专题10 阅读理解（说明文） - 【河北省对口升学】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【河北省对口升学】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题10 阅读理解（说明文） 1.信息提取与事实确认能力：学生需具备从说明文中准确提取并理解事实性信息的能力，包括数据、时间、地点、过程、特征、原因、结果等具体细节，并能根据题目要求进行定位、比对或计算。 2.逻辑结构与信息归纳能力：学生应能把握说明文的组织结构（如总分、因果、对比、分类等），理解段落之间的逻辑关系，并能够归纳段落大意或全文主旨，明确作者说明的核心内容或观点。 3.概念理解与术语推断能力：学生需能够理解文中涉及的专业术语、抽象概念或文化现象，能通过上下文推断生词或短语的含义，并理解其在文中的具体指代或作用，确保对说明对象的准确理解。 2025年 Do you know that architecture (建筑设计) can make who we are? For example, studies showed that rooms with lower roofs can make you more focused, while rooms with higher roofs can make you more creative. Connecting nature with buildings is good for our bodies and minds. People who grew up in the countryside are less likely to have mental illnesses than those raised in cities, as a study mentioned. Architecture that lacks soul can worsen our moods. Another study showed that people’s moods become worse as they walk past the dull glass front of a supermarket. They even start walking faster, as if they want to get away quickly. To make architecture more interesting, designers should avoid too many flat (平的) and straight designs. These kinds of designs don’t allow light and shadow (影子) to create interesting patterns, making building seem boring. To add life to architecture, designers should pick colors carefully to create different moods. Bright colors like yellow and orange can make people feel happy and energetic, while calm colors like blue and green can help people feel relaxed. So, to get good moods, surround yourself with buildings that make you happy and, ideally, let you see nature too. 57. What is good for our bodies and minds according to paragraph 2? A. Adding dull colors. B. Having flat and straight designs. C Allowing shadow in. D. Connecting nature with buildings. 58. What does the underlined word “patterns” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Shapes. B. Places. C. Guides. D. Messages. 59. What kind of architecture can make people happy? A. With calm colors. B. With bright colors. C. With lower roofs. D. With higher roofs. 60. What is the passage mainly about? A. Light and studies. B. Light and moods. C. Architecture and moods. D. Architecture and cities. 2024年 Nowadays smartphones are really popular and helpful. With smartphones, people can not only call others, but also shop online, play games, solve math problems, make plans, and so on. People use their smartphones a lot these days, especially when they are waiting. People do not like to be bored, so they turn to their smartphones. However, many news reports are saying that people look at their smartphones too much, even when they are with others, and that is too bad. When you go into a restaurant and look at other customers, you may find many of them have smartphones in their hands. They would rather chat online than talk to the people around them. Some restaurants have offered a discount to the customers who are willing not to use their smartphones for an entire hour. Some people also use their smartphones before they sleep, which makes it harder for them to fall asleep. The light from the smartphones may make people think they need to be awake, which is harmful to people’s health. So it is a wise choice to use smartphones properly in our daily life. 41. What are popular and helpful nowadays according to paragraph 1? A. Smartphones. B. Restaurants. C. Math exercises. D. Shopping centers. 42. Why do people use their smartphones while waiting? A. To call others. B. To play games. C. To make plans. D. To avoid being bored. 43. What can we know from the news reports? A. People get along well with others. B. People look at smartphones too much. C. People like chatting with others face to face. D. People turn to smartphones when in trouble. 44. What have some restaurants done to reduce the customers’ use of smartphones? A. They have provided small gifts. B. They have taught cooking skills. C. They have offered cheaper meals. D. They have cut off Internet connections. 45. What problem will be brought about if people use smartphones before sleep? A. Eating too much. B. Having bad dreams. C. Feeling sleepy easily. D. Finding it difficult to fall asleep. It is not a surprise that people in modern times are having much more stress than before. The good news is that a recent study has found an easy way to deal with the problem. Researchers have found that green plants on the desk can relieve people’s stress. More than 60 participants (参与者) working in offices took part in the study. Half of them were asked to work as usual without any plants on the desk while the other half were given a plant to put on their desks. Researchers then used a standard test to measure their stress levels. Most of the participants with green plants on their desks showed lower stress levels. It is found that it does not matter whether people were directly looking at their plants or only having the plants near their computers. As long as people had a green plant in sight their stress levels changed. “People used to go outdoors into nature to relax themselves, but now they have less time to do so,” one of the researchers said. “Our study has proved that a small green plant can help people feel less stressed.” 46. What troubles modern people more than before? A. Stress. B. Work. C. Study. D. Environment. 47. What does the underlined word “relieve” mean in paragraph 1?. A. Reduce. B. Record. C. Repeat. D. Review. 48. According to the research, who are less stressed? A. Those who work in their offices. B. Those who put computers on desks. C. Those who have green plants in sight. D. Those who don’t take exercise outdoors. 49. Why do people seldom go outdoors to relax themselves nowadays? A. They dislike nature. B. They have less time. C. They have to take tests. D. They enjoy working more. 50. What is the passage mainly about? A. A green life. B. A standard test. C. A social activity. D. A scientific research. 2023年 Paper-cut is a kind of Chinese traditional art. Since the invention of paper, paper-cut has become popular in many places of China. The material and tools used for paper cutting are simple, paper and scissors. Paper-cuts are usually made of red paper, because red is associated with happiness in traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, on festive (喜庆的) occasions such as weddings, red paper- cuts are the first choice for decorating doors and windows. Everything can become the theme of paper-cuts, from people to things that can be found in everyday life. They are often pasted on the windows, walls, doors or lanterns to express the feelings of joy, happiness and hope in life. There are different styles of paper-cuts, the most famous of which are the southern and northern styles. The style in the southern area of China is delicate (精巧的)，with scenery, birds and flowers as the main subjects. The northern style is simpler and more expressive because of its rough (粗矿的) lines and designs. 51. Paper-cut_____________. A. has a short history B. has a long history C. is a modem invention D. is a new invention 52. On festive occasions,___________paper-cuts are usually used. A. red B. yellow C. black D. blue 53. What material and tools are commonly used in paper cutting? A. Doors and windows. B. Paper and scissors. C. Birds and flowers. D. Lanterns and walls. 54. __________feelings are usually expressed by the paper-cuts. A. Angry B. Sad C. Happy D. Calm 55. According to the passage, the styles of Chinese paper-cuts are divided by_____________. A. area B. subject C. time D. color 2022年 My ideal job would be a flight attendant (乘务员) working on international flight. To do this job well, you need good communication skills. You also need to be quite diplomatic (灵活变通的) and good at calming people down if they get nervous or angry. For international travel, it would also be important to have foreign language skills, so you can talk to passengers from different countries. The reason I’d like to do this job is that it would be so varied. You get to work in the airport, making and changing bookings and checking people in, as well as working on the plane itself. I really like dealing with people, giving them information when they need it, and making sure they’re comfortable. Besides, there’s the international travel, and the opportunity to speak foreign languages. I like to visit other countries and learn about the culture. 46. The writer would like to work on _________ flights. A. national B. local C. international D. all kinds of 47. ________ will NOT be necessary for a good attendant. A. Good communication skills B. Being quite diplomatic C. Foreign language skills D. Having more money 48. When the passengers get nervous or angry, the flight attendant will ________. A. direct them to their seats B. tell them to fasten their seat belts C. calm them down D. refuse to serve them 49. Which may NOT be the reason for the writer to be a flight attendant? A. The job is so varied. B. The job is quite difficult. C. The writer likes dealing with people. D. The writer likes to visit different countries. 50. The passage mainly talks about ________. A. an ideal job B. international travel C. the airport D. foreign languages 2021年 After a long workday, all you want to do is to go home, sit on the couch and turn on the TV. Have you ever planned to go to the gym after work? “I’ll go tomorrow, I promise.” But of course, tomorrow will be exactly the same. Here are some tips for getting yourself to go to the gym after a long workday. For example, although it’s hours before you go to the gym, having a balanced breakfast will keep you energized throughout the rest of the day. Try to include eggs, fruits and whole grain bread in your breakfast. It is also helpful to eat a light lunch. No matter what you are eating, if you have too much of it, your blood sugar is going to rise rapidly and then plummet back down. This will leave you sleepy and lazy. Try to avoid foods with refined carbohydrates (碳水化合物) or lots of sugar. Keeping your blood sugar steady will stabilize (稳定) your energy, help you get more done, and make you feel awake enough to go to the gym. 46. According to the passage, after a long workday, all you want to do is _________. A. to have a rest B. to go to the gym C. to get lots of sugar D. to have lunch 47. “But of course tomorrow will be exactly the same.” This means _________. A. tomorrow you will go to the gym B. tomorrow you will not go to the gym C. tomorrow you will not go home D. tomorrow you will not watch TV 48. It’s hours before you go to the gym, _________. A. so you don’t have to have any fruits B. so you don’t have to have any eggs C. but you don’t have to have any whole grain bread D. but you still have to have a balanced breakfast 49. “No matter what...your blood sugar is going to rise rapidly and then plummet back down.” The underlined word “plummet” probably means ________. A. rise quickly B. rise slowly C. fall quickly D. remain unchanged 50. According to the passage, what will NOT help you keep your blood sugar steady? A. To have a light lunch. B. To have too much food. C. To avoid foods with lots of sugar. D. To avoid foods with refined carbohydrates. Do you know what “the Belt and Road” (一带一路) is? The full name is the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The first refers to a way on land between China and Europe that passes through Central Asia and Russia. The latter is a path on the sea through the Strait of Malacca (马六甲海峡) to India, the Middle East and East Africa. These were first introduced by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013, and in 2015 he gave detailed plans for the two economic networks. China has set up a $40 billion Silk Road Fund (基金). The focus will be on the construction of roads, railways, ports and airports across Central Asia and South Asia. With these connections, China will try to strengthen industrial and financial cooperation with neighboring countries. This might provide new job opportunities for young people in both China and the neighboring countries. 51. Chinese President Xi Jinping first introduced the idea of the Belt and Road in ________. A. 2021 B. 2018 C. 2015 D. 2013 52. The focus of Silk Road Fund will be on the construction of the following EXCEPT ________. A. roads B. railways C. cities D. airports 53. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. China has set up a $40 billion Silk Road Fund. B. Silk Road Fund will not help neighboring countries. C. China is trying to strengthen industrial and financial cooperation with neighboring countries. D. The Belt and Road might provide new job opportunities for young people. 54. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. It explains what the Belt and Road is. B. It explains what Silk Road Fund is. C. It explains who introduced the Belt and Road. D. It explains how President Xi first introduced the Belt and Road. 55. What type of writing is this passage? A. It’s an exposition (说明文). B. It’s an argumentation (议论文). C. It’s a narration (记叙文). D. It’s a description (描写文). ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【河北省对口升学】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题10 阅读理解（说明文） 1.信息提取与事实确认能力：学生需具备从说明文中准确提取并理解事实性信息的能力，包括数据、时间、地点、过程、特征、原因、结果等具体细节，并能根据题目要求进行定位、比对或计算。 2.逻辑结构与信息归纳能力：学生应能把握说明文的组织结构（如总分、因果、对比、分类等），理解段落之间的逻辑关系，并能够归纳段落大意或全文主旨，明确作者说明的核心内容或观点。 3.概念理解与术语推断能力：学生需能够理解文中涉及的专业术语、抽象概念或文化现象，能通过上下文推断生词或短语的含义，并理解其在文中的具体指代或作用，确保对说明对象的准确理解。 2025年 Do you know that architecture (建筑设计) can make who we are? For example, studies showed that rooms with lower roofs can make you more focused, while rooms with higher roofs can make you more creative. Connecting nature with buildings is good for our bodies and minds. People who grew up in the countryside are less likely to have mental illnesses than those raised in cities, as a study mentioned. Architecture that lacks soul can worsen our moods. Another study showed that people’s moods become worse as they walk past the dull glass front of a supermarket. They even start walking faster, as if they want to get away quickly. To make architecture more interesting, designers should avoid too many flat (平的) and straight designs. These kinds of designs don’t allow light and shadow (影子) to create interesting patterns, making building seem boring. To add life to architecture, designers should pick colors carefully to create different moods. Bright colors like yellow and orange can make people feel happy and energetic, while calm colors like blue and green can help people feel relaxed. So, to get good moods, surround yourself with buildings that make you happy and, ideally, let you see nature too. 57. What is good for our bodies and minds according to paragraph 2? A. Adding dull colors. B. Having flat and straight designs. C Allowing shadow in. D. Connecting nature with buildings. 58. What does the underlined word “patterns” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Shapes. B. Places. C. Guides. D. Messages. 59. What kind of architecture can make people happy? A. With calm colors. B. With bright colors. C. With lower roofs. D. With higher roofs. 60. What is the passage mainly about? A. Light and studies. B. Light and moods. C. Architecture and moods. D. Architecture and cities. 【答案】57 D 58. A 59. B 60. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了建筑设计如何影响人们的情绪，指出将自然与建筑相结合对身心有益，缺乏灵魂的建筑会恶化情绪，同时介绍了让建筑更有趣的设计方法以及能让人快乐的建筑特点。 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Connecting nature with buildings is good for our bodies and minds. (将自然与建筑相结合对我们的身心都有好处。)”可知，将自然与建筑相结合对我们的身心有好处。故选D。 【58题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“To make architecture more interesting, designers should avoid too many flat and straight designs. These kinds of designs don’t allow light and shadow to create interesting patterns, making building seem boring. (为了使建筑更有趣，设计师应该避免太多平坦和直线的设计。这些设计不允许光和影子创造出有趣的patterns，使建筑显得乏味。)”可知，平坦和直线的设计不允许光和影子创造出有趣的形状，否则建筑会显得乏味，所以“patterns”意思是“形状”。故选A。 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Bright colors like yellow and orange can make people feel happy and energetic, while calm colors like blue and green can help people feel relaxed. (明亮的颜色，如黄色和橙色，可以让人感到快乐和充满活力，而平静的颜色，如蓝色和绿色，可以帮助人们感到放松。)”可知，明亮的颜色的建筑能让人快乐。故选B。 【60题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Do you know that architecture can make who we are? For example, studies showed that rooms with lower roofs can make you more focused, while rooms with higher roofs can make you more creative. (你知道建筑设计能造就我们是谁吗？例如，研究表明，低天花板的房间能让你更专注，而高天花板的房间能让你更有创造力。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要探讨了建筑设计如何影响人们的情绪。故选C。 2024年 Nowadays smartphones are really popular and helpful. With smartphones, people can not only call others, but also shop online, play games, solve math problems, make plans, and so on. People use their smartphones a lot these days, especially when they are waiting. People do not like to be bored, so they turn to their smartphones. However, many news reports are saying that people look at their smartphones too much, even when they are with others, and that is too bad. When you go into a restaurant and look at other customers, you may find many of them have smartphones in their hands. They would rather chat online than talk to the people around them. Some restaurants have offered a discount to the customers who are willing not to use their smartphones for an entire hour. Some people also use their smartphones before they sleep, which makes it harder for them to fall asleep. The light from the smartphones may make people think they need to be awake, which is harmful to people’s health. So it is a wise choice to use smartphones properly in our daily life. 41. What are popular and helpful nowadays according to paragraph 1? A. Smartphones. B. Restaurants. C. Math exercises. D. Shopping centers. 42. Why do people use their smartphones while waiting? A. To call others. B. To play games. C. To make plans. D. To avoid being bored. 43. What can we know from the news reports? A. People get along well with others. B. People look at smartphones too much. C. People like chatting with others face to face. D. People turn to smartphones when in trouble. 44. What have some restaurants done to reduce the customers’ use of smartphones? A. They have provided small gifts. B. They have taught cooking skills. C. They have offered cheaper meals. D. They have cut off Internet connections. 45. What problem will be brought about if people use smartphones before sleep? A. Eating too much. B. Having bad dreams. C. Feeling sleepy easily. D. Finding it difficult to fall asleep. 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们使用智能手机过于频繁，甚至睡前使用手机导致难以入睡，旨在告诉人们日常生活中要适当使用智能手机。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nowadays smartphones are really popular and helpful. (现在智能手机很流行，也很有用。)”可知，现在智能手机很流行，也很有用。故选A。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“People use their smartphones a lot these days, especially when they are waiting. People do not like to be bored, so they turn to their smartphones. (现在人们经常使用智能手机，尤其是在等待的时候。人们不喜欢无聊，所以他们转向智能手机。)”可知，人们在等待时使用智能手机是为了避免无聊。故选D。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, many news reports are saying that people look at their smartphones too much, even when they are with others, and that is too bad. (然而，许多新闻报道说，人们看智能手机的时间太长了，即使是和别人在一起的时候，这太糟糕了。)”可知，从新闻报道中我们可以知道人们看智能手机看得太多了。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some restaurants have offered a discount to the customers who are willing not to use their smartphones for an entire hour. (一些餐馆已经为那些不愿意使用智能手机一整个小时的顾客提供了折扣。)”可知，一些餐馆通过打折鼓励顾客减少使用智能手机，即提供更便宜的饭菜。故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Some people also use their smartphones before they sleep, which makes it harder for them to fall asleep. (有些人还会在睡觉前使用智能手机，这让他们更难入睡。)”可知，如果人们在睡觉前使用智能手机，会导致难以入睡。故选D。 It is not a surprise that people in modern times are having much more stress than before. The good news is that a recent study has found an easy way to deal with the problem. Researchers have found that green plants on the desk can relieve people’s stress. More than 60 participants (参与者) working in offices took part in the study. Half of them were asked to work as usual without any plants on the desk while the other half were given a plant to put on their desks. Researchers then used a standard test to measure their stress levels. Most of the participants with green plants on their desks showed lower stress levels. It is found that it does not matter whether people were directly looking at their plants or only having the plants near their computers. As long as people had a green plant in sight their stress levels changed. “People used to go outdoors into nature to relax themselves, but now they have less time to do so,” one of the researchers said. “Our study has proved that a small green plant can help people feel less stressed.” 46. What troubles modern people more than before? A. Stress. B. Work. C. Study. D. Environment. 47. What does the underlined word “relieve” mean in paragraph 1?. A. Reduce. B. Record. C. Repeat. D. Review. 48. According to the research, who are less stressed? A. Those who work in their offices. B. Those who put computers on desks. C. Those who have green plants in sight. D. Those who don’t take exercise outdoors. 49. Why do people seldom go outdoors to relax themselves nowadays? A. They dislike nature. B. They have less time. C. They have to take tests. D. They enjoy working more. 50. What is the passage mainly about? A. A green life. B. A standard test. C. A social activity. D. A scientific research. 【答案】46. A 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现桌上放绿色植物能缓解人们压力。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It is not a surprise that people in modern times are having much more stress than before. (现代人比以往承受着更多的压力，这并不奇怪。)”可知，现代人比过去面临更多的是压力。故选A。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“It is not a surprise that people in modern times are having much more stress than before. The good news is that a recent study has found an easy way to deal with the problem. Researchers have found that green plants on the desk can relieve people’s stress. (现代人比以往承受着更多的压力，这并不令人意外。好消息是，最近的一项研究发现了一个简单的方法来应对这一问题。研究人员发现，桌子上的绿色植物可以relieve人们的压力。)”可知，现代人比过去面临更多的是压力，桌子上的绿色植物可以缓解人们的压力，relieve意为“减轻，缓解”，与reduce意思相近。故选A。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Most of the participants with green plants on their desks showed lower stress levels. It is found that it does not matter whether people were directly looking at their plants or only having the plants near their computers. As long as people had a green plant in sight, their stress levels changed. (大多数桌上有绿色植物的参与者表现出较低的压力水平。研究发现，无论人们是直接看着他们的植物，还是只是把植物放在电脑旁边，都无关紧要。只要人们能看到一株绿色植物，他们的压力水平就会改变。)”可知，能看到绿色植物的人压力更小。故选C。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““People used to go outdoors into nature to relax themselves, but now they have less time to do so,” one of the researchers said. (“过去人们常常到户外亲近大自然以放松身心，但现在他们没有那么多的时间去做这件事了，”其中一位研究人员说道。)”可知，现在人们很少到户外放松自己是因为他们没有那么多时间了。故选B。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“The good news is that a recent study has found an easy way to deal with the problem. Researchers have found that green plants on the desk can relieve people’s stress. (好消息是，最近的一项研究发现了一个简单的方法来解决这个问题。研究人员发现，桌子上的绿色植物可以缓解人们的压力。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现桌上放绿色植物能缓解人们压力 。故选D。 2023年 Paper-cut is a kind of Chinese traditional art. Since the invention of paper, paper-cut has become popular in many places of China. The material and tools used for paper cutting are simple, paper and scissors. Paper-cuts are usually made of red paper, because red is associated with happiness in traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, on festive (喜庆的) occasions such as weddings, red paper- cuts are the first choice for decorating doors and windows. Everything can become the theme of paper-cuts, from people to things that can be found in everyday life. They are often pasted on the windows, walls, doors or lanterns to express the feelings of joy, happiness and hope in life. There are different styles of paper-cuts, the most famous of which are the southern and northern styles. The style in the southern area of China is delicate (精巧的)，with scenery, birds and flowers as the main subjects. The northern style is simpler and more expressive because of its rough (粗矿的) lines and designs. 51. Paper-cut_____________. A. has a short history B. has a long history C. is a modem invention D. is a new invention 52. On festive occasions,___________paper-cuts are usually used. A. red B. yellow C. black D. blue 53. What material and tools are commonly used in paper cutting? A. Doors and windows. B. Paper and scissors. C. Birds and flowers. D. Lanterns and walls. 54. __________feelings are usually expressed by the paper-cuts. A. Angry B. Sad C. Happy D. Calm 55. According to the passage, the styles of Chinese paper-cuts are divided by_____________. A. area B. subject C. time D. color 【答案】51. B 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统艺术——剪纸的起源、特点、材料、用途以及不同地域的风格。文章结构清晰，首先介绍了剪纸的基本信息和流行原因，随后阐述了剪纸的主题和用途，最后对比了南北方剪纸的不同风格。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Since the invention of paper, paper-cut has become popular in many places of China. (自从纸张发明以来，剪纸在中国许多地方变得流行起来。)”可知纸张发明的时间非常久远，而自从纸张发明以来，剪纸就变得流行，说明剪纸也有着悠久的历史。故选B。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Paper-cuts are usually made of red paper, because red is associated with happiness in traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, on festive occasions such as weddings, red paper- cuts are the first choice for decorating doors and windows. (剪纸通常由红纸制成，因为在中国传统文化中，红色与幸福紧密相连。因此，在婚礼等喜庆场合，红色剪纸是装饰门窗的首选。)”可知在喜庆的场合，通常使用红色剪纸。故选A。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The material and tools used for paper cutting are simple, paper and scissors. (剪纸所需的材料和工具都很简单，就是纸和剪刀。)”可知在剪纸中通常使用纸和剪刀等工具。故选B。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are often pasted on the windows, walls, doors or lanterns to express the feelings of joy, happiness and hope in life. (它们经常被贴在窗户、墙壁、门或灯笼上，以表达生活中的喜悦、幸福和希望之情。)”可知剪纸通常表达幸福之情。故选C。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“There are different, styles of paper-cuts, the most famous of which are the southern and northern styles. (剪纸有多种风格，其中最著名的是南派和北派。)”可知中国剪纸的风格依据地域划分。故选A。 2022年 My ideal job would be a flight attendant (乘务员) working on international flight. To do this job well, you need good communication skills. You also need to be quite diplomatic (灵活变通的) and good at calming people down if they get nervous or angry. For international travel, it would also be important to have foreign language skills, so you can talk to passengers from different countries. The reason I’d like to do this job is that it would be so varied. You get to work in the airport, making and changing bookings and checking people in, as well as working on the plane itself. I really like dealing with people, giving them information when they need it, and making sure they’re comfortable. Besides, there’s the international travel, and the opportunity to speak foreign languages. I like to visit other countries and learn about the culture. 46. The writer would like to work on _________ flights. A. national B. local C. international D. all kinds of 47. ________ will NOT be necessary for a good attendant. A. Good communication skills B. Being quite diplomatic C. Foreign language skills D. Having more money 48. When the passengers get nervous or angry, the flight attendant will ________. A. direct them to their seats B. tell them to fasten their seat belts C. calm them down D. refuse to serve them 49. Which may NOT be the reason for the writer to be a flight attendant? A. The job is so varied. B. The job is quite difficult. C. The writer likes dealing with people. D. The writer likes to visit different countries. 50. The passage mainly talks about ________. A. an ideal job B. international travel C. the airport D. foreign languages 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作者理想的工作是成为一名国际航班的乘务员，介绍了做好这份工作所需的能力和素质，如良好的沟通技能、灵活变通、安抚乘客等，还说明了喜欢这份工作的原因，包括工作内容多样、能与人打交道、有国际旅行和学习外语及他国文化的机会。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“My ideal job would be a flight attendant (乘务员) working on international flight. (我理想的工作是担任国际航班的乘务员。)”可知，作者希望从事国际航班工作。故选C。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“To do this job well, you need good communication skills. You also need to be quite diplomatic (灵活变通的) and good at calming people down if they get nervous or angry. For international travel, it would also be important to have foreign language skills, so you can talk to passengers from different countries. (要做好这份工作，你需要有良好的沟通技巧。你还需要相当的外交能力，善于在别人紧张或生气时安抚他们。对于国际旅行来说，掌握外语技能也很重要，这样你就可以和来自不同国家的乘客交谈。)”可知，对于一名好的服务员来说，拥有更多的钱并不是必需的。故选D。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“You also need to be quite diplomatic (灵活变通的) and good at calming people down if they get nervous or angry. (你还需要具备相当的外交能力，并且善于在别人紧张或生气时安抚他们。)”可知，当乘客紧张或生气时，乘务员会让他们平静下来。故选C。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The reason I’d like to do this job is that it would be so varied. I really like dealing with people, giving them information when they need it, and making sure they’re comfortable. I like to visit other countries and learn about the culture. (我想做这份工作的原因是这份工作内容丰富多彩。我非常喜欢与人打交道，在他们需要时为他们提供信息，并确保他们感到舒适。我喜欢访问其他国家并了解当地文化。)”可知，文中未提及工作困难是想成为乘务员的原因。故选B。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，整篇文章都在围绕作者理想的乘务员工作展开论述，包括工作要求和喜欢这份工作的原因等。故选A。 2021年 After a long workday, all you want to do is to go home, sit on the couch and turn on the TV. Have you ever planned to go to the gym after work? “I’ll go tomorrow, I promise.” But of course, tomorrow will be exactly the same. Here are some tips for getting yourself to go to the gym after a long workday. For example, although it’s hours before you go to the gym, having a balanced breakfast will keep you energized throughout the rest of the day. Try to include eggs, fruits and whole grain bread in your breakfast. It is also helpful to eat a light lunch. No matter what you are eating, if you have too much of it, your blood sugar is going to rise rapidly and then plummet back down. This will leave you sleepy and lazy. Try to avoid foods with refined carbohydrates (碳水化合物) or lots of sugar. Keeping your blood sugar steady will stabilize (稳定) your energy, help you get more done, and make you feel awake enough to go to the gym. 46. According to the passage, after a long workday, all you want to do is _________. A. to have a rest B. to go to the gym C. to get lots of sugar D. to have lunch 47. “But of course tomorrow will be exactly the same.” This means _________. A. tomorrow you will go to the gym B. tomorrow you will not go to the gym C. tomorrow you will not go home D. tomorrow you will not watch TV 48. It’s hours before you go to the gym, _________. A. so you don’t have to have any fruits B. so you don’t have to have any eggs C. but you don’t have to have any whole grain bread D. but you still have to have a balanced breakfast 49. “No matter what...your blood sugar is going to rise rapidly and then plummet back down.” The underlined word “plummet” probably means ________. A. rise quickly B. rise slowly C. fall quickly D. remain unchanged 50. According to the passage, what will NOT help you keep your blood sugar steady? A. To have a light lunch. B. To have too much food. C. To avoid foods with lots of sugar. D. To avoid foods with refined carbohydrates. 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了人们下班后常计划去健身房却难以付诸行动，然后提供了一些在漫长工作日后促使自己去健身房的小贴士，包括吃营养均衡的早餐（如含鸡蛋、水果、全麦面包）、清淡午餐，避免高糖和精制碳水化合物食物以稳定血糖，从而保持精力去健身。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“After a long workday, all you want to do is to go home, sit on the couch and turn on the TV. (在漫长的工作日之后，你只想做的事情就是回家，坐在沙发上，然后打开电视。)”可知，在漫长的工作日之后，你只想做的事情就是休息一下。故选A。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Have you ever planned to go to the gym after work? “I’ll go tomorrow, I promise.” (你曾经计划过下班后去健身房吗？“我保证，我明天就去。”)”以及“But of course, tomorrow will be exactly the same. (但当然了，明天的情况会和今天一模一样。)”可知，这句话是指你明天也不会去健身房。故选B。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“For example, although it’s hours before you go to the gym, having a balanced breakfast will keep you energized throughout the rest of the day. (例如，尽管距离你去健身房还有好几个小时，但吃一顿营养均衡的早餐会让你在一天剩下的时间里都精力充沛。)”可知，距离你去健身房还有好几个小时，但你仍然要吃一顿营养均衡的早餐。故选D。 【49题详解】 词句猜测题。根据本句中“No matter what you are eating, if you have too much of it, your blood sugar is going to rise rapidly and then plummet back down. (不管你吃的是什么，如果你吃得太多，你的血糖就会迅速上升，然后又急剧下降。)”可知，划线的单词是指快速下降。故选C。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“No matter what you are eating, if you have too much of it, your blood sugar is going to rise rapidly and then plummet back down. (不管你吃的是什么，如果你吃得太多，你的血糖就会迅速上升，然后又急剧下降。)”可知，吃太多食物不会使你的血糖保持稳定。故选B。 Do you know what “the Belt and Road” (一带一路) is? The full name is the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The first refers to a way on land between China and Europe that passes through Central Asia and Russia. The latter is a path on the sea through the Strait of Malacca (马六甲海峡) to India, the Middle East and East Africa. These were first introduced by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013, and in 2015 he gave detailed plans for the two economic networks. China has set up a $40 billion Silk Road Fund (基金). The focus will be on the construction of roads, railways, ports and airports across Central Asia and South Asia. With these connections, China will try to strengthen industrial and financial cooperation with neighboring countries. This might provide new job opportunities for young people in both China and the neighboring countries. 51. Chinese President Xi Jinping first introduced the idea of the Belt and Road in ________. A. 2021 B. 2018 C. 2015 D. 2013 52. The focus of Silk Road Fund will be on the construction of the following EXCEPT ________. A. roads B. railways C. cities D. airports 53. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. China has set up a $40 billion Silk Road Fund. B. Silk Road Fund will not help neighboring countries. C. China is trying to strengthen industrial and financial cooperation with neighboring countries. D. The Belt and Road might provide new job opportunities for young people. 54. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. It explains what the Belt and Road is. B. It explains what Silk Road Fund is. C. It explains who introduced the Belt and Road. D. It explains how President Xi first introduced the Belt and Road. 55. What type of writing is this passage? A. It’s an exposition (说明文). B. It’s an argumentation (议论文). C. It’s a narration (记叙文). D. It’s a description (描写文). 【答案】51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“一带一路”以及丝路基金的作用。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据“These were first introduced by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 (这些最早由习近平主席在2013年提出。)”可知，中国国家主席习近平首次提出“一带一路”倡议是在2013年。故选D。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The focus will be on the construction of roads, railways, ports and airports across Central Asia and South Asia. (重点将是修建穿越中亚和南亚的公路、铁路、港口和机场。)”可知，丝路基金的重点将放在修建公路、铁路、港口和机场，没有城市建设。故选C。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据“With these connections, China will try to strengthen industrial and financial cooperation with neighboring countries. This might provide new job opportunities for young people in both China and the neighboring countries. (借助这些联系，中国将努力加强与邻国产业和金融合作。这可能会为我和邻国的年轻人提供新的就业机会。)”可知，丝路基金会帮助到邻国，因此B项“丝路基金不会帮助邻国。”是错误的。故选B。 【54题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Do you know what ‘the Belt and Road’ (一带一路) is? (你知道一带一路是什么吗？)”及全文内容可知，文章主要解释了什么是“一带一路”。故选A。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要解释了什么是“一带一路”以及丝路基金的作用，由此可知，这是一篇说明文。故选A。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $