专题二 阅读七选五 第2讲 根据词汇复现解题 练习 2026届高考英语二轮复习

该高中英语阅读七选五专题复习资料，聚焦高考高频考点词汇复现解题，涵盖原词复现、同义词/近义词/反义词复现及代词指代三大类型，按“辨明题类-技法点拨-真题体验”逻辑构建知识体系，结合分层练习题和限时训练，帮助学生系统掌握依据词汇线索解题的策略，体现复习教学的针对性和系统性。 资料以真题为导向，创新采用“考点解析-方法提炼-实战演练”三步教学法，如在代词指代题中引导学生通过分析代词单复数及指代对象精准定位答案，培养学生逻辑推断的思维品质和信息筛选的语言能力。分层练习设计满足不同学生需求，限时训练提升解题效率，助力学生快速突破阅读七选五难点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升课堂效率提供实用指导。

专题二　阅读七选五 第2讲　根据词汇复现解题 考点1 　原词复现题 【辨明题类】 复现是保证文章行文中前后衔接而经常使用的一种衔接手段，即表达相同意思、描述同一个概念的词汇在文章的上下文不同位置重复出现。 根据行文需要，文章中经常在后文中用前文中出现过的相同词语来衔接语义，这种现象叫作原词复现。原词复现也可以是同根词。 【技法点拨】 英语语篇在行文中第一句话的宾语，通常就是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)本身复现的方式来实现，解题时要格外注意有与空格前的句子中相同关键词汇的选项。 【真题体验】 (2025·全国Ⅱ卷) ●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. 38 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before. 考点2 　同义词、近义词或反义词复现题 【辨明题类】 文章中经常会使用词义相同或相近的词汇来表达同一个意思或概念，或者用来解释前一句话的意思，其根本目的只是避免在文中同一个词汇的重复使用。 文章上下文中有时会出现互为相反含义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。 【技法点拨】 1．关注选项中与空格前(有时是空格后)的句子中表达相同意思的同义词、近义词。 2．注意选项与空格前后句子语义上是否通顺合理。 3．在上下文或句中寻找反义词的复现。 【真题体验】 (2024·全国甲卷) Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating.And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 38 D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. 考点3 　代词指代题 【辨明题类】 英语表达中代词的出现率非常高，而代词的作用就是指代前面提及的名词，以避免重复；有时也可用代词指代前面一个句子(这两种情况也可以归类为复现)。 【技法点拨】 解题时注意空格前后或选项中出现的代词，充分利用代词的这种指代关系并根据代词的单复数差异，可以准确而快速地判定选项。常见代词：it，they/them，one(s)，this/that，these/those。 【真题体验】 (2025·浙江1月卷) Don't use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. 38 However, they're hearing it for the first time.Keep it simple. E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G．As the speaker, you already know what you're going to say. A (2025·辽宁省重点中学协作校高三二模) Vertical farming, a method of growing plants in layered arrangements, is becoming an increasingly popular solution to urban food production challenges. 1 By using vertical space, it allows more food to be grown in smaller areas, making it ideal for cities with limited land. The first step in establishing a vertical farm is to choose a suitable location.Indoor spaces like warehouses, abandoned buildings, or even repurposed shipping containers are often used. 2 In such spaces, factors like light, temperature, and humidity can be precisely monitored and adjusted.This ensures that plants receive the right amount of light, water, and nutrients, regardless of outdoor weather conditions. Once the location is secured, a water-based or air-based growing system is set up to deliver water and nutrients directly to the plants' roots.These systems not only use significantly less water than traditional farming methods but also get rid of the need for soil and reduce the risk of pests. 3 Choosing the right crops is also crucial.Some plants, like leafy greens and herbs, have short growth cycles and require minimal space. 4 For instance, lettuce and basil are frequently grown in vertical farms, as they grow rapidly and are highly sought after in urban markets. 5 The initial setup costs for lighting, irrigation systems, and climate control can be high.However, the long-term benefits, such as reduced transportation costs and year-round production, often outweigh these expenses. A．These environments provide controlled conditions. B．It is an innovative approach to sustainable agriculture. C．Vertical farming has advantages but also faces challenges. D．This technology is still in its early stages of development. E．As a result, traditional farming methods are being replaced. F．These characteristics make them perfect for vertical farming. G．This makes vertical farming more efficient and eco-friendly. B (2025·河北省承德市、张家口市高三一模) Most of us struggle for self-respect.Any comments or experiences that weaken our feelings of self-worth can be uncomfortable.But the thing is, whether your self-worth really is being weakened is, to a large degree, subjective. 1 When you take things personally, you're interpreting these situations as saying something negative about you.Say your friends cancel your planned get-together. 2 Psychologists have a term for this mindset：personalisation.But the reality might be that your friends felt unwell that weekend. In examples like this, there's another process at work that psychologists call mind reading.This is when you assume to know what other people are thinking about you when you can't really know without asking them directly. 3 One simple way to avoid these mindsets is to challenge your negative assumptions.When you find yourself taking a situation personally, try to think of other interpretations that are less focused on you.When receiving criticism, try putting yourself in the other person's shoes. 4 For instance, the person giving feedback might also feel nervous about delivering it.This mindset can transform criticism into a learning opportunity and strengthen relationships. Wanting to be proud of yourself is healthy. 5 Try to take pride in your efforts, good intentions and achievements.This shift in focus will also help you become less sensitive and less likely to take things personally. A．But pride comes in different forms. B．Try to see yourself in a positive light. C．But they might think very highly of you. D．You may interpret this as meaning they're bored of you. E．Much of it depends on your perception of what someone said or did. F．When you do this, you'll be able to see things from their point of view. G．When assuming your friends are bored of you, you're engaging in mind reading. C (2025·安徽省滁州市高三一模) Do you start something and then leave it midway？Do you feel an enthusiastic rush at the beginning but lose motivation after some time？If so, don't worry. 1 , thus keeping you inspired for a long time. Divide your task 2 .The fear of failing to accomplish enormous assignments on time may paralyse you.Also, if your work schedule is too tight, you'll end up doing nothing.It is always better to tear the whole task apart into achievable tasks.Achieving one task at a time will help fuel your enthusiasm. 3 People all have that one WHY inside which helps push one work hard to attain a certain goal.It can be anything like financial freedom, trying to prove yourself, a desire to make an impact or simply having something meaningful in life.Finding your WHY will help you connect with your goal on a deeper level. Visualize your success This is a mental exercise.Along the way, keep picturing your success and having a taste of it will help you stay hungry for more.Keep a record of everything that you do.You can write it in your journal and you can also record your next steps. 4 . Be flexible As things develop, sometimes you have to adjust according to them.You might have to make changes to your task map along the way. 5 , while being flexible keeps you moving on. A．Find your source B．Being stubborn just leads to frustration C．Try not to be alarmed at the task deadline D．Tracking your goals fuels your driving force E．It can be overwhelming to look at a task as a whole F．The following four methods can be adopted to sustain your motivation G．Here comes a four-part approach that can channel your inner enthusiasm D (2025·江西省九江市高三一模) You can help yourself make wiser choices by visualizing your future self.Below are three ideas to connect with your future self and enhance present decision-making. 1 Researchers have shown that visualizing future events can assist individuals in delaying immediate satisfaction.Interestingly, one doesn't need to consider the future rewards of such delay; just thinking about the future seems to work.For example, if you're trying to decide whether to start a project now or postpone it, picture yourself in routine future settings like grocery shopping or an upcoming meeting. 2 The more real and vivid the future feels, the more likely you are to make a decision that your future self won't regret. Send a message to your future self.FutureMe.org offers a unique service that allows individuals to send emails to their future selves, prompting them to picture what their future selves will be doing and how they will feel about the choices made now. 3 What are your hopes for your future self？What would your future self thank you for if you committed yourself to certain goals today？Psychologist Hal says that even briefly reflecting on what you'd write in such a letter can make you feel more connected to your future self. Imagine your future self. 4 In one experiment, couch potatoes were asked to imagine either a hoped-for future self who engages in regular exercise and enjoys good health or a feared future self who remains inactive and suffers from health problems.Astonishingly, both visualizations motivated them to get off the couch and exercise more frequently over the next two months compared to a control group that did not imagine a future self.To boost your willpower, imagine two possible future selves：one changing and benefiting and the other unchanging and suffering. 5 This can inspire positive changes and help learn from past experiences. A．Create a future memory. B．Visualize a future success. C．Avoid thinking about the future as it may lead to anxiety. D．Studies show that imagining your future self can increase your present self's willpower. E．Moreover, let yourself vividly daydream about how you feel for your past self's choices. F．Use this opportunity to tell your future self about your current plans to reach long-term goals. G．This practice sparks your brain to think more concretely about your current choices' consequences. 【限时训练】（限时：60分钟） A (2025·广东省大湾区高三一模) Meeting minutes are the official summary of what happened during a meeting.They serve as an outline, a written record for anyone unable to attend, and to use for future reference. 1 So how to write meeting minutes？Here are the basics you should follow. Be concise(简明的)． 2 As the minutes taker, your job is to document what is happening at the meeting.This is a written record that covers just the main points.You don't need an exact accounting of everything that is said. Just note the facts. Avoid personal observations when writing meeting minutes.If you want to take separate notes of your own, you are welcome to do so. 3 Some of this is boring information to keep track of：meeting names, date and time, action items and decisions made.But later on, those meeting notes may contain essential information to keep everyone on the same page about what happened during that meeting. 4 With meeting minutes, it's important to write down who attended the meeting, but also who didn't, so there is no confusion about who may have discussed or voted on an issue. Use a template(模版) for the right format. If you're writing formal meeting minutes, follow a certain format.For trade unions, schools, city and county governments, and others, you may need to follow Robert's Rules of Order.While writing informal meeting minutes, you have more flexibility. Think of what your organization needs, and what's been done in the past. 5 A．Note who is unable to attend. B．Then improve on that process. C．Don't include personal thoughts or observations. D．Your creative writing skills must take a back seat. E．But the meeting minutes should be a factual record of what was discussed. F．These notes typically highlight the key issues that were discussed at the meeting. G．When written well, meeting minutes are a critical communication tool for your organization. B (2025·辽宁省名校联盟高三一模) In Manchester, you'll be hardly pressed to spot anybody in the city center not wearing a pair of headphones. 1 But increasingly I've begun to question exactly why. Michael Bull, professor of sound studies at the University of Sussex believes our reliance on headphones can be explained by human's motivation：a need for control. 2 While headphone users often describe themselves as being freer, he says, “They are dependent on the machine for that to be true; they're locked into the world and the medium they're using. 3 You're being manipulated(操控), but the manipulation creates a sense of freedom.” When we block out the noises of the city which we consider negative, we also block out the noise of the natural world. As for me, I always hear the birds singing on the way to my gym. 4 And there is something quite lovely about hearing the city clearly.Using headphones, particularly to listen to music is a way to “beautify our experience” to make things seem more beautiful and pleasurable.But there is pleasure in the real world, too. 5 They can be a means for focus and productivity, and for those with sensory processing issues, they can prove invaluable.But something magical happened when I chose not to wear them.I began to feel calmer.My thoughts didn't disappear, but they no longer held as much weight.They would pass by me like cars on the motorway.I learned to exist exactly as I was, and appreciate the world for exactly what it is. A．That's a big contradiction. B．I think they are not aware of it at all. C．Despite this, I am not actively against headphones. D．In the meanwhile, he also notes this control is two-sided. E．Birds' singing could be contributing to a culture of concentration. F．They can be heard despite the traffic if you listen out for them. G．Actually, many choose to tune into anything but the outside world when we're out. C (2025·河南省百师联盟高三二模) If you find that it's challenging to decrease your cellphone use, you should know that it's not because you have poor willpower.“It's hard to change your habits around your phone use because our phones are thoughtfully designed to attract our attention and make it difficult to turn away，” Catherine Price, author of How to Break Up with Your Phone, explains. 1 Think about your “why”．Price recommends that you figure out a positive goal to focus on.“In other words, ask yourself what you want to be spending your time and attention on，” Price said.You can also regard this as your “why”．Next, identify how your phone is interfering with your priorities. 2 So, if your priority is reading new books but you find yourself browsing social media instead, get your phone out of your bedroom. Turn on your phone's grayscale (灰度) setting.One way to make your phone less interesting is by turning on the grayscale feature.The bright colors and movement on a screen hit our dopamine (多巴胺) receptors that are of addictive qualities. 3 In fact, those who turned on their grayscale setting were less attracted to pick up their phone than those who did not use this tool. 4 The sound of incoming texts and emails is hard to ignore.“If you have your phone on loud and you have notifications going, the minute you see that screen light up or you hear that little ding, you immediately stop to check it，” Price says.It can be helpful to set your phone to silent mode to avoid this. Move your phone away from your body.When something is constantly within your sight, it's only natural to want to reach for it.Remember to get your phone away from your body and out of your view to fight this. 5 A．Put your phone on silent. B．Turn off non-essential notifications. C．So when the colors are less bright, you will be less addicted. D．Instead, they trick your brain into wanting to check your phone less. E．But there still are a number of effective ways to decrease your phone use. F．By doing that you can decide what you can do to focus on those priorities easily. G．You can try leaving your phone upstairs or in the kitchen while watching a movie. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题二　阅读七选五 第2讲　根据词汇复现解题 考点1 　原词复现题 【辨明题类】 复现是保证文章行文中前后衔接而经常使用的一种衔接手段，即表达相同意思、描述同一个概念的词汇在文章的上下文不同位置重复出现。 根据行文需要，文章中经常在后文中用前文中出现过的相同词语来衔接语义，这种现象叫作原词复现。原词复现也可以是同根词。 【技法点拨】 英语语篇在行文中第一句话的宾语，通常就是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)本身复现的方式来实现，解题时要格外注意有与空格前的句子中相同关键词汇的选项。 【真题体验】 (2025·全国Ⅱ卷) ●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. 38 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before. 【解题示范】　段首题。根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。选项“For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.”中的“For adults”对应“adults 55 and older”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health”，与本段的主题吻合。adult为原词复现。故选E。 考点2 　同义词、近义词或反义词复现题 【辨明题类】 文章中经常会使用词义相同或相近的词汇来表达同一个意思或概念，或者用来解释前一句话的意思，其根本目的只是避免在文中同一个词汇的重复使用。 文章上下文中有时会出现互为相反含义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。 【技法点拨】 1．关注选项中与空格前(有时是空格后)的句子中表达相同意思的同义词、近义词。 2．注意选项与空格前后句子语义上是否通顺合理。 3．在上下文或句中寻找反义词的复现。 【真题体验】 (2024·全国甲卷) Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating.And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 38 D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. 【解题示范】　段尾题。上文“It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.(如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，选项“Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.(相反，你应该选择健康的食物。)”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的healthy与上文中的unhealthy为反义词。故选E。 考点3 　代词指代题 【辨明题类】 英语表达中代词的出现率非常高，而代词的作用就是指代前面提及的名词，以避免重复；有时也可用代词指代前面一个句子(这两种情况也可以归类为复现)。 【技法点拨】 解题时注意空格前后或选项中出现的代词，充分利用代词的这种指代关系并根据代词的单复数差异，可以准确而快速地判定选项。常见代词：it，they/them，one(s)，this/that，these/those。 【真题体验】 (2025·浙江1月卷) Don't use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. 38 However, they're hearing it for the first time.Keep it simple. E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G．As the speaker, you already know what you're going to say. 【解题示范】　段中题。下文“However, they're hearing it for the first time.”与设空句之间是转折关系。选项“As the speaker, you already know what you're going to say.”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“what you're going to say”与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G。 A (2025·辽宁省重点中学协作校高三二模) Vertical farming, a method of growing plants in layered arrangements, is becoming an increasingly popular solution to urban food production challenges. 1 By using vertical space, it allows more food to be grown in smaller areas, making it ideal for cities with limited land. The first step in establishing a vertical farm is to choose a suitable location.Indoor spaces like warehouses, abandoned buildings, or even repurposed shipping containers are often used. 2 In such spaces, factors like light, temperature, and humidity can be precisely monitored and adjusted.This ensures that plants receive the right amount of light, water, and nutrients, regardless of outdoor weather conditions. Once the location is secured, a water-based or air-based growing system is set up to deliver water and nutrients directly to the plants' roots.These systems not only use significantly less water than traditional farming methods but also get rid of the need for soil and reduce the risk of pests. 3 Choosing the right crops is also crucial.Some plants, like leafy greens and herbs, have short growth cycles and require minimal space. 4 For instance, lettuce and basil are frequently grown in vertical farms, as they grow rapidly and are highly sought after in urban markets. 5 The initial setup costs for lighting, irrigation systems, and climate control can be high.However, the long-term benefits, such as reduced transportation costs and year-round production, often outweigh these expenses. A．These environments provide controlled conditions. B．It is an innovative approach to sustainable agriculture. C．Vertical farming has advantages but also faces challenges. D．This technology is still in its early stages of development. E．As a result, traditional farming methods are being replaced. F．These characteristics make them perfect for vertical farming. G．This makes vertical farming more efficient and eco-friendly. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是垂直农业的运作原理、核心要素及优缺点。 【解析】 1．B　段中题。空前“Vertical farming, a method of growing plants in layered arrangements, is becoming an increasingly popular solution to urban food production challenges.”介绍的是垂直农业的概念，空格处也应该是对垂直农业的介绍，B项“It is an innovative approach to sustainable agriculture.”中的it指代前面的Vertical farming，是对垂直农业的继续介绍，承接上文，符合语境。 2．A　段中题。空前“Indoor spaces like warehouses, abandoned buildings, or even repurposed shipping containers are often used.”说明的是垂直农业中经常使用的空间，和垂直农业的环境有关，空格处应该说为什么这些空间被经常使用，A项“These environments provide controlled conditions.”解释了为什么这些环境被经常利用，承接上文，符合语境。 3．G　段尾题。空前“Once the location is secured, a water-based or air-based growing system is set up to deliver water and nutrients directly to the plants' roots.These systems not only use significantly less water than traditional farming methods but also get rid of the need for soil and reduce the risk of pests.”说明的是一个水基或空气基生长系统的优势，空格处应该说这些优势会给垂直农业带来什么好处，G项“This makes vertical farming more efficient and eco-friendly.”说明前面的系统的优势使垂直农业更高效环保，承接上文，符合语境。 4．F　段中题。空前“Choosing the right crops is also crucial.Some plants, like leafy greens and herbs, have short growth cycles and require minimal space.”说明有的植物生长周期短，需要的空间很小，空格处应该说这些优点对于垂直农业有何意义，F项“These characteristics make them perfect for vertical farming.”说明空前所讲的特点使这些植物是垂直农业的完美选择，承接上文，符合语境。 5．C　段首题。空后“The initial setup costs for lighting, irrigation systems, and climate control can be high.”说明的是垂直农业的问题所在，也就是垂直农业也存在挑战，C项“Vertical farming has advantages but also faces challenges.”说明了垂直农业也面临挑战，引起下文，符合语境。 B (2025·河北省承德市、张家口市高三一模) Most of us struggle for self-respect.Any comments or experiences that weaken our feelings of self-worth can be uncomfortable.But the thing is, whether your self-worth really is being weakened is, to a large degree, subjective. 1 When you take things personally, you're interpreting these situations as saying something negative about you.Say your friends cancel your planned get-together. 2 Psychologists have a term for this mindset：personalisation.But the reality might be that your friends felt unwell that weekend. In examples like this, there's another process at work that psychologists call mind reading.This is when you assume to know what other people are thinking about you when you can't really know without asking them directly. 3 One simple way to avoid these mindsets is to challenge your negative assumptions.When you find yourself taking a situation personally, try to think of other interpretations that are less focused on you.When receiving criticism, try putting yourself in the other person's shoes. 4 For instance, the person giving feedback might also feel nervous about delivering it.This mindset can transform criticism into a learning opportunity and strengthen relationships. Wanting to be proud of yourself is healthy. 5 Try to take pride in your efforts, good intentions and achievements.This shift in focus will also help you become less sensitive and less likely to take things personally. A．But pride comes in different forms. B．Try to see yourself in a positive light. C．But they might think very highly of you. D．You may interpret this as meaning they're bored of you. E．Much of it depends on your perception of what someone said or did. F．When you do this, you'll be able to see things from their point of view. G．When assuming your friends are bored of you, you're engaging in mind reading. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我价值感的主观性，并提供了如何避免将事情个人化、挑战负面假设以及培养积极自我认知的建议。 【解析】 1．E　段尾题。上文“But the thing is, whether your self-worth really is being weakened is, to a large degree, subjective.”提到了主观因素，E项“这在很大程度上取决于你对别人所说或所做的事情的看法。”中it指代上文的主观因素，进一步对这种主观性进行解释。 2．D　段中题。上文“When you take things personally, you're interpreting these situations as saying something negative about you.Say your friends cancel your planned get-together.”提到朋友取消了计划好的聚会这种情况可能会被个人化，认为是别人对你产生了负面看法，D项“你可能会把这理解为他们厌倦你了。”中this指代上文“取消聚会”这件事情，展示了错误的个人化解读。 3．G　段尾题。上文“In examples like this, there's another process at work that psychologists call mind reading.”提到了读心术，G项“当你假设你的朋友对你感到厌烦时，你正在专注于读心术。”与上文呼应，mind reading是原词复现。 4．F　段中题。上文“When receiving criticism, try putting yourself in the other person's shoes.”提到了设身处地为别人着想，F项“当你这样做的时候，你就能从他们的角度看问题。”与上文构成顺承关系，体现换位思考，from their point of view和putting yourself in the other person's shoes是近义词复现。 5．A　段中题。上文“Wanting to be proud of yourself is healthy.”和下文“Try to take pride in your efforts, good intentions and achievements.”提到了有关自豪的内容，所以A项“但自豪有不同的形式。”能引起下文，与下文构成顺承关系，pride是原词复现。 C (2025·安徽省滁州市高三一模) Do you start something and then leave it midway？Do you feel an enthusiastic rush at the beginning but lose motivation after some time？If so, don't worry. 1 , thus keeping you inspired for a long time. Divide your task 2 .The fear of failing to accomplish enormous assignments on time may paralyse you.Also, if your work schedule is too tight, you'll end up doing nothing.It is always better to tear the whole task apart into achievable tasks.Achieving one task at a time will help fuel your enthusiasm. 3 People all have that one WHY inside which helps push one work hard to attain a certain goal.It can be anything like financial freedom, trying to prove yourself, a desire to make an impact or simply having something meaningful in life.Finding your WHY will help you connect with your goal on a deeper level. Visualize your success This is a mental exercise.Along the way, keep picturing your success and having a taste of it will help you stay hungry for more.Keep a record of everything that you do.You can write it in your journal and you can also record your next steps. 4 . Be flexible As things develop, sometimes you have to adjust according to them.You might have to make changes to your task map along the way. 5 , while being flexible keeps you moving on. A．Find your source B．Being stubborn just leads to frustration C．Try not to be alarmed at the task deadline D．Tracking your goals fuels your driving force E．It can be overwhelming to look at a task as a whole F．The following four methods can be adopted to sustain your motivation G．Here comes a four-part approach that can channel your inner enthusiasm 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种维持动力、激发热情的方法，包括分解任务、找到动力源、设想成功和保持灵活性。 【解析】 1．F　段中题。上文“Do you start something and then leave it midway？Do you feel an enthusiastic rush at the beginning but lose motivation after some time？If so, don't worry.”提出了开始做事后半途而废、失去动力的问题并表示别担心，空格处应是给出解决办法。F项“The following four methods can be adopted to sustain your motivation”符合语境，The following four methods引出了下文要介绍的四种方法，sustain your motivation对应上文失去动力的问题，有承上启下作用。 2．E　段首题。由小标题“Divide your task”及下文“The fear of failing to accomplish enormous assignments on time may paralyse you.”可知，把任务看成一个整体会带来不好的影响，所以要分解任务。E项“It can be overwhelming to look at a task as a whole”说明了整体看待任务的弊端，引出下文分解任务的原因。 3．A　小标题。下文“People all have that one WHY inside which helps push one work hard to attain a certain goal.”强调要找到推动自己努力的内在原因，即找到动力来源。A项“Find your source”能概括本段内容。 4．D　段尾题。由上文“Keep a record of everything that you do.You can write it in your journal and you can also record your next steps.”可知，记录所做的事和下一步计划很重要。D项“Tracking your goals fuels your driving force”中Track与上文Keep a record of是近义词复现，说明追踪目标(记录相关内容)能激发动力。 5．B　段中题。由小标题“Be flexible”及下文“while being flexible keeps you moving on”可知，这里是在对比固执和灵活的不同结果。B项“Being stubborn just leads to frustration”与下文形成对比，强调固执的坏处，突出灵活性的重要性。 D (2025·江西省九江市高三一模) You can help yourself make wiser choices by visualizing your future self.Below are three ideas to connect with your future self and enhance present decision-making. 1 Researchers have shown that visualizing future events can assist individuals in delaying immediate satisfaction.Interestingly, one doesn't need to consider the future rewards of such delay; just thinking about the future seems to work.For example, if you're trying to decide whether to start a project now or postpone it, picture yourself in routine future settings like grocery shopping or an upcoming meeting. 2 The more real and vivid the future feels, the more likely you are to make a decision that your future self won't regret. Send a message to your future self.FutureMe.org offers a unique service that allows individuals to send emails to their future selves, prompting them to picture what their future selves will be doing and how they will feel about the choices made now. 3 What are your hopes for your future self？What would your future self thank you for if you committed yourself to certain goals today？Psychologist Hal says that even briefly reflecting on what you'd write in such a letter can make you feel more connected to your future self. Imagine your future self. 4 In one experiment, couch potatoes were asked to imagine either a hoped-for future self who engages in regular exercise and enjoys good health or a feared future self who remains inactive and suffers from health problems.Astonishingly, both visualizations motivated them to get off the couch and exercise more frequently over the next two months compared to a control group that did not imagine a future self.To boost your willpower, imagine two possible future selves：one changing and benefiting and the other unchanging and suffering. 5 This can inspire positive changes and help learn from past experiences. A．Create a future memory. B．Visualize a future success. C．Avoid thinking about the future as it may lead to anxiety. D．Studies show that imagining your future self can increase your present self's willpower. E．Moreover, let yourself vividly daydream about how you feel for your past self's choices. F．Use this opportunity to tell your future self about your current plans to reach long-term goals. G．This practice sparks your brain to think more concretely about your current choices' consequences. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提出了一些与未来的自己联系在一起的三个想法，可以提高你现在的决策能力。 【解析】 1．A　段首题。根据本段“Researchers have shown that visualizing future events can assist individuals in delaying immediate satisfaction.Interestingly, one doesn't need to consider the future rewards of such delay; just thinking about the future seems to work.For example, if you're trying to decide whether to start a project now or postpone it, picture yourself in routine future settings like grocery shopping or an upcoming meeting.”可知，本段主要说明通过对未来的想象，建立对未来的记忆，从而提高决策能力。A项“创造未来的记忆。”符合语境。 2．G　段中题。上文“For example, if you're trying to decide whether to start a project now or postpone it, picture yourself in routine future settings like grocery shopping or an upcoming meeting.”给出了一个具体的例子，推测本句承接上文，说明这一做法所带来的影响。G项“这个练习会激发你的大脑更具体地思考你当前选择的后果。”符合语境。 3．F　段中题。根据上文“Send a message to your future self.FutureMe.org offers a unique service that allows individuals to send emails to their future selves, prompting them to picture what their future selves will be doing and how they will feel about the choices made now.”以及后文“What are your hopes for your future self？What would your future self thank you for if you committed yourself to certain goals today？Psychologist Hal says that even briefly reflecting on what you'd write in such a letter can make you feel more connected to your future self.”可知，后文列举的问题表明可以利用发送电子邮件这个服务反思自我，F项“利用这个机会告诉未来的自己，为了达到长期目标，你目前的计划是什么。”符合语境。 4．D　段中题。根据上文“Imagine your future self.”以及后文“In one experiment, couch potatoes were asked to imagine either a hoped-for future self who engages in regular exercise and enjoys good health or a feared future self who remains inactive and suffers from health problems.Astonishingly, both visualizations motivated them to get off the couch and exercise more frequently over the next two months compared to a control group that did not imagine a future self.”可知，后文的实验表明，通过想象未来的自己可以增加自己对于任务的坚持和意志力。D项“研究表明，想象未来的自己可以增强现在的自己的意志力。”中willpower和后文中willpower是原词复现。 5．E　段中题。根据上文“To boost your willpower, imagine two possible future selves：one changing and benefiting and the other unchanging and suffering.”以及后文“This can inspire positive changes and help learn from past experiences.”可知，本句是对上文的补充说明，论述其他增强意志力的方法，E项“此外，让你自己生动地做白日梦，想象你对过去自己的选择有什么感觉。”符合语境。 【限时训练】（限时：60分钟） A (2025·广东省大湾区高三一模) Meeting minutes are the official summary of what happened during a meeting.They serve as an outline, a written record for anyone unable to attend, and to use for future reference. 1 So how to write meeting minutes？Here are the basics you should follow. Be concise(简明的)． 2 As the minutes taker, your job is to document what is happening at the meeting.This is a written record that covers just the main points.You don't need an exact accounting of everything that is said. Just note the facts. Avoid personal observations when writing meeting minutes.If you want to take separate notes of your own, you are welcome to do so. 3 Some of this is boring information to keep track of：meeting names, date and time, action items and decisions made.But later on, those meeting notes may contain essential information to keep everyone on the same page about what happened during that meeting. 4 With meeting minutes, it's important to write down who attended the meeting, but also who didn't, so there is no confusion about who may have discussed or voted on an issue. Use a template(模版) for the right format. If you're writing formal meeting minutes, follow a certain format.For trade unions, schools, city and county governments, and others, you may need to follow Robert's Rules of Order.While writing informal meeting minutes, you have more flexibility. Think of what your organization needs, and what's been done in the past. 5 A．Note who is unable to attend. B．Then improve on that process. C．Don't include personal thoughts or observations. D．Your creative writing skills must take a back seat. E．But the meeting minutes should be a factual record of what was discussed. F．These notes typically highlight the key issues that were discussed at the meeting. G．When written well, meeting minutes are a critical communication tool for your organization. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写会议纪要的一些基本准则。 【解析】 1．G　段中题。上文“Meeting minutes are the official summary of what happened during a meeting.They serve as an outline, a written record for anyone unable to attend, and to use for future reference.”指出会议纪要很重要，下文“So how to write meeting minutes？”提出如何写会议纪要，由此可知，空处应与书写会议纪要有关，G项“如果写得好，会议纪要对于你的组织来说是一个重要的沟通工具。”引起下文。 2．D　段首题。下文“As the minutes taker, your job is to document what is happening at the meeting.This is a written record that covers just the main points.You don't need an exact accounting of everything that is said.”指出写会议纪要时要求准确，即不能加入个人创意，D项“你的创意写作技巧必须退居二线。”引起下文。 3．E　段中题。下文“Some of this is boring information to keep track of：meeting names, date and time, action items and decisions made.”具体指出写会议纪要时应该记的一些事实，E项“但会议纪要应该是所讨论内容的事实记录。”引起下文。 4．A　小标题。下文“With meeting minutes, it's important to write down who attended the meeting, but also who didn't, so there is no confusion about who may have discussed or voted on an issue.”指出要记录下谁无法参加会议，A项“请注意谁无法参加。”能概括本段内容，适合作本段小标题。 5．B　段尾题。上文“While writing informal meeting minutes, you have more flexibility.Think of what your organization needs, and what's been done in the past.”指出撰写非正式会议纪要时你有很大灵活性，可以想想你的组织需要什么，以及过去做了什么，空处也应承接上文，指出如何灵活地撰写非正式会议纪要，B项“然后改进该过程。”符合题意。 B (2025·辽宁省名校联盟高三一模) In Manchester, you'll be hardly pressed to spot anybody in the city center not wearing a pair of headphones. 1 But increasingly I've begun to question exactly why. Michael Bull, professor of sound studies at the University of Sussex believes our reliance on headphones can be explained by human's motivation：a need for control. 2 While headphone users often describe themselves as being freer, he says, “They are dependent on the machine for that to be true; they're locked into the world and the medium they're using. 3 You're being manipulated(操控), but the manipulation creates a sense of freedom.” When we block out the noises of the city which we consider negative, we also block out the noise of the natural world. As for me, I always hear the birds singing on the way to my gym. 4 And there is something quite lovely about hearing the city clearly.Using headphones, particularly to listen to music is a way to “beautify our experience” to make things seem more beautiful and pleasurable.But there is pleasure in the real world, too. 5 They can be a means for focus and productivity, and for those with sensory processing issues, they can prove invaluable.But something magical happened when I chose not to wear them.I began to feel calmer.My thoughts didn't disappear, but they no longer held as much weight.They would pass by me like cars on the motorway.I learned to exist exactly as I was, and appreciate the world for exactly what it is. A．That's a big contradiction. B．I think they are not aware of it at all. C．Despite this, I am not actively against headphones. D．In the meanwhile, he also notes this control is two-sided. E．Birds' singing could be contributing to a culture of concentration. F．They can be heard despite the traffic if you listen out for them. G．Actually, many choose to tune into anything but the outside world when we're out. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人们在日常生活中使用耳机的原因及影响。 【解析】 1．G　段中题。根据上文“In Manchester, you'll be hardly pressed to spot anybody in the city center not wearing a pair of headphones.”可知，在曼彻斯特市中心，戴耳机的人很常见；根据下文“But increasingly I've begun to question exactly why.”可知，作者开始思考人们为什么如此依赖耳机。由此可推断出，空处应该讲述人们使用耳机时的一个常见现象，即人们使用耳机时往往会忽略外界的声音。所以选项G“实际上，当我们外出时，许多人选择收听任何东西，除了外界的声音。”符合语境。 2．D　段尾题。根据上文“Michael Bull, professor of sound studies at the University of Sussex believes our reliance on headphones can be explained by human's motivation：a need for control.”可知，上文提到了人们对耳机的依赖源于对控制的需求。空处应该进一步解释这种控制的具体表现或特点。选项D“同时，他也指出这种控制是双面的。”符合语境。 3．A　段中题。根据上文“While headphone users often describe themselves as being freer, he says, ‘They are dependent on the machine for that to be true; they're locked into the world and the medium they're using.’”可知，耳机用户虽然感觉更自由，但实际上却依赖于耳机。根据下文“You're being manipulated, but the manipulation creates a sense of freedom.”可知，耳机带来的自由感其实是一种被操纵的自由。由此可知，上下文之间存在一种转折关系，即耳机用户虽然感觉自由，但实际上却被耳机所操纵。选项A“这是一个很大的矛盾。”符合语境。 4．F　段中题。根据上文“As for me, I always hear the birds singing on the way to my gym.”可知，作者在去健身房的路上能听到鸟儿的歌声。根据下文“And there is something quite lovely about hearing the city clearly.”可知，作者认为清晰地听到城市的声音是一件很美妙的事情。由此可推断出，空处应该进一步描述作者能听到鸟儿歌声的情况或感受。选项F“如果你仔细听，尽管交通嘈杂，你还是能听到它们的声音。”符合语境，既承接了上文提到的鸟儿歌声，又为下文描述听到城市声音的美妙做了铺垫。 5．C　段首题。根据下文“They can be a means for focus and productivity, and for those with sensory processing issues, they can prove invaluable.”可知，耳机有积极作用和价值。由此可推断出，空白处应该表达作者对耳机并不持完全反对的态度。选项C“尽管如此，我并不积极反对耳机。”符合语境。 C (2025·河南省百师联盟高三二模) If you find that it's challenging to decrease your cellphone use, you should know that it's not because you have poor willpower.“It's hard to change your habits around your phone use because our phones are thoughtfully designed to attract our attention and make it difficult to turn away，” Catherine Price, author of How to Break Up with Your Phone, explains. 1 Think about your “why”．Price recommends that you figure out a positive goal to focus on.“In other words, ask yourself what you want to be spending your time and attention on，” Price said.You can also regard this as your “why”．Next, identify how your phone is interfering with your priorities. 2 So, if your priority is reading new books but you find yourself browsing social media instead, get your phone out of your bedroom. Turn on your phone's grayscale (灰度) setting.One way to make your phone less interesting is by turning on the grayscale feature.The bright colors and movement on a screen hit our dopamine (多巴胺) receptors that are of addictive qualities. 3 In fact, those who turned on their grayscale setting were less attracted to pick up their phone than those who did not use this tool. 4 The sound of incoming texts and emails is hard to ignore.“If you have your phone on loud and you have notifications going, the minute you see that screen light up or you hear that little ding, you immediately stop to check it，” Price says.It can be helpful to set your phone to silent mode to avoid this. Move your phone away from your body.When something is constantly within your sight, it's only natural to want to reach for it.Remember to get your phone away from your body and out of your view to fight this. 5 A．Put your phone on silent. B．Turn off non-essential notifications. C．So when the colors are less bright, you will be less addicted. D．Instead, they trick your brain into wanting to check your phone less. E．But there still are a number of effective ways to decrease your phone use. F．By doing that you can decide what you can do to focus on those priorities easily. G．You can try leaving your phone upstairs or in the kitchen while watching a movie. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何减少手机使用的方法。 【解析】 1．E　段尾题。上文“‘It's hard to change your habits around your phone use because our phones are thoughtfully designed to attract our attention and make it difficult to turn away，’ Catherine Price, author of How to Break Up with Your Phone, explains.”指出改变使用手机习惯困难的原因，E项“But there still are a number of effective ways to decrease your phone use.”中的But表转折，引出下文介绍减少手机使用的方法，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 2．F　段中题。上文“Price recommends that you figure out a positive goal to focus on.‘In other words, ask yourself what you want to be spending your time and attention on，’ Price said.You can also regard this as your ‘why’．Next, identify how your phone is interfering with your priorities.”讲述了确定目标和优先事项以及手机对其的干扰，结合下文的“So, if your priority is reading new books but you find yourself browsing social media instead, get your phone out of your bedroom.”可知，此空与下文的内容因果关系，F项“By doing that you can decide what you can do to focus on those priorities easily.”中的that 指代上文确定目标和优先事项等行为，进一步说明这样做的好处，承接上文，且与下文的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。 3．C　段中题。上文“One way to make your phone less interesting is by turning on the grayscale feature.The bright colors and movement on a screen hit our dopamine (多巴胺) receptors that are of addictive qualities.”介绍了打开灰度功能的作用原理，C项“So when the colors are less bright, you will be less addicted.”承接上文，说明打开灰度功能后颜色不鲜艳会减少成瘾性，符合语境。 4．A　段首题。分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主旨句，结合其他段落的首句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据下文“The sound of incoming texts and emails is hard to ignore.‘If you have your phone on loud and you have notifications going, the minute you see that screen light up or you hear that little ding, you immediately stop to check it，’ Price says.It can be helpful to set your phone to silent mode to avoid this.”主要讲述手机声音的干扰以及设置静音模式的作用，A项“Put your phone on silent.”为祈使句，且准确概括了该段内容，适合作为本段主旨句，符合语境。 5．G　段尾题。上文“When something is constantly within your sight, it's only natural to want to reach for it.Remember to get your phone away from your body and out of your view to fight this.”强调要把手机拿开并使其离开视线，G项“You can try leaving your phone upstairs or in the kitchen while watching a movie.”是把手机拿开并使其离开视线的具体做法，承接上文，且与本段的主旨句“Move your phone away from your body.”讲述的内容一致。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $