Unit 3 课时4 Section B（1a-1f）（分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

Unit 3 Growing Up 课时4 Section B (1a-1f) 分层作业 一、单词默写。 1. repeat 2. player 3. coach 4. enter 5. low 6. proud 二、词组默写。 1. let down 2. take back 3. be hard on 4. 齐心协力；通力合作 5. 即使；虽然 6. 从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. be too hard on 2. respect 3. is proud of 4. Learn from 5. guidance; progress 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. yourself 2. pulled 3. to talk 4. shocked 5. deeply 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 1．differently 2．starts 3．active 4．reason 5．sleepy 6．suggest 7．make 8．doctor 9．common 10．lonely。 六、完形填空。 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 七、阅读理解。 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 八、任务型阅读。根据短文完成表格，每空一词。 1．heart 2．sad 3．helps 4．relationships 5．improve ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Growing Up 课时4 Section B (1a-1f) 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 feel blue 感到忧郁的 on top of the world 欢天喜地 all smiles 笑容满面 low / ləʊ / adj. 沮丧的；低的 in low spirits 情绪低落；精神不振 ring / rɪŋ / v. (rang / ræŋ /, rung / rʌŋ /) 发出铃声 enter /ˈ entə (r)/ v. 进入 dare / deə (r)/ v. & modal v. 敢于 everybody /ˈ evribɒdi / pron. 每人；所有人 let down 使失望 be hard on 对……苛刻或过分严厉 player /ˈ pleɪə (r)/ n. 运动员；选手 referee /ˌ refəˈri ː/ n. 裁判 take back 撤回；收回 decision / dɪˈsɪʒn / n. 决定 kick oneself （因干了蠢事等）自责或懊恼 look on the bright side 从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 score / skɔ ː(r)/ n. 得分；比分 proud / praʊd / adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 proud of 为……感到骄傲 coach / kəʊtʃ / n. 教练 as well 也；又 bit / bɪt / n. 有点儿；稍微 a bit 有点儿；稍微 repeat / rɪˈpiːt / v. 重复 pull together 齐心协力；通力合作 though / ðəʊ / conj. 虽然；尽管 even though 即使；虽然 句型 1. Why the long face? 2. I’m really sorry about letting everybody down. 3. Don’t be too hard on yourself! 4. We have to respect his decision. 5. It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /rɪˈpiːt/ v. 重复 2. ________/ˈpleɪə(r)/ n. 运动员；选手 3. __________ /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练 4. ________ /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进入 5. __________ /ləʊ/ adj. 沮丧的；低的 6. __________ /praʊd/ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 二、词组默写。 1. 使失望 _______________________ 2. 撤回；收回 _______________________ 3. 对……苛刻或过分严厉 _______________________ 4. pull together _______________________ 5. even though _______________________ 6. look on the bright side _______________________ 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. 别太自责，这次失误只是个意外。 Don’t ______ ______ ______ ______; this mistake was just an accident. 2. 我们必须尊重裁判的最终决定。 We have to ______ the referee’s final decision. 3. 教练为我们在比赛中的表现感到骄傲。 Our coach ______ ______ ______ our performance in the game. 4. 从错误中学习，这样你以后就不会重蹈覆辙。 ______ ______ your mistakes so that you won’t repeat them in the future. 5. 在老师的指导下，她在写作上取得了很大进步。 With the teacher’s ________, she has made great ________ in writing. 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Don’t be hard on ________ (you). Everyone makes mistakes. 2. The team ________ (pull) together and won the game in the end. 3. Even though he is very busy, he always finds time ________ (talk) to his parents. 4. She felt ________ (shock) when she heard the news of the accident. 5. The doctor saw everything in the hospital and he was ________ (deep) moved by the nurse. 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 active common differently doctor lonely make start reason sleepy suggest If you often feel tired, sleepy or sad in winter, you might have seasonal affective disorder (SAD) (季节性情绪障碍). Some people also react (做出反应) 1 : eating more, finding it hard to focus, or losing interest in hobbies. SAD usually 2 in fall or winter and ends in spring or early summer. When the weather gets colder and the days get shorter, some people feel less 3 and more unhappy. The main 4 for SAD is not clear, but scientists think it may be caused by changes in hormones (激素). In winter, it is dark for most of the day. This makes the mind make more melatonin (褪黑素), a thing that makes people feel 5 and less full of energy. Less sunlight might also change your body’s energy and feeling. The best way to feel better is to get more sunlight. Doctors 6___ spending some time outside every day in winter, even if it’s just for a short walk. Even on cloudy days, natural light helps! Another way is to use “light treatment”. This means using special lights at home to copy natural sunlight, which can help 7 the symptoms (症状) less. You can also try moving your body more, like dancing or playing sports. If you still feel very sad, you should see a 8 . Talking to a doctor early is important—SAD can get worse if you wait. Don’t forget to share your feelings with family or friends too. Don’t worry. SAD is a 9 problem, and there are always ways to make you feel better during the cold months. Calling a friend or keeping a simple daily plan might help you feel less 10 . Small steps, like drinking warm milk before bed, can also help! 六、完形填空。 I found it hard to communicate with my mother. Relationship between us became difficult. One day I ran away from home and stayed outside for a few hours. When I returned home at night, I saw all the 1 , anger and disappointment on my mother’s face. We knew that we were in great need of talk. We agreed to have breakfast together the next morning. Then we discussed where to go and decided to go to a restaurant near the park. On our way to the restaurant, I noticed there were two notebooks in her bag. I was surprised and asked her why she took them. She explained to me that sometimes it was much 2 to write down our feelings than talking about them directly. We should write them down. Our first topic was “Why am I so angry?” I wrote a half page, but my mum 3 nearly three pages. I saw the tears run down her face while she was writing. I 4 realized anyone could hide so much anger. After we 5 writing, we exchanged (交换) our notebooks. As soon as I started reading my mother’s words, I began to cry and so did she. Then, we discussed our 6 . Finally, it felt like all the anger inside me went away from my body. Our talk helped me 7 so many things I never thought of before, not only about my mother but also about other people. My mother and I continue using our notebooks as a way of 8 . We know that no matter how we feel about each other, our notebooks are a 9 place to express our feelings. And we believe that these notebooks will always 10 us to respect and love each other. We agree that both of us will write “I love you” at the end of each letter in the future. 1．A．excitement B．sadness C．fear 2．A．easier B．happier C．slower 3．A．looked up B．showed up C．filled up 4．A．never B．always C．often 5．A．continued B．finished C．practised 6．A．interests B．experiences C．feelings 7．A．realize B．forget C．change 8．A．celebration B．communication C．introduction 9．A．safe B．lucky C．boring 10．A．invite B．lead C．control 七、阅读理解。 The film Inside Out tells us a new way to understand people’s emotions. The story starts with an 11-year-old girl named Riley. Her mind has five key emotions: Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, and Disgust. Each emotion has a special role in shaping Riley’s thoughts and actions. Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy, while Sadness often feels overlooked. However, when Riley’s family moves to a new city, her emotions try to get used to the new environment. One day, Joy and Sadness accidentally (意外地) get lost in Riley’s long-term memory. Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently. She becomes easy to be angry, keeps away from her parents, and even thinks about running away. At the same time, Joy realizes that Sadness plays an important role—helping Riley face difficult changes. In the end, the two emotions work together to get balance back in Riley’s mind. The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth. By accepting sadness, Riley learns to get along with difficulties and rebuilds (重建) stronger relationships. Inside Out teaches us that emotional balance is key to happiness. 1．What is Joy’s main role in Riley’s mind? A．To make Riley afraid of new things. B．To keep Riley happy and energetic. C．To help Riley dislike unpleasant food. D．To be the boss of all the other emotions. 2．What’s the result when Joy and Sadness are lost? A．Riley becomes very joyful. B．Riley acts the same as usual. C．Riley’s memories go away. D．Riley starts to act differently. 3．What does the underlined word “ones” refer to? A．Riley’s parents. B．Emotions like Sadness. C．Long-term memories. D．Joy and Sadness. 4．What is the main message of the film? A．Only happy emotions can bring us happiness. B．Sadness is the most important emotion for us. C．All emotions are necessary for healthy mental growth. D．We should keep away from anger and fear 5．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Science of Emotions in Inside Out B．How to Control Anger and Fear C．Riley’s Journey to a New City D．Why Joy Is Better Than Sadness 任务型阅读。根据短文完成表格，每空一词。 According to scientists, laughter is the best medicine. There are some positive influences of it. What happens when we laugh? Firstly, laughter makes our bodies produce chemicals（化学物质）, which make us feel good. Secondly, laughing can keep us from heart problems. Thirdly, it can make our muscles（肌肉）more relaxed for as long as 45 minutes after a good laugh. Having a good sense of humor helps to keep our mind healthy, too. When you get a joke or watch a video and it makes you laugh or simply smile, you relax a bit. And the relaxation helps us deal with bad feelings like sadness or anger. What laughter does is to help us to think about our problems better, and then we can deal with them better. If you hear someone laughing, you’re probably going to laugh along. The fact is, laughter brings people together. When you are with people you like and share funny things, you will laugh easily. And studies show that our closest relationships—with parents, brothers or sisters and partners—are improved greatly with shared laughter. So, all you have to do is to laugh more often! Positive Influences of Laughter Good for your body ★Chemicals are produced because of laughter and they can make you feel good. ★You can stay away from 1 problems. ★A good laugh can keep your muscles more relaxed for about 45 minutes. Good for your mind ★If you feel 2 or angry, laughter can help you relax. ★It 3 you to think better about your problems. Good for your 4 ★Laughter can bring people together. ★Shared laughter can greatly 5 your closest relationships with others. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Growing Up 课时4 Section B (1a-1f) 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 feel blue 感到忧郁的 on top of the world 欢天喜地 all smiles 笑容满面 low /ləʊ/ adj. 沮丧的；低的 in low spirits 情绪低落；精神不振 ring /rɪŋ/ v. (rang /ræŋ/, rung /rʌŋ/) 发出铃声 enter /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进入 dare /deə(r)/ v. & modal v. 敢于 everybody /ˈevribɒdi/ pron. 每人；所有人 let down 使失望 be hard on 对……苛刻或过分严厉 player /ˈpleɪə(r)/ n. 运动员；选手 referee /ˌrefəˈriː/ n. 裁判 take back 撤回；收回 decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定 kick oneself （因干了蠢事等）自责或懊恼 look on the bright side 从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 score /skɔː(r)/ n. 得分；比分 proud /praʊd/ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 proud of 为……感到骄傲 coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练 as well 也；又 bit /bɪt/ n. 有点儿；稍微 a bit 有点儿；稍微 repeat /rɪˈpiːt/ v. 重复 pull together 齐心协力；通力合作 though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管 even though 即使；虽然 句型 1. Why the long face? 2. I’m really sorry about letting everybody down. 3. Don’t be too hard on yourself! 4. We have to respect his decision. 5. It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /rɪˈpiːt/ v. 重复 2. ________/ˈpleɪə(r)/ n. 运动员；选手 3. __________ /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练 4. ________ /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进入 5. __________ /ləʊ/ adj. 沮丧的；低的 6. __________ /praʊd/ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 【答案】repeat; player; coach; enter; low; proud 二、词组默写。 1. 使失望 _______________________ 2. 撤回；收回 _______________________ 3. 对……苛刻或过分严厉 _______________________ 4. pull together _______________________ 5. even though _______________________ 6. look on the bright side _______________________ 【答案】1. let down 2. take back 3. be hard on 4. 齐心协力；通力合作 5. 即使；虽然 6. 从好的方面想；抱乐观态度 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. 别太自责，这次失误只是个意外。 Don’t ______ ______ ______ ______; this mistake was just an accident. 2. 我们必须尊重裁判的最终决定。 We have to ______ the referee’s final decision. 3. 教练为我们在比赛中的表现感到骄傲。 Our coach ______ ______ ______ our performance in the game. 4. 从错误中学习，这样你以后就不会重蹈覆辙。 ______ ______ your mistakes so that you won’t repeat them in the future. 5. 在老师的指导下，她在写作上取得了很大进步。 With the teacher’s ________, she has made great ________ in writing. 【答案】1. be too hard on 2. respect 3. is proud of 4. Learn from 5. guidance; progress 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Don’t be hard on ________ (you). Everyone makes mistakes. 2. The team ________ (pull) together and won the game in the end. 3. Even though he is very busy, he always finds time ________ (talk) to his parents. 4. She felt ________ (shock) when she heard the news of the accident. 5. The doctor saw everything in the hospital and he was ________ (deep) moved by the nurse. 【答案】1. yourself 2. pulled 3. to talk 4. shocked 5. deeply 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 active common differently doctor lonely make start reason sleepy suggest If you often feel tired, sleepy or sad in winter, you might have seasonal affective disorder (SAD) (季节性情绪障碍). Some people also react (做出反应) 1 : eating more, finding it hard to focus, or losing interest in hobbies. SAD usually 2 in fall or winter and ends in spring or early summer. When the weather gets colder and the days get shorter, some people feel less 3 and more unhappy. The main 4 for SAD is not clear, but scientists think it may be caused by changes in hormones (激素). In winter, it is dark for most of the day. This makes the mind make more melatonin (褪黑素), a thing that makes people feel 5 and less full of energy. Less sunlight might also change your body’s energy and feeling. The best way to feel better is to get more sunlight. Doctors 6___ spending some time outside every day in winter, even if it’s just for a short walk. Even on cloudy days, natural light helps! Another way is to use “light treatment”. This means using special lights at home to copy natural sunlight, which can help 7 the symptoms (症状) less. You can also try moving your body more, like dancing or playing sports. If you still feel very sad, you should see a 8 . Talking to a doctor early is important—SAD can get worse if you wait. Don’t forget to share your feelings with family or friends too. Don’t worry. SAD is a 9 problem, and there are always ways to make you feel better during the cold months. Calling a friend or keeping a simple daily plan might help you feel less 10 . Small steps, like drinking warm milk before bed, can also help! 【答案】【导语】本文主要介绍了季节性情绪低落（SAD）的表现、成因及改善方法。 1．句意：有些人的反应也不一样：吃得更多、难以集中注意力、对爱好失去兴趣。根据“react”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词，表“不同地反应”。备选词differently“不同地”符合语境，故填differently。 2．句意：SAD通常在秋冬季节开始，在春季或初夏结束。根据“ends in spring or early summer”可知，此处是“开始”的意思，主语“SAD”是单数，用动词第三人称单数形式。备选词starts“开始”符合语境，故填starts。 3．句意：当天气变冷、白天变短，一些人会感觉不那么活跃，也更不开心。根据“less”可知，此处需用形容词，表“不那么活跃”。备选词active“活跃的”符合语境，故填active。 4．句意：SAD的主要原因尚不清楚，但科学家认为它可能是由激素变化引起的。根据“not clear”可知，此处是说SAD的“原因”。备选词reason“原因”符合语境，故填reason。 5．句意：这会让大脑产生褪黑素，这种物质会让人感到困倦，精力不足。根据“less full of energy”可知，此处是“困倦的”意思。备选词sleepy“困倦的”符合语境，故填sleepy。 6．句意：医生建议在冬天每天花点时间待在户外，哪怕只是短途散步。根据“spending some time outside…”可知，此处是医生的“建议”，主语“Doctors”是复数，用动词原形。备选词suggest“建议”符合语境，故填suggest。 7．句意：这意味着在家里使用特殊的灯来模仿自然光，这可以减轻症状。根据“the symptoms (症状) less”可知，此处是“使症状减轻”，“make + 宾语 + 形容词”是固定用法。备选词make“使”符合语境，故填make。 8．句意：如果你仍然感到非常难过，你应该去看医生。根据“see a…”可知，此处是“看医生”的意思。备选词doctor“医生”符合语境，故填doctor。 9．句意：别担心，SAD是一个常见的问题，在寒冷的月份总有办法让你感觉好一些。根据“problem”可知，此处需用形容词修饰，表“SAD是常见的问题”。备选词common“常见的”符合语境，故填common。 10．句意：打电话给朋友或制定一个简单的日常计划可能会让你不那么孤独。根据“feel less”可知，此处需用形容词，表“不那么孤独”。备选词lonely“孤独的”符合语境，故填lonely。 六、完形填空。 I found it hard to communicate with my mother. Relationship between us became difficult. One day I ran away from home and stayed outside for a few hours. When I returned home at night, I saw all the 1 , anger and disappointment on my mother’s face. We knew that we were in great need of talk. We agreed to have breakfast together the next morning. Then we discussed where to go and decided to go to a restaurant near the park. On our way to the restaurant, I noticed there were two notebooks in her bag. I was surprised and asked her why she took them. She explained to me that sometimes it was much 2 to write down our feelings than talking about them directly. We should write them down. Our first topic was “Why am I so angry?” I wrote a half page, but my mum 3 nearly three pages. I saw the tears run down her face while she was writing. I 4 realized anyone could hide so much anger. After we 5 writing, we exchanged (交换) our notebooks. As soon as I started reading my mother’s words, I began to cry and so did she. Then, we discussed our 6 . Finally, it felt like all the anger inside me went away from my body. Our talk helped me 7 so many things I never thought of before, not only about my mother but also about other people. My mother and I continue using our notebooks as a way of 8 . We know that no matter how we feel about each other, our notebooks are a 9 place to express our feelings. And we believe that these notebooks will always 10 us to respect and love each other. We agree that both of us will write “I love you” at the end of each letter in the future. 1．A．excitement B．sadness C．fear 2．A．easier B．happier C．slower 3．A．looked up B．showed up C．filled up 4．A．never B．always C．often 5．A．continued B．finished C．practised 6．A．interests B．experiences C．feelings 7．A．realize B．forget C．change 8．A．celebration B．communication C．introduction 9．A．safe B．lucky C．boring 10．A．invite B．lead C．control 【答案】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了我和母亲用“写下我们的感受”的方式化解了矛盾的故事。告诉我们要更多地与父母沟通，相互理解。 1．句意：当我晚上回到家时，我看到妈妈脸上满是悲伤、愤怒和失望。 excitement兴奋；sadness伤心；fear恐惧。根据“One day I ran away from home and stayed outside for a few hours.”可知，此处指“我”离家出走，妈妈的情绪应是负面的。故选B。 2．句意：她向我解释说，有时候把我们的感受写下来比直接谈论要容易得多。 easier更容易的；happier更开心的；slower更慢的。根据“write down our feelings than talking about them directly”可知，此处指母亲选择带笔记本进行书面交流，正是因为她认为“写下感受”比“直接交谈”更容易表达真实想法，避免了面对面沟通的尴尬与冲突。故选A。 3．句意：我写了半页，但妈妈写满了将近三页。 looked up查阅；showed up出现；filled up填满。根据“I wrote a half page, but my mum ... nearly three pages.”可知，此处指“我”只写了半页，而母亲写满了将近三页，通过数量对比突出母亲积压的情绪之多。故选C。 4．句意：我从未意识到有人能隐藏这么多愤怒。 never从未；always总是；often经常。根据“I saw the tears run down her face while she was writing.”可知，此处指看到母亲流泪的瞬间，“我”才第一次意识到她隐藏了如此多的愤怒，因此“我从未意识到”最符合语境。故选A。 5．句意：我们写完后，交换了笔记本。 continued继续；finished完成；practised练习。根据“After we ... writing, we exchanged (交换) our notebooks.”可知，此处指只有完成写作，才会交换笔记本进行阅读，这是符合动作先后顺序的自然逻辑。故选B。 6．句意：然后，我们讨论了我们的感受。 interests兴趣；experiences经历；feelings感受。根据全文可知，此处指整篇文章的核心就是“通过书写来表达和交流感受”，因此讨论的内容自然是彼此的感受。故选C。 7．句意：我们的交流帮助我意识到很多以前从未想过的事情，不仅是关于妈妈，还有关于其他人。 realize意识到；forget忘记；change改变。根据“Our talk helped me ... so many things I never thought of before, not only about my mother but also about other people.”可知，此处指这次深入的沟通让“我”意识到了很多之前忽略的事情，包括对母亲的新认识和对他人的理解。故选A。 8．句意：我和妈妈继续用笔记本作为沟通的方式。 celebration庆祝；communication沟通；introduction介绍。根据“My mother and I continue using our notebooks as a way of ...”可知，此处指笔记本已经成为母女俩持续沟通的方式，呼应了文章开头“沟通困难”的问题。故选B。 9．句意：我们知道，无论彼此感觉如何，笔记本都是一个安全的地方，可以用来表达我们的感受。 safe安全的；lucky幸运的；boring无聊的。根据“We know that no matter how we feel about each other, our notebooks are a ... place to express our feelings.”可知，此处指书面交流避免了面对面的冲突，让彼此可以更坦诚地表达，因此笔记本是一个安全的表达空间。故选A。 10．句意：我们相信这些笔记本将永远引导我们彼此尊重和相爱。 invite邀请；lead导致；control控制。根据“And we believe that these notebooks will always ... us to respect and love each other.”可知，此处指母女俩相信，这种沟通方式会一直引导她们走向相互尊重与关爱，符合“积极影响”的逻辑。故选B。 七、阅读理解。 The film Inside Out tells us a new way to understand people’s emotions. The story starts with an 11-year-old girl named Riley. Her mind has five key emotions: Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, and Disgust. Each emotion has a special role in shaping Riley’s thoughts and actions. Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy, while Sadness often feels overlooked. However, when Riley’s family moves to a new city, her emotions try to get used to the new environment. One day, Joy and Sadness accidentally (意外地) get lost in Riley’s long-term memory. Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently. She becomes easy to be angry, keeps away from her parents, and even thinks about running away. At the same time, Joy realizes that Sadness plays an important role—helping Riley face difficult changes. In the end, the two emotions work together to get balance back in Riley’s mind. The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth. By accepting sadness, Riley learns to get along with difficulties and rebuilds (重建) stronger relationships. Inside Out teaches us that emotional balance is key to happiness. 1．What is Joy’s main role in Riley’s mind? A．To make Riley afraid of new things. B．To keep Riley happy and energetic. C．To help Riley dislike unpleasant food. D．To be the boss of all the other emotions. 2．What’s the result when Joy and Sadness are lost? A．Riley becomes very joyful. B．Riley acts the same as usual. C．Riley’s memories go away. D．Riley starts to act differently. 3．What does the underlined word “ones” refer to? A．Riley’s parents. B．Emotions like Sadness. C．Long-term memories. D．Joy and Sadness. 4．What is the main message of the film? A．Only happy emotions can bring us happiness. B．Sadness is the most important emotion for us. C．All emotions are necessary for healthy mental growth. D．We should keep away from anger and fear 5．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Science of Emotions in Inside Out B．How to Control Anger and Fear C．Riley’s Journey to a New City D．Why Joy Is Better Than Sadness 【答案】【导语】本文介绍了电影《头脑特工队》的剧情及核心主题，通过主角莱利的情绪变化，展现了所有情绪（包括负面情绪）对心理健康成长的必要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy”可知，Joy的角色是让莱利保持开心且充满活力。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently”可知，Joy和Sadness消失后，莱利的行为变得不一样了。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“all emotions, even bad ones”可知，“ones”指代前文的“emotions”，结合前文提到的Sadness是负面情绪，所以这里指像Sadness这样的情绪。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“the movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth”可知，电影的核心信息是所有情绪对健康的心理成长都很必要。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。全文围绕《头脑特工队》中情绪的作用与意义展开，“The Science of Emotions in Inside Out”最贴合主题。故选A。 任务型阅读。根据短文完成表格，每空一词。 According to scientists, laughter is the best medicine. There are some positive influences of it. What happens when we laugh? Firstly, laughter makes our bodies produce chemicals（化学物质）, which make us feel good. Secondly, laughing can keep us from heart problems. Thirdly, it can make our muscles（肌肉）more relaxed for as long as 45 minutes after a good laugh. Having a good sense of humor helps to keep our mind healthy, too. When you get a joke or watch a video and it makes you laugh or simply smile, you relax a bit. And the relaxation helps us deal with bad feelings like sadness or anger. What laughter does is to help us to think about our problems better, and then we can deal with them better. If you hear someone laughing, you’re probably going to laugh along. The fact is, laughter brings people together. When you are with people you like and share funny things, you will laugh easily. And studies show that our closest relationships—with parents, brothers or sisters and partners—are improved greatly with shared laughter. So, all you have to do is to laugh more often! Positive Influences of Laughter Good for your body ★Chemicals are produced because of laughter and they can make you feel good. ★You can stay away from 1 problems. ★A good laugh can keep your muscles more relaxed for about 45 minutes. Good for your mind ★If you feel 2 or angry, laughter can help you relax. ★It 3 you to think better about your problems. Good for your 4 ★Laughter can bring people together. ★Shared laughter can greatly 5 your closest relationships with others. 【答案】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了“笑”对人体的种种好处。 1．根据文中“Secondly, laughing can keep us from heart problems.”可知，笑可以让我们远离心脏问题。故填heart。 2．根据文中“And the relaxation helps us deal with bad feelings like sadness or anger.”可知，如果你感到悲伤或愤怒，笑可以帮助你放松。故填sad。 3．根据文中“What laughter does is to help us to think about our problems better, and then we can deal with them better.”可知，笑能帮助你更好地思考问题，句子用一般现在时，主语是It，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。 4．根据本文中提到的“Laughter can bring people together.”以及“Shared laughter can greatly...your closest relationships with others.”可知，这部分讲的是笑对人际关系的好处。故填relationships。 5．根据文中“And studies show that our closest relationships—with parents, brothers or sisters and partners—are improved greatly with shared laughter.”可知，共同的笑声能极大地改善你与他人最亲密的关系。故填improve。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $