小升初英语语法辨析：一般现在时 vs 一般过去时（专项训练）-2025-2026学年译林版（三起）（2012）英语六年级下册

小升初英语语法辨析：一般现在时 vs 一般过去时&专项练习 一、核心定义与用法 语法项目 一般现在时 一般过去时 核心含义 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态；客观事实、真理 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态；过去经常性、习惯性的动作 常见时间状语 always, usually, often, sometimes, every day/week/month, on Sundays, in the morning yesterday, last week/month/year, ago (two days ago), just now, in 2020, then 动词变化规则 1. 主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it/ 单数名词）时，动词加 - s/-es 例：play→plays; watch→watches; go→goes; do→does 2. 其他主语用动词原形 1. 规则动词加 - ed 例：play→played; clean→cleaned; watch→watched 2. 不规则动词需记忆 例：go→went; do→did; eat→ate; see→saw 否定句结构 1. 主语 + don’t + 动词原形 2. 主语（三单）+doesn’t + 动词原形 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 一般疑问句结构 1. Do + 主语 + 动词原形？ 2. Does + 主语（三单）+ 动词原形？ Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ 二、典型例句对比 一般现在时 1. 习惯性动作：I get up at 7:00 every morning.（我每天早上 7 点起床。） 2. 客观真理：The earth goes around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。） 3. 三单变化：She often reads books in the library.（她经常在图书馆看书。） 一般过去时 1. 过去单次动作：He finished his homework yesterday.（他昨天完成了作业。） 2. 过去习惯动作：They played basketball after school last term.（上学期他们放学后打篮球。） 3. 不规则动词：My mother bought a new dress for me last week.（我妈妈上周给我买了一条新裙子。） 三、易错点辨析 1. 时间状语混淆 错误：He goes to the park yesterday. 正确：He went to the park yesterday.（yesterday 是过去时标志，动词用过去式） 2. 三单与过去式混淆 错误：She play football every day. 正确：She plays football every day.（every day 是现在时标志，主语三单，动词变三单） 3. 否定句 / 疑问句中动词形式 错误：Did you went to school? 正确：Did you go to school?（助动词 did 后用动词原形） 错误：He doesn’t went to work on weekends. 正确：He doesn’t go to work on weekends.（助动词 doesn’t 后用动词原形） 小升初英语语法辨析：一般现在时 vs 一般过去时 专项练习卷 班级：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________ 时间：40分钟 一、考点：时态判断与动词适当形式填空（每空1分，共20分） 思路：根据句中时间状语或语境判断时态，再结合主语人称变化填写动词正确形式（三单/原形/过去式）。 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. My mother usually ________ (cook) dinner for our family every evening. 2. He ________ (visit) his grandparents last weekend with his parents. 3. The sun ________ (rise) in the east and sets in the west. 4. They ________ (not go) to the zoo yesterday because it rained. 5. Lucy often ________ (read) storybooks before going to bed. 6. —What ________ you ________ (do) last night? —I watched a cartoon. 7. Mr. Wang ________ (teach) us English very well. We all like him. 8. She ________ (buy) a new schoolbag last month and it looks nice. 9. We ________ (play) football on the playground every Friday afternoon. 10. My brother ________ (not finish) his homework on time yesterday. 11. The students ________ (have) a math test last Monday. 12. He ________ (not like) eating vegetables, but his sister does. 13. —Does your father often ________ (drive) to work? —Yes, he does. 14. They ________ (go) swimming in the pool just now. 15. Our teacher always ________ (tell) us interesting stories in class. 16. I ________ (see) a lovely cat in the street yesterday morning. 17. Linda ________ (wash) her clothes every Saturday. 18. They ________ (have) a great time at the party last night. 19. My sister ________ (dance) very well. She practices every day. 20. He ________ (do) his homework carefully last night. 二、考点：一般疑问句与否定句转换（每空1分，共30分） 思路：掌握两种时态的句型结构，注意助动词（do/does/did）后动词用原形，三单和过去式变化只体现在助动词上。 （一）改为一般疑问句，并作肯定/否定回答（每句4分，共20分） 1. Tom plays basketball every afternoon.（肯定回答） 2. She went to the park yesterday.（否定回答） 3. They often watch TV in the evening.（肯定回答） 4. Mr. Li teaches us Chinese.（否定回答） 5. We visited our friends last Sunday.（肯定回答） （二）改为否定句（每空1分，共10分） 1. I get up at 7:00 every morning. 2. He finished his homework on time. 3. She often goes to school by bike. 4. They played football after school yesterday. 5. My mother cooks breakfast for me every morning. 三、考点：时态易错点改错（每句2分，共10分） 1. He go to school by bus yesterday. 2. Does she went to the library last weekend? 3. My father doesn’t watched TV in the evening. 4. They plays basketball every Saturday. 5. I didn’t did my homework yesterday. 四、考点：时态语境综合运用（每空2分，共20分） 思路：无明确时间状语时，结合上下文语境判断时态，灵活运用两种时态的核心用法。 阅读短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 My name is Lily. I ________ (be) a student. I usually ________ (get) up at 6:30 every morning. Then I ________ (have) breakfast and go to school. My favorite subject is English because my English teacher ________ (be) very kind to us. Last Sunday, I ________ (go) to the zoo with my family. We ________ (see) many animals there. The pandas ________ (be) very cute. We ________ (take) a lot of photos. In the afternoon, we ________ (eat) dinner in a restaurant. I ________ (have) a wonderful day. 五、考点：句型转换综合提升（每句5分，共20分） 思路：结合时态判断与句型转换规则，完成对划线部分提问、同义句转换等综合题型。 1. Tom plays football every afternoon.（对划线部分提问） 2. She went to Beijing last summer holiday.（对划线部分提问） 3. They often walk to school.（改为同义句，用go...on foot） 4. I did my homework last night.（对划线部分提问） 参考答案及解析 一、时态判断与动词适当形式填空 1. cooks（every evening表习惯，主语三单） 2. visited（last weekend表过去） 3. rises（客观真理，用一般现在时，主语三单） 4. didn’t go（yesterday表过去，否定句用didn’t+原形） 5. reads（often表习惯，主语三单） 6. did; do（last night表过去，疑问句用did+原形） 7. teaches（常态描述，主语三单） 8. bought（last month表过去，buy的过去式为bought） 9. play（every Friday afternoon表习惯，主语复数） 10. didn’t finish（yesterday表过去，否定句用didn’t+原形） 11. had（last Monday表过去，have的过去式为had） 12. doesn’t like（主语三单，否定句用doesn’t+原形） 13. drive（助动词does后用原形） 14. went（just now表过去，go的过去式为went） 15. tells（always表习惯，主语三单） 16. saw（yesterday morning表过去，see的过去式为saw） 17. washes（every Saturday表习惯，主语三单） 18. had（last night表过去，have的过去式为had） 19. dances（every day表习惯，主语三单） 20. did（last night表过去，do的过去式为did） 二、一般疑问句与否定句转换 （一）改为一般疑问句并回答 1. —Does Tom play basketball every afternoon? —Yes, he does. 2. —Did she go to the park yesterday? —No, she didn’t. 3. —Do they often watch TV in the evening? —Yes, they do. 4. —Does Mr. Li teach you Chinese? —No, he doesn’t. 5. —Did you visit your friends last Sunday? —Yes, we did. （二）改为否定句 1. I don’t get up at 7:00 every morning. 2. He didn’t finish his homework on time. 3. She doesn’t often go to school by bike. 4. They didn’t play football after school yesterday. 5. My mother doesn’t cook breakfast for me every morning. 三、时态易错点改错 1. He go went to school by bus yesterday.（yesterday表过去，动词用过去式） 2. Does she went go to the library last weekend?（助动词Does错误，且后接原形，改为Did+go） 3. My father doesn’t watched watch TV in the evening.（助动词doesn’t后用原形） 4. Theyplays play basketball every Saturday.（主语复数，动词用原形） 5. I didn’t did do my homework yesterday.（助动词didn’t后用原形） 四、时态语境综合运用 1. am（一般现在时，主语I） 2. get（usually表习惯，主语I） 3. have（并列动作，用原形） 4. is（常态描述，主语单数） 5. went（last Sunday表过去） 6. saw（过去动作，see的过去式） 7. were（过去时态，主语复数） 8. took（过去动作，take的过去式） 9. ate（过去动作，eat的过去式） 10. had（过去动作，have的过去式） 五、句型转换综合提升 1. What does Tom do every afternoon?（对动作提问，一般现在时用does） 2. Where did she go last summer holiday?（对地点提问，一般过去时用did） 3. They often go to school on foot. 4. What did you do last night?（对动作提问，一般过去时用did） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $