Unit 8 Green Living v.-ing和v.-ed形式（单元核心语法精练）英语北师大版必修第三册

Unit 8 Green Living 核心语法精练（v.-ing和v.-ed形式） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单句语法填空（词汇语法全考查） 4 二、句型转换 8 三、语法与写作 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 13 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 14 （1） 分词语法体系总览 类别 核心形式 语法意义 例句 现在分词 一般式：doing 表示主动、进行的动作 The girl writing a letter is my sister. 被动一般式：being done 表示正在被进行的动作 The bridge being built will open next month. 完成式：having done 表示主动、完成的动作（先于谓语） Having finished his work, he went home. 完成被动式：having been done 表示被动、完成的动作（先于谓语） Having been warned, he drove carefully. 过去分词 done 表示被动、完成的动作或状态 I borrowed a book written by Lu Xun. （2） 分词的句法功能 句法功能 用法说明 现在分词 过去分词 例句 作定语 修饰名词 主动、进行 被动、完成 a sleeping baby / a broken window 位置：单个分词多前置，分词短语需后置The man standing there is my teacher. 作状语 可表时间、原因、条件等 与主语是主动关系 与主语是被动关系 Hearing the news, he jumped. (原因) 可与连词连用 (when, while, if等) 作宾语补足语 位于感官/使役动词后 表主动、进行 表被动、完成 I heard her singing. / I had my bike repaired. 作表语 位于系动词后 说明主语特征 (“令人…的”) 说明主语状态 (“感到…的”) The news is exciting. / We were excited. 其他独立成分 固定表达，逻辑主语可不一致 Generally speaking, it’s a good idea. 一、单句语法填空（词汇语法全考查） 1. ________ (face) with severe air pollution, the government has launched a new clean-air action plan. 2. The new law aims to reduce the carbon dioxide ________ (release) by factories. 3. ________ (recycle) waste paper and plastic is an effective way to protect our environment. 4. Many people were deeply ________ (move) by the documentary about wildlife protection. 5. We saw a bird ________ (build) its nest in the tree outside our window. 6. The project, ________ (aim) at promoting green transportation, has gained public support. 7. ________ (inspire) by the speech, the students decided to start a club to clean up the campus. 8. The ________ (pollute) river used to be a source of drinking water for the village. 9. He kept the water ________ (run) while brushing his teeth, which was a waste. 10. ________ (complete) the energy-saving report, she submitted it to the committee. 11. The problems ________ (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting are crucial for our city’s green plan. 12. She walked into the room, ________ (carry) a pile of books on environmental science. 13. The ________ (fall) leaves were collected and turned into compost for the garden. 14. ________ (not know) how to dispose of the used batteries properly, he asked for help. 15. The air in the forest felt fresh and ________ (invigorate). 16. They had their old car engine ________ (replace) with a more efficient one. 17. ________ (raise) public awareness is the first step towards successful recycling. 18. The little boy sat on the grass, ________ (watch) the butterflies flying among the flowers. 19. Do you hear the wind ________ (howl) outside? It seems a storm is coming. 20. ________ (exhaust) after a long day planting trees, the volunteers rested under a big tree. 21. The quickest ________ (use) route to the park is along the bicycle lane. 22. ________ (warn) about the dangers of plastic waste, many companies are seeking alternatives. 23. The news about the successful clean-up of the lake was ________ (encourage) to everyone. 24. He found himself ________ (lose) in the large national park without a map. 25. ________ (live) in a city with good air quality has significantly improved her health. 26. The ________ (break) glass bottles should be put into the recycling bin carefully. 27. ________ (determine) to reduce his carbon footprint, he cycles to work every day. 28. The teacher had us ________ (write) an essay on the topic of sustainable development. 29. ________ (compare) with traditional energy, solar power is much cleaner. 30. The ________ (grow) trend of urban gardening brings city dwellers closer to nature. 二、句型转换 1．1．The people who are waiting for the bus are talking with each other. →The people ___________________ are talking with each other. 2．As he was absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. →______________________, John didn't notice evening approaching. 3．The witness who was questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. →The witness ___________________________ gave very different descriptions of the fight. 4．Over the past ten months，I have been working deep into the night.Therefore，I believe I can succeed and enter an ideal college. →_____________________ deep into the night for ten months, I believe I can succeed and enter an ideal college. 5．The sun shines brightly in the sky，and gives us light and heat. →The sun shines brightly in the sky, ___________________________． 6. Because the government was faced with severe pollution, it launched a new clean-air action plan. →________________________________, the government launched a new clean-air action plan. 7. The river which is seriously polluted can no longer provide drinking water. →The _________________________________ river can no longer provide drinking water. 8. After they were inspired by the environmental speech, the students started a green club. →_________________________________________, the students started a green club. 9. We saw that a bird was building its nest in the tree, which was a heartwarming sight. →We saw a bird ___________________________________, a heartwarming sight. 10. After she had completed the energy-saving report, she submitted it immediately. →___________________________________________________, she submitted it immediately. 三、语法与写作 1．他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。 He stood there silently, _____________________． 2．全班同学都盯着他，他感到更不自然了。 He felt more uneasy _____________________________． 3．刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。 _________________________________________ by a car just now. 4．说实话，他告诉我们的事情确实听起来令人信服。 To be honest, what he told us does ________________________． 5．他每天都很晚到学校，这让他的老师很生气。 He arrives at school very late every day, __________________________________． 6. 面对日益严重的电子垃圾问题，我们必须立即采取行动，推广循环经济。 __________________________________________, we must take immediate action to promote a circular economy. 7. 政府出台了一项旨在减少塑料污染的新政策，受到了公众的广泛欢迎。 The government has introduced a new policy ___________________________, ____________________________. 8. 深受那部关于气候变化的纪录片启发，许多年轻人加入了环保组织。 ____________________________________________________, many young people have joined environmental organizations. 9. 志愿者们沿着河岸行走，仔细地清理沿途的垃圾。 The volunteers walked along the riverbank, ________________________________________________________. 10. 如果得到更多的公众支持和资金，这个社区花园项目将会取得更大的成功。 _________________________________________, this community garden project will achieve greater success. 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Lesson 1 Most people suffer from 1._______ is known as “Just-me-ism”. As a result, they think their actions, for example, leaving the tap 2.__________(run) while they brush their teeth, leaving a light burning when they go out or dropping a piece of litter and not being bothered 3.___________(pick) it up, won't be harmful 4._____ the environment or their community. But, in fact, they will and they could matter. Roots & Shoots 5.___________________(establish) in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall, who's well-known as 6._____ expert on wild chimpanzees. Its purpose is 7._______________(educate) young people to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature. The idea is that if you educate enough 8._______________(individual), they can change the world and make it a 9.___________(good) place for people, animals and the environment because as Dr. Jane Goodall says：“It is by acting together, in this exciting way, 10._______ we can involve thousands-millions-of people, and this is what is going to change the world.” 2. Lesson 3 Amsterdam is a city where people enjoy 1.___________(cycle) because it's flat.Cycling fans in Amsterdam first had the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s.They painted hundreds of bikes white and left them around the city centre for anybody 2._________(use) because they were 3.____________(hope) that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. 4._________________(fortunate), in a matter of weeks, the “white bikes” all 5._______________(disappear). In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with some hightech security measures，for example，a computer tracking system.Now bike-sharing programmes 6._______ “white bikes” have become popular all around the world, 7.___________(include) China，8._______ more and more people use shared bikes in cities.But problems do sometimes develop，like the stealing of bikes and 9.____________(park) issues.However，people are trying different ways 10.____________(find) solutions to those problems. 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （25-26高一上·四川泸州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Each day at 9:30 a.m., the kitchen of Chenjiuye Noodle Shop slowly comes to life. Zhonghang is one of the eight employees with hearing impairment (听力障碍). They are running this 1 (nice) decorated neighborhood noodle shop in Zhengzhou, Henan Province. By 11:00 a.m., the first customers enter. They 2 (greet) by the waiting staff not with a shouted welcome, but with hearty smiles. By noon, the restaurant is full of people — it has stayed busy during every rush hour since it opened on June 27. A customer stepped up to the counter and 3 (ask), “Hello! How do I order?” The staff behind the counter smiled, pointed to her ear, and waved her hands. For newcomers, the moment might be 4 (puzzle) at first, but it doesn’t take long to understand: communication here takes a different form. Communication here is both simple and 5 (effect). A gesture, a smile, and a tap on the shoulder all get across the message perfectly. Meimei, head of the shop, shared in sign language, “Some first-time customers may sit 6 wait for about 15 minutes, repeatedly calling out for service. Since we can’t hear, we don’t respond, 7 can upset them. But once they realize we are deaf, most of them apologize. ” QR code ordering is now popular across Chinese 8 (restaurant). Yet in this noodle shop, the modern convenience truly plays an empowering role. It enables the hearing-impaired 9 (work) independently, even in a service role that demands non-stop interaction, opening 10 door for this community to a world beyond silence. B （25-26高一上·新疆克拉玛依·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over 1,300 meters high. Kanas is known as a National Natural Reserve. It 1 (show) people a wonderful mix of clean lakes, green forests, and grand mountains. This special area is 2 safe place for many kinds of animals and plants. Kanas gets its name from the Tuwa word for “lake in the valley”, It looks like a beautiful painting with its clear lakes, wide grasslands, and lovely woods. The area is home 3 the hard-to-find lynx (猞猁)，the pretty red deer, and many other animals that live 4 (safe) in this untouched place. The beauty of Kanas comes from its different views. These include the famous Kanas Lake, Moon Bay (月亮湾) and Baihaba Village. Each one gives a special view of nature’s greatness. Kanas Lake 5 (surround) by snowy mountain tops and has deep blue water. This creates an astonishing mirror image that amazes people 6 see it. Moon Bay is a peaceful, moon-shaped bay. It attracts 7 (visitor) with its calm feeling and wide views of the nearby mountains. Kanas National Natural Reserve shows how beautiful nature can be, with pure lakes and 8 (amaze) views. Hemu Village, 9 is on the Hemu Grassland, adds a traditional traveling feeling to the area. Among the mountains, forests, and grasslands, Kanas is a place full of natural wonders. It invites travelers 10 (enjoy) the peace and beauty of this pretty, untouched wonderland. C （2024·江西·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Using needles to help life’s energy flow For thousands of years, the Chinese have relieved pain and cured disease through acupuncture (针灸). 1 (evolve) from the discovery that using stone needles to prick specific points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms, acupuncture has become 2 integral part of traditional Chinese medicine, in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature. According to Records of the Grand Historian, 3 (write) by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a highly skilled 4 (physical) during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having saved a prince from “death” by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint on the head of the unconscious man. According to TCM (中医), there are a dozen meridians (经脉) in the human body, 5 the qi, or life energy, circulates to nourish the organs. Cold, infections or diseases can result in blocking of the energy, and so stimulating the acupoints can unblock stagnant (不流动的) qi, restore normal circulation and improve health. Today, acupuncture is still 6 (wide) used in China. In 2010, UNESCO inscribed acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yet, the practice is not just cultural and historical, 7 a medical technique widely used and researched today. For years, 8 the clear therapeutic effects of acupuncture in treating many diseases, there were few convincing studies that explained how acupoint stimulation worked, or what meridians were anatomically speaking, so the technique always seemed somewhat 9 (mystery). However, as scientific research of acupuncture 10 (grow) in recent years, producing good quality results, the technique is gaining traction around the world. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Green Living 核心语法精练（v.-ing和v.-ed形式） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单句语法填空（词汇语法全考查） 4 二、句型转换 8 三、语法与写作 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 13 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 14 （1） 分词语法体系总览 类别 核心形式 语法意义 例句 现在分词 一般式：doing 表示主动、进行的动作 The girl writing a letter is my sister. 被动一般式：being done 表示正在被进行的动作 The bridge being built will open next month. 完成式：having done 表示主动、完成的动作（先于谓语） Having finished his work, he went home. 完成被动式：having been done 表示被动、完成的动作（先于谓语） Having been warned, he drove carefully. 过去分词 done 表示被动、完成的动作或状态 I borrowed a book written by Lu Xun. （2） 分词的句法功能 句法功能 用法说明 现在分词 过去分词 例句 作定语 修饰名词 主动、进行 被动、完成 a sleeping baby / a broken window 位置：单个分词多前置，分词短语需后置The man standing there is my teacher. 作状语 可表时间、原因、条件等 与主语是主动关系 与主语是被动关系 Hearing the news, he jumped. (原因) 可与连词连用 (when, while, if等) 作宾语补足语 位于感官/使役动词后 表主动、进行 表被动、完成 I heard her singing. / I had my bike repaired. 作表语 位于系动词后 说明主语特征 (“令人…的”) 说明主语状态 (“感到…的”) The news is exciting. / We were excited. 其他独立成分 固定表达，逻辑主语可不一致 Generally speaking, it’s a good idea. 一、单句语法填空（词汇语法全考查） 1. ________ (face) with severe air pollution, the government has launched a new clean-air action plan. 【答案】Faced 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意：面对严重的空气污染，政府启动了一项新的清洁空气行动计划。主语“the government”与动词“face”之间是被动关系（政府被置于污染面前），且表示一种状态，故用过去分词“Faced”。固定短语“be faced with”的分词形式。 2. The new law aims to reduce the carbon dioxide ________ (release) by factories. 【答案】released 【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：这项新法律旨在减少工厂排放的二氧化碳。名词“carbon dioxide”与动词“release”之间是动宾关系（二氧化碳被排放），需用过去分词表被动。分词短语“released by factories”后置修饰名词。 3. ________ (recycle) waste paper and plastic is an effective way to protect our environment. 【答案】Recycling 【详解】考查动名词（v.-ing形式）作主语。句意：回收废纸和塑料是保护环境的有效方式。动词“recycle”放在句首作主语，表示一个泛指的活动或行为，应用其名词形式，即动名词“Recycling”。 4. Many people were deeply ________ (move) by the documentary about wildlife protection. 【答案】moved 【详解】考查过去分词作表语。句意：许多人被那部关于野生动物保护的纪录片深深感动了。主语“people”与动词“move”之间是被动关系（人被纪录片感动），且位于系动词“were”后描述主语的状态，故用过去分词“moved”。 5. We saw a bird ________ (build) its nest in the tree outside our window. 【答案】building 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意：我们看到一只鸟在窗外的树上筑巢。在感官动词“saw”后，宾语“a bird”与动词“build”是主动关系（鸟自己筑巢），且强调动作正在进行，故用现在分词“building”。 6. The project, ________ (aim) at promoting green transportation, has gained public support. 【答案】aiming 【详解】考查现在分词短语作非限制性定语。句意：这个旨在推广绿色交通的项目，已经获得了公众的支持。主语“The project”与动词“aim”是主动关系（项目本身旨在…），分词短语相当于一个非限制性定语从句“which aims at…”，故用现在分词“aiming”。 7. ________ (inspire) by the speech, the students decided to start a club to clean up the campus. 【答案】Inspired 【详解】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：受演讲的启发，学生们决定成立一个清洁校园的俱乐部。主语“the students”与动词“inspire”是被动关系（学生被演讲启发），故用过去分词“Inspired”表原因。 8. The ________ (pollute) river used to be a source of drinking water for the village. 【答案】polluted 【详解】考查过去分词作前置定语。句意：这条被污染的河流曾经是村庄的饮用水源。名词“river”与动词“pollute”是动宾关系（河流被污染），且修饰语为单个分词，故用过去分词“polluted”前置修饰。 9. He kept the water ________ (run) while brushing his teeth, which was a waste. 【答案】running 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意：他刷牙时让水一直流着，这很浪费。在使役动词“kept”后，宾语“the water”与动词“run”是主动关系（水自己流），且表示状态持续，故用现在分词“running”。 10. ________ (complete) the energy-saving report, she submitted it to the committee. 【答案】Having completed 【详解】考查现在分词的完成式作时间状语。句意：完成节能报告后，她将其提交给了委员会。主语“she”与动词“complete”是主动关系，且“完成报告”的动作发生在谓语“submitted”之前，故用现在分词的完成式“Having completed”。 11. The problems ________ (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting are crucial for our city’s green plan. 【答案】to be discussed 【详解】考查不定式的被动式作后置定语。句意：明天会议上将被讨论的问题对我们城市的绿色计划至关重要。名词“problems”与动词“discuss”是动宾关系，且讨论的动作发生在将来（tomorrow），故用不定式的被动式“to be discussed”表将来和被动。 12. She walked into the room, ________ (carry) a pile of books on environmental science. 【答案】carrying 【详解】考查现在分词短语作伴随状语。句意：她走进房间，拿着一摞环境科学的书。主语“She”与动词“carry”是主动关系，且“拿着书”是伴随“走进”的另一个动作，故用现在分词“carrying”。 13. The ________ (fall) leaves were collected and turned into compost for the garden. 【答案】fallen 【详解】考查过去分词作前置定语。句意：落下的树叶被收集起来，制成花园的堆肥。不及物动词“fall”的过去分词“fallen”表示已完成的状态（叶子已经落下），作形容词使用，修饰“leaves”。 14. ________ (not know) how to dispose of the used batteries properly, he asked for help. 【答案】Not knowing 【详解】考查现在分词的否定式作原因状语。句意：不知道如何正确处理废旧电池，他寻求了帮助。主语“he”与动词“know”是主动关系，分词短语表原因。分词的否定式是在其前直接加“Not”。 15. The air in the forest felt fresh and ________ (invigorate). 【答案】invigorating 【详解】考查形容词化的现在分词作表语。句意：森林里的空气感觉清新且令人振奋。主语“The air”是物，描述其特征是“使人振奋的”，应用表示“令人…”的现在分词“invigorating”。 16. They had their old car engine ________ (replace) with a more efficient one. 【答案】replaced 【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：他们请人把旧汽车发动机更换成了一个更高效的。在“have sth. done”结构中，宾语“engine”与动词“replace”是动宾关系（发动机被更换），且表示让他人完成此动作，故用过去分词“replaced”。 17. ________ (raise) public awareness is the first step towards successful recycling. 【答案】Raising 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：提高公众意识是成功推行回收的第一步。动词“raise”放在句首作主语，表示一个抽象活动，应用其名词形式，即动名词“Raising”。 18. The little boy sat on the grass, ________ (watch) the butterflies flying among the flowers. 【答案】watching 【详解】考查现在分词短语作伴随状语。句意：小男孩坐在草地上，看着蝴蝶在花丛中飞舞。主语“boy”与动词“watch”是主动关系，“看着”是伴随“坐”的另一个动作，故用现在分词“watching”。 19. Do you hear the wind ________ (howl) outside? It seems a storm is coming. 【答案】howling 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意：你听到外面风在呼啸吗？好像暴风雨要来了。在感官动词“hear”后，宾语“the wind”与动词“howl”是主动关系（风自己呼啸），且强调正在发生，故用现在分词“howling”。 20. ________ (exhaust) after a long day planting trees, the volunteers rested under a big tree. 【答案】Exhausted 【详解】考查过去分词作原因状语。句意：劳累了一整天种树之后，志愿者们在一棵大树下休息。主语“volunteers”与动词“exhaust”是被动关系（志愿者们感到筋疲力尽），描述状态，故用过去分词“Exhausted”。 21. The quickest ________ (use) route to the park is along the bicycle lane. 【答案】used 【详解】考查过去分词作前置定语。句意：去公园最常使用的路线是沿着自行车道。名词“route”与动词“use”是动宾关系（路线被人们使用），故用过去分词“used”修饰。这里“used”已形容词化，意为“常用的”。 22. ________ (warn) about the dangers of plastic waste, many companies are seeking alternatives. 【答案】Warned 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意：被警告塑料垃圾的危害后，许多公司正在寻找替代品。主语“companies”与动词“warn”是被动关系（公司被警告），故用过去分词“Warned”。可与第7题对比，都是“过去分词+about”结构。 23. The news about the successful clean-up of the lake was ________ (encourage) to everyone. 【答案】encouraging 【详解】考查形容词化的现在分词作表语。句意：关于湖泊成功清理的消息对每个人来说都很鼓舞人心。主语“The news”是物，描述其特征是“令人鼓舞的”，应用现在分词“encouraging”。 24. He found himself ________ (lose) in the large national park without a map. 【答案】lost 【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：他发现自己在一个大型国家公园里迷路了，没有地图。在“find oneself + 宾补”结构中，宾语“himself”与动词“lose”是动宾关系（他自己迷路了），描述状态，故用过去分词“lost”。 25. ________ (live) in a city with good air quality has significantly improved her health. 【答案】Living 【详解】考查动名词短语作主语。句意：居住在一个空气质量好的城市里，显著改善了她的健康。动词“live”及其宾语和状语构成的短语“Living in a city…”作句子的主语，故用动名词“Living”。 26. The ________ (break) glass bottles should be put into the recycling bin carefully. 【答案】broken 【详解】考查过去分词作前置定语。句意：破碎的玻璃瓶应被小心地放入回收箱。名词“bottles”与动词“break”是动宾关系（瓶子被打破），故用过去分词“broken”修饰。 27. ________ (determine) to reduce his carbon footprint, he cycles to work every day. 【答案】Determined 【详解】考查形容词化的过去分词作原因状语。句意：决心减少碳足迹，他每天骑自行车上班。主语“he”与动词“determine”是被动关系（他下定了决心）， “Determined”已形容词化，意为“有决心的”，在此作状语表原因。 28. The teacher had us ________ (write) an essay on the topic of sustainable development. 【答案】write 【详解】考查省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。句意：老师让我们写一篇关于可持续发展的文章。在“have sb. do sth.”结构中，表示“让某人做某事”，宾语“us”与动词“write”是主动关系，且是去做一个具体的动作，应用省略to的动词不定式“write”。注意：此题为特意设置的干扰项，旨在提醒学生并非所有动词后都接分词作宾补。“have”表示“让、叫”时，宾补用do（主动）或done（被动）。 29. ________ (compare) with traditional energy, solar power is much cleaner. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意：与传统能源相比，太阳能要清洁得多。主语“solar power”与动词“compare”是被动关系（太阳能被拿来比较），且“compared with”是固定短语，故用过去分词“Compared”。 30. The ________ (grow) trend of urban gardening brings city dwellers closer to nature. 【答案】growing 【详解】考查现在分词作前置定语。句意：城市园艺的日益增长的趋势让城市居民更接近自然。名词“trend”与动词“grow”是主动关系（趋势自身在增长），且表示正在进行，故用现在分词“growing”修饰。 二、句型转换 1．1．The people who are waiting for the bus are talking with each other. →The people waiting for the bus are talking with each other. 2．As he was absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. →Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. 3．The witness who was questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. →The witness questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. 4．Over the past ten months，I have been working deep into the night.Therefore，I believe I can succeed and enter an ideal college. →Having been working deep into the night for ten months, I believe I can succeed and enter an ideal college. 5．The sun shines brightly in the sky，and gives us light and heat. →The sun shines brightly in the sky, giving us light and heat． 6. Because the government was faced with severe pollution, it launched a new clean-air action plan. →Faced with severe pollution, the government launched a new clean-air action plan. 7. The river which is seriously polluted can no longer provide drinking water. →The seriously polluted river can no longer provide drinking water. 8. After they were inspired by the environmental speech, the students started a green club. →Inspired by the environmental speech, the students started a green club. 9. We saw that a bird was building its nest in the tree, which was a heartwarming sight. →We saw a bird building its nest in the tree, a heartwarming sight. 10. After she had completed the energy-saving report, she submitted it immediately. →Having completed the energy-saving report, she submitted it immediately. 三、语法与写作 1．他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。 He stood there silently, moved to tears． 2．全班同学都盯着他，他感到更不自然了。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him． 3．刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。 I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. 4．说实话，他告诉我们的事情确实听起来令人信服。 To be honest, what he told us does sound convincing． 5．他每天都很晚到学校，这让他的老师很生气。 He arrives at school very late every day, making his teacher very angry． 6. 面对日益严重的电子垃圾问题，我们必须立即采取行动，推广循环经济。 Faced with the growing problem of e-waste, we must take immediate action to promote a circular economy. 7. 政府出台了一项旨在减少塑料污染的新政策，受到了公众的广泛欢迎。 The government has introduced a new policy aiming to reduce plastic pollution, widely welcomed by the public. 8. 深受那部关于气候变化的纪录片启发，许多年轻人加入了环保组织。 Deeply inspired by the documentary on climate change, many young people have joined environmental organizations. 9. 志愿者们沿着河岸行走，仔细地清理沿途的垃圾。 The volunteers walked along the riverbank, carefully collecting litter along the way. 10. 如果得到更多的公众支持和资金，这个社区花园项目将会取得更大的成功。 Given more public support and funding, this community garden project will achieve greater success. 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Lesson 1 Most people suffer from 1.what is known as “Just-me-ism”. As a result, they think their actions, for example, leaving the tap 2.running(run) while they brush their teeth, leaving a light burning when they go out or dropping a piece of litter and not being bothered 3.to pick(pick) it up, won't be harmful 4.to the environment or their community. But, in fact, they will and they could matter. Roots & Shoots 5.was established(establish) in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall, who's well-known as 6.an expert on wild chimpanzees. Its purpose is 7.to educate(educate) young people to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature. The idea is that if you educate enough 8.individuals(individual), they can change the world and make it a 9.better(good) place for people, animals and the environment because as Dr. Jane Goodall says：“It is by acting together, in this exciting way, 10.that we can involve thousands-millions-of people, and this is what is going to change the world.” 2. Lesson 3 Amsterdam is a city where people enjoy 1.cycling(cycle) because it's flat.Cycling fans in Amsterdam first had the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s.They painted hundreds of bikes white and left them around the city centre for anybody 2.to use(use) because they were 3.hopeful(hope) that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. 4.Unfortunately(fortunate), in a matter of weeks, the “white bikes” all 5.disappeared(disappear). In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with some hightech security measures，for example，a computer tracking system.Now bike-sharing programmes 6.like “white bikes” have become popular all around the world, 7.including(include) China，8.where more and more people use shared bikes in cities.But problems do sometimes develop，like the stealing of bikes and 9.parking(park) issues.However，people are trying different ways 10.to find(find) solutions to those problems. 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （25-26高一上·四川泸州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Each day at 9:30 a.m., the kitchen of Chenjiuye Noodle Shop slowly comes to life. Zhonghang is one of the eight employees with hearing impairment (听力障碍). They are running this 1 (nice) decorated neighborhood noodle shop in Zhengzhou, Henan Province. By 11:00 a.m., the first customers enter. They 2 (greet) by the waiting staff not with a shouted welcome, but with hearty smiles. By noon, the restaurant is full of people — it has stayed busy during every rush hour since it opened on June 27. A customer stepped up to the counter and 3 (ask), “Hello! How do I order?” The staff behind the counter smiled, pointed to her ear, and waved her hands. For newcomers, the moment might be 4 (puzzle) at first, but it doesn’t take long to understand: communication here takes a different form. Communication here is both simple and 5 (effect). A gesture, a smile, and a tap on the shoulder all get across the message perfectly. Meimei, head of the shop, shared in sign language, “Some first-time customers may sit 6 wait for about 15 minutes, repeatedly calling out for service. Since we can’t hear, we don’t respond, 7 can upset them. But once they realize we are deaf, most of them apologize. ” QR code ordering is now popular across Chinese 8 (restaurant). Yet in this noodle shop, the modern convenience truly plays an empowering role. It enables the hearing-impaired 9 (work) independently, even in a service role that demands non-stop interaction, opening 10 door for this community to a world beyond silence. 【答案】 1．nicely 2．are greeted 3．asked 4．puzzling 5．effective 6．and 7．which 8．restaurants 9．to work 10．a 【知识点】职业内容 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了河南郑州一家由听力障碍者运营的陈九爷面馆，讲述了面馆的运营日常、特殊的沟通方式及二维码点单对听障员工的帮助。 1．考查副词。句意：他们在河南省郑州市经营着这家装修精美的社区面馆。此处修饰过去分词decorated，需用副词作状语，nice的副词形式为nicely，意为“精美地、很好地”。故填nicely。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：迎接等待的顾客的不是大声的欢迎，而是热情的微笑。此处为谓语动词，主语They（指代顾客）与greet之间是被动关系，且全文时态以一般现在时为主，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are，greet的过去分词为greeted。故填are greeted。 3．考查动词时态。句意：一位顾客走到柜台前问道：“您好！我怎么点餐？”此处与stepped up并列作谓语动词，时态需保持一致，stepped为一般过去时，所以ask也用一般过去时asked。故填asked。 4．考查形容词。句意：对于新来的人来说，这一刻起初可能会令人困惑，但很快就会明白：这里的沟通方式有所不同。此处位于系动词be后，需用形容词作表语，且修饰the moment（事物），应用-ing结尾的形容词puzzling，意为“令人困惑的”。故填puzzling。 5．考查形容词。句意：这里的沟通既简单又有效。此处与simple并列作表语，需用形容词形式，effect的形容词为effective，意为“有效的”。故填effective。 6．考查连词。句意：面馆负责人梅梅用手语表示：“有些第一次来的顾客可能会坐着等大约15分钟，反复喊着要服务。”此处sit和wait是并列动作，需用并列连词and连接，表顺承关系。故填and。 7．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：因为我们听不见，所以不会回应，这可能会让他们感到不高兴。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文we don’t respond这件事，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 8．考查名词复数。句意：二维码点单现在在中国的餐馆里很流行。“餐馆”是可数名词，结合语境可知此处指全国范围内的餐馆，应用复数形式restaurants。故填restaurants。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：它使听障人士能够独立工作，即使是在需要不间断互动的服务岗位上，为这个群体打开了一扇通往无声之外世界的大门。enable sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to work。故填to work。 10．考查冠词。句意：它使听障人士能够独立工作，即使是在需要不间断互动的服务岗位上，为这个群体打开了一扇通往无声之外世界的大门。door为可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且door的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。 B （25-26高一上·新疆克拉玛依·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over 1,300 meters high. Kanas is known as a National Natural Reserve. It 1 (show) people a wonderful mix of clean lakes, green forests, and grand mountains. This special area is 2 safe place for many kinds of animals and plants. Kanas gets its name from the Tuwa word for “lake in the valley”, It looks like a beautiful painting with its clear lakes, wide grasslands, and lovely woods. The area is home 3 the hard-to-find lynx (猞猁)，the pretty red deer, and many other animals that live 4 (safe) in this untouched place. The beauty of Kanas comes from its different views. These include the famous Kanas Lake, Moon Bay (月亮湾) and Baihaba Village. Each one gives a special view of nature’s greatness. Kanas Lake 5 (surround) by snowy mountain tops and has deep blue water. This creates an astonishing mirror image that amazes people 6 see it. Moon Bay is a peaceful, moon-shaped bay. It attracts 7 (visitor) with its calm feeling and wide views of the nearby mountains. Kanas National Natural Reserve shows how beautiful nature can be, with pure lakes and 8 (amaze) views. Hemu Village, 9 is on the Hemu Grassland, adds a traditional traveling feeling to the area. Among the mountains, forests, and grasslands, Kanas is a place full of natural wonders. It invites travelers 10 (enjoy) the peace and beauty of this pretty, untouched wonderland. 【答案】 1．shows 2．a 3．to 4．safely 5．is surrounded 6．who/that 7．visitors 8．amazing 9．which 10．to enjoy 【知识点】旅游观光、自然地理 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了喀纳斯国家自然保护区的美丽风光、生态环境及旅游特色 。 1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它向人们展示了清澈的湖泊、绿色的森林和雄伟的山脉的奇妙组合。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填shows。 2．考查冠词。句意：这个特殊的地区是许多动植物的安全栖息地。place是可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，safe是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 3．考查介词。句意：该地区是难以找到的猞猁、美丽的赤鹿和许多其他动物的家，它们在这个未受破坏的地方安全地生活。be home to是固定短语，意为“是……的栖息地/家”。故填to。 4．考查副词。句意：该地区是难以找到的猞猁、美丽的赤鹿和许多其他动物的家，它们在这个未受破坏的地方安全地生活。空处修饰动词live，应用副词形式safely作状语。故填safely。 5．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：喀纳斯湖被雪山环绕，湖水深蓝。根据has可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Kanas Lake和动词surround之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is surrounded。 6．考查连词。句意：这创造了一个惊人的镜像，让看到它的人惊叹不已。空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 7．考查名词复数。句意：它以其宁静的感觉和附近山脉的广阔视野吸引着游客。visitor是可数名词，此处表泛指，应用复数形式。故填visitors。 8．考查形容词。句意：喀纳斯国家自然保护区展示了自然的美丽，有纯净的湖泊和令人惊叹的景色。空处修饰名词views，应用形容词amazing作定语，表示“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。 9．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：禾木村位于禾木草原上，为该地区增添了一种传统的旅游感觉。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Hemu Village，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它邀请旅行者来享受这个美丽、未受破坏的仙境的宁静与美丽。invite sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“邀请某人做某事”，空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to enjoy。 C （2024·江西·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Using needles to help life’s energy flow For thousands of years, the Chinese have relieved pain and cured disease through acupuncture (针灸). 1 (evolve) from the discovery that using stone needles to prick specific points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms, acupuncture has become 2 integral part of traditional Chinese medicine, in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature. According to Records of the Grand Historian, 3 (write) by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a highly skilled 4 (physical) during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having saved a prince from “death” by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint on the head of the unconscious man. According to TCM (中医), there are a dozen meridians (经脉) in the human body, 5 the qi, or life energy, circulates to nourish the organs. Cold, infections or diseases can result in blocking of the energy, and so stimulating the acupoints can unblock stagnant (不流动的) qi, restore normal circulation and improve health. Today, acupuncture is still 6 (wide) used in China. In 2010, UNESCO inscribed acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yet, the practice is not just cultural and historical, 7 a medical technique widely used and researched today. For years, 8 the clear therapeutic effects of acupuncture in treating many diseases, there were few convincing studies that explained how acupoint stimulation worked, or what meridians were anatomically speaking, so the technique always seemed somewhat 9 (mystery). However, as scientific research of acupuncture 10 (grow) in recent years, producing good quality results, the technique is gaining traction around the world. 【答案】 1．Evolving 2．an 3．written 4．physician 5．where 6．widely 7．but 8．despite 9．mysterious 10．has grown 【知识点】医疗 、中国文化与节日 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中医针灸，包括其历史起源、理念、原理以及近年来的发展等。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：针灸源于人们发现用石针刺入身体表面的特定穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状，已经成为中医不可分割的一部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的理念。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作状语，对acupuncture作补充说明，evolve和acupuncture逻辑上是主动关系，应用evolve的现在分词形式，且空处位于句首，evolving的首字母需大写。故填Evolving。 2．考查冠词。句意：针灸源于人们发现用石针刺入身体表面的特定穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状，已经成为中医不可分割的一部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的理念。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且integral的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁所著的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475—221年）的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊，曾用针刺激昏迷者头上的百会穴，使一位王子“死而复生”。分析句子可知，空处作Records of the Grand Historian的非限制性后置定语，是非谓语动词，write和Records of the Grand Historian逻辑上是被动关系，且动作已完成，应用write的过去分词形式。故填written。 4．考查名词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁所著的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475—221年）的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊，曾用针刺激昏迷者头上的百会穴，使一位王子“死而复生”。分析句子可知，空处作句子的主语，结合“a highly skilled”可知，名词physician“医生”符合题意，需用单数形式。故填physician。 5．考查定语从句。句意：根据中医的说法，人体有十几个经络，在这些经络中，气或生命能量循环以滋养器官。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词meridians作补充说明，关系词替代先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 6．考查副词。句意：今天，针灸在中国仍被广泛使用。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词used，wide的副词形式widely符合题意，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。 7．考查连词。句意：然而，这种做法不仅具有文化和历史意义，而且是今天广泛使用和研究的一种医疗技术。根据“not just”可推知，此处用固定句型not just…but…表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 8．考查介词。句意：多年来，尽管针灸在治疗许多疾病方面有明显的疗效，但很少有令人信服的研究解释穴位刺激是如何起作用的，或者从解剖学上讲，什么是经络，所以这项技术总是显得有些神秘。此处提及针灸有一些明显的疗效，但缺少令人信服的研究，前后有让步关系，且空后为名词短语，因此用意为“尽管，即使”的介词despite。故填despite。 9．考查形容词。句意：多年来，尽管针灸在治疗许多疾病方面有明显的疗效，但很少有令人信服的研究解释穴位刺激是如何起作用的，或者从解剖学上讲，什么是经络，所以这项技术总是显得有些神秘。分析句子可知，空处作seemed的表语，mystery的形容词形式mysterious符合题意，意为“神秘的”。故填mysterious。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，随着近年来针灸科学研究的发展，产生了高质量的结果，这项技术在世界范围内得到了关注。分析句子可知，空处作as引导的从句的谓语，时间状语为in recent years，时态应用现在完成时，且主语research不可数，助动词用has。故填has grown。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $