Unit 1 Science and Scientists 寒假练--2025-2026学年人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Science and Scientists寒假练--2025-2026学年人教版高中英语选择性必修二答案 一、单句语法填空：本大题共10小题，每题1分，满分10分。 1. transformation 2. severely 3. Infection 4. handled 5. purely 6. frustrated 7. proof 8. steadily 9. Initially 10. vividly 二、单词拼写-单句：本大题共10小题，每题1分，满分10分。 11. raw 12. infection 13. contradictory 14. frustrated 15. shift 16. blamed 17. link 18. severe 19. assistant 20. outstanding 三、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分。 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B 四、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分。 36. G 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A 五、完形填空：本大题共15小题，每题1分，满分15分。 41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. A 六、语法填空：本大题共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分。 56. an 57.to destroy 58.interested 59.that 60.proof 61.exactly 62.had lived 63.linked 64.Through 65.is considered 七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，每题15分，满分15分。 66. Contributions Wanted Aiming to carry forward the spirit of Chinese scientists and demonstrate the power of moral examples, the Student Union is collecting short videos on the theme of “The Spirit of Chinese Scientists”. The video is supposed to be original, positive and to the point, including scientistsˈ major experiences, achievements and the spirit they show on the road to success. As a consequence, if you admire a scientist for the above-mentioned aspects, feel free to submit your excellent videos to studentunion@163.com before May 20th. What deserves your special attention is that your videos should be limited to 3 minutes. Your active participation is highly anticipated! The Student Union 八、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，每题25分，满分25分。 67. Seeing this, Martin walked out of his food truck. With kindness in his heart, he asked patiently in a soft voice to get to know the intention of the little boy who only got $28. Immediately, Martin took him to go outside to purchase some fresh cooking materials for the big meal which was prepared for Dylanˈs mother. Dylan expressed his gratitude by giving all his money to the food truck owner. The next morning, Eve was woken up by a knock on the door. “Hello! Itˈs Martin.” Opening the door, confused with all the delicious food in the food truck, Eve couldnˈt believe her eyes and felt like a dream. “It was your son Dylan who prepared all the food for you. Enjoy it.” With a manˈs voice appearing, she knew it was real. They sat together and enjoyed the meal, surprised to discover a note with $28 under a plate reading “Love is priceless.” Touched by these words, Eve burst into tears. 【解析】 1. transformation 解析：冠词  the  后需要接名词， transform  的名词形式是  transformation ，表示“转变”。 句意为：他正努力从一个单身汉转变为一个负责任的丈夫。 2. severely 解析：修饰动词  criticize  需要用副词， severe  的副词形式是  severely ，表示“严厉地”。 句意为：如果他们再那样做，我们应该严厉批评他们。 3. infection 解析：冠词  the  后需要接名词， infect  的名词形式是  infection ，表示“感染”。 句意为：究竟是哪种细菌导致了这种感染目前还不清楚。 4. handled 解析：“get + 过去分词”构成被动结构， handle  的过去分词是  handled ，表示“被处理”。 句意为：此外，如果你设身处地为别人着想，你们的分歧也能得到解决。 5. purely 解析：修饰形容词  natural  需要用副词， pure  的副词形式是  purely ，表示“纯粹地”。 句意为：中草药来自纯天然的原料，副作用很小。 6. frustrated 解析：此处描述人的感受，需要用  -ed  形容词  frustrated ，表示“感到沮丧的”。 句意为：他们都把错误归咎于我，这让我非常沮丧和消沉。 7. proof 解析：“one + 名词”结构中， prove  的名词形式是  proof ，表示“证据”。 句意为：这是环境因素的影响比我们想象的要大得多的证据之一。 8. steadily 解析：修饰动词  develop  需要用副词， steady  的副词形式是  steadily ，表示“稳步地”。 句意为：这些年来，我们公司一直在稳步发展。 9. Initially 解析：修饰整个句子需要用副词， initial  的副词形式是  Initially ，表示“起初”。 句意为：起初，这会对我们的健康有害，并可能导致近视。 10. vividly 解析：修饰动词  transform  需要用副词， vivid  的副词形式是  vividly ，表示“生动地”。 句意为：诗歌传递着特定的情感，能将现实生动地转化为文学。 11. raw 解析：形容词  raw  表示“原始的”， raw data  是固定搭配，意为“原始数据”。 12. infection 解析：名词  infection  表示“感染”， the risk of infection  意为“感染的风险”。 13. contradictory 解析：形容词  contradictory  表示“相互矛盾的”，用来描述观点之间的关系。 14. frustrated 解析：形容词  frustrated  表示“懊恼的”，用来描述人的感受。 15. shift 解析：动词  shift  表示“转移”， shift your focus  意为“转移你的注意力”。 16. blamed 解析： be blamed for  是固定搭配，表示“因……被责怪”。 17. link 解析：名词  link  表示“联系”， a link between A and B  意为“A和B之间的联系”。 18. severe 解析：形容词  severe  表示“十分严重的”， a severe cold  意为“重感冒”。 19. assistant 解析：名词  assistant  表示“助手”， a helpful assistant  意为“一个有用的助手”。 20. outstanding 解析：形容词  outstanding  表示“杰出的”，用来修饰“performance”，意为“出色的表现”。 21~23. 【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位杰出的女性科学家及其贡献。 21. 细节理解题。根据第二段小标题“Ada Lovelace, Mathematician (Dec. 10, 1815-Nov. 27, 1852)”和“While she did not have a formal degree... before modern computers were invented.”可知，阿达•洛芙莱斯去世时年仅37岁，她为计算机编程领域做出了重要贡献。 22. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“she held notable positions including teaching at the Womenˈs Christian College”可知，贾纳基•安马尔曾在学院教学。 23. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This breakthrough led to... Wuˈs critical role in the work overlooked.”以及最后一段中的“She overcame racial and gender barriers”可推知，两位科学家都因性别问题而在工作中面临障碍。 24~27. 【解题导语】  本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学家屠呦呦发现青蒿素的过程，以及她的成就和贡献。 24. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，屠呦呦先获得拉斯克临床医学奖，后获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 25. 段落大意题。根据第二段中的“For her work... 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”以及“For Africa alone, this means that more than 100,000 lives are saved each year.”可推知，本段主要介绍了屠呦呦取得的成就。 26. 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，屠呦呦受到了一部中国古代文献的启发，该文献称青蒿在公元400年左右被用于治疗间歇热。由此可推知，屠呦呦的研究是为了寻找治疗疟疾的方法。因此，画线词“tackle”意为“处理、解决”。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，屠呦呦对中医充满了热情。 28~31. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以中国生物学家万蕊雪为代表，介绍了她是如何一步步取得如今在科学领域的成就，从而描绘出中国青年科学家的崛起风貌。 28. 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的内容可知，年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声。故可推知，画线词releasing their powers与making their voices heard为并列关系，意思相近，应是“释放他们的力量”的意思，与 A项意义一致。 29. 推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，关于中国前沿技术的研究，万蕊雪认为中国和其他国家站在同一起跑线上，在结构生物学研究领域，万蕊雪认为中国很可能成为领头羊。故推知，她对中国前沿技术的研究充满信心。 30. 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，2018年，28岁的万蕊雪获得2018年青年科学家科学奖。故推知，在万蕊雪成为生物学家的过程中，她的付出得到了认可。 31. 标题归纳题。通读全文内容及第二段第二句可知，文章主要介绍了中国年轻科学家的崛起。故B项最适合作文章标题。 32~35. 语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国两位传奇院士吴孟超、袁隆平的逝世。吴孟超被称为“全国肝胆外科的奠基人”，挽救了无数人的生命。袁隆平被称为“杂交水稻之父”，帮助国家解决了吃饭问题。两位院士为挽救生命、改善民生奉献了自己的一生，为国家、为人民做出了巨大贡献。文章作者呼吁科学家以及其他各行各业的人们向他们学习。 32. 细节理解题。由文章第二段的第一句可知，吴孟超是肝胆外科医生，由这一段倒数第二句的agricultural scientist Yuan Longping可知，袁隆平是农业科学家。故选D。 33. 词义猜测题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，画线处的词义应和表示并列的 and后面的commitment（奉献）为同义词或近义词，并且根据后面的devoted their lives（奉献了他们的一生）可推断，该词为“奉献、贡献”的意思。故选A。 34. 细节理解题。由文章第四段的“What makes Wu and Yuan great is not only their achievements, but also their shared attachment to the people.”可知，两位院士是心怀人民、爱人民的。由第四段的最后一句可知，举国悲痛的原因是因为他们无私地爱着人民，为改善人民的生活做出了巨大的贡献。故选D。 35. 标题归纳题。由文章最后一段可知，袁隆平和吴孟超只是众多为科研献身的科学工作者中的两个代表人物，国家还需要更多的科学家来继承和发扬他们的精神。即使是其他各行各业的人，也可以从两位院士对梦想的执着、对人民的关怀、对进步的追求中得到启发。这段是文章的主旨段，最后两句表明了文章主旨，科学家乃至各行各业的人们都应学习、继承和弘扬他们的精神。B项符合文章主旨，故选B。 36~40. 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了优秀的科学家应该具有的性格特征与优秀品质。 36. 空前介绍了科学家的定义，结合下文具体介绍的科学家的特征可知，空处句子应起到承上启下的作用，因此G项“Letˈs look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist（让我们来看看优秀科学家的一些特征）”符合语境。故选G。 37. 根据本段小标题“Curiosity”可知，本段主要讲述科学家应该具有好奇心，综合所给选项可知，C项“An excellent scientist must be very curious about things（一位优秀的科学家一定会对事物感兴趣）”符合语境，该选项中的关键词“curious”与小标题中的Curiosity相对应。故选C。 38. 根据本段小标题“Patience”和空前的“Becoming a scientist takes a long time. There are very few jobs that take longer than this one.”可知，成为一名科学家需要很长的时间，因此需要有耐心。综合所给选项可知，D项“You still have much scientific research to do even if you have received education on science（你仍然还有很多科学研究要做，即使你已经接受过科学方面的教育了）”与本段内容相关，符合语境。故选D。 39. 根据本段小标题“Ethical（道德的）qualities”和空前内容可知，一位科学家应该具有良好的道德品质，B项“A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion（无论个人利益或公众舆论如何，科学家都必须诚实地报告研究结果）”符合语境，其中honestly和regardless of personal interests or public opinion为关键信息，与道德有关。故选B。 40. 空处为本段的小标题。本段中的关键信息“takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind”“He/She can work well alone or in groups”等都是关于工作习惯的，因此A项“Working habits（工作习惯）”符合语境，能概括本段的主要内容。故选A。 41~55. 41. prediction预测；discovery发现；method方法；performance表演。下文的“the principles of vaccination（疫苗接种），microbial fermentation, and pasteurization（巴氏灭菌法）”指的是科学发现。故选B。 42. turn转变；schedule时间表；relationship关系；budget预算。根据空后的“However, his parents __________ education and found support to send him to the best schools they could afford.”可推断，巴斯德家的经济条件并不好，即这个家庭的预算很紧张。故选D。 43. value重视，珍视；overestimate高估；sharpen使尖锐；assign分配。根据空后的“found support to send him to the best schools they could afford”可推断，他的父母很重视教育，所以送他去他们能供得起的最好的学校。故选A。 44. demand要求；temptation诱惑；passion热情；inspiration灵感。根据下文“When he realized that art was __________ to earn a living, he changed to __________.”可知，巴斯德对艺术充满热情。故选C。 45. unavoidable无法避免的；unlikely不大可能发生的；unexpected意外的；uneventful平凡的。根据上文可知，他家经济条件并不好，所以此处指他意识到靠艺术谋生是不太可能的。故选B。 46. geography地理；arithmetic算术；politics政治；chemistry化学。根据上文“The French chemist and microbiologist made remarkable scientific __________ regarding the principles of vaccination（疫苗接种）, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization（巴氏灭菌法）.”可知，他后来成了一名化学家和微生物学家，所以此处指他从艺术转向化学。故选D。 47. considerate体贴的；intelligent聪明的；lifelong终身的；intimate亲密的。根据下文“but he worked very hard once he put his mind to it”以及“It took him three tries to pass the exam to get into his __________ school.”可知，他并不是一个很聪明的学生。故选B。 48. desired渴望的；approved得到正式认可的；engaged使用中的；varied各种各样的。根据上文“It took him three tries to pass the exam”以及常理可知，此处指他通过考试进入了自己心仪的学校。故选A。 49. fame名声，名望；routine例行公事；perseverance毅力；blessing祝福。根据下文“He impressed senior scientists with his hard work and willpower”可推测，他认为自己的成功源自自己的毅力。故选C。 50. fundraise筹款；tackle处理；motivate激励；occupy占据。根据空后的“some of the most difficult scientific problems”可知，他在解决一些最困难的科学问题上的努力和毅力给资深科学家留下了深刻的印象。故选B。 51. overnight一夜之间的；joint联合的；monthly每月的；early早期的。根据下文的“Eventually, he was able to establish the Pasteur Institute to __________ and prevent the causes of disease, particularly rabies.”可知，空处指的是巴斯德早期的研究情况。故选D。 52. actively积极地；objectively客观地；humbly谦卑地；nobly崇高地。根据下文“acted as his assistant in the lab”可推测，他的妻子积极支持其工作。故选A。 53. turn down拒绝；cope with处理；work out解决；take up从事。根据空前的“As he became famous gradually”以及空后的“research positions at more great institutions”可推测，随着他越来越出名，他能够在更大的机构担任研究职位。故选D。 54. dedicate致力于；treat对待；find找到；commit犯（罪或错），承诺。根据空前的“he was able to establish the Pasteur Institute to”和空后的“prevent the causes of disease, particularly rabies”可推测，他建立了巴斯德研究所以发现和预防疾病的起因。故选C。 55. available可得到的，可使用的；memorable难忘的；favorable有利的；knowledgeable博学的。根据空前的“He was highly respected and won just about every award”和空后的“in his field”可推测，他赢得了他所在领域能有的所有奖项。故选A。 56.-65 56.outbreak为可数名词，此处泛指一次霍乱爆发，所以应用不定冠词。outbreak的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 57. be determined to do sth.意为“下定决心做某事”。 58. be interested in ...意为“对……感兴趣”。 59. ________ cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water是表语从句，从句不缺成分且意义完整，所以应用连接词that。 60. 设空处作动词needed的宾语，应用名词，意为“证据”，此处表示抽象概念，故填proof。 61. 修饰动词mapping应用副词。 62. 设空处作where引导的宾语从句的谓语，此处表示“通过准确绘制所有死者生前的居住地地图”，live的动作发生在died之前，所以此处应用过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去。故填had lived。 63. found后的宾语从句中有谓语were caused，故设空处应用非谓语动词，link与deaths之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。 64. through one's efforts为固定表达，意为“通过某人的努力”。故填Through. 65. he与consider之间为被动关系，此处指“被认为”，应用被动语态。从句陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。从句主语为he，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Science and Scientists寒假练--2025-2026学年人教版高中英语选择性必修二 一、单句语法填空：本大题共10小题，每题1分，满分10分。 1.He was struggling to make the             (transform) from a single man to a responsible husband. 2.If they were to act like that again, we should criticize them            (severe). 3.Exactly which bacteria cause the             (infect) is still unknown. 4.Besides, your disagreements can also get            (handle) if you put yourselves in othersˈ shoes. 5.Chinese herbs come from materials that are            (pure) natural, which have small side effects. 6.All of them blamed the mistake on me, making me quite            (frustrate) and depressed. 7.This is one             (prove) that environmental factors have a much higher effect than we thought. 8.These years, our company has been developing            ​ (steady). 9.           (initial), it will do harm to our health and may cause short-sightedness. 10.Poems, conveying certain emotions, can            (vivid) transform reality into literature. 二、单词拼写-单句：本大题共10小题，每题1分，满分10分。 11.Analyses were conducted on the            (原始的) data. 12.Being exposed to these surroundings will increase the risk of            (感染). 13.After a long research, the scientists found that some ideas were slightly            (相互矛盾的). 14.Do you get very            (懊恼的) by slow-moving traffic? 15.You should            （转移） your focus， because paying too much attention to your grades will make you more nervous. 16.Alice was in low spirits because she was            （责怪） for the breakdown of the school computer network. 17.Researchers have found the proof that there is a            （联系） between certain kinds of lifestyle and cancer. 18.His mum got a            （十分严重的） cold， so he had to be absent from school and attend to her at home. 19.I have the faith that I can be a helpful            （助手） to the event organizers. 20.The playerˈs            （杰出的） performance left a deep impression on everyone present. 三、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分。 A Science is often considered a male-dominated field. But the field is rich with female scientists who made important discoveries. Ada Lovelace, Mathematician (Dec. 10, 1815-Nov. 27, 1852) Ada Lovelace was an English mathematician and writer, primarily known for her work on Charles Babbageˈs early mechanical general-purpose computer. While she did not have a formal degree in the modern sense, Lovelace is regarded as the first computer programmer—long before modern computers were invented. Chien-Shiung Wu, Physicist (May 31, 1912-Feb. 16, 1997) Originally from China, where she earned her degree in physics from the National Central University in Nanjing, Chien-Shiung Wu became a leading figure in science. Wu is famous for her “Wu experiment”, which overturned the theory of parity（宇称理论）in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, with Wuˈs critical role in the work overlooked. Janaki Ammal, Botanist (Nov. 4, 1897-Feb. 7, 1984) As Indiaˈs first female plant scientist, Janaki Ammal made significant progress in the fields of botany. Educated in Madras and the U. S., she held notable positions including teaching at the Womenˈs Christian College. Her work extended overseas in England before returning to India, contributing greatly to genetics and plant breeding until her death in 1984. Katherine Johnson, Mathematician (Aug. 26, 1918-Feb. 24, 2020) Katherine Johnson played a key role at NASA. She overcame racial and gender barriers, making crucial calculations for the trajectories（轨迹）of spacecraft. Recognized for her contributions, Johnson received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015. Her story, highlighted in the film Hidden Figures, inspires generations in STEM fields. 21.What did the woman scientist who died young achieve? （） A. She challenged a physics theory. B. She made breakthroughs in botany. C. She assisted with space exploration. D. She contributed to the computerˈs birth. 22.Which scientist once held a teaching position in college? （） A. Ada Lovelace. B. Chien-Shiung Wu. C. Janaki Ammal. D. Katherine Johnson. 23.What similar experience did Chien-Shiung Wu and Katherine Johnson have? （） A. They both won the Nobel Prize. B. They faced gender barriers at work. C. Their stories were made into films. D. They were awarded degrees in China. B Tu Youyou is a Chinese medical scientist, pharmaceutical（制药的）chemist, and educator best known for discovering artemisinin, also known as qinghaosu. The discovery of artemisinin and its treatment of malaria are regarded as a significant breakthrough of tropical medicine in the 20th century and health improvement for people of tropical developing countries in South Asia, Africa, and South America. For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The Nobel Committee puts Tuˈs work well by writing: “Malaria infects close to 200 million individuals yearly. Artemisinin is used in all malaria-ridden parts of the world. When used in combination treatment, it is estimated to reduce the death rate from malaria by more than 20% overall and by more than 30% in children. For Africa alone, this means that more than 100,000 lives are saved each year.” In China, Tu is known as a “sanwu” scientist. Tu has spent no time studying abroad, no membership with the Chinese Academy of Sciences and no doctoral degree. The Xinhua News Agency has commented on the significance of Tuˈs achievement, “Not only is Tu the first Chinese Nobel laureate（获奖者）in natural science, but she is also the first Nobel laureate who received all scientific training in China. The award she won made Chinese scientists gain tremendous confidence.” As part of the programme charged with finding a treatment for malaria, Tu was inspired by an ancient Chinese text which said qinghao was used to tackle intermittent fevers（间歇热）around 400 AD. In the herb Tu discovered a compound, now known as artemisinin, which proved an effective treatment for the infection. Tu herself volunteered to be the first human recipient. An article Tu Youyou published in Nature in 2011 ended up with an insightful sentence. “It is my dream that Chinese medicine will help us conquer life-threatening diseases worldwide, and people across the globe will enjoy its benefits for health promotion,” Tu wrote. 24.According to the passage, what can we learn about Tu Youyou? （） A. She is best known as an educator. B. She received Lasker Award before Noble Prize. C. She received some scientific training abroad. D. She was forced to be the first recipient of the medicine. 25.Whatˈs the second paragraph mainly about? （） A. The importance of the Nobel Prize. B. The malariaˈs effects on human health. C. The achievements made by Tu Youyou. D. The peopleˈs suffering from infective diseases. 26.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 4? （） A. End with. B. Fight with. C. Mix with. D. Deal with. 27.What do the words Tu Youyou wrote inNature show?  （    ） A. Her passion for Chinese medicine. B. Her doubt about Chinese medicine. C. Her dream of getting prizes fromNature. D. Her hesitation in doing medical research. C What are scientists？ They are often described as grey-haired and white-coated dull scholars. But the world has changed. Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage. This is also true in China. Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji， university professor Liu Mingzhen， and biologist Wan Ruixue. At the age of 28 in 2018， Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science Prize for Young Scientists. This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers. She focuses mainly on Biomedicine and Molecular Biology （分子生物学）. “Both are cutting-edge （尖端的） technologies at an early stage of development，” she said. “So， I think they have great potential to be developed. I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies， China and other leading countries in the world are standing at the same starting line. And in the study of Structural Biology， China is likely to become the leader.” She felt it was her fate to become a biologist. “I grew interested in the natural world when I was very young，” she said. In 2009， she entered Sun Yat-sen University. In her third year at university， she realised that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine. So she e-mailed Chinaˈs top biologist Shi Yigong， hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University. Shi recognized her talent and welcomed her. Years of efforts at the lab have paid off. Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome （剪接体） led to a scientific breakthrough. Unlike many other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad， Wan currently has no plan to go overseas. “The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China，” she said， adding that the country has great science facilities. 28.What does the underlined word “releasing” in paragraph 2 mean？（） A. Giving out. B. Getting over. C. Finding out. D. Taking over. 29.What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies in China？（） A. Anxious. B. Confident. C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied. 30.What can we learn about Wan Ruixueˈs journey of becoming a biologist？（） A. Her teacher led her into the field. B. She finds itˈs easier than she thought. C. Her contribution has been recognized. D. She thinks itˈs boring but worth trying. 31.Which can be the best title of the text？（） A. Chinaˈs Breakthrough in Science B. Rising Young Scientists in China C. Successful Chinese Scientists D. New Image of Chinese Scientists D The national outpouring of grief（悲痛）at the death of two legendary academicians（院士）over the weekend, as if people had lost beloved members of their own families, offers much food for thought. At 1:02 p.m. on May 22nd, 2021, liver surgeon Wu Mengchao, 99, died in Shanghai. He was known as the founder of hepatobiliary surgery（肝胆外科）in the country and was the teacher of roughly 80 percent of the nationˈs experts and doctors specialising in liver surgery today. Wu operated on thousands of patients, and saved many lives. Five minutes later in Changsha, Hunan Province, agricultural scientist Yuan Longping died at the age of 91. He was known as “the father of hybrid rice” who helped lift the nation out of hunger. With their dedication to science and commitment to the people, the two devoted their lives to saving lives and improving peopleˈs livelihoods. Together with generations of their students, they not only made a big difference to the lives of the Chinese people, but also to many living in other developing and least-developed countries. Wu insisted that medical science is humanity while Yuanˈs lifelong dream was always to enable the Chinese people to fill their own bowls with rice. What makes Wu and Yuan great is not only their achievements, but also their shared attachment to the people. The publicˈs spontaneous（自发的）outpouring of grief at their deaths, which has been rare in the country for decades, shows how much their down-to-earth dedication to improving peopleˈs lives touched hearts throughout the country. Yuan and Wu are just two representatives of the large numbers of scientific workers that have devoted their lives to their research, giving the countryˈs people-centred development principle with more practical meaning. The country needs more scientists to inherit and carry forward their spirit. Even those in other walks of life can draw inspiration from the two academiciansˈ commitment to their dreams, care for the people, and never hold themselves back from making new breakthroughs, so as to make the best of what life grants for themselves and others. 32.Which two fields do Wu Mengchao and Yuan Longping specialise in? A. Education and agriculture. B. Medicine and social science. C. Education and social science. D. Hepatobiliary surgery and agriculture. 33.What does the underlined word “dedication” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Devotion. B. Influence. C. Exploration. D. Respect. 34.Why did the academiciansˈ death grieve the whole nation? A. Because the modern Internet helped to spread the news. B. Because Wu and Yuan are well known over the country. C. Because people think it necessary to follow the sorrowful trend. D. Because they made great contributions and shared selfless love to the people. 35.Whatˈs the best title for the text? A. A Sorrowful Weekend B. Let Their Scientific Spirit Live on C. Two Great Academicians Passed Away D. The Great Contributions of Two Great Scientists 四、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分。 Characteristics of an Excellent Scientist The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.      (36)     . Curiosity      (37)     . Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work. Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process. Patience Becoming a scientist takes a long time. There are very few jobs that take longer than this one.      (38)     . If youˈre an instant-gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you. Ethical（道德的）qualities In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve peopleˈs life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run.      (39)     . Sticking to an old belief contradicted with evidence is dishonest. However, that belief shouldnˈt be changed without powerful evidence.      (40)      An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind. He/She can work well alone or in groups depending on whatˈs needed, and he/she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new. A．Working habits B．A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion C．An excellent scientist must be very curious about things D．You still have much scientific research to do even if you have received education on science E．One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory F．Working time G．Letˈs look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist 五、完形填空：本大题共15小题，每题1分，满分15分。 Louis Pasteur was born on December 27, 1822, in Dole, France, into a poor family. The French chemist and microbiologist made remarkable scientific   (41)   regarding the principles of vaccination（疫苗接种）, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization（巴氏灭菌法）. The family was on a very tight   (42)  . However, his parents   (43)   education and found support to send him to the best schools they could afford. Pasteur had a   (44)   for painting and drawing. When he realized that art was   (45)   to earn a living, he changed to   (46)  . He was not a(n)   (47)   student, but he worked very hard once he put his mind to it. It took him three tries to pass the exam to get into his   (48)   school. Later, he owed his success to his   (49)  . He impressed senior scientists with his hard work and willpower in   (50)   some of the most difficult scientific problems. Pasteurˈs   (51)   research was completely self-funded. His wife, Marie,   (52)   supported his work and acted as his assistant in the lab. As he became famous gradually, he was able to   (53)   research positions at more great institutions. Eventually, he was able to establish the Pasteur Institute to   (54)   and prevent the causes of disease, particularly rabies. He was highly respected and won just about every award   (55)   in his field. As a consequence, Pasteur greatly advanced the science of his day. 41.A. predictions B. discoveries C. methods D. performances 42.A. turn B. schedule C. relationship D. budget 43.A. valued B. overestimated C. sharpened D. assigned 44.A. demand B. temptation C. passion D. inspiration 45.A. unavoidable B. unlikely C. unexpected D. uneventful 46.A. geography B. arithmetic C. politics D. chemistry 47.A. considerate B. intelligent C. lifelong D. intimate 48.A. desired B. approved C. engaged D. varied 49.A. fame B. routine C. perseverance D. blessing 50.A. fundraising B. tackling C. motivating D. occupying 51.A. overnight B. joint C. monthly D. early 52.A. actively B. objectively C. humbly D. nobly 53.A. turn down B. cope with C. work out D. take up 54.A. dedicate B. treat C. find D. commit 55.A. available B. memorable C. favorable D. knowledgeable 六、语法填空：本大题共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分。 Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases, for no one knew how to prevent or treat it. In the early 19th century, when   (56)   outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. John Snow was a famous doctor in London, who even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. He was determined   (57)   (destroy) cholera once and for all. Doctors then were   (58)   (interest) in two contradictory theories which explained how cholera spread. The first held that cholera was spread in the air. The other was   (59)   cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. John Snow subscribed to the second theory, but he needed   (60)   (prove). So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he began his investigation. By mapping   (61)   (exact) where all those who died   (62)   (live), he found that multiple deaths   (63)   (link) to the outbreak were caused by the water from a pump, so he had the handle of the pump removed. Soon afterwards the disease was stopped in its tracks.   (64)   Snow's tireless efforts, the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. He transformed the way scientists study diseases by using maps and statistics, for which he   (65)   (consider) the father of modern epidemiology. 七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，每题15分，满分15分。 66.假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，你校学生会正在向全体学生征集以“中国科学家精神(The Spirit of Chinese Scientists)”为主题的短视频。请你用英文拟一则征稿启事，内容包括： (1)活动目的；(2)作品要求；(3)投稿方式及截止时间。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Contributions Wanted ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 八、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，每题25分，满分25分。 67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Itˈs been potatoes all week, Mom! Canˈt we go to the diner for a burger and an ice cream? Thatˈs all I want for my birthday!” Eveˈs 8-year-old son Dylan threw his arms around her shoulders, looking at her hopefully. In her heart, she wanted to throw Dylan the biggest birthday party ever, with balloons and a delicious cake with eight beautiful candles on it. But in reality, Eve could afford none of that. After being let go from the third temporary job and paying the overdue bills, she didnˈt have enough money left. “Sorry, baby. I canˈt afford that...” Eve said sadly. Seeing tears in his motherˈs eyes, Dylan quickly changed his tone（语气）. Heˈd seen her struggling to make ends meet and couldnˈt stand hurting her. “Actually, Mom, that potato salad looks delicious! Can I have some more?” he asked her cheerfully. After the humble meal, Eve did the housework. Dylan took out an envelope hidden on his bookshelf. Heˈd secretly saved a few dollars from the lunch money his mom had given him over the past few years. He counted the money. “$28!” His eyes lit up. “I can get a good meal for Mom!” Dylan slid out with the envelope and walked to the next block, where he saw exactly what heˈd expected—the mobile food truck! Heˈd seen it a few times and wondered why the place was always crowded. He waited until the crowd waiting to buy food at the counter went away. “Sir! Please give me everything I can get for $28!” Dylan requested eagerly. But Martin, the owner of the food truck, replied, “Sorry, kid. Weˈre out of everything today!” Disappointed, Dylan was seated on the sidewalk, mumbling（咕哝）: “Itˈs my birthday, but I canˈt even treat her to a nice meal. She does so much for me. I thought, for once, I would do something nice for her.” He kept talking out loud to himself, giving in to his urge to cry. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Seeing this, Martin walked out of his food truck. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, Eve was woken up by a knock on the door. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $