精品解析：北京市顺义区2025-2026学年高三上学期期末英语试题

北京市顺义区2025～2026学年第一学期期末质量监测 高三英语试卷 2026. 1 本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was labeled the “bad” boy of a remote village in India, where the air always smelled of ripe cashews (腰果). I ____1____ school and hung around with other “bad” boys. No one thought I would do anything worthwhile with my life. But my mother visualised a ____2____ future. She knew education was my ____3____. Every morning, when I refused to go to school, she ____4____ me until I dressed and put on shoes, followed me right up to the door of the classroom and watched me enter. ____5____, her constant efforts paid off. By 12th grade, I had taken a good look at myself and realised the life I was creating — no respect, no future. These realisations forced me to ____6____ that my mother was right — education was my only way out. Since then, I became an early bird and stayed late at school. I struggled to pass exams and my grades ____7____. Finally, a university admission letter arrived. From there onwards, things ____8____. University was an ocean of new thoughts, where everyone had clear life goals. Being in that ____9____ pushed me to think bigger, and I decided to pursue a PhD. Having seen the hardships of cashew farmers in my village, I chose the cashew nut as my research subject to improve their lives by finding better solutions for production. Now my research receives global recognition. The former “bad boy” finally grew into a success through the power of ____10____. 1. A. started B. missed C. skipped D. finished 2. A. different B. familiar C. difficult D. distant 3. A. burden B. faith C. escape D. desire 4. A. ignored B. hurried C. comforted D. praised 5 A. Initially B. Particularly C. Surprisingly D. Fortunately 6. A. admit B. imagine C. predict D. claim 7. A. came out B. bounced back C. inched up D. leveled off 8. A. faded B. continued C. folded D. changed 9 A. process B. atmosphere C. system D. location 10. A. habit B. confidence C. passion D. knowledge 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all know we should exercise more, but the biggest barrier for many is feeling like we just don’t have an hour ____11____ (spare). If you’ve ever felt guilty about inactivity or struggled with time ____12____ (manage), “Snacktivity” may be the answer. It ____13____ (involve) “exercise snacks” — brief, intentional bursts (爆发) of movement lasting five minutes or less, like stair-climbing, which can easily find a place in even the busiest day. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Over the last half century, shark and ray (鳐) populations ____14____(drop) 71 percent, largely due to increased fishing pressure. This isn’t just bad news for sharks — it threatens the balance of entire ocean ecosystems. By targeting weak fish, sharks help keep schools strong and, in turn, support ocean health. Sharks also help keep more carbon ____15____(store) deep within the ocean, which human activities are releasing ____16____ the atmosphere, fueling climate change. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 My understanding of friendship was transformed in 2024, ____17____ I met Sam. We were both new to Middle School, each carrying the various ____18____ (anxiety) of facing a new environment. Our initial encounter was as ordinary as any could be, but it was in that simplicity that the seeds of our friendship ____19____ (sow). As days turned to weeks, we shared our dreams and laughed over silly jokes, ____20____ (find) comfort in each other’s company. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The PolyU Summer Institute is your gateway to explore an immersive (沉浸式的) university experience at PolyU. You will engage in a series of fun activities led by PolyU student leaders and explore the dynamic campus life. By being part of the Summer Institute, students will: ● Engage in day-long attachment programmes offered by PolyU schools at their choice ● Experience our residential hall life ● Experience PolyU’s interactive teaching and learning through various credit-bearing and non-credit-bearing courses ● Gain first-hand insights for making informed choices for future studies The Summer Institute is designed for Secondary 4 and Secondary 5 students, scheduled for late July 2026 during your summer holiday. In 2026, there are several engaging modes of participation: i) A 5-day 4-night residential camp; and/or ii) A variety of one-week credit-bearing and non-credit-bearing courses Details will be announced in due course. Please stay tuned for our updates! If you are interested in joining in our activities, please provide your information to us through the link here. Sharing from a Participant “The PolyU residential camp was an amazing opportunity to experience university life in person and gain insights into our chosen industry. Though it lasted only a few days, it was more than just a camp — it was about bonding with passionate students from around the world, becoming independent, and taking responsibility for our futures. Special thanks to my group leaders and teammates for making this summer remarkable!” Jessica Ma, SI Participant 2025 21. In the Summer Institute, students will _________. A. design attachment programmes B. arrange campus accommodation C. get practical tips for future careers D. attend interactive university courses 22. To join the Summer Institute, one is required to _________. A. submit personal information online B. sign up for the residential camp C. graduate from secondary school D. earn credits from the courses 23. What does Jessica Ma mainly share as a participant? A. Her story in the camp. B. Her gains from the camp. C. Her reasons for joining the camp. D. Her gratitude to the camp leaders. B I was at work when it happened. Out of the blue, bam! Dizziness struck, extreme and sudden. My stomach was upset, and then, my right eye went dark. Panic rose through me. “Am I dying?” It was like the very foundation of my life cracked (破裂) beneath me. Laid up in that hospital bed, I was depressed, my mind crowded with worries. What about my family? I was their breadwinner; they needed me. And suddenly, I was the one needing support. I came home in a wheelchair. It was like waking up in a house after a storm, everything familiar yet broken in some way. I was left not being able to walk, with constant dizziness and problems with my hands. Thankfully my family was my rock, ready to rebuild with me. With physical therapy (治疗) and support from my wife and kids, I worked on relearning to walk and using my hands again. My son would playfully move my walker, challenging me to walk further. My wife was my balance, literally and figuratively. It was in leaning on them that I first realized recovery wasn’t something I could carry alone. I had to come up with a way to provide for my family. I wanted to be sure they had a home if I wasn’t here. Not to have to worry about rent. One night, I shared a thought with my wife, “What about buying an old house? Our own place, a safety net for you and the kids.” She hesitated, worry in her eyes, but she believed in the dream. That run-down house we bought for $8,000 — It needed a ton of work. As I learned to deal with my disabilities, we slowly reworked the house. This wasn’t just a project; it was our path to recovery. Three and a half years later, we have moved into our home. We have a long way to go and continue to face many challenges as the seasons change. Still, together we’ve made it this far. For anyone out there feeling their life’s foundations shaking, know this: the cracks can be repaired. Whatever things are put in your way, they are not ends, just places where you have to change your path. 24. During his hospital stay, what was the author’s major concern? A. His family’s future. B. His health condition. C. His standing in the family. D. His family’s attitude towards him. 25. Why did the author suggest buying an old house? A. To help his wife achieve her dream. B. To find a way to cut down on the rent. C. To provide a secure shelter for his family. D. To improve their current living conditions. 26. How does the author feel after moving into the house? A. Hopeful. B. Relaxed. C. Aimless. D. Anxious. 27. What does the author’s experience show? A. What goes up must come down. B. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. C. When one door closes, another opens. D. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. C Today’s best artificial intelligence (AI) models sail through the Turing test, a famous thought experiment that asks whether a computer can pass as a human by interacting through text. Some see an upgraded test as a necessary standard for progress towards artificial general intelligence (AGI) — an unclear term used by many technology firms to mean an AI system with the resourcefulness to match any human cognitive (认知的) ability. But at an academic event on 2 October, several researchers said that the Turing test should be abandoned altogether, and that developers should instead focus on evaluating AI safety and building specific capabilities that could be of benefit to the public. “The idea of AGI might not be the right goal, at least not now,” said Gary Marcus, a neuroscientist. This doubt is rooted in the fundamental limitations of current AI, which are often optimized versions of large language models (LLMs). In March, researchers tested four chatbots in a version of the Turing test, and found that the best models passed. Yet the fact that chatbots can imitate (模仿) speech credibly does not mean that they can understand, said several researchers at the event. Although LLM responses can be surprisingly human, “when you go outside the box of what you normally ask of these systems, they have a lot of trouble”, said Marcus. As examples, he cited the inability of some models to label the parts on an elephant correctly, or to draw clock hands in anywhere but the ten and two positions. For this reason, models could still fail the Turing test if they are challenged by a scientist who knows their weaknesses. Shannon Vallor, an AI ethicist (伦理学家), argued that the focus on AGI is a distraction that allows tech firms to ignore potential harms of the technology, such as de-skilling humans, producing false and negative imaginations and deepening existing prejudices in the data LLMs learn from. Rather than intelligence standards, models should compete on safety measures, “along with the test of how easy it is to abuse the tool and how likely the tool is to do something unexpected and undesirable in a real-world context”, she said. William Isaac, who researches AI use in public policy broadly agreed; the Turing test of the future should question whether an AI is safe, reliable and provides meaningful benefit. 28. What does the author intend to do by mentioning AGI in Paragraph 2? A. Clarify a concept. B. Highlight a problem. C. Make a prediction. D. Justify a comparison. 29. What can we learn about LLMs from this passage? A. They have human-like understanding. B. They succeed in upgraded Turing tests. C. They outperform humans in responsiveness. D. They need to be developed for the public good. 30. As for tech firms’ current practices, Shannon Vallor is ________. A. appreciative B. doubtful C. cautious D. critical 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. The functions of current AI. B. The proposal of a new AI test. C. A shift in the focus of AI research. D A debate on the test performance of AI. D Initially, the railways experienced a period of rapid expansion, but since the mid-twentieth century, railway development in most countries has hit the buffers. It’s time to turn the tables, and acknowledge the vast benefits of railways as a cornerstone of a sustainable transport system that can support human development and economic growth. According to the International Energy Agency, transport currently accounts for around one-quarter of global CO2 emissions (排放). Between 1990 and 2022, those emissions grew by 1.7% a year — an increase greater than that of any part besides industry — as more people in more parts of the world became more mobile. Over 90% of the energy used to power transport comes from fossil (化石的) fuels. Those figures alone justify a renewed focus on rail transport. Per passenger kilometre, it produces one-fifth of the emissions of car transport, and less than one-quarter of those of flying. Direct emissions can be cut to zero if trains are powered by fully renewable electricity. Rail transport also contributes little in the way of air polluting emissions, which are a health threat. This is particularly important in a rapidly urbanizing world. Better rail-based mass-transport options could help to reduce urban expansion, as well as the land needed for roads, car parks and other car-related systems and services. Less-crowded cities with fewer motor vehicles are more liveable places where people tend to walk and cycle more, gaining the health benefits of these activities. They are also more inclusive, particularly for younger and older people who are less likely to own a vehicle. As both urbanization and average population density (密度) grow, research shows that there are more economic benefits of investment in rail than those of investment in roads. But it is not just cities. Research shows that cuts to rail services in rural areas have resulted in population decline, job losses, and a drop in skilled workers. One way research can help to get things back on track is by broadening the standard governments use to assess railway investment. Research can also present the winners and losers created by investment decisions. In short, turning around the ignoring of a technology, which has not only changed the world but could also save the planet, is a critical priority of our time. 32 What does the phrase “hit the buffers” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Come into focus. B. Run into a barrier. C. Created inconvenience. D. Reached a stable state. 33. What can we learn about rail transport from this passage? A. It can drive urban and rural population decline. B. It can achieve significant benefits in investment. C. It can promote the well-being of urban residents. D. It can become a major source of carbon emissions. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. An Ideal Replacement for Cars and Planes B. Make Trains Great Again for Our Planet C. A Good Product of Modern Technology D. Make Trains an Urban-Rural Bridge 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why do some people seem endlessly curious while others prefer the comfort of the familiar? We often think of curiosity as, a stable personal characteristic, part of what makes each person unique. ____35____ A new study published in Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences argues that curiosity evolves (进化) with our environment. For both humans and animals, curiosity motivates information seeking. Exploring new places or understanding others’ behavior all provide knowledge that can improve survival and reproduction. But exploration also involves risk. Searching for something new consumes time and energy and may expose one to failure or harm. ____36____ In secure, resource-rich contexts, the cost of failure is low, and the long-term benefits of information are high. In contrast, in unpredictable environments, curiosity can be costly. ____37____ Participants completed a measure of curiosity, covering five dimensions. The researchers also measured participants’ socioeconomic status (地位) (SES), both current and during childhood. The results showed that higher current SES predicted higher curiosity, while childhood SES showed little effect. This suggests that curiosity is not fixed early in life but remains flexible, responding dynamically to current ecological conditions. Authors interpret curiosity as a behavioral flexibility that allows individuals to adjust to their environments. Rather than being a fixed characteristic, curiosity may turn up when conditions are stable and safe, and turn down when uncertainty makes exploration costly. ____38____ Monkeys, birds, and even bees explore more in safe, resource-rich settings. Interestingly, the findings also suggest a feedback cycle, While economic stability may encourage curiosity, curiosity itself can drive economic growth. People who are more curious often acquire more knowledge and skills, and seek new opportunities — all of which can improve economic outcomes, ____39____ A. The same pattern appears across the animal kingdom. B. When the economy is stable, the cost of exploration remains uncertain. C. The researchers in this study tested this idea using data from 962 adults. D. Yet recent evidence suggests it may be far more flexible than we realize. E. Over time, curiosity and economic success may fuel one another continually. F. However, the researchers find that curiosity has different effects on humans and animals. G. Behavioral ecology predicts that exploration should therefore vary with environmental conditions. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Repetition, that is, doing the same thing repeatedly, is essential for learning and mastering new skills. It is the pathway to success in any field. Examples from the world of sports and music illustrate this principle. Even older adults can benefit from task repetition to improve their working memory performance. Repetition builds habits. As you repeat something over and over again, it becomes rooted in your subconscious, allowing you to act on it without conscious effort. Whether you’re learning to play an instrument, speak a new language, or excel at a sport, repetition is key for building muscle memory and improving your performance. Familiarity is the basic source of psychological and social stability. The mere exposure effect suggests that familiarity leads to liking. Many sensory experiences (e.g. coffee or music), with repeated exposure, can become increasingly pleasant. Repetition is a key element in music. In listening to music, the expectation is that we will encounter repetition and that it will be a source of pleasure. Repetition in music can be a motif (主旋律) repeated throughout a composition or a favorite song played again and again. A repeated musical motif can build pleasurable expectations in the listener. In fact, if every measure of a melody (旋律) is completely different from all the previous measures, the melody will be difficult to remember. In sum, repetition is what we tell ourselves growing up: No matter what you do, just keep practicing. By adopting repetition as an essential part of your personal growth journey, you can make consistent progress toward your goals and achieve the success you desire. 40 What can task repetition help older adults do? _________________________________________________________________________ 41. What does the mere exposure effect show? _________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from different measures of a melody. _________________________________________________________________________ 43. How does repetition help you in your daily life? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim所在学校正在开展以“Art Connects the World”为主题的艺术作品征集活动。他打算参加，为此发来邮件，就作品形式及内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 提出的建议； 2. 建议的理由。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市顺义区2025～2026学年第一学期期末质量监测 高三英语试卷 2026. 1 本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was labeled the “bad” boy of a remote village in India, where the air always smelled of ripe cashews (腰果). I ____1____ school and hung around with other “bad” boys. No one thought I would do anything worthwhile with my life. But my mother visualised a ____2____ future. She knew education was my ____3____. Every morning, when I refused to go to school, she ____4____ me until I dressed and put on shoes, followed me right up to the door of the classroom and watched me enter. ____5____, her constant efforts paid off. By 12th grade, I had taken a good look at myself and realised the life I was creating — no respect, no future. These realisations forced me to ____6____ that my mother was right — education was my only way out. Since then, I became an early bird and stayed late at school. I struggled to pass exams and my grades ____7____. Finally, a university admission letter arrived. From there onwards, things ____8____. University was an ocean of new thoughts, where everyone had clear life goals. Being in that ____9____ pushed me to think bigger, and I decided to pursue a PhD. Having seen the hardships of cashew farmers in my village, I chose the cashew nut as my research subject to improve their lives by finding better solutions for production. Now my research receives global recognition. The former “bad boy” finally grew into a success through the power of ____10____. 1. A. started B. missed C. skipped D. finished 2. A. different B. familiar C. difficult D. distant 3. A. burden B. faith C. escape D. desire 4. A. ignored B. hurried C. comforted D. praised 5. A. Initially B. Particularly C. Surprisingly D. Fortunately 6. A. admit B. imagine C. predict D. claim 7. A. came out B. bounced back C. inched up D. leveled off 8. A. faded B. continued C. folded D. changed 9. A. process B. atmosphere C. system D. location 10. A. habit B. confidence C. passion D. knowledge 【答案】1 C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述印度乡村的作者曾是顽劣少年，在母亲坚持下重拾学业，最终攻读博士研究腰果并获全球认可的成长故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我逃学，还和其他的“坏”男孩厮混在一起。A. started开始；B. missed错过；C. skipped逃学；D. finished完成。根据前文“I was labeled the “bad” boy of a remote village in India, where the air always smelled of ripe cashews (腰果).”可知，作者被称作坏男孩，且和其他坏男孩厮混，因此是逃学不去上学。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我的母亲设想了一个不一样的未来。A. different不同的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. difficult困难的；D. distant遥远的。根据前文“No one thought I would do anything worthwhile with my life.”以及后文母亲坚持让作者上学的行为可知，旁人都不看好作者，而母亲认为作者会有和旁人预想不一样的未来。故选A项。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道教育是我出路。A. burden负担；B. faith信念；C. escape出路、摆脱困境的方法；D. desire渴望。根据后文“education was my only way out”可知，母亲认为教育能让作者摆脱当下的糟糕处境，是作者的出路。故选C项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，当我拒绝去上学时，她就催着我穿衣服、穿鞋，一直跟到教室门口，看着我进去。A. ignored忽视；B. hurried催促；C. comforted安慰；D. praised表扬。根据前文“I refused to go to school”以及后文“until I dressed and put on shoes”可知，作者不愿上学，母亲会催促作者收拾好去学校。故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她的不懈努力有了回报。A. Initially最初；B. Particularly尤其；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“her constant efforts paid off”以及作者后续的转变和成功可知，母亲的努力有了回报是一件幸运的事。故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些认知迫使我承认母亲是对的——教育是我唯一的出路。A. admit承认；B. imagine想象；C. predict预测；D. claim声称。根据前文“I had taken a good look at myself and realised the life I was creating — no respect, no future.”可知，作者看清了自己的现状，意识到自身问题，因此不得不承认母亲的说法是对的。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我努力通过考试，成绩慢慢提升了。A. came out出版、出现；B. bounced back恢复、反弹；C. inched up缓慢上升；D. leveled off趋于平稳。根据前文“I struggled to pass exams”以及后文“Finally, a university admission letter arrived.”可知，作者努力备考，成绩随之慢慢提升，最终收到了大学录取通知书。故选C项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，一切都变了。A. faded褪色、消退；B. continued继续；C. folded折叠；D. changed改变。根据后文“University was an ocean of new thoughts, where everyone had clear life goals.”以及作者的转变可知，进入大学后，作者的生活和状态都发生了改变。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：身处这样的氛围中，我有了更远大的想法，于是决定攻读博士学位。A. process过程；B. atmosphere氛围；C. system系统；D. location位置。根据前文“University was an ocean of new thoughts, where everyone had clear life goals.”可知，大学有着充满新想法、人人有明确目标的环境氛围，这种氛围影响了作者。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾经的“坏男孩”最终凭借知识的力量获得了成功。A. habit习惯；B. confidence自信；C. passion热情；D. knowledge知识。根据前文母亲坚持让作者接受教育，作者努力学习考上大学、攻读博士并做研究的内容可知，作者的成功源于所学习和掌握的知识。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all know we should exercise more, but the biggest barrier for many is feeling like we just don’t have an hour ____11____ (spare). If you’ve ever felt guilty about inactivity or struggled with time ____12____ (manage), “Snacktivity” may be the answer. It ____13____ (involve) “exercise snacks” — brief, intentional bursts (爆发) of movement lasting five minutes or less, like stair-climbing, which can easily find a place in even the busiest day. 【答案】11. to spare 12. management 13. involves 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种适合忙碌人群的运动方式——“零食式运动”，即短暂、有意的运动爆发，旨在解决人们因没时间而缺乏锻炼的问题。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都知道应该多锻炼，但对很多人来说，最大的障碍是感觉自己根本抽不出一个小时的时间。此处修饰名词an hour，have sth. to do结构是常用表达，不定式作后置定语。故填to spare。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果你曾因不运动而感到内疚，或者在时间管理上遇到困难，“零食式运动”可能是答案。此处作介词with的宾语，应用名词形式；time management为固定搭配，意为“时间管理”。故填management。 【13题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它包括“运动零食”——短暂、有意的运动爆发，持续五分钟或更短时间，比如爬楼梯，即使在最忙碌的一天里，这种运动也能轻松找到一席之地。此处为句子谓语动词，文章整体为一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式，involve的第三人称单数为involves。故填involves。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Over the last half century, shark and ray (鳐) populations ____14____(drop) 71 percent, largely due to increased fishing pressure. This isn’t just bad news for sharks — it threatens the balance of entire ocean ecosystems. By targeting weak fish, sharks help keep schools strong and, in turn, support ocean health. Sharks also help keep more carbon ____15____(store) deep within the ocean, which human activities are releasing ____16____ the atmosphere, fueling climate change. 【答案】14. have dropped 15. stored 16. into 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了过去半个世纪以来鲨鱼和鳐鱼数量大幅下降的情况，以及这种现象对海洋生态系统和气候变化带来的负面影响。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的半个世纪里，鲨鱼和鳐鱼的数量下降了71%，这主要是由于捕鱼压力的增加。此处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语Over the last half century（在过去的半个世纪里），可知此处应用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态；主语shark and ray populations为复数概念，谓语动词也应用复数形式，drop的过去分词为dropped。故填have dropped。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：鲨鱼还有助于将更多的碳储存在海洋深处，而人类活动正将这些碳释放到大气中，加剧了气候变化。此处为“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，carbon“碳”与store“储存”之间为被动关系，即碳被储存，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语，store的过去分词为stored。故填stored。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：鲨鱼还有助于将更多的碳储存在海洋深处，而人类活动正将这些碳释放到大气中，加剧了气候变化。根据句意，此处表示“将……释放到……中”，固定搭配为release...into...，所以此处应用介词into。故填into。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 My understanding of friendship was transformed in 2024, ____17____ I met Sam. We were both new to Middle School, each carrying the various ____18____ (anxiety) of facing a new environment. Our initial encounter was as ordinary as any could be, but it was in that simplicity that the seeds of our friendship ____19____ (sow). As days turned to weeks, we shared our dreams and laughed over silly jokes, ____20____ (find) comfort in each other’s company. 【答案】17. when 18. anxieties 19. were sown 20. finding 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和萨姆之间友谊的故事。 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我对友谊的理解在2024年发生了转变，那一年我遇到了萨姆。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是2024（表示时间），关系词在从句中作时间状语，因此用when。故填when。 【18题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：我们俩都是刚进入中学的学生，每个人心中都怀着面对新环境时的各种焦虑情绪。various（各种各样的）后接可数名词复数，故填anxieties。 【19题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：我们最初的相遇就像大多数相遇一样平常无奇，但正是这种平常之中，我们的友谊的种子被播下。主语the seeds of our friendship与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were sown。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间从几天变成几周，我们分享着彼此的梦想，一起开怀大笑，为彼此的陪伴而感到安心。主语we和find是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填finding。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The PolyU Summer Institute is your gateway to explore an immersive (沉浸式的) university experience at PolyU. You will engage in a series of fun activities led by PolyU student leaders and explore the dynamic campus life. By being part of the Summer Institute, students will: ● Engage in day-long attachment programmes offered by PolyU schools at their choice ● Experience our residential hall life ● Experience PolyU’s interactive teaching and learning through various credit-bearing and non-credit-bearing courses ● Gain first-hand insights for making informed choices for future studies The Summer Institute is designed for Secondary 4 and Secondary 5 students, scheduled for late July 2026 during your summer holiday. In 2026, there are several engaging modes of participation: i) A 5-day 4-night residential camp; and/or ii) A variety of one-week credit-bearing and non-credit-bearing courses Details will be announced in due course. Please stay tuned for our updates! If you are interested in joining in our activities, please provide your information to us through the link here. Sharing from a Participant “The PolyU residential camp was an amazing opportunity to experience university life in person and gain insights into our chosen industry. Though it lasted only a few days, it was more than just a camp — it was about bonding with passionate students from around the world, becoming independent, and taking responsibility for our futures. Special thanks to my group leaders and teammates for making this summer remarkable!” Jessica Ma, SI Participant 2025 21. In the Summer Institute, students will _________. A. design attachment programmes B. arrange campus accommodation C. get practical tips for future careers D. attend interactive university courses 22. To join the Summer Institute, one is required to _________. A. submit personal information online B. sign up for the residential camp C. graduate from secondary school D. earn credits from the courses 23. What does Jessica Ma mainly share as a participant? A. Her story in the camp. B. Her gains from the camp. C. Her reasons for joining the camp. D. Her gratitude to the camp leaders. 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍香港理工大学暑期研习院的活动内容、参与对象、报名方式等信息，还附上了往届参与者的体验分享。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据By being part of the Summer Institute, students will:部分中的“Experience PolyU’s interactive teaching and learning through various credit-bearing and non-credit-bearing courses(通过各种学分和非学分课程，体验香港理工大学互动式的教与学)”可知，学生在暑期研习院会参加大学的互动式课程。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Details will be announced in due course. Please stay tuned for our updates!部分中的“If you are interested in joining in our activities, please provide your information to us through the link here.(如果你有兴趣参加我们的活动，请通过此链接向我们提供你的信息。)”可知，想要参加暑期研习院，需要通过网络提交个人信息。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Jessica Ma的分享“The PolyU residential camp was an amazing opportunity to experience university life in person and gain insights into our chosen industry. Though it lasted only a few days, it was more than just a camp — it was about bonding with passionate students from around the world, becoming independent, and taking responsibility for our futures. (香港理工大学住宿营为我们提供了绝佳的机会，让我们亲身感受大学生活，也深入了解自己选定的行业领域。尽管营地活动仅有短短数日，它却远不止是一场露营活动——在这里，我们与来自世界各地满怀热忱的同学们相知相融，学着独立成长，也学会为自己的未来扛起责任。)”可知，她主要分享了自己从这次住宿营活动中的收获。故选B项。 B I was at work when it happened. Out of the blue, bam! Dizziness struck, extreme and sudden. My stomach was upset, and then, my right eye went dark. Panic rose through me. “Am I dying?” It was like the very foundation of my life cracked (破裂) beneath me. Laid up in that hospital bed, I was depressed, my mind crowded with worries. What about my family? I was their breadwinner; they needed me. And suddenly, I was the one needing support. I came home in a wheelchair. It was like waking up in a house after a storm, everything familiar yet broken in some way. I was left not being able to walk, with constant dizziness and problems with my hands. Thankfully my family was my rock, ready to rebuild with me. With physical therapy (治疗) and support from my wife and kids, I worked on relearning to walk and using my hands again. My son would playfully move my walker, challenging me to walk further. My wife was my balance, literally and figuratively. It was in leaning on them that I first realized recovery wasn’t something I could carry alone. I had to come up with a way to provide for my family. I wanted to be sure they had a home if I wasn’t here. Not to have to worry about rent. One night, I shared a thought with my wife, “What about buying an old house? Our own place, a safety net for you and the kids.” She hesitated, worry in her eyes, but she believed in the dream. That run-down house we bought for $8,000 — It needed a ton of work. As I learned to deal with my disabilities, we slowly reworked the house. This wasn’t just a project; it was our path to recovery. Three and a half years later, we have moved into our home. We have a long way to go and continue to face many challenges as the seasons change. Still, together we’ve made it this far. For anyone out there feeling their life’s foundations shaking, know this: the cracks can be repaired. Whatever things are put in your way, they are not ends, just places where you have to change your path. 24. During his hospital stay, what was the author’s major concern? A. His family’s future. B. His health condition. C. His standing in the family. D. His family’s attitude towards him. 25. Why did the author suggest buying an old house? A. To help his wife achieve her dream. B. To find a way to cut down on the rent. C. To provide a secure shelter for his family. D. To improve their current living conditions. 26. How does the author feel after moving into the house? A. Hopeful. B. Relaxed. C. Aimless. D. Anxious. 27. What does the author’s experience show? A. What goes up must come down. B. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. C. When one door closes, another opens. D. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者突发重病，失去自理能力，在家人陪伴下康复，还翻新旧房为家人打造安稳居所，领悟到困境并非终点，只是需要改变前行的道路。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Laid up in that hospital bed, I was depressed, my mind crowded with worries. What about my family? I was their breadwinner; they needed me.(躺在那张医院病床上，我心情低落，满脑子都是担忧。我的家人怎么办？我是他们的经济支柱；他们需要我)”可知，在住院期间，作者最关心的是他的家人的未来。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“What about buying an old house? Our own place, a safety net for you and the kids.(那买一栋老房子怎么样呢？这会是我们自己的家，也是你们和孩子们的避风港)”可知，作者建议购买一座老房子是为了为家人提供一个安全的住所。故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Three and a half years later, we have moved into our home. We have a long way to go and continue to face many challenges as the seasons change.(三年半之后，我们搬进了新家。尽管前方还有很长的路要走，而且随着季节的变化还会面临诸多挑战，但我们仍会坚持不懈地前行)”可知，作者搬进这所房子后感觉充满希望。故选A。 27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whatever things are put in your way, they are not ends, just places where you have to change your path.(无论你遇到什么困难，它们并不是终点，而只是你必须改变前行路线的节点而已)”以及讲述了作者突然患病，失去工作与自理能力，人生的门看似关闭，却在家人支持下翻新房屋、重获生活希望，可知，作者的经历表明了当一扇门关闭时，另一扇门就会打开。故选C。 C Today’s best artificial intelligence (AI) models sail through the Turing test, a famous thought experiment that asks whether a computer can pass as a human by interacting through text. Some see an upgraded test as a necessary standard for progress towards artificial general intelligence (AGI) — an unclear term used by many technology firms to mean an AI system with the resourcefulness to match any human cognitive (认知的) ability. But at an academic event on 2 October, several researchers said that the Turing test should be abandoned altogether, and that developers should instead focus on evaluating AI safety and building specific capabilities that could be of benefit to the public. “The idea of AGI might not be the right goal, at least not now,” said Gary Marcus, a neuroscientist. This doubt is rooted in the fundamental limitations of current AI, which are often optimized versions of large language models (LLMs). In March, researchers tested four chatbots in a version of the Turing test, and found that the best models passed. Yet the fact that chatbots can imitate (模仿) speech credibly does not mean that they can understand, said several researchers at the event. Although LLM responses can be surprisingly human, “when you go outside the box of what you normally ask of these systems, they have a lot of trouble”, said Marcus. As examples, he cited the inability of some models to label the parts on an elephant correctly, or to draw clock hands in anywhere but the ten and two positions. For this reason, models could still fail the Turing test if they are challenged by a scientist who knows their weaknesses. Shannon Vallor, an AI ethicist (伦理学家), argued that the focus on AGI is a distraction that allows tech firms to ignore potential harms of the technology, such as de-skilling humans, producing false and negative imaginations and deepening existing prejudices in the data LLMs learn from. Rather than intelligence standards, models should compete on safety measures, “along with the test of how easy it is to abuse the tool and how likely the tool is to do something unexpected and undesirable in a real-world context”, she said. William Isaac, who researches AI use in public policy broadly agreed; the Turing test of the future should question whether an AI is safe, reliable and provides meaningful benefit. 28. What does the author intend to do by mentioning AGI in Paragraph 2? A. Clarify a concept. B. Highlight a problem. C. Make a prediction. D. Justify a comparison. 29. What can we learn about LLMs from this passage? A. They have human-like understanding. B. They succeed in upgraded Turing tests. C. They outperform humans in responsiveness. D. They need to be developed for the public good. 30. As for tech firms’ current practices, Shannon Vallor is ________. A. appreciative B. doubtful C. cautious D. critical 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. The functions of current AI. B. The proposal of a new AI test. C. A shift in the focus of AI research. D. A debate on the test performance of AI. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨图灵测试的局限性，多位研究者认为应摒弃该测试，将AI研究重心转向安全性评估与公共有益能力的构建，而非追求通用人工智能。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Some see an upgraded test as a necessary standard for progress towards artificial general intelligence (AGI) — an unclear term used by many technology firms to mean an AI system with the resourcefulness to match any human cognitive ability. But at an academic event on 2 October, several researchers said that the Turing test should be abandoned altogether, and that developers should instead focus on evaluating AI safety and building specific capabilities that could be of benefit to the public. (一些人将升级版测试视为迈向通用人工智能的必要标准，通用人工智能是许多科技公司使用的一个模糊术语，指的是一种拥有与人类任何认知能力相匹敌的应变能力的人工智能系统。但在10月2日的一场学术活动中，几位研究人员表示，图灵测试应该被彻底摒弃，开发者反而应该专注于评估人工智能的安全性，并构建可能对公众有益的特定能力。)”可知，作者提及通用人工智能是为了引出研究者对图灵测试的质疑，凸显当下以通用人工智能为目标、依赖图灵测试的问题。故选B项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But at an academic event on 2 October, several researchers said that the Turing test should be abandoned altogether, and that developers should instead focus on evaluating AI safety and building specific capabilities that could be of benefit to the public. (但在10月2日的一场学术活动中，几位研究人员表示，图灵测试应该被彻底摒弃，开发者反而应该专注于评估人工智能的安全性，并构建可能对公众有益的特定能力。)”以及第三段中的“This doubt is rooted in the fundamental limitations of current AI, which are often optimized versions of large language models (LLMs). (这种质疑源于当前人工智能的根本性局限，而当前的人工智能往往是大型语言模型的优化版本。)”可知，大型语言模型作为当前AI的主要形式，需要朝着为公共利益服务的方向发展。故选D项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Shannon Vallor, an AI ethicist (伦理学家), argued that the focus on AGI is a distraction that allows tech firms to ignore potential harms of the technology, such as de-skilling humans, producing false and negative imaginations and deepening existing prejudices in the data LLMs learn from. (人工智能伦理学家香农·瓦洛尔认为，对通用人工智能的关注是一种干扰，这让科技公司忽视了该技术的潜在危害，比如导致人类技能退化、产生虚假和负面的想象，以及加深大型语言模型所学习数据中现存的偏见。)”可知，香农·瓦洛尔对科技公司当前聚焦通用人工智能、忽视技术潜在危害的做法持批判态度。故选D项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段指出当下优秀的AI模型能通过图灵测试，第二段引出研究者认为应摒弃图灵测试、转而关注AI安全性和公共有益能力，后续段落通过多位研究者的观点，分析当前AI的局限、科技公司做法的问题，并提出未来AI测试应聚焦安全性、可靠性和实际益处，核心围绕AI研究重心应从图灵测试、通用人工智能转向安全性与公共利益展开，即AI研究重心的转变。故选C项。 D Initially, the railways experienced a period of rapid expansion, but since the mid-twentieth century, railway development in most countries has hit the buffers. It’s time to turn the tables, and acknowledge the vast benefits of railways as a cornerstone of a sustainable transport system that can support human development and economic growth. According to the International Energy Agency, transport currently accounts for around one-quarter of global CO2 emissions (排放). Between 1990 and 2022, those emissions grew by 1.7% a year — an increase greater than that of any part besides industry — as more people in more parts of the world became more mobile. Over 90% of the energy used to power transport comes from fossil (化石的) fuels. Those figures alone justify a renewed focus on rail transport. Per passenger kilometre, it produces one-fifth of the emissions of car transport, and less than one-quarter of those of flying. Direct emissions can be cut to zero if trains are powered by fully renewable electricity. Rail transport also contributes little in the way of air polluting emissions, which are a health threat. This is particularly important in a rapidly urbanizing world. Better rail-based mass-transport options could help to reduce urban expansion, as well as the land needed for roads, car parks and other car-related systems and services. Less-crowded cities with fewer motor vehicles are more liveable places where people tend to walk and cycle more, gaining the health benefits of these activities. They are also more inclusive, particularly for younger and older people who are less likely to own a vehicle. As both urbanization and average population density (密度) grow, research shows that there are more economic benefits of investment in rail than those of investment in roads. But it is not just cities. Research shows that cuts to rail services in rural areas have resulted in population decline, job losses, and a drop in skilled workers. One way research can help to get things back on track is by broadening the standard governments use to assess railway investment. Research can also present the winners and losers created by investment decisions. In short, turning around the ignoring of a technology, which has not only changed the world but could also save the planet, is a critical priority of our time. 32. What does the phrase “hit the buffers” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Come into focus. B. Run into a barrier. C. Created inconvenience. D. Reached a stable state. 33. What can we learn about rail transport from this passage? A. It can drive urban and rural population decline. B. It can achieve significant benefits in investment. C. It can promote the well-being of urban residents. D. It can become a major source of carbon emissions. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. An Ideal Replacement for Cars and Planes B. Make Trains Great Again for Our Planet C. A Good Product of Modern Technology D. Make Trains an Urban-Rural Bridge 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了铁路发展遇阻的现状，阐述铁路运输在减排、环保、民生和经济等方面的诸多益处，呼吁重视并重新发展铁路运输。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Initially, the railways experienced a period of rapid expansion, but since the mid-twentieth century, railway development in most countries has hit the buffers.(最初，铁路经历了一段快速扩张期，但自20世纪中期以来，大多数国家的铁路发展都hit the buffers)”可知，句中存在转折关系，前文说铁路快速扩张，后文应指其发展陷入困境、遇到阻碍，因此该短语意为“遭遇阻碍”。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Less-crowded cities with fewer motor vehicles are more liveable places where people tend to walk and cycle more, gaining the health benefits of these activities. They are also more inclusive, particularly for younger and older people who are less likely to own a vehicle.(机动车更少、不那么拥挤的城市是更宜居的地方，人们会更多地步行和骑行，从这些活动中获得健康益处。这样的城市也更具包容性，尤其是对那些不太可能拥有车辆的年轻人和老年人而言)”可知，铁路运输能让城市更宜居、居民获得健康益处且城市更具包容性。由此推知，铁路运输能提升城市居民的生活幸福感。故选C项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Those figures alone justify a renewed focus on rail transport. (单是这些数据就足以证明，重新关注铁路运输是合理的)”以及“Direct emissions can be cut to zero if trains are powered by fully renewable electricity. (如果火车使用完全可再生的电力驱动，其直接排放可以降至零)”和最后一段中的“In short, turning around the ignoring of a technology, which has not only changed the world but could also save the planet, is a critical priority of our time. (简而言之，改变对这项不仅改变了世界还能拯救地球的技术的忽视，是我们这个时代的关键要务)”可知，文章核心呼吁重新重视铁路运输，发挥其减排、环保等优势，助力保护地球。由此可知，“让火车为我们的星球再次焕发光彩”最贴合主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why do some people seem endlessly curious while others prefer the comfort of the familiar? We often think of curiosity as, a stable personal characteristic, part of what makes each person unique. ____35____ A new study published in Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences argues that curiosity evolves (进化) with our environment. For both humans and animals, curiosity motivates information seeking. Exploring new places or understanding others’ behavior all provide knowledge that can improve survival and reproduction. But exploration also involves risk. Searching for something new consumes time and energy and may expose one to failure or harm. ____36____ In secure, resource-rich contexts, the cost of failure is low, and the long-term benefits of information are high. In contrast, in unpredictable environments, curiosity can be costly. ____37____ Participants completed a measure of curiosity, covering five dimensions. The researchers also measured participants’ socioeconomic status (地位) (SES), both current and during childhood. The results showed that higher current SES predicted higher curiosity, while childhood SES showed little effect. This suggests that curiosity is not fixed early in life but remains flexible, responding dynamically to current ecological conditions. Authors interpret curiosity as a behavioral flexibility that allows individuals to adjust to their environments. Rather than being a fixed characteristic, curiosity may turn up when conditions are stable and safe, and turn down when uncertainty makes exploration costly. ____38____ Monkeys, birds, and even bees explore more in safe, resource-rich settings. Interestingly, the findings also suggest a feedback cycle, While economic stability may encourage curiosity, curiosity itself can drive economic growth. People who are more curious often acquire more knowledge and skills, and seek new opportunities — all of which can improve economic outcomes, ____39____ A. The same pattern appears across the animal kingdom. B. When the economy is stable, the cost of exploration remains uncertain. C. The researchers in this study tested this idea using data from 962 adults. D. Yet recent evidence suggests it may be far more flexible than we realize. E. Over time, curiosity and economic success may fuel one another continually. F. However, the researchers find that curiosity has different effects on humans and animals. G. Behavioral ecology predicts that exploration should therefore vary with environmental conditions. 【答案】35. D 36. G 37. C 38. A 39. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探究好奇心的影响因素，指出其非固定特质，会随环境进化，且与经济状况相互影响，动物界也存在相同规律。 【35题详解】 根据前文“We often think of curiosity as, a stable personal characteristic, part of what makes each person unique.(我们通常认为好奇心是一种稳定的个人特质，是让每个人与众不同的一部分。)”以及后文“A new study published in Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences argues that curiosity evolves (进化) with our environment.(发表在《进化行为科学》上的一项新研究认为，好奇心会随着我们的环境而进化。)”可知，前文提出人们对好奇心的传统认知即稳定特质，后文则给出新研究的不同结论，此空应表转折，衔接两种观点，D选项“Yet recent evidence suggests it may be far more flexible than we realize.(然而最近的证据表明，它可能比我们意识到的要灵活得多。)”中的Yet表转折，flexible与前文的stable形成对比，且为后文新研究结论做铺垫，符合语境。故选D项。 【36题详解】 根据前文“But exploration also involves risk. Searching for something new consumes time and energy and may expose one to failure or harm.(但探索也伴随着风险。寻找新事物会消耗时间和精力，还可能让人遭遇失败或伤害。)”以及后文“In secure, resource-rich contexts, the cost of failure is low, and the long-term benefits of information are high. In contrast, in unpredictable environments, curiosity can be costly.(在安全、资源丰富的环境中，失败的代价很低，而信息带来的长期收益很高。相反，在不可预测的环境中，好奇心可能会付出高昂的代价。)”可知，前文说明探索存在风险，后文具体阐述不同环境下探索的不同结果，此空应提出探索会随环境变化的观点，衔接前后文，G选项“Behavioral ecology predicts that exploration should therefore vary with environmental conditions.(因此，行为生态学预测探索行为会随着环境条件的变化而变化。)”中的therefore承接前文的探索风险，且引出后文不同环境的具体情况，符合语境。故选G项。 【37题详解】 根据后文“Participants completed a measure of curiosity, covering five dimensions. The researchers also measured participants’ socioeconomic status (地位) (SES), both current and during childhood. The results showed that higher current SES predicted higher curiosity, while childhood SES showed little effect.(参与者完成了一项包含五个维度的好奇心测试。研究人员还测量了参与者当前和童年时期的社会经济地位。结果显示，当前的社会经济地位越高，好奇心越强，而童年时期的社会经济地位则几乎没有影响。)”可知，后文详细介绍了研究的参与者、测试内容和研究结果，此空应引出这项具体的研究，C选项“The researchers in this study tested this idea using data from 962 adults.(该研究的研究人员利用962名成年人的数据验证了这一观点。)”中的this idea指代前文探索随环境变化的观点，且引出后文的研究细节，符合语境。故选C项。 【38题详解】 根据前文“Rather than being a fixed characteristic, curiosity may turn up when conditions are stable and safe, and turn down when uncertainty makes exploration costly.(好奇心并非一种固定的特质，在环境稳定安全时会增强，而在不确定性让探索付出高昂代价时会减弱。)”以及后文“Monkeys, birds, and even bees explore more in safe, resource-rich settings.(猴子、鸟类甚至蜜蜂在安全、资源丰富的环境中会进行更多的探索。)”可知，前文说明人类的好奇心随环境变化的规律，后文列举了动物的相关情况，此空应衔接人类与动物的规律，指出动物界也有相同模式，A选项“The same pattern appears across the animal kingdom.(同样的模式也出现在整个动物界。)”中的The same pattern指代前文人类好奇心的变化规律，且引出后文动物的例子，符合语境。故选A项。 【39题详解】 根据前文“Interestingly, the findings also suggest a feedback cycle, While economic stability may encourage curiosity, curiosity itself can drive economic growth. People who are more curious often acquire more knowledge and skills, and seek new opportunities — all of which can improve economic outcomes(有趣的是，研究结果还表明存在一个反馈循环：经济稳定可能会促进好奇心，而好奇心本身也能推动经济增长。好奇心更强的人往往会掌握更多的知识和技能，寻找新的机会——所有这些都能改善经济状况)”可知，前文点明好奇心与经济状况之间存在相互促进的反馈循环，此空应对这一循环进行总结，E选项“Over time, curiosity and economic success may fuel one another continually.(久而久之，好奇心和经济上的成功可能会持续相互促进。)”中的fuel one another continually与前文的feedback cycle相呼应，且是对前文内容的总结，符合语境。故选E项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Repetition, that is, doing the same thing repeatedly, is essential for learning and mastering new skills. It is the pathway to success in any field. Examples from the world of sports and music illustrate this principle. Even older adults can benefit from task repetition to improve their working memory performance. Repetition builds habits. As you repeat something over and over again it becomes rooted in your subconscious, allowing you to act on it without conscious effort. Whether you’re learning to play an instrument, speak a new language, or excel at a sport, repetition is key for building muscle memory and improving your performance. Familiarity is the basic source of psychological and social stability. The mere exposure effect suggests that familiarity leads to liking. Many sensory experiences (e.g. coffee or music), with repeated exposure, can become increasingly pleasant. Repetition is a key element in music. In listening to music, the expectation is that we will encounter repetition and that it will be a source of pleasure. Repetition in music can be a motif (主旋律) repeated throughout a composition or a favorite song played again and again. A repeated musical motif can build pleasurable expectations in the listener. In fact, if every measure of a melody (旋律) is completely different from all the previous measures, the melody will be difficult to remember. In sum, repetition is what we tell ourselves growing up: No matter what you do, just keep practicing. By adopting repetition as an essential part of your personal growth journey, you can make consistent progress toward your goals and achieve the success you desire. 40. What can task repetition help older adults do? _________________________________________________________________________ 41. What does the mere exposure effect show? _________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from different measures of a melody. _________________________________________________________________________ 43. How does repetition help you in your daily life? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It can help them improve their working memory performance. 41. It shows that familiarity leads to liking. 42. In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from different measures of a melody. Explanation: In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from repetition (of a musical motif). 43. Repetition helps me practice English words every day, making them rooted in my mind. It also builds my habit of reading, helping me make steady progress in my language learning. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了重复在学习、培养习惯、带来心理社交稳定以及音乐领域的重要作用，指出重复是实现目标和获得成功的关键。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Even older adults can benefit from task repetition to improve their working memory performance.(即使是老年人也能从任务重复中获益，以提高他们的工作记忆表现。)”可知，任务重复能够帮助老年人提高他们的工作记忆表现。故答案为It can help them improve their working memory performance. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“The mere exposure effect suggests that familiarity leads to liking.(单纯曝光效应表明熟悉会产生喜爱之情。)”可知，单纯曝光效应表明熟悉会让人产生喜爱情感。故答案为It shows that familiarity leads to liking. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第四段“In listening to music, the expectation is that we will encounter repetition and that it will be a source of pleasure.(在听音乐时，我们期望能感受到重复，而重复会成为愉悦感的来源。)”以及“A repeated musical motif can build pleasurable expectations in the listener.(重复的音乐主旋律能在听者心中建立愉悦的期待。)”可知，听音乐时愉悦的期待来自重复而非旋律的不同小节。故In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from different measures of a melody.中“different measures of a melody”错误，应改为“repetition (of a musical motif)”。故答案为In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from different measures of a melody. Explanation: In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from repetition (of a musical motif). 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。重复练习帮助我每天学习英语单词，让这些单词深深扎根在我的脑海中。它还培养了我阅读的习惯，助力我在语言学习上稳步取得进步。故答案为Repetition helps me practice English words every day, making them rooted in my mind. It also builds my habit of reading, helping me make steady progress in my language learning.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）。 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim所在学校正在开展以“Art Connects the World”为主题的艺术作品征集活动。他打算参加，为此发来邮件，就作品形式及内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 提出的建议； 2. 建议的理由。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, I’m excited to hear you’re joining the “Art Connects the World” event! I’d suggest creating a painting or digital artwork that blends traditional Chinese elements — like ink wash landscapes or paper-cutting — with symbols from your own culture, such as national patterns or landmarks. This fusion would perfectly reflect the theme by showing how art bridges cultural gaps. It’s not only visually striking but also tells a story of shared humanity. Plus, your unique perspective as someone who appreciates both cultures will make the piece truly meaningful and original. Can’t wait to see what you create! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高三学生李华的身份，给外国好友Jim回邮件，为其参加“Art Connects the World”艺术作品征集活动提供作品形式及内容建议，并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 激动的：excited → thrilled 融合：blend → combine 象征：symbol → icon 独特的：unique → distinctive 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It’s not only visually striking but also tells a story of shared humanity. 拓展句：Not only is it visually striking but also it tells a story of shared humanity. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’d suggest creating a painting or digital artwork that blends traditional Chinese elements — like ink wash landscapes or paper-cutting — with symbols from your own culture, such as national patterns or landmarks.（运用了that引导的定语从句修饰artwork） 【高分句型2】This fusion would perfectly reflect the theme by showing how art bridges cultural gaps.（运用了how引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $