Module 3（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语外研版三起六年级下册

Module 3 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 祈使句 高频易错点01 现在进行时 高频易错点02 一般过去时 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 现在进行时 高频易错点01 一、概念 表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作 二、时间标志词 1.有Listen!/ Look!等置于句首 Look! The boys are playing football. 2.now/at this moment I’m reading now. 3.根据上下文语境，暗示动作正在发生时使用现在进行时。 Be quiet! / Don't shout! The baby is sleeping. 三、句型结构 1. 肯定句：主语 + be(am/is/are) +V.现在分词+... . He is playing football. 2. 否定句：主语 +be(am/is/are) not +V.现在分词+... . He isn’t playing football. 3. 一般疑问句：Be+主语 +V.现在分词+...? Is he playing football? 回答： Yes,主语+be No, 主语+am not/ isn’t/aren’t. 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ What is your father doing? 四、动词现在分词的变化规则 1.直接加-ing，如: read→reading, play→playing, sing→singing, draw→drawing 2.去e加-ing, 以不发音 e结尾的动词，如 write→writing, make→making, dance→dancing 3.双写尾字母加-ing, 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）结尾，如 run→running, swim→swimming, skip→skipping 易错点提示 1.漏加 be 动词，直接写：I reading.（错误）→ I'm reading.（正确） 2.be 动词与主语搭配错误，如：He are running.（错误）→ He is running.（正确） Be动词用法：我用am，你用are，is连着他她它，单数用is，复数用are 3.动词 - ing 变形错误，如：write→writeing（错误）→ writing（正确） 容易写错的ing总结：sleep/jump不双写加ing 需要双写的：run/skip/swim/shop/stop/drop/get/put/cut/sit 小练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Look！The girl ___________(play) the piano. The boys _____________(sing). 2. I _________(have) a birthday party now. 3. The children ___________(watch) TV now. 4. Look at this photo.The ducks are____________(swim) on the pond. 5. They _____________(look) hungry. Let's buy some food for them. 6. Everyone___________ (be) here now. 点拨 答案及解析 1.答案： is playing ; are singing 解析： 开头的 "Look!"（看！）是典型的现在进行时标志词，提示动作正在发生。 第一空主语是 "The girl"（第三人称单数），be动词用 "is"，加上 play 的现在分词 "playing"。第二空主语是 "The boys"（第三人称复数），be动词用 "are"，加上 sing 的现在分词 "singing"。 2. 答案：am having 解析： 句末的 "now"（现在）是现在进行时的标志词。主语是 "I"（第一人称单数）， be动词用 "am"，加上 have 的现在分词（去e加ing）"having"。 3.答案：are watching 解析： "now" 提示用现在进行时。主语 "The children"（孩子们）是复数形式，be动词 用 "are"，加上 watch 的现在分词 "watching"。 4.答案： swimming 解析： 虽然前半句提到看照片（过去发生的动作），但后半句描述照片内容时用了 "are"，且根据语境是在描述照片里当时正在发生的动作，或者这是一个口语中常见的 描述现在场景的句式（可能照片是刚拍的视频截图等）。通常这种结构 "are + 动词ing" 考察的是现在进行时的构成。swim 是重读闭音节结尾，要双写末尾辅音字母再加 ing。 5. 答案：look 解析： 这里的 "look" 是系动词（感官动词），意为“看起来”，后面接形容词 hungry。系动词一般不用进行时态，所以这里用一般现在时。主语 "They" 是复数， 动词用原形。 6. 答案：is 解析： "Everyone"（每个人/大家）是不定代词，作主语时视为单数概念。因此，be动词 要用单数形式 "is"。 一般过去式的用法高频易错点02 一、概念 一般过去式表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为； 过去主语所具备的能力和性格 。（本模块主要是描述过去发生的动作） I played football yesterday. 我昨天踢足球了。 He was a student two years ago. 两年前他是一名学生。 二、时间标志 (1)yesterday昨天，yesterday morning昨天早上 (2) last + 时间，last night 昨晚、last week上周 (3)时间 + ago，two days ago两天前、three years ago三年前 (4) in + 过去的年份，in 2008在2008年 (5) just now 刚才 三、句型结构 （1）肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 He went to school by bike yesterday. 他昨天骑自行车去上学。 （2）否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 She didn't watch TV last night. 她昨晚没看电视。 （3）一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Did you go to the park last Sunday? 你上周日去公园了吗？ （4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ What did you do last weekend? 你上周末做什么了？ 四、动词过去式的规则变化 1.直接在动词原形末尾加ed； work - worked 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接在词尾加 d； live - lived 3.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词, 先把 y 变为 i，再加 ed； study - studied 4.以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 ed； stop - stopped 五、动词过去式的不规则变化（容易出错的） am/is→was are→were do→did go→went have→had eat→ate see→saw get→got tell→told take→took make→made find→found buy→bought bring→brought teach→taught think→thought write→ wrote read read（读音发生变化，/red/） ride→rode run→ran　　　　 come→came　　　　 易错点提示 （一）动词过去式ed的发音规则： 口诀为:清后/t/，元浊/d/，/t/、/d/之后读/id/ 1.清辅音（如 /p/、/k/、/f/、/s/ 等）后，ed 要读 /t/ 。 ask → asked /ɑ:skt/ cook → cooked /kukt/ pass → passed /pɑ:st/ 2.元音或浊辅音（如 /b/、/g/、/v/、/z/、/m/ 等 ）后，ed 要读 /d/ 。 move → moved /mu:vd/ live → lived /lɪvd/ listen → listened /ˈlɪsnd/ stay → stayed /steɪd/ 3.若动词原形末尾发音为 /t/ 或 /d/ ，ed 读 /id/ 。 shout → shouted /ˈʃaʊtɪd/ start → started /ˈstɑ:tɪd/ want → wanted /ˈwɒntɪd/ need → needed /ˈni:dɪd/ （二）关于be动词和助动词的使用区别 助动词（do/does/did）主要功能是辅助行为动词，构建疑问、否定句式 。简言之：存在行为动词时，常用助动词；无行为动词，用be动词。 Were you in the US some years ago?（句子中没有行为动词 ） Did you live in the US some years ago?（句中有行为动词 ） （3） 否定句 / 疑问句中，Did/didn’t 后边的动词要用原形 Did you take photos in the park?/I didn’t send the photos. 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1.—____ you take photos of the ducks in the park yesterday? —Yes, I did. A.Do B. Did C. Are ( )2.My mother ____ me some nice photos last Sunday. A.send B. sends C. sent ( )3.They ____ very happy near the lake an hour ago. A.was B. were C. are ( )4.Tom ____ see the sun shining because it was cloudy. A.didn’t B. don’t C. isn’t ( )5.I ____ to the lake with my friends yesterday morning. A. go B. went C. am going 点拨 1.答案: B 解析：一般过去时一般疑问句，过去时间 yesterday 用 Did 开头 2.答案: C 解析：不规则动词过去式，send 的过去式为 sent（last Sunday 表过去） 3.答案: B 解析：be 动词过去式单复数，主语 they 为复数，用 were 4.答案: A 解析：一般过去时否定句，实义动词 see 前用 didn’t（was 表过去） 5.答案: B 解析：不规则动词过去式，go 的过去式为 went（yesterday morning 表过去） 祈使句(实义动词开头)高频易错点03 （一）概念 表示请求、建议、或让对方做某事的句子，通常省略主语you （二）句型结构 1.动词原形 + 宾语 / 其他 Look at these photos. 2.Please + 动词原形（表礼貌请求，模块书信场景专用） Please write to me soon. 易错点提示 1.祈使句开头必须用动词原形，无主语（隐含主语 you），不要加 is/are/ 单三形式 Listen to the teacher carefully. 2.Look后接具体事物，必须加at，不能单独用：Look at this photo. 3.Please 表礼貌，位置可前可后，句末放时记得加逗号。Close the door，please. 小练笔 用所给词的适当形式填空 1._____________ (look) at the beautiful sun in this photo. 2._____________ (write) to me soon, please. 3.Come and _________ (see) my new photos. 4.______________ (look) the ducks on the pond, it's fun!（提示：补全搭配 + 用原形） 5. Please _______________ (show) your photos to your classmates. 点拨 1.Look（祈使句开头用动词原形，首字母大写） 2.Write（祈使句核心用动词原形，首字母大写） 3.see（and 连接两个祈使动作，都用动词原形） 4.Look at（模块核心易错点：Look 后接具体事物必须加 at，原形开头） 5.show（Please 后直接接动词原形） 综合训练 一、单项选择 ( )1.Look! The children ______ hide-and-seek in the park. A. play B. are playing C. played ( )2.My father ______ to the lake with his friends last Saturday. A. go B. goes C. went ( )3.—______ you see any ducks on the pond yesterday?—No, I didn’t. A. Do B. Did C. Are ( )4.It ______ rainy last Sunday, so we stayed at home. A. was B. were C. is ( )5.Please ______ me your photos after the trip. A. show B. shows C. showing ( )6.Listen! The birds ______ happily in the tree. A. sing B. sang C. are singing ( )7.Tom ______ send the photos because he forgot his camera. A. didn’t B. don’t C. isn’t ( )8.—What ______ your mother doing now?—She’s cooking dinner. A. is B. are C. does ( )9.______ at the sun! It’s so bright. A. Look B. Looks C. Looking ( )10.They ______ a lovely time in the park an hour ago. A. have B. had C. are having ( )11.The girl ______ writing a letter to her pen pal now. A. am B. is C. are ( )12.My brother ______ many photos when he visited the lake. A. take B. takes C. took 二、单词的适当形式填空 1.______ (look) at the ducks—they are swimming in the pond! 2.My father ______ (take) many photos during the trip last month. 3.Listen! The birds _______________ (sing) happily in the tree. 4.Please ______ (send) your homework to me before Friday. 5.They ______ (go) to the lake with their friends yesterday afternoon. 6.The sun ___________ (shine) brightly now. Let’s go out to play. 7.She _______________ (not have) breakfast this morning because she got up late. 8.______ (tell) me about your trip to the countryside, please. 9.Look! The children ______ (play) hide-and-seek in the park. 10.We ______ (be) very excited when we saw the beautiful scenery. 三、句型变换 1.The boys are playing football on the playground.（改为否定句） The boys ______ ______ football on the playground. 2.She took many photos in the park last week.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ many photos in the park last week? 3.My mother is cooking dinner now.（对划线部分进行提问） ______ ______ your mother ______ now? 4.They went to the lake two days ago.（改为否定句） They ______ ______ to the lake two days ago. 5.Look at this beautiful photo.（用Please改写句子） ______ ______ at this beautiful photo. 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次，补全短文。look go take be shine send play have watch tell 1.______at this photo album! It’s from my trip to the countryside last summer. My family and I 2.______there by car on a sunny morning. The sun 3.___________ brightly all day, so we 4.__________many beautiful photos. In one photo, my little brother 5.___________ the sheep with grass—he’s so happy in the picture! Now, my sister 6.____________with the dog in the yard, and my parents 7.___________ the old photos together. We 8._________a wonderful time during the trip, so I 9.________ some photos to my pen pal last week. He hasn’t replied yet. 10._________ me what you think of these photos—do you want to visit the countryside too? 参考答案 一、单项选择 1-5 BCBAA 6-10CAAAB 11-12BC 1.B 解析：现在进行时，Look! 为标志词，主语复数用 are+playing 2.C 解析：一般过去时，last Saturday 为标志词，go 的过去式为 went 3.B 解析：一般过去时疑问句，yesterday 为标志词，用 Did 开头 4.A 解析：be 动词过去式，it 为单数，用 was 5.A 解析：祈使句，Please 后接动词原形 6.C 解析：现在进行时，Listen! 为标志词，用 are singing 7.A 解析：一般过去时否定句，didn’t 后接动词原形 8.A 解析：现在进行时疑问句，主语 your mother 为单数，用 is 9.A 解析：祈使句，开头用动词原形 Look 10.B解析：一般过去时，an hour ago 为标志词，have 的过去式为 had 11.B解析：现在进行时，主语 the girl 为单数，用 is+writing 12.C解析：一般过去时，visited 为过去式，take 的过去式为 took 二、单词的适当形式填空 1.Look 解析：祈使句，动词原形开头，固定搭配 Look at，首字母大写 2.took 解析：一般过去时，last month 为过去标志，take 的过去式为 took 3.are singing 解析：现在进行时，Listen! 为标志词，主语复数用 are+singing 4.send 解析：祈使句，Please 后接动词原形 5.went 解析：一般过去时，yesterday afternoon 为标志，go 的过去式为 went 6.is shining 解析：现在进行时，now 为标志词，shine 去 e 加 ing，主语单数用 is 7.didn’t have 解析：一般过去时否定句，this morning 为过去标志，didn’t + 动词原形 8.Tell 解析：祈使句，动词原形开头，表请求，首字母大写 9.are playing 解析：现在进行时，Look! 为标志词，主语复数用 are+playing 10.were 解析：一般过去时，saw 为过去式，主语复数用 were 三、句型变换 1.aren’t playing 解析：现在进行时否定句，在 be 动词后加 not 2.Did; take 解析：一般过去时疑问句，Did 开头，took 变回原形 take 3.What is; doing 解析：现在进行时特殊疑问句，用 What 提问动作 4.didn’t go 解析：一般过去时否定句，didn’t + 动词原形 go 5.Please look 解析：祈使句同义转换，Please 放句首 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次，补全短文 1.Look 解析：祈使句，开头用动词原形，表 “看”，固定搭配 Look at 2.Went 解析：一般过去时，last summer 为过去时间标志，go 的过去式为 went 3.Shone 解析：一般过去时，描述过去的天气状况，shine 的过去式为 shone 4.Took 解析：一般过去时，and 连接并列过去动作，take 的过去式为 took 5.is feeding 解析：现在进行时，描述照片中正在发生的动作，feed 的 ing 形式为 feeding，主语单数用 is 6.is playing 解析：现在进行时，now 为现在进行时标志，play 的 ing 形式为 playing，主语单数用 is 7.are watching 解析：现在进行时，描述当下正在进行的动作，主语复数用 are，watch 的 ing 形式为 watching 8.had 解析：一般过去时，描述过去的经历，have 的过去式为 had 9.sent 解析：一般过去时，last week 为过去时间标志，send 的过去式为 sent） 10.Tell 解析：祈使句，开头用动词原形，表 “告诉”，语气委婉的请求） 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $