是后文 this initiative 指代的内容，解释了丝绸之路“重现生机”的具体体现。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 必修二 Unit 4 History and traditions 单元复习巩固练习 （学生版) [语基训练] Ⅰ.单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1.E___________ (确保) their safety, I felt a surge of triumph. 2.The gathering clouds a___________ (宣告) an approaching storm. 3.I’m qualified for the p___________ (职位) for the following reasons. ． 4.I think these interesting old ___________ (习俗) should be well-preserved． 5.Each i___________ (一个人) has the right to accept more challenges and make more attempts. 6.A tornado hit a n___________ (附近的) town, leaving many families completely destroyed． 7.Large a___________ (量) of donations have been flooding into the affected areas. 8.If only he had c___________ (充电)his phone before leaving the office, but it was too late. 9.For l,000 kilometers, he b___________ (搏斗) against the wind that was constantly pushing him. 10.The magnificent l___________ (风景) unfolding in front of me, a sense of refreshment spread through me. Ⅱ．单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1.Ireland is home to ancient kings and ___________ (chief), giants and fairies. 2.They made a ___________ (strike) commercial success within 5 years.． 3.The ___________ (surround) villages have been absorbed into the growing city． 4.Arriving at Scout's home, the old woman ___________ (eager) rang the doorbell． 5.It was extremely ___________ (evidence) that Henry didn’t realize how serious the situation was. 6.At the meeting they discussed three different ___________ (approach) to the study of mathematics． 7.It occurred to me that I should thank my social studies teacher, without whose help I could not ___________ (achieve) such a success. 8.What surprised us was that along the way, a nice camping site, ___________ (locate) by a lake, came to our eyes. 9.The determination and ___________ (generous) twinkling in her innocent eyes touched the string of my heart. 10.As soon as I enter the dining hall, the ___________ g (fascinate) scent of the breakfast grabs my attention. Ⅲ.选短语填空（8个）（共8小题，每小题1分，满分8分） belong to; as well as; more than; dotted with; break away from; have a...influence on; ; result in; make up 1.My mother was___________ delighted to see my change. 2.The roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds ___________ the music of the coast. 3.They were able to learn new words and phrases, ___________ practice their listening and speaking skills. 4.It was at that moment that he realized that the forest really___________ the animals and they were just guests. 5.Then he emphasized that my patience, diligence and resilience___________ my advancement in the company. 6.This kind act ___________ a lasting ___________ me.I always give others a helping hand if possible even so many years later. 7.Among the painters who ___________ the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. 8.The surrounding fascinating landscape was a true feast for our eyes,with its rolling green trees ___________ various wild flowers. Ⅳ.多维训练（共6小题，第1-5小题每小题2分，第6小题6分满分16分） 1．(续写之动作、心理描写) 我点点头，脸上露出灿烂的笑容。(with复合结构) _______________________________________________________ 2.He put his hands into his pockets and took out all things. All the things belonged to him.(用定语从句合并句子) →He put his hands into his pockets and took out ____________________ 3.When the museum is completed , it will be open to the public next year. →_______________ , the museum will be open to the public next year.(用状语从句的省略结构） 4．最使我烦恼的是有时我缺乏信心，这导致失败。(主语从句，定语从句） _______________is that sometimes I lack confidence，_______________ 5．我让他懂得，仅仅害怕被嘲笑并不是放弃的理由。(动名词短语作主语) I let him know that just ______________________________ no reason to give up. 6．For one thing, the overall development over the past decades _______________ _______________familiarize themselves with what is going on in China. For another, China ______________________________. It has always been an attraction for those ______________________________. 一方面，过去几十年的整体发展是如此引人注目，以至于他们渴望熟悉中国正在发生的事情。另一方面，中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化。对于那些热衷于任何中国产品的人来说，它一直是一个吸引人的地方。 [语篇训练] Ⅰ.Ⅰ.阅读理解 A For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具) could show much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything. Before the 18th century, people of all classes usually ate with a knife and a spoon. The fork’s journey to the dinner table was a long struggle. In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire. Following a reduction in size, the fork appeared to have entered dining areas in the courts of the Middle East and Byzantine Empire by the eighth and ninth centuries, and became common among wealthy families there by the tenth century. Early in the 11th century, it appeared in various pieces of European art. In the late 11th century, St. Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a disease as punishment for such “show-off behavior”. The fork slowly spread from Italy to the rest of Europe. Having the same worry about hygiene (卫生), wealthy Britons also started to buy forks, inspired by Queen Victoria, who regarded fork use as a sign of good manners. The fork’s introduction to North America dates back to 1633, when John Winthrop, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was gifted a set of forks. The Industrial Revolution strengthened the fork’s presence on dining room tables as production of flatware became less expensive. Writing in 1896 in Social Etiquette, Maud C． Cooke declared the fork had finally won the battle against the knife in America and “any attempt to give the knife importance on table is looked upon as an offense against good taste.” 1．What can we learn about forks from the first paragraph? A．They were used improperly in the 18th century. B．They had many different types in the 19th century. C．They led to North Americans’ rise in social position. D．They were popular in Europe before the 18th century. 2．What was a function of forks in ancient Egypt? A．To eat food. B．To decorate tables. C．To cut food. D．To create works of art. 3．Who was against the use of forks? A．St. Peter Damian B．A Byzantine princess C．Queen Victoria D．Maud C． Cooke 4．What is the writing purpose of the passage? A．To show why forks are so popular. B．To explain the development of tableware. C．To describe the development of forks over time D．To explore the history behind using knives and forks. B The Inca Empire in South America, one of the most powerful pre-Columbian societies, was known for many innovations. One of them was the society’s method of keeping records known as khipu, which involves knotted cords (结绳) . The Inca Empire was defeated by the Spanish in 1532, and only a tiny percentage of ancient Incan khipus have survived. It has long been assumed that khipu production was the domain of this civilization’s ruling class, but a new analysis of a cord finds that even low-class commoners may have engaged in this tradition. Recently, the University of St. Andrews in Scotland acquired a khipu and radiocarbon dating indicated that it was from around the year 1498. Its main cord was made of human hair — an unusual feature for Inca-era khipus. Scientists studied elements in the hair to learn about the diet of the person who made it. The results indicated a diet rich in legumes, grains, and tubers. However, there was little evidence of meat or maize beer, which were commonly consumed by Inca’s ruling class. The researchers knew that historically, including hair could serve as a kind of signature that indicated who had made the khipu. And this meant they had an unusual opportunity to find out more about a historic khipu’s creator. This hair analysis adds another piece of evidence to the growing belief that khipu production might have been more widespread in the Inca Empire than the Spanish assumed and recorded in their accounts. Manny Medrano, a khipu researcher who was not part of this study, says this study is innovative in the way it analyzed the hair. “While specialists have long noticed human hair in khipus,” he says, “this is the only Inca-era one he knows of that has the primary cord entirely made of human hair.” “Museums hold hundreds of khipus that have never been studied by specialists. This study is likely to inspire a re-look at them,” Medrano says. “I won’t be surprised if we find other khipus with substantial amounts of human hair in them in the future.” 5．What was the previous assumption on khipu production in the Inca Empire? A．It primarily involved the ruling class. B．It completely relied on human hair. C．It became more popular after 1532. D．It was mastered by its commoners. 6．What is key to identifying the maker of the recently studied khipu? A．Scientists’ unusual eating habits. B．The unique technique of the khipu. C．The special way to study the main cord. D．Inca’s commoners’ preference for meat. 7．What does Manny Medrano think of the new study of a khipu? A．Its researchers should improve their methods. B．Its great success is credited to local museums. C．The way it analyzed the hair is far from creative. D．It may encourage further exploration into khipus. 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Recording Methods in Ancient Societies Vary B．The Process of Making Khipus Is More Complex C．A Cord of Hair Reveals Something New About Khipus D．Khipus During the Inca Empire Publicize Knotted Cords Ⅱ.阅读七选五 The Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes across Asia to the Mediterranean Sea, a key bridge for East-West cultural and commercial exchanges. It let China trade with the Middle East and Mediterranean regions, fostering the flow of goods and ideas for centuries. 1 Before this name, the routes facilitated trade quietly, but the term stuck as silk — then a rare, China-exclusive fabric — was a main commodity. Officially formed in the Western Han Dynasty, the Silk Road relied heavily on Zhang Qian, an imperial envoy (钦差大臣). Emperor Wu of Han sent him to make contact with countries in Central Asia. 2 His reports gave China precious insights into Western peoples, lands and customs, laying a foundation for the route’s long prosperity. The Silk Road was more than a goods corridor. Besides silk, it carried fruits, livestock, grain, leather, tools and precious metals. 3 Paper was invented in China during the 3rd century BC, and its use spread via the Silk Road, arriving first in Samarkand in around AD 700, and then to Europe. Moreover, gunpowder also went west through this route. Venetian explorer Marco Polo took the Silk Road to China, arriving in 1275 after a dangerous journey. He lived in China for years, witnessing China’s advanced civilization, and his journeys became the inspiration for The Travels of Marco Polo. 4 Today, the Silk Road is brought to life again. 5 This initiative, rooted in the ancient route’s spirit of cooperation, has reconnected Asian, European and African nations, continuing its cross-continental legacy. A．It also served as a channel for Chinese inventions to reach the West. B．He thus braved countless trials and hardships to reach the region. C．China proposed the concept of the Silk Road Economic Belt in 2013. D．The term “Silk Road” was first coined by a German geographer in 1877. E．Some European kingdoms once tried to copy China’s silk-making techniques but failed. F．Through this book, Europeans gained an understanding of Asian commerce and culture. G．Eastern spices, for example, grew popular in Europe and changed its culinary traditions. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $