内容正文:
Module 2
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
1. 关于天气的单词(词性) 2.at/on/in+时间的区分 3.like的用法 4.let的用法 5.play的用法
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
高频易错点01
描述天气的单词,分清单词的词性及用法
动词
名词
形容词
rain
下雨
rainy
多雨的
snow
下雪·
snowy
多雪的
wind
风
windy
多风的
cloud
云
cloudy
多云的
sun
太阳
sunny
晴朗的
warm
温暖的
cold
寒冷的
hot
炎热的
易错点提示
都是用来形容天气,什么时候用动词,什么时候用名词,什么时候用形容词?
形容词:描述天气的 “状态”( It's rainy.)
形容词不能单独作谓语,必须和 be 动词(is/am/are/was/were)连用。
动词:描述天气的 “动作”(It is going to rain.)
动词可以单独作谓语,不需要搭配 be 动词(进行时除外,be+doing 是固定结构)。
名词:指代天气的 “现象 / 事物”(There is a heavy rain in Beijing.)
常用搭配句型 There be + 限定词(a/heavy/little) + 天气名词 + (地点).
(用 There be 句型表示 “某地有某种天气”)
易错点(以rain为例)
It is going to rain./It is going to be rainy.(形容词前边加be,名词用法在小学阶段考得较少)
小练笔
1. It will ____________(cloudy/be cloudy) tomorrow.
2. It won't ____________(snow/cold) on Monday.
3. It won't be __________(wind) tomorrow.
( )4. It __________ now. We can't go out to play.
A. rains B. is going to rain C. is raining
( )5. It always________ and it often _________ in Harbin in winter.
A. hot; rains B. cold;snow C. cold;snows
点拨
1. 答案:be cloudy
解析:“will”是助动词,后面要接动词原形,“cloudy”是形容词,不能直接跟在“will”后,需要用“be + 形容词”的结构来描述天气状况,所以填“be cloudy”,表示“明天将会是多云的”。
2. 答案:snow
解析:“won't”是“will not”的缩写,后面要接动词原形.
3. 答案:windy
解析:“be”动词后面要接形容词来描述天气,“wind”是名词(风)或动词(吹风),“windy”是形容词(有风的),所以这里应该用“windy”,句子意思是“明天不会刮风”。
4. 答案:C
解析:根据“now”可知,此句要用现在进行时,现在进行时的结构是“am/is/are + 现在分词”。“rains”是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式,“is going to rain”是一般将来时,“is raining”是现在进行时,所以选C,句子意为“现在正在下雨。我们不能出去玩”。
5. 答案:C
解析:第一个空,这里需要一个形容词来描述天气,“hot”(热的)不符合哈尔滨冬天的天气特点,“cold”(冷的)符合,所以第一个空填“cold”;第二个空,“often”用于一般现在时,主语“it”是第三人称单数,动词要用第三人称单数形式,“snow”是动词(下雪),“snows”是其第三人称单数形式,所以第二个空填“snows”,句子意为“哈尔滨冬天总是很冷,而且经常下雪”。
高频易错点02
at/on/in这三个单词都可以与表示时间或地点的词连用,但具体用法却并不相同。
易错点提示
(1)表示时间时:
①at后面可加具体的时刻。E.g. at five o' clock
②on用在具体的某一天的前面。(on+星期几/ on+带Day的节日)
E.g. on Tuesday/on Thanksgiving
③in可用在表示世纪、年份、季节、月份等时间段的词前。 E.g. in July/in summer/in 2003
(2)表示地点时:
①on可表示在······之上(接触面)E.g. on the desk在书桌上
②in后可跟大的地点 E.g. in Beijing在北京
③at后可跟小的地点 E.g. at home在家
小练笔
用at/on/in填空
1.I usually get up ________ 7:00 a.m
2.My birthday is ________ May 10th.
3.They watch TV ________ the evening.
4.She goes to bed _______ night.
5.Let's meet ________ three o'clock this afternoon.
6.The birds fly back _________ spring.
7.There are many tall buildings ________ Shanghai.
8. I left my umbrella ______ the bus yesterday.
9.My mother is waiting for me _______ the school gate(大门).
点拨
1.答案:at
解析: 这里指的是具体的时间点(7点整)。英语中,表示具体的时刻(几点几分),前面要用介词 at。
2.答案:on
解析: 这里指的是具体的某一天(5月10日)。英语中,表示具体的某一天(日期、星期几等),前面要用介词 on。
3.答案:in
解析: 这里指的是泛指的上午、下午或晚上。英语中,表示较长的时间段(如上午、下午、晚上、月份、年份、季节等),前面通常用介词 in。
4.答案:at
解析: 这里考察的是固定短语 at night(在晚上)。 (类似的还有 at noon, at dawn)。
5.答案:at
解析: 这里指的是具体的时间点(3点钟)。尽管后面有 "this afternoon" 作为背景,但在具体的钟点前面,依然要用介词 at。
6. 答案:in
解析: 这里指的是季节“春天”。英语中,表示季节、月份、年份、世纪等较长的时间段,前面通常用介词 in。
7. 答案:in
解析: 这里指的是大地点“上海”。英语中,表示在较大的地点(如城市、国家、州等)里面,前面通常用介词 in。
8. 答案:on
解析: 这里指的是在交通工具“公交车”上。英语中,表示在交通工具内部(特别是公共汽车、火车、飞机、船等),通常用介词 on。如果是指小轿车里,通常用 in。
9. 答案:at
解析: 这里指的是具体的地点“学校门口”。英语中,表示在具体的某一点、小地点或门口,前面通常用介词 at。
高频易错点03
like不同的词性对应不同的用法
易错点提示1
like(动词)喜欢,喜爱
用法:①like+名词 ②like doing sth. ③like to do sth
like(介词)像…… 一样
用法:look like... 看起来像...
小练笔
( ) 1. —What ______ your mother like? —She is tall and thin.
A. do B. does C. is
( ) 2. Tom ______ swimming in summer, but he doesn’t ______ to swim today because it’s cold.
A. likes; like B. like; likes C. likes; likes
( ) 3. —Does your brother like ______ basketball? —Yes, he often plays it with his friends.
A. play B. plays C. playing
4. He looks__________ his father. They both have big eyes.
5. My parents _________ drinking tea after dinner.
点拨
1.答案:C
解析:根据答语 “她又高又瘦”,可知问句是询问外貌,用 What is sb. like? 句型。
2.答案:A
解析:第一空主语 Tom 是第三人称单数,用 likes doing sth. 表爱好;第二空助动词 doesn’t 后接动词原形 like。
3.答案:C
解析:like 后接动名词 doing 表爱好,故选 playing。
4.答案:like
解析:此处 like 是介词,意为 “像”,look like为固定搭配,意为“看起来像”。
5.答案:like
解析:主语 my parents 是复数,动词用原形。
高频易错点04
Let(使役动词,让...)用法
易错点提示
1. Let sb. do sth. (让某人做某事) Let me help you. (让我帮你吧。)
1 sb. 要用人称代词宾格(me/him/her/us/them) ② do 用动词原形,不能加 to
2. Let's do= Let us (让我们……,表建议) Let's play football after class.
小练笔
( ) 1.Let ______ go to the supermarket this weekend.
A. we B. us C. our
( ) 2.—Let's ______ a song for our teacher. —Good idea!
A. sing B. sings C. singing
( ) 3.Don't let the baby ______ with the knife. It's very dangerous.
A. play B. plays C. to play
( ) 4.Which sentence is correct?
A. Let's not late for class.
B. Let's not to watch TV too much.
C. Let's not run in the hallways.
( ) 5.Let ______ help you carry the heavy box, Grandma.
A. I B. me C. my
点拨
答案:B
解析:let 后接人称代词宾格作宾语。we 是主格,our 是形容词性物主代词,只有 us(我们)是宾格,符合句型 Let sb. do sth.
答案:A
解析:Let's 是 Let us 的缩写,后接动词原形,表示 “让我们做某事”。sings 是动词第三人称单数,singing 是动名词,均不符合要求。
答案:A
解析:否定句型 Don't let sb. do sth. 中,sb. 后面必须接动词原形。plays 是第三人称单数形式,to play 是不定式,都不适用。
答案:C
解析:Let's 的否定形式是 Let's not + 动词原形。A 选项缺少动词 be(应为 Let's not be late);B 选项多了 to;C 选项结构正确,意为 “咱们不要在走廊里跑”。
答案:B
解析:let 后接宾格。I 是主格,my 是形容词性物主代词,me 是 I 的宾格形式,符合句型要求
高频易错点05
play后边可以加球类、棋类、乐器类,有不同的用法
易错点提示
①play +球类、棋类,(前不加 the ) play basketball;play chess
②play + the +乐器名称(乐器前必须加 the ) play the piano;play the guitar
③play with...(“和...一起玩” ) play with the snow;play with my sister
小练笔
( )1. My brother likes to ______ football with his classmates after school.
A. play B. play the C. playing
( )2. —Can your sister ______ the violin?—Yes, she can play it very well.
A. play B. play the C. plays
( )3. Don’t ______ with the cat. It may hurt you.
A. play B. plays C. playing
( )4. Tom ______ chess with his father every weekend.
A. plays the B. plays C. playing
5.My little brother is very cute. I like play with______(he).
点拨
1.答案:A
解析:football(足球)是球类运动,play 后接球类时不加 the;like to 后接动词原形,故选 play。
2.答案:B
解析:violin(小提琴)是乐器,play 后接乐器时必须加 the;情态动词 can 后接动词原形,故选 play the。
3.答案:A
解析:“play with + 某物” 表示 “玩某物”,是固定搭配;祈使句 Don’t 后接动词原形,故选 play。
4.答案:B
解析:主语 Tom 是第三人称单数,句子是一般现在时,谓语动词 play 要变三单形式 plays; play chess前边不能加the,因此A不对。
5.答案:him
解析:句子 "I like play with _____" 中,介词 "with" 后面需要跟一个宾语。
综合训练
一、基础填空题
(1) 单词的适当形式填空
1.It will be ________ (sun) tomorrow.
2.Let's go to the park. It ______________ (rain) hard now. Please take an umbrella.
3.Harbin often ________ (snow) in winter. We can make snowmen there.
4.It won't _____________ (wind) this afternoon. We can fly kites tomorrow.
5.There is a heavy __________ (rain) in Guangzhou today.
6.Tom ________ (like) playing football. He plays it every weekend.
7.________ (let) us clean the classroom together.
8.Don't ________ (play) with fire. It's very dangerous.
9.My sister likes __________(draw) pictures on Sundays.
10.Can you ________ (play) the piano? I want to listen to music.
(2) 用 at/on/in 填空
11.My father goes to work ________ 8:00 a.m. every day.
12.We will have a party ________ New Year's Day.
13.They are going to travel ________ July.
14.There are many beautiful parks ________ Beijing.
15.She is waiting for her friend ________ the bus stop.
二、单项选择
( ) 1. It ________ cloudy tomorrow. We plan to visit the museum.
A. is B. will be C. will
( ) 2. My father usually goes to work ________ 7:30 a.m. every Monday.
A. at B. on C. in
( ) 3. —What ________ your English teacher like?
—She is kind and patient.
A. do B. does C. is
( ) 4. Let ________ help you with your homework. You look tired.
A. I B. me C. my
( ) 5. Tom likes ________ basketball, but he can't ________ the piano.
A. play; play B. playing; play the C. playing the; play
( ) 6. It is________ now. Please take a raincoat when you go out.
A. rains B. rainy C. rain
( ) 7. We will have a party ________ the evening of December 25th.
A. in B. on C. at
( ) 8. There are many tall buildings ________ Shanghai. It's a big city.
A. in B. on C. at
( ) 9. —Does Lucy like ________ with her little sister? —Yes, they often play games together.
A. play B. plays C. playing
( ) 10. Don't let the children ________ near the lake. It's dangerous.
A. go B. goes C. to go
( ) 11. It often ________ in spring and it's ________ today.
A. rain; windy B. rains; windy C. rains; wind
( ) 12. My birthday is ________ May. My sister's birthday is ________ May 12th.
A. in; in B. in; on C. on; in
( ) 13. He looks ________ his father. They both have round faces.
A. like B. likes C. liking
( ) 14. Let's ________ songs for our parents. They work hard every day.
A. sing B. sings C. singing
( ) 15. My brother can ________ chess very well, but he can't ________ football.
A. play; play B. play the; play C. play; play the
三、短文填空(阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式)
It's Saturday today. Let 1. ________ (we) go to the zoo. The zoo is 2. ________ our city. We will meet 3. ________ 9:30 a.m. at the bus stop. Don't be late! The weather is sunny and 4. ________ (wind). We can take some water with us.Do you like 5. __________ (play) with animals.But we can’t play with animals in the zoo. It's not good for 6._______(they).
参考答案
一、基础填空题
1. sunny 2. is raining 3. snows 4. be windy 5. rain 6. likes 7. Let 8. play 9. drawing
10. play 11. at 12. on 13. in 14. in 15. at
1. sunny
1.解析:句意为“明天将会是晴天”。系动词 be 后面需要接形容词来描述天气,sun(太阳)是名词,其形容词形式是 sunny。
2. is raining
解析:句意为“现在雨下得很大”。根据时间状语 now(现在),句子要用现在进行时,结构为 be + doing。主语是第三人称单数 It,所以 be 动词用 is,rain 变成 raining。
3. snows
解析:句意为“哈尔滨冬天经常下雪”。根据频率副词 often(经常),句子用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数地名 Harbin,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,snow 变为 snows。
4. be windy
解析:句意为“今天下午不会刮风”。助动词 won't 后面接动词原形。这里表示天气状况,需要用系表结构 "be + 形容词"。wind(风)是名词,形容词形式是 windy(有风的)。所以填 be windy。
5. rain
解析:句意为“广州今天有一场大雨”。a 后面需要接名词单数。heavy(大量的)是形容词,修饰名词 rain。虽然 rain 作动词也是下雨,但这里 a heavy rain 是固定搭配,指一场大雨。
6. likes
解析:句意为“汤姆喜欢踢足球”。根据后一句 He plays... 可知句子用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数 Tom,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,所以 like 变为 likes。
这是图片中题目的答案及详细解析:
7.Let
解析: 这是一个祈使句,句首单词首字母需要大写。"Let us..." 意为“让我们……”。
8.play
解析: "Don't" 是助动词 "do" 的否定形式,后面必须接动词原形。这是一个祈使句的否定形式,意为“不要做某事”。
9.drawing / to draw
解析: 动词 "like" 后面既可以接动名词(doing)表示“习惯性喜欢做某事”,也可以接不定式(to do)表示“喜欢做某事”。
10.play
解析: 情态动词 "Can" 后面必须接动词原形。
11.at
解析: 具体的时刻点(如 8:00, 3:30 等)前面用介词 at。
12.on
解析: 具体的某一天(如节日、星期几、某月某日)前面用介词 on。New Year's Day(元旦)是具体的一天。
13.in
解析: 月份(July, August 等)、年份、季节前面用介词 in。
14.in
解析: 在较大的地点(如城市、国家、州)前面用介词 in。例如 in China, in Shanghai。
15.at
解析: 在较小的、具体的地点或位置(如车站、机场、电影院、学校门口)通常用介词 at。
二、单项选择
1-5 B A C B B 6-10 B B A C A 11-15 B B A A A
1.B 解析:cloudy 是形容词,will 后接 be + 形容词,表将来天气状态)
2.A 解析:具体时刻前用介词 at
3.C 解析:询问外貌 / 性格用 What is sb. like? 句型
4.B 解析:let 后接人称代词宾格,I 的宾格是 me
5.B 解析:play 后接球类不加 the,接乐器加 the;like 后接 doing 表爱好
6.B 解析:由 now 可知用现在进行时,结构为 be+doing
7.B 解析:具体某一天的上午 / 下午 / 晚上用介词 on
8.A 解析:大地点前用介词 in
9.C 解析:like doing sth. 表爱好,play with 是固定搭配
10.A 解析:let sb. do sth. 固定句型,sb. 后接动词原形
11.B 解析:often 用于一般现在时,主语 it 是三单,rain 变 rains;be 动词后接形容词 windy
12.B 解析:月份前用 in,具体日期前用 on
13.A 解析:look like 是固定搭配,like 此处为介词 “像”
14.A 解析:Let's 后接动词原形
15.A 解析:play 后接棋类、球类均不加 the
三、短文填空(阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式)
1.us 2.in 3.at 4.windy 5.playing/to play 6.them
1.us 解析:let 后接人称代词宾格
2.in 解析:大地点 “我们的城市” 前用 in
3.at 解析:具体时刻前用 at
4.windy 解析:be 动词后接形容词
5.playing/to play 解析:like后接动词ing形式或to do
6.them 解析:for后接人称代词宾格
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