第05讲 形容词和副词(用法、辨析、比较等级)(复习讲义)(新疆专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

2026-01-28
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 形容词,副词
使用场景 中考复习-一轮复习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 新疆维吾尔自治区
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 816 KB
发布时间 2026-01-28
更新时间 2026-01-28
作者 东北老师
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-01-28
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来源 学科网

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专题05 形容词和副词(用法、辨析、比较等级) 目 录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 时空导航·网络构建 3 03 题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 形容词的用法 考点二 副词的用法0 考点三 比较等级(原级、比较级、最高级)6 04 优题精选·练能提分 23 考查形式 2025年 2024年 考情剖析 完形填空、短文填空、选词填空、任务型阅读 形容词作表语、副词修饰形容词、比较级结构(as...as)、最高级标志词(the+最高级) 形容词作定语、副词修饰动词、比较级用法(more)、最高级用法(the most) 考情分析 形容词考查重点 1. 形容词的基本功能 作定语:修饰名词,通常位于名词前 2024年完形填空:a smiling face(现在分词作定语,但功能类似形容词) 2025年选词填空:dry land(干旱的土地) 作表语:位于系动词后,说明主语的状态或特征 2024年完形填空:She was happy to have you as family.(系动词was后) 2025年完形填空:He felt lonely and sad.(系动词felt后) 2. 形容词的辨析 近义形容词在具体语境中的选用 2025年完形填空:He felt lonely and sad.(孤独且悲伤,情感形容词搭配) 3. 形容词的排序 多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序(中考较少直接考查,但书面表达中需注意)。 副词考查重点 1. 副词的分类与功能 时间副词:now, then, soon, already, yet 2025年完形填空:Bill still kept silent.(still表示持续) 频率副词:always, usually, often, sometimes, never(常与一般现在时连用) 2024年完形填空:She always writes love notes. 程度副词:very, quite, rather, too, enough 2025年短文填空:The task was so easy that...(so...that结构) 方式副词:carefully, quickly, slowly, happily 2024年完形填空:He knew exactly what I meant.(方式副词修饰动词knew) 2. 副词的位置 修饰动词:通常位于动词后或句末 修饰形容词/其他副词:通常位于被修饰词前 2025年完形填空:...said "Hello!" in a gentle voice.(形容词gentle修饰名词voice) (注:此例为形容词,但体现修饰关系) 形容词和副词的比较等级 1. 原级比较 as + 原级 + as(和……一样) not as/so + 原级 + as(不如……) 2025年完形填空:Everybody knew him as well as he knew them.(同级比较) 2. 比较级 用于两者比较 结构:比较级 + than 常用修饰词:much, a little, even, still 2024年短文填空:She helps them make more money than before.(比较级more) 3. 最高级 用于三者或以上比较 结构:the + 最高级 + 比较范围(in/of短语) 2025年阅读理解:It was the largest scientific research ship.(最高级) 2024年完形填空:They are the warmest gifts in the world.(最高级) 4. 特殊变化形式 规则变化:加-er/-est或more/most 不规则变化: good/well → better → best bad/ill → worse → worst many/much → more → most little → less → least 2025年选词填空:They can slow down the wind's speed.(原级) (注:slow在此为动词,但体现比较等级相关词汇) 命题预测 语境化考查:形容词和副词不单独考查词义,而是融入语篇中,要求根据上下文判断最合适的词。 比较等级高频出现:比较级和最高级是考查重点,尤其是“more...than”、“the most...”等结构。 形容词副词辨析:考查近义形容词/副词在具体语境中的准确选用。 功能判断:考查形容词作定语/表语的区别,副词修饰动词/形容词/句子的不同功能。 固定搭配:考查形容词/副词与特定介词、动词的固定搭配。。 考点一 形容词的用法 一、形容词的种类和构成 形容词是用来描述和修饰名词或代词的一类词,用来说明人或事物的性质和特征。 1. 本身即为形容词 例如:easy 容易的;quiet 安静的;happy 快乐的;red 红色的;glad 高兴的;difficult 困难的 2. 加后缀构成的形容词 由词根和词缀构成,常见形容词后缀如下: 后缀 构成规则 常见例词 备注 -ful 名词 + -ful helpful, careful, beautiful, useful, wonderful 表“充满……的;具有……性质的” -less 名词 + -less careless, hopeless, homeless, harmless 表“无……的;不……的”(与 -ful 反义) -ly 名词 + -ly friendly, lively, lovely, daily 注意:副词也有 -ly 后缀,需结合词性判断 -y 名词/动词 + -y windy, sunny, cloudy, thirsty, sleepy 多表“有……的;似……的;充满……的”(天气类高频) -ous 名词 + -ous dangerous, famous, nervous, serious 表“具有……的;充满……的” -able/-ible 动词 + -able/-ible comfortable, enjoyable, possible, terrible 表“能……的;可以……的;值得……的” -al 名词 + -al personal, educational, national, natural 表“与……有关的;具有……性质的” -ing 动词 + -ing interesting, exciting, boring, surprising 表“令人……的”(修饰事物/事件) -ed 动词 + -ed interested, excited, bored, surprised 表“感到……的”(修饰人/人的感受) -ern 方位名词 + -ern eastern, western, southern, northern 专表“……方向的” -ive 动词 + -ive active, creative, attractive, expensive 表“具有……倾向的;有……性质的” a- 名/动 → 形 asleep, alone, alive, awake, ashamed, aware 多构成表状态的形容词,常作表语,少作定语 否定前缀: un-:unhappy, unfriendly, unusual, unhealthy(最高频) im-:impossible, impolite, impatient(后接 m/p/b 开头的形容词) dis-:dishonest(少量形容词) 3. 合成形容词 由两个或两个以上的词构成,通常用连字符连接。 类型 示例 副词 + 现在分词 hard-working 勤劳的 副词 + 过去分词 well-known 著名的 名词 + 过去分词 snow-covered 被雪覆盖的 名词 + 现在分词 English-speaking 说英语的 名词 + 形容词 duty-free 免税的 数词 + 名词(单数)+(形容词) five-star 五星级的;ten-meter-high 十米高的;eight-year-old 8岁的 形容词 + 名词 + -(e)d kind-hearted 好心的 二、形容词的基本用法(句法功能) 形容词在句中主要承担三种核心句法功能,需结合句式特点精准运用,避免功能混淆。 句法功能 用法说明 示例 作定语 修饰名词或名词性短语,限定人或事物的性质、特征,通常位于被修饰名词之前。 a beautiful flower(一朵美丽的花) If you live a healthy life, your memory will work better. 作表语 位于系动词之后,补充说明主语的性质、状态或特征,构成“主 + 系 + 表”结构。 He looks tired. The idea sounds great. 作宾语补足语 用于补充说明宾语的状态、性质,使宾语含义更完整。常见于“主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补”结构。 I found the movie interesting. My friend Peter finds maths very difficult. 作状语 表示原因、伴随或结果等,常位于句首或句末,用逗号隔开。 Hungry and tired, I have to stop to have a rest.(原因) She was lying in bed, wide awake.(伴随) 常见系动词分类: be动词:am, is, are, was, were She is happy. 感官系动词:look, feel, taste, smell, sound The food tastes delicious. 变化系动词:become, get, turn, grow The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 三、形容词的位置 位置 用法说明 示例 前置 形容词作定语一般置于被修饰词前,即“(限定词+)形容词+名词”。 A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 后置 1. 修饰复合不定代词(something, anything, nothing 等)时后置。 2. asleep, awake, afraid, alive, alone 等作定语时常后置。 3. 表示长、宽、高、深、年龄的形容词(tall, long, wide, old 等)放在相应名词之后。 4. 形容词短语作定语时常后置。 something important the only boy awake This river is about 50,000 meters long. a box full of books 【用法提示】 关键规则:形容词修饰不定代词的后置规律 当形容词修饰 something、anything、nothing、someone、anyone、somebody 等不定代词时,必须置于不定代词之后。这是中考高频考点,易错点为语序颠倒。 ✅ something important ❌ important something ✅ Do you have anything interesting to share? ❌ Do you have interesting anything to share? 四、多个形容词修饰同一名词的排列顺序 顺序规则: 限定词(冠词、所有格等) + 序数词 + 基数词 + 观点形容词(品质、特性) + 大小/长短 + 形状 + 年龄/新旧 + 颜色 + 产地 + 材料 + 用途 + 名词 示例: both the tall old American men(这两个高大的美国老人) such a pretty long red dress(如此漂亮的一件红色长裙) 五、易混易错辨析 1. -ing 形容词与 -ed 形容词的辨析 类型 语义 修饰对象 示例对比 -ing 形容词 表“令人……的” 事物或事件 an interesting story(一个有趣的故事) The movie is exciting.(电影令人兴奋) -ed 形容词 表“感到……的” 人(或人的感受) interested students(感兴趣的学生) We are excited about the movie.(我们感到兴奋) 2. 其他易混形容词 词对 用法区别 示例 good / well good(形容词):好的,修饰名词 well(形容词):身体好的;(副词):好地,修饰动词 a good boy I’m well. speak English well sick / ill sick(定语/表语):生病的;厌恶的 ill(表语):生病的;坏的(作定语少) a sick man;feel sick I am ill.;ill news alone / lonely alone(形容词/副词):单独的/独自地(客观) lonely(形容词):孤独的;荒凉的(主观感情) She is alone in the house. feel lonely;a lonely place pleased / pleasant pleased:感到满意的(人作主语) pleasant:令人满意的(物作主语) I am pleased with the progress. a pleasant trip 3. How 引导的疑问词辨析 疑问词组 提问内容 答语特征 示例 How long 多长时间;多长 for + 时间段;长度单位 How long will you stay there? — For about 3 days. How long is this river? — It’s about 3 km. How far 距离多远 距离单位 How far is it from your home to school? — It’s 3 kilometers. How often 频率(多久一次) 频度副词/短语 How often do you do sports? — Twice a week. How soon 还要多久 in + 时间段 How soon will he come back? — In 3 days. 六、名词化的形容词 “the + 形容词”表示一类人或事物,作主语时谓语动词用复数。 例如:the rich(富人),the poor(穷人),the young(年轻人) The rich are not always happy.(富人并不总是快乐的。) 一、单词拼写 1.(2025·西藏·中考真题)It is (polite) to talk with your mouth full of food. 2.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)The film has been a huge success and the (late) news says it will keep on showing until the end of June. 3.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)It’s about a boy named Ne Zha, who is a bit (patient) sometimes but very brave. 4.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)I love soft drinks with a lot of sugar. They taste good but (health). 5.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)With treasures inside, Yangzhou Museum is well worth visiting. (wonder) 6.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)Our neighbours are very (friend) to each other. 7.(2025·云南·中考真题)Our school trip was very . We all had fun. (wonder) 8.(2024·西藏·中考真题)Everyone should play a part in protecting (danger) wild animals. 9.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Jim has gone to bed? This is very (usual). He always stays up late. 10.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)Planting some flowers in your garden is very for attracting bees. (help) 考点二 副词的用法 一、副词的种类和构成 (一)副词的分类 副词按功能可分为以下几类,各类副词在句中位置、修饰对象均有明确规律,需结合语境精准判断和运用。 副词分类 定义与常见词 例句与说明 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间 常见:now, then, today, yesterday, soon, already, yet, just, recently 1. I will finish my report today.(我今天会完成报告) 2. He will call you back soon.(他很快会回电话) 位置:多位于句首或句末 特殊位置:already(肯定句中:实义动词前/be动词后);yet(否定句/疑问句末);just(实义动词前) 地点副词 表示地点或位置关系 常见:here, there, everywhere, anywhere, somewhere, outside, up, down, inside 1. Please come here.(请到这儿来) 2. The cat is hiding inside.(猫正藏在里面) 修饰不定代词时需后置:somewhere interesting(漂亮的地方) 频度副词 表示动作发生的频率 常见:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, occasionally 频率强弱:always(100%) > usually > often > sometimes > occasionally > seldom > never(0%) 1. He always gets up at 6 o'clock.(他总是6点起床) 2. They often go hiking on weekends.(他们经常周末徒步) 位置规则:位于be动词/情态动词后,实义动词前;sometimes/occasionally也可位于句首/句末 方式副词 表示行为方式 常见:carefully, slowly, happily, quickly, well, badly, quietly, fast 1. Drive slowly on the rainy road.(雨天慢点开) 2. He did his homework carefully.(他认真做作业) 核心修饰动词,说明动作发生方式;修饰不及物动词时只能位于动词后 程度副词 表示程度,多修饰形容词/副词 常见:very, too, much, so, quite, almost, nearly, completely, enough 1. The movie is very exciting.(电影非常刺激) 2. It's too hot to go out.(太热了不适合出门) 通常位于被修饰词前,但enough需后置 疑问副词 构成特殊疑问句 常见:how, when, where, why 1. When will you go to the concert?(你何时去演唱会?) 2. Where did you put my glasses?(你把眼镜放哪儿了?) 引导的问句需用疑问语序(助动词/情态动词提前) 关系副词 引导定语从句 常见:where, when, why 1. This is the park where we first met.(这是我们初遇的公园) 2. Could you tell me the reason why you were late?(能告诉我迟到的原因吗?) 连接副词 连接句子/从句,表逻辑关系 常见:so, however, then, therefore, moreover, instead 1. It rained heavily, so we stayed at home.(雨大所以我们待在家) 2. He is tired, however, he keeps working.(他很累但仍在工作) 注意:however需用逗号隔开;so表因果时前句无需加because 其他副词 其他功能副词 常见:also, only, too, perhaps, either 1. She is also a member.(她也是成员) 2. Perhaps we can go tomorrow.(也许我们明天可以去) (二)副词的构成 1. 形容词变副词的主要规则: 规则 变化方式 示例 一般情况 形容词词尾直接加 -ly careful → carefully;slow → slowly;quick → quickly 以"辅音字母+y"结尾 先将 y 改为 i,再加 -ly happy → happily;easy → easily;heavy → heavily 以"le"结尾 去掉 e,再加 -y gentle → gently;possible → possibly;comfortable → comfortably 以"ic"结尾 词尾加 -ally basic → basically;historic → historically;economic → economically 特殊变化 拼写有特殊变化 true → truly;whole → wholly;full → fully 2. 形副同形情况: 有些形容词和副词词形完全相同,无需变形。 例如:fast → fast;late → late;early → early;hard → hard 3. 同根副词(意义有别): hard(努力地)≠ hardly(几乎不) late(迟到;晚)≠ lately(最近) near(在附近)≠ nearly(几乎) 二、副词的句法功能 成分 功能说明 示例 作状语 ①修饰动词(表动作方式/频率) ②修饰形容词/其他副词(表程度) ③修饰整个句子(表逻辑/语气) 1. She quickly finished her homework.(修饰动词) 2. The movie is really interesting.(修饰形容词) 3. He runs quite fast.(修饰副词) 4. Suddenly, a dog ran across.(修饰句子) 作定语 少数地点/时间副词可作定语,放在所修饰词后面 1. The books there are for Grade Eight.(那边的书) 2. The room upstairs is yours.(楼上的房间) 作表语 多数是表示方位、动作或状态的副词:in, out, on, back, down, up, off, away, upstairs等 1. The light is on. Please turn it off.(灯开着,请关掉) 2. When will you be back home?(你何时回家?) 作宾语补足语 说明宾语和主语所处的位置、状态等 1. We should keep the bad people away from kids.(让坏人远离孩子) 2. I asked him to speak slowly.(让他说慢点) 三、副词的位置 方式副词:放在动词之后。若动词带宾语,则放在宾语后面。 We all listen carefully in class. She is writing a letter patiently. 频度/程度副词: 位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前。 She is seldom late. They have already prepared. He often plays basketball. sometimes, occasionally 也可位于句首或句末。 Sometimes he goes to the library. 修饰整个句子的副词(评论性状语):常置于句首,用逗号隔开。 Hopefully, we can finish the project ahead of schedule. Honestly, I don’t think this plan is practical. enough作副词:修饰形容词或副词时,必须放在所修饰词之后。 The movie was interesting enough. He ran fast enough to win. 地点副词:通常位于句末。 Please come here. Birds fly up into the sky.(注意:地点副词前不加介词,如:go home ✓;go to home ✗) 四、易错点与注意事项 1. 程度副词的特殊用法: much 可修饰比较级,表“...得多”,而 very/quite 只能修饰原级。 ✅ This book is much more interesting. ❌ This book is very more interesting. too 表“太...”,常含否定意义,后接形容词/副词原级,多与“to do”结构搭配。 He is too young to drive.(他太小不能开车) very 仅表程度高,无否定含义。 2. 频率副词的位置口诀: “be后、情助后、实义动前”。 ✅ He is always kind.(be后) ✅ He often plays.(实义动前) ❌ He always is kind. 3. 同形/近形副词辨析: late(adv. 迟到;晚) vs lately(adv. 最近) I arrived late yesterday. I haven’t seen her lately. hard(adv. 努力地) vs hardly(adv. 几乎不) He works hard every day. I can hardly believe it. 4. 方式副词的“特殊成员”: well 是特殊的方式副词(对应形容词 good),需区分: ✅ He is good at English.(形容词) ✅ He speaks English well.(副词) ❌ He speaks English good. 5. 连接副词使用注意: however 必须用逗号与句子隔开。 so 表因果时,前句不需再加 because: ✅ Because he was ill, he didn’t go. ✅ He was ill, so he didn’t go. ❌ Because he was ill, so he didn’t go. 地点:here, there, everywhere 一、单词拼写 1.(2025·西藏·中考真题)Speak Putonghua ________ (proper) and write Hanzi correctly. 2.(2025·四川凉山·中考真题)It’s great to have many friends, but it’s more important to see (clear) who is truly helping you. 3.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)If you haven’t watched it yet, (simple) pick up your phone and book a ticket. 4.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Please check your paper (careful) after finishing it. 5.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)People surf the Internet instead of reading newspapers. Do you think the newspapers will disappear (complete)? 6.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)Many tourists think of Yangzhou for its beautiful places of interest. (high) 7.(2025·云南·中考真题)Teenagers are supposed to spend their money . (wise) 8.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)It’s important to know how to ask for help (polite). 9.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)Thanks to the effort from Fan and her team, the world gets to enjoy this wonder (easy) on “Digital Dunhuang” website. 10.(2024·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Learning is a lifelong journey. Learn (wise) and learn well. 考点三 比较等级(原级、比较级、最高级) 一、构成规则 (一)规则变化 构成法 规则说明 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词/部分双音节词 一般在词尾直接加 -er / -est tall taller tallest 以不发音的 e 结尾 只加 -r / -st large wide larger wider largest widest 辅音字母 + y 结尾 先变 y 为 i,再加 -er / -est happy busy happier busier happiest busiest 重读闭音节词(辅+元+辅,末尾只有一个辅音字母) 双写末尾辅音字母,再加 -er / -est big hot thin bigger hotter thinner biggest hottest thinnest 多音节词/部分双音节词 在词前加 more / most difficult beautiful carefully more difficult more beautiful more carefully most difficult most beautiful most carefully 少数以 -er, -ow 结尾的双音节词 可加 -er / -est 或 more / most clever narrow cleverer / more clever narrower / more narrow cleverest / most clever narrowest / most narrow 注意: 以“元音字母 + y”结尾的词直接加 -er / -est(如 gray → grayer → grayest)。 重读闭音节词中,若末尾辅音字母前是双元音,则无需双写(如 great → greater → greatest)。 部分双音节词(如 simple, narrow)两种变化均可,但中考中更常见 more / most 形式。 (二)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 用法说明 good / well better best well 作副词时比较级也为 better bad / badly / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least less 修饰不可数名词;作副词时表“更少地” far farther / further farthest / furthest farther 侧重距离更远 further 侧重程度更深、更进一步 old older / elder oldest / eldest older 用于年龄/新旧比较 elder 用于家庭成员长幼排序(只作定语) (三)没有比较级和最高级的形容词 有些形容词本身表示绝对概念或极限程度,没有比较级和最高级: right(正确的),wrong(错误的) excellent(优秀的),perfect(完美的) possible(可能的),impossible(不可能的) empty(空的),full(满的) favorite(最爱的),unique(独特的) 二、原级的用法 句型结构 含义 示例 注意事项 A + be/动词 + as + 原级 + as + B A 和 B 一样…… She is as tall as her sister. He runs as fast as Tom. as 之间必须用原级,不可用比较级 A + be/动词 + not as/so + 原级 + as + B A 不如 B…… This book is not as interesting as that one. She doesn’t sing so well as her mother. 否定形式中 as 可换为 so(so 更口语化) 倍数 + as + 原级 + as A 是 B 的几倍…… This tree is three times as tall as that small one. My room is twice as big as his. 倍数(twice, three times 等)必须前置 so + 原级 + that 从句 如此……以至于…… It’s so cold that we need to wear coats. that 从句表结果,so 修饰原级 原级 + enough 足够…… He is tall enough to reach the book. enough 修饰形容词/副词时必须后置 易错点: 修饰词限制:very, so, too, quite 可修饰原级;much, even 不能修饰原级(只能修饰比较级)。 比较对象一致性:前后比较需为同类事物,常用 that/those 替代以避免重复。 ✅ The weather in Hebei is cooler than that in Guangdong.(that 指代 weather) ❌ The weather in Hebei is cooler than in Guangdong. 否定式结构:“not as/so...as”本身已含否定,不再加 not。 ❌ This is not so not easy. ✅ This is not so easy. 三、比较级的用法 句型结构 含义 示例 注意事项 A + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + B A 比 B 更…… He is taller than me. She studies harder than her classmates. than 前后比较对象需一致;than 后代词用宾格 比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越…… It’s getting colder and colder. She is becoming more and more beautiful. 多音节词用“more and more + 原级” The + 比较级, the + 比较级 越……,就越…… The harder you work, the better grades you will get. The more you read, the wiser you will be. 前后均为陈述语序;前半句表条件,后半句表结果 Which/Who + 动词 + 比较级, A or B? A 和 B 哪个更……? Which is nearer, the moon or the Earth? Who dances better, Jane or Sally? 用于两者选择,比较级前不加 the the + 比较级 + of the two 两者中较……的那个 This pen is the nicer of the two pens. 特指两者,比较级前必须加 the A + be/动词 + 倍数 + 比较级 + than + B A 比 B 大几倍 My house is three times bigger than yours. 倍数前置 比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 比任何其他都……(表最高级含义) He is taller than any other boy in his class. 等同于“the tallest in his class”,用于同一范围比较 比较级的修饰词(可放在比较级前加强语气): 表“更……得多”:much, far, a lot, even, still 表“稍微……一点”:a little, a bit, slightly ✅ much better, far more difficult, a little taller ❌ very better, quite taller(very/quite 不能修饰比较级) 易错点: than 后省略:than 后动词若与前文一致可省略。 ✅ You know more than I (do). 比较对象一致:避免“人比物”或“物比人”的逻辑错误,用 that/those 替代。 ✅ His English is better than mine. ❌ His English is better than me.(逻辑错误:英语与“我”比较) 不规则变化必须熟记,尤其是 good/better/best, bad/worse/worst, little/less/least 等。 四、最高级的用法 句型结构 含义 示例 注意事项 主语 + be/动词 + the + 最高级 + of/in + 范围 ……是范围内最……的 She is the tallest girl in our class. This is the most delicious food of all. 形容词最高级前必须加 the;副词最高级前 the 可省略;of 接同类,in 接地点/群体 one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 + in/of + 范围 最……之一 Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 名词必须用复数;谓语动词用单数(因主语是 one) the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数名词 + 范围 第几最……的 This is the second biggest museum in my hometown. 序数词(first, second)置于 the 与最高级之间 Which/Who + be/动词 + the + 最高级, A, B or C? 三者中哪个最……? Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 用于三者及以上选择,最高级前必须加 the 最高级的修饰与范围: 范围限定词:of 后接复数名词/代词(表同类比较);in 后接地点/时间范围。 ✅ of the three students, in the school, in China 定冠词 the 的省略: 形容词最高级前必须加 the(✅ the best student)。 副词最高级前 the 可省略(✅ He runs (the) fastest in his class)。 最高级前有物主代词/名词所有格时,不加 the(✅ my best friend, Tom’s most important gift)。 五、比较级表示最高级含义的特殊句型 句型 含义 示例 比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 比任何其他都……(同一范围内) Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain. 比较级 + than + any of the other + 复数名词 比其他任何……都…… My son is taller than any of the other students in his class. 比较级 + than + all the other + 复数名词 比所有其他……都…… Time is more valuable than all the other things. 比较级 + than + the other + 复数名词 比其他……都…… My sister is younger than the other kids in her class. 比较级 + than + anything/anyone else 比其他任何事物/人都…… More than anything else, Jack wanted to become a teacher. 否定词 + 比较级 没有比这更……的了(表最高级) I have never seen a more excellent movie than this one. 注意:使用“than any other...”结构时,比较对象必须属于同一范围,否则逻辑错误。 ✅ He is taller than any other student in his class.(正确:他与同班同学比) ❌ He is taller than any other student in China.(错误:他与全国学生比,逻辑不严谨) 六、副词的比较等级 (一)构成规则 规则变化:与形容词的变化规则完全相同(见上文)。 不规则变化: 原级 比较级 最高级 well better best badly worse worst little less least much more most far farther/further farthest/furthest (二)用法区别 副词最高级前 the 可省略,但中考中常保留。 Tom studies (the) hardest in our class. farther/farthest 侧重距离;further/furthest 侧重程度或抽象意义,有时也可表距离。 He walked farther than me.(距离) We need further discussion.(程度) 七、综合易错点总结 修饰词混用: 原级前用 very, so, too, quite 比较级前用 much, far, even, a little, a lot 最高级前可用 the very, much the(但较少考) 比较对象一致性: 同类事物相比,用 that(单数)/those(复数)替代前文名词。 ✅ The population of China is larger than that of Japan. 冠词使用: 形容词最高级前必须加 the(有物主代词除外)。 副词最高级前 the 可省略。 “one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”中 the 不可省。 句型辨析: “as...as”之间必须用原级。 “not as/so...as”本身已否定,不再加 not。 “the + 比较级..., the + 比较级...”前后均为陈述语序。 不规则变化必背:good/better/best, bad/worse/worst, many/much/more/most, little/less/least, far/farther(further)/farthest(furthest)。 一、单词拼写 1.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)The international influence of Yangzhou is getting than before. (strong) 2.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The more we communicate with our parents, the (good) we’ll understand each other. 3.(2025·西藏·中考真题)China is the country with the (long) tea history in the world. 4.(2025·西藏·中考真题)Sun Yingsha is one of the most famous ping-pong (play). 5.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)After graduating from his university, he chose one of the (far) villages in Heilongjiang to be a volunteer. 6.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Actions speak (loud) than words. 7.(2023·四川达州·中考真题)Because of the heavy rain, my dad drove me home as (care) as he could that day. 8.(2023·江苏南京·中考真题)I prefer reading e-books because they are much (light) than paper ones. 9.(2023·江苏淮安·中考真题)Mum, which is (big), the sun or the moon? 10.(2023·西藏·中考真题)The life of Tibetans becomes (happy) than it used to be. 一、单项选择 1.The documentary about deep-sea exploration is ________ than I expected. A.educational B.more educational C.most educational D.the most educational 2.After helping others, I always feel ________ and useful. A.happy B.happily C.gently D.heavy 3.The plan to spend the weekend on the beach with family sounds ________. A.perfectly B.sweetly C.lovely D.wonderfully 4.We expect the newly-built underground to bring us an even ________ life in transport. A.convenient B.more convenient C.the more convenient D.the most convenient 5.My pet dog looks big but ________ —it never barks at my neighbours. A.softly B.gently C.friendly D.heavily 6.You must conduct the experiment as ________ as possible and never jump to conclusions. A.carelessly B.careless C.carefully D.careful 7.I ________ take a taxi to work, but this morning I took one because it was snowy. A.seldom B.sometimes C.usually D.always 8.—Which season do you like ______ in Xiangyang, spring or autumn? —Autumn. The weather is cool and comfortable. A.well B.better C.best D.good 9.He has a strange way to make his class _________, and all the other teachers think _________ of him. A.live; high B.lively; high C.live; highly D.lively; highly 10.Many viewers highly praise the film Ne Zha 2 because of the amazing scenes ______ the valuable spirit of the character Nezha. A.as well as B.as good as C.as long as D.as soon as 二、单词拼写 11.We should take responsibilities and work for a better future. (seriously) 12.Though I felt , I chose to smile and start a new day. (happy) 13.Our school club offers activities, such as singing, gardening, and robotics. (variety) 14.I’ve been so lately. Once I even walked into an exam without a pen. (forget) 15.The boy looked when he was asked about the missing cookies. (guilt) 16. , we have all worked harder to better ourselves in many ways. (recent) 17.He goes to the gym nowadays because he’s too busy with work. (rare) 18.Our teacher asked us to take the exam and avoid careless mistakes. (serious) 19.Never giving up is one of the key factors for the old man’s achievement.(certain) 20.Last night’s heavy rain affected this morning’s traffic.  (serious) 三、短文填空 阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 Many people love growing plants and 21 (put) them in their homes. But plants do not just make our homes look beautiful. Some of them also play 22 amazing role in our lives. We all know that plants are important in Chinese medicine. One of the 23 (popular) plants in Chinese medicine is ginseng (人参). Doctors believe that ginseng is good for people’s 24 (healthy). They often use ginseng as medicine to protect people from some illnesses. Also, Chinese people use ginseng 25 (cook) different dishes. In India, people are no stranger to neem (印度苦楝树) because they use it a lot. Neem is very 26 (use) for solving some common health problems like sore throats and skin illnesses. In ancient India, people used neem branches (树枝) for 27 (clean) their 28 (tooth). Even today, some supermarkets still sell toothpaste (牙膏) 29 (make) from it. Another very popular plant is aloe vera (芦荟). I guess this name reminds us 30 some cosmetics (化妆品). It can help solve some skin problems like hair loss and sunburn. It’s so easy 31 (grow) that people often bring this plant into their homes. 四、选词填空 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 way polite language direct your but of in easy deal look Have you met someone who kept talking and talking, and you couldn’t get them to stop? You don’t want to be 32 by telling them to shut up, but you really want to get out of the conversation. Here are some 33 to help you. Use body 34 . While it may feel impolite, you could turn away, leave your headphones (耳机) on, and avoid 35 at his/her eyes, which will show that you don’t want to talk. This may save you from 36 telling someone to stop talking later on. Keep working on whatever activity you are doing. Get up and move around, be active and find little things to do instead 37 listening. Interrupt (打断) them as soon as you can. Saying things like “I’d like to add something” or “If I could interrupt 38 for just a minute” will often let someone know that they are talking too much. Lead the conversation. This is especially helpful when 39 with someone you often talk to. Let them know that you heard what they said and guide the conversation 40 a different direction. Mention that you don’t have a lot of time to talk. Expressions like “I would love to chat (聊天) 41 I have to go for a movie right now” and “Today’s not a great day to talk. I have a lot of tasks” will make you 42 end the conversation. Remember it is a skill to back out of a conversation without saying “You are boring. Shut up.” 1 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题05 形容词和副词(用法、辨析、比较等级) 目 录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 时空导航·网络构建 3 03 题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 形容词的用法 考点二 副词的用法0 考点三 比较等级(原级、比较级、最高级)6 04 优题精选·练能提分 23 考查形式 2025年 2024年 考情剖析 完形填空、短文填空、选词填空、任务型阅读 形容词作表语、副词修饰形容词、比较级结构(as...as)、最高级标志词(the+最高级) 形容词作定语、副词修饰动词、比较级用法(more)、最高级用法(the most) 考情分析 形容词考查重点 1. 形容词的基本功能 作定语:修饰名词,通常位于名词前 2024年完形填空:a smiling face(现在分词作定语,但功能类似形容词) 2025年选词填空:dry land(干旱的土地) 作表语:位于系动词后,说明主语的状态或特征 2024年完形填空:She was happy to have you as family.(系动词was后) 2025年完形填空:He felt lonely and sad.(系动词felt后) 2. 形容词的辨析 近义形容词在具体语境中的选用 2025年完形填空:He felt lonely and sad.(孤独且悲伤,情感形容词搭配) 3. 形容词的排序 多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序(中考较少直接考查,但书面表达中需注意)。 副词考查重点 1. 副词的分类与功能 时间副词:now, then, soon, already, yet 2025年完形填空:Bill still kept silent.(still表示持续) 频率副词:always, usually, often, sometimes, never(常与一般现在时连用) 2024年完形填空:She always writes love notes. 程度副词:very, quite, rather, too, enough 2025年短文填空:The task was so easy that...(so...that结构) 方式副词:carefully, quickly, slowly, happily 2024年完形填空:He knew exactly what I meant.(方式副词修饰动词knew) 2. 副词的位置 修饰动词:通常位于动词后或句末 修饰形容词/其他副词:通常位于被修饰词前 2025年完形填空:...said "Hello!" in a gentle voice.(形容词gentle修饰名词voice) (注:此例为形容词,但体现修饰关系) 形容词和副词的比较等级 1. 原级比较 as + 原级 + as(和……一样) not as/so + 原级 + as(不如……) 2025年完形填空:Everybody knew him as well as he knew them.(同级比较) 2. 比较级 用于两者比较 结构:比较级 + than 常用修饰词:much, a little, even, still 2024年短文填空:She helps them make more money than before.(比较级more) 3. 最高级 用于三者或以上比较 结构:the + 最高级 + 比较范围(in/of短语) 2025年阅读理解:It was the largest scientific research ship.(最高级) 2024年完形填空:They are the warmest gifts in the world.(最高级) 4. 特殊变化形式 规则变化:加-er/-est或more/most 不规则变化: good/well → better → best bad/ill → worse → worst many/much → more → most little → less → least 2025年选词填空:They can slow down the wind's speed.(原级) (注:slow在此为动词,但体现比较等级相关词汇) 命题预测 语境化考查:形容词和副词不单独考查词义,而是融入语篇中,要求根据上下文判断最合适的词。 比较等级高频出现:比较级和最高级是考查重点,尤其是“more...than”、“the most...”等结构。 形容词副词辨析:考查近义形容词/副词在具体语境中的准确选用。 功能判断:考查形容词作定语/表语的区别,副词修饰动词/形容词/句子的不同功能。 固定搭配:考查形容词/副词与特定介词、动词的固定搭配。。 考点一 形容词的用法 一、形容词的种类和构成 形容词是用来描述和修饰名词或代词的一类词,用来说明人或事物的性质和特征。 1. 本身即为形容词 例如:easy 容易的;quiet 安静的;happy 快乐的;red 红色的;glad 高兴的;difficult 困难的 2. 加后缀构成的形容词 由词根和词缀构成,常见形容词后缀如下: 后缀 构成规则 常见例词 备注 -ful 名词 + -ful helpful, careful, beautiful, useful, wonderful 表“充满……的;具有……性质的” -less 名词 + -less careless, hopeless, homeless, harmless 表“无……的;不……的”(与 -ful 反义) -ly 名词 + -ly friendly, lively, lovely, daily 注意:副词也有 -ly 后缀,需结合词性判断 -y 名词/动词 + -y windy, sunny, cloudy, thirsty, sleepy 多表“有……的;似……的;充满……的”(天气类高频) -ous 名词 + -ous dangerous, famous, nervous, serious 表“具有……的;充满……的” -able/-ible 动词 + -able/-ible comfortable, enjoyable, possible, terrible 表“能……的;可以……的;值得……的” -al 名词 + -al personal, educational, national, natural 表“与……有关的;具有……性质的” -ing 动词 + -ing interesting, exciting, boring, surprising 表“令人……的”(修饰事物/事件) -ed 动词 + -ed interested, excited, bored, surprised 表“感到……的”(修饰人/人的感受) -ern 方位名词 + -ern eastern, western, southern, northern 专表“……方向的” -ive 动词 + -ive active, creative, attractive, expensive 表“具有……倾向的;有……性质的” a- 名/动 → 形 asleep, alone, alive, awake, ashamed, aware 多构成表状态的形容词,常作表语,少作定语 否定前缀: un-:unhappy, unfriendly, unusual, unhealthy(最高频) im-:impossible, impolite, impatient(后接 m/p/b 开头的形容词) dis-:dishonest(少量形容词) 3. 合成形容词 由两个或两个以上的词构成,通常用连字符连接。 类型 示例 副词 + 现在分词 hard-working 勤劳的 副词 + 过去分词 well-known 著名的 名词 + 过去分词 snow-covered 被雪覆盖的 名词 + 现在分词 English-speaking 说英语的 名词 + 形容词 duty-free 免税的 数词 + 名词(单数)+(形容词) five-star 五星级的;ten-meter-high 十米高的;eight-year-old 8岁的 形容词 + 名词 + -(e)d kind-hearted 好心的 二、形容词的基本用法(句法功能) 形容词在句中主要承担三种核心句法功能,需结合句式特点精准运用,避免功能混淆。 句法功能 用法说明 示例 作定语 修饰名词或名词性短语,限定人或事物的性质、特征,通常位于被修饰名词之前。 a beautiful flower(一朵美丽的花) If you live a healthy life, your memory will work better. 作表语 位于系动词之后,补充说明主语的性质、状态或特征,构成“主 + 系 + 表”结构。 He looks tired. The idea sounds great. 作宾语补足语 用于补充说明宾语的状态、性质,使宾语含义更完整。常见于“主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补”结构。 I found the movie interesting. My friend Peter finds maths very difficult. 作状语 表示原因、伴随或结果等,常位于句首或句末,用逗号隔开。 Hungry and tired, I have to stop to have a rest.(原因) She was lying in bed, wide awake.(伴随) 常见系动词分类: be动词:am, is, are, was, were She is happy. 感官系动词:look, feel, taste, smell, sound The food tastes delicious. 变化系动词:become, get, turn, grow The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 三、形容词的位置 位置 用法说明 示例 前置 形容词作定语一般置于被修饰词前,即“(限定词+)形容词+名词”。 A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 后置 1. 修饰复合不定代词(something, anything, nothing 等)时后置。 2. asleep, awake, afraid, alive, alone 等作定语时常后置。 3. 表示长、宽、高、深、年龄的形容词(tall, long, wide, old 等)放在相应名词之后。 4. 形容词短语作定语时常后置。 something important the only boy awake This river is about 50,000 meters long. a box full of books 【用法提示】 关键规则:形容词修饰不定代词的后置规律 当形容词修饰 something、anything、nothing、someone、anyone、somebody 等不定代词时,必须置于不定代词之后。这是中考高频考点,易错点为语序颠倒。 ✅ something important ❌ important something ✅ Do you have anything interesting to share? ❌ Do you have interesting anything to share? 四、多个形容词修饰同一名词的排列顺序 顺序规则: 限定词(冠词、所有格等) + 序数词 + 基数词 + 观点形容词(品质、特性) + 大小/长短 + 形状 + 年龄/新旧 + 颜色 + 产地 + 材料 + 用途 + 名词 示例: both the tall old American men(这两个高大的美国老人) such a pretty long red dress(如此漂亮的一件红色长裙) 五、易混易错辨析 1. -ing 形容词与 -ed 形容词的辨析 类型 语义 修饰对象 示例对比 -ing 形容词 表“令人……的” 事物或事件 an interesting story(一个有趣的故事) The movie is exciting.(电影令人兴奋) -ed 形容词 表“感到……的” 人(或人的感受) interested students(感兴趣的学生) We are excited about the movie.(我们感到兴奋) 2. 其他易混形容词 词对 用法区别 示例 good / well good(形容词):好的,修饰名词 well(形容词):身体好的;(副词):好地,修饰动词 a good boy I’m well. speak English well sick / ill sick(定语/表语):生病的;厌恶的 ill(表语):生病的;坏的(作定语少) a sick man;feel sick I am ill.;ill news alone / lonely alone(形容词/副词):单独的/独自地(客观) lonely(形容词):孤独的;荒凉的(主观感情) She is alone in the house. feel lonely;a lonely place pleased / pleasant pleased:感到满意的(人作主语) pleasant:令人满意的(物作主语) I am pleased with the progress. a pleasant trip 3. How 引导的疑问词辨析 疑问词组 提问内容 答语特征 示例 How long 多长时间;多长 for + 时间段;长度单位 How long will you stay there? — For about 3 days. How long is this river? — It’s about 3 km. How far 距离多远 距离单位 How far is it from your home to school? — It’s 3 kilometers. How often 频率(多久一次) 频度副词/短语 How often do you do sports? — Twice a week. How soon 还要多久 in + 时间段 How soon will he come back? — In 3 days. 六、名词化的形容词 “the + 形容词”表示一类人或事物,作主语时谓语动词用复数。 例如:the rich(富人),the poor(穷人),the young(年轻人) The rich are not always happy.(富人并不总是快乐的。) 一、单词拼写 1.(2025·西藏·中考真题)It is (polite) to talk with your mouth full of food. 【答案】impolite 【详解】句意:嘴里塞满食物说话是不礼貌的。根据“talk with your mouth full of food.”可知嘴里满是食物时说话是不礼貌的,作be动词的表语用形容词impolite“不礼貌的”。故填impolite。 2.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)The film has been a huge success and the (late) news says it will keep on showing until the end of June. 【答案】latest 【详解】句意:这部电影取得了巨大的成功,最新消息称它将持续放映到六月底。根据“The film has been a huge success and the ... (late) news says it will keep on showing until the end of June.”可知,此处表示“最新的”消息,定冠词the后跟形容词最高级形式latest“最新的”,修饰名词“news”。故填latest。 3.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)It’s about a boy named Ne Zha, who is a bit (patient) sometimes but very brave. 【答案】impatient 【详解】句意:这是关于一个叫哪吒的男孩,他有时有点没耐心,但非常勇敢。根据“but very brave.”可知,此处要表达“没耐心”,patient有耐心的,形容词;其反义词是impatient“没耐心的”,符合语境。故填impatient。 4.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)I love soft drinks with a lot of sugar. They taste good but (health). 【答案】unhealthy 【详解】句意:我喜欢含糖量高的软饮料。它们味道很好,但不健康。but表示转折,说明含糖量高的软饮料不健康,应用形容词unhealthy。故填unhealthy。 5.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)With treasures inside, Yangzhou Museum is well worth visiting. (wonder) 【答案】wonderful 【详解】句意:扬州博物馆内藏有珍品,非常值得一游。wonder“奇迹”。根据“With...treasures inside”可知,此处修饰名词,应用形容词,wonder的形容词为wonderful“极好的”。故填wonderful。 6.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)Our neighbours are very (friend) to each other. 【答案】friendly 【详解】句意:我们的邻居彼此都很友好。friend“朋友”,名词;空处位于are后,应用形容词作表语,其形容词为friendly“友好的”,故填friendly。 7.(2025·云南·中考真题)Our school trip was very . We all had fun. (wonder) 【答案】wonderful 【详解】句意:我们的学校旅行非常精彩。我们都玩得很开心。此处作be动词的表语用形容词wonderful“精彩的”。故填wonderful。 8.(2024·西藏·中考真题)Everyone should play a part in protecting (danger) wild animals. 【答案】endangered 【详解】句意:每个人都应该为保护濒危野生动物出一份力。此空修饰名词“wild animals”,应填形容词作定语,danger是名词,对应的形容词是endangered“濒危的”,故填endangered。 9.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Jim has gone to bed? This is very (usual). He always stays up late. 【答案】unusual 【详解】句意:吉姆上床睡觉了吗?这很不寻常。他总是熬夜。usual“通常的”,形容词。根据“He always stays up late.”可知,吉姆总是熬夜,所以他上床睡觉很不寻常。故用形容词unusual“不寻常的”作表语。故填unusual。 10.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)Planting some flowers in your garden is very for attracting bees. (help) 【答案】helpful 【详解】句意:在花园里种些花对吸引蜜蜂很有帮助。help“帮助”,根据“is”可知,空处用形容词helpful“有帮助的”,作表语。故填helpful。 考点二 副词的用法 一、副词的种类和构成 (一)副词的分类 副词按功能可分为以下几类,各类副词在句中位置、修饰对象均有明确规律,需结合语境精准判断和运用。 副词分类 定义与常见词 例句与说明 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间 常见:now, then, today, yesterday, soon, already, yet, just, recently 1. I will finish my report today.(我今天会完成报告) 2. He will call you back soon.(他很快会回电话) 位置:多位于句首或句末 特殊位置:already(肯定句中:实义动词前/be动词后);yet(否定句/疑问句末);just(实义动词前) 地点副词 表示地点或位置关系 常见:here, there, everywhere, anywhere, somewhere, outside, up, down, inside 1. Please come here.(请到这儿来) 2. The cat is hiding inside.(猫正藏在里面) 修饰不定代词时需后置:somewhere interesting(漂亮的地方) 频度副词 表示动作发生的频率 常见:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, occasionally 频率强弱:always(100%) > usually > often > sometimes > occasionally > seldom > never(0%) 1. He always gets up at 6 o'clock.(他总是6点起床) 2. They often go hiking on weekends.(他们经常周末徒步) 位置规则:位于be动词/情态动词后,实义动词前;sometimes/occasionally也可位于句首/句末 方式副词 表示行为方式 常见:carefully, slowly, happily, quickly, well, badly, quietly, fast 1. Drive slowly on the rainy road.(雨天慢点开) 2. He did his homework carefully.(他认真做作业) 核心修饰动词,说明动作发生方式;修饰不及物动词时只能位于动词后 程度副词 表示程度,多修饰形容词/副词 常见:very, too, much, so, quite, almost, nearly, completely, enough 1. The movie is very exciting.(电影非常刺激) 2. It's too hot to go out.(太热了不适合出门) 通常位于被修饰词前,但enough需后置 疑问副词 构成特殊疑问句 常见:how, when, where, why 1. When will you go to the concert?(你何时去演唱会?) 2. Where did you put my glasses?(你把眼镜放哪儿了?) 引导的问句需用疑问语序(助动词/情态动词提前) 关系副词 引导定语从句 常见:where, when, why 1. This is the park where we first met.(这是我们初遇的公园) 2. Could you tell me the reason why you were late?(能告诉我迟到的原因吗?) 连接副词 连接句子/从句,表逻辑关系 常见:so, however, then, therefore, moreover, instead 1. It rained heavily, so we stayed at home.(雨大所以我们待在家) 2. He is tired, however, he keeps working.(他很累但仍在工作) 注意:however需用逗号隔开;so表因果时前句无需加because 其他副词 其他功能副词 常见:also, only, too, perhaps, either 1. She is also a member.(她也是成员) 2. Perhaps we can go tomorrow.(也许我们明天可以去) (二)副词的构成 1. 形容词变副词的主要规则: 规则 变化方式 示例 一般情况 形容词词尾直接加 -ly careful → carefully;slow → slowly;quick → quickly 以"辅音字母+y"结尾 先将 y 改为 i,再加 -ly happy → happily;easy → easily;heavy → heavily 以"le"结尾 去掉 e,再加 -y gentle → gently;possible → possibly;comfortable → comfortably 以"ic"结尾 词尾加 -ally basic → basically;historic → historically;economic → economically 特殊变化 拼写有特殊变化 true → truly;whole → wholly;full → fully 2. 形副同形情况: 有些形容词和副词词形完全相同,无需变形。 例如:fast → fast;late → late;early → early;hard → hard 3. 同根副词(意义有别): hard(努力地)≠ hardly(几乎不) late(迟到;晚)≠ lately(最近) near(在附近)≠ nearly(几乎) 二、副词的句法功能 成分 功能说明 示例 作状语 ①修饰动词(表动作方式/频率) ②修饰形容词/其他副词(表程度) ③修饰整个句子(表逻辑/语气) 1. She quickly finished her homework.(修饰动词) 2. The movie is really interesting.(修饰形容词) 3. He runs quite fast.(修饰副词) 4. Suddenly, a dog ran across.(修饰句子) 作定语 少数地点/时间副词可作定语,放在所修饰词后面 1. The books there are for Grade Eight.(那边的书) 2. The room upstairs is yours.(楼上的房间) 作表语 多数是表示方位、动作或状态的副词:in, out, on, back, down, up, off, away, upstairs等 1. The light is on. Please turn it off.(灯开着,请关掉) 2. When will you be back home?(你何时回家?) 作宾语补足语 说明宾语和主语所处的位置、状态等 1. We should keep the bad people away from kids.(让坏人远离孩子) 2. I asked him to speak slowly.(让他说慢点) 三、副词的位置 方式副词:放在动词之后。若动词带宾语,则放在宾语后面。 We all listen carefully in class. She is writing a letter patiently. 频度/程度副词: 位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前。 She is seldom late. They have already prepared. He often plays basketball. sometimes, occasionally 也可位于句首或句末。 Sometimes he goes to the library. 修饰整个句子的副词(评论性状语):常置于句首,用逗号隔开。 Hopefully, we can finish the project ahead of schedule. Honestly, I don’t think this plan is practical. enough作副词:修饰形容词或副词时,必须放在所修饰词之后。 The movie was interesting enough. He ran fast enough to win. 地点副词:通常位于句末。 Please come here. Birds fly up into the sky.(注意:地点副词前不加介词,如:go home ✓;go to home ✗) 四、易错点与注意事项 1. 程度副词的特殊用法: much 可修饰比较级,表“...得多”,而 very/quite 只能修饰原级。 ✅ This book is much more interesting. ❌ This book is very more interesting. too 表“太...”,常含否定意义,后接形容词/副词原级,多与“to do”结构搭配。 He is too young to drive.(他太小不能开车) very 仅表程度高,无否定含义。 2. 频率副词的位置口诀: “be后、情助后、实义动前”。 ✅ He is always kind.(be后) ✅ He often plays.(实义动前) ❌ He always is kind. 3. 同形/近形副词辨析: late(adv. 迟到;晚) vs lately(adv. 最近) I arrived late yesterday. I haven’t seen her lately. hard(adv. 努力地) vs hardly(adv. 几乎不) He works hard every day. I can hardly believe it. 4. 方式副词的“特殊成员”: well 是特殊的方式副词(对应形容词 good),需区分: ✅ He is good at English.(形容词) ✅ He speaks English well.(副词) ❌ He speaks English good. 5. 连接副词使用注意: however 必须用逗号与句子隔开。 so 表因果时,前句不需再加 because: ✅ Because he was ill, he didn’t go. ✅ He was ill, so he didn’t go. ❌ Because he was ill, so he didn’t go. 地点:here, there, everywhere 一、单词拼写 1.(2025·西藏·中考真题)Speak Putonghua ________ (proper) and write Hanzi correctly. 【答案】properly 【详解】句意:正确地说普通话,正确地写汉字。根据句意“正确地说”可知,此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“Speak”,“proper”是形容词,其副词形式是“properly”,符合语法要求。故填properly。 2.(2025·四川凉山·中考真题)It’s great to have many friends, but it’s more important to see (clear) who is truly helping you. 【答案】clearly 【详解】句意:拥有众多朋友固然很好,但更重要的是要清楚地辨别出谁才是真正帮助你的那个人。此处在句中修饰动词,用副词形式。故填clearly。 3.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)If you haven’t watched it yet, (simple) pick up your phone and book a ticket. 【答案】simply 【详解】句意:如果你还没看过它,只需拿起手机订一张票。根据“If you haven’t watched it yet, ... (simple) pick up your phone and book a ticket.”以及所给单词提示可知,此处需要用副词来修饰动词短语“pick up”,表示“简单地;仅仅”。simple是形容词,其副词形式为simply。故填simply。 4.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Please check your paper (careful) after finishing it. 【答案】carefully 【详解】句意:完成后请仔细检查你的试卷。根据“check”可知,此处需要一个副词来修饰动词。careful “仔细的”是形容词,其副词形式是carefully“仔细地”。故填carefully。 5.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)People surf the Internet instead of reading newspapers. Do you think the newspapers will disappear (complete)? 【答案】completely 【详解】句意:人们上网而不是看报纸。你认为报纸会完全消失吗?complete是形容词,此处修饰动词,应用副词。故填completely。 6.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)Many tourists think of Yangzhou for its beautiful places of interest. (high) 【答案】highly 【详解】句意:许多游客因扬州美丽的景点而高度评价它。high“高的”,此处用其副词形式highly修饰动词think,think highly of“高度评价”。故填highly。 7.(2025·云南·中考真题)Teenagers are supposed to spend their money . (wise) 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意:青少年应该明智地花钱。此处修饰动词spend用副词wisely“明智地”。故填wisely。 8.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)It’s important to know how to ask for help (polite). 【答案】politely 【详解】句意:知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助很重要。根据“It’s important to know how to ask for help”可知,应是知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助很重要,且空格处应用副词修饰动作ask for help,polite“礼貌的”,副词是politely。故填politely。 9.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)Thanks to the effort from Fan and her team, the world gets to enjoy this wonder (easy) on “Digital Dunhuang” website. 【答案】easily 【详解】句意:在范和她的团队的努力下,全世界都可以在“数字敦煌”网站上轻松欣赏这一奇观。此处修饰动词enjoy用副词easily“容易地”。故填easily。 10.(2024·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Learning is a lifelong journey. Learn (wise) and learn well. 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意:学习是一个终生的旅程。明智地学习,好好学习。wise “明智的”,形容词。此处修饰动词learn,应用其副词形式wisely。故填wisely。 考点三 比较等级(原级、比较级、最高级) 一、构成规则 (一)规则变化 构成法 规则说明 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词/部分双音节词 一般在词尾直接加 -er / -est tall taller tallest 以不发音的 e 结尾 只加 -r / -st large wide larger wider largest widest 辅音字母 + y 结尾 先变 y 为 i,再加 -er / -est happy busy happier busier happiest busiest 重读闭音节词(辅+元+辅,末尾只有一个辅音字母) 双写末尾辅音字母,再加 -er / -est big hot thin bigger hotter thinner biggest hottest thinnest 多音节词/部分双音节词 在词前加 more / most difficult beautiful carefully more difficult more beautiful more carefully most difficult most beautiful most carefully 少数以 -er, -ow 结尾的双音节词 可加 -er / -est 或 more / most clever narrow cleverer / more clever narrower / more narrow cleverest / most clever narrowest / most narrow 注意: 以“元音字母 + y”结尾的词直接加 -er / -est(如 gray → grayer → grayest)。 重读闭音节词中,若末尾辅音字母前是双元音,则无需双写(如 great → greater → greatest)。 部分双音节词(如 simple, narrow)两种变化均可,但中考中更常见 more / most 形式。 (二)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 用法说明 good / well better best well 作副词时比较级也为 better bad / badly / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least less 修饰不可数名词;作副词时表“更少地” far farther / further farthest / furthest farther 侧重距离更远 further 侧重程度更深、更进一步 old older / elder oldest / eldest older 用于年龄/新旧比较 elder 用于家庭成员长幼排序(只作定语) (三)没有比较级和最高级的形容词 有些形容词本身表示绝对概念或极限程度,没有比较级和最高级: right(正确的),wrong(错误的) excellent(优秀的),perfect(完美的) possible(可能的),impossible(不可能的) empty(空的),full(满的) favorite(最爱的),unique(独特的) 二、原级的用法 句型结构 含义 示例 注意事项 A + be/动词 + as + 原级 + as + B A 和 B 一样…… She is as tall as her sister. He runs as fast as Tom. as 之间必须用原级,不可用比较级 A + be/动词 + not as/so + 原级 + as + B A 不如 B…… This book is not as interesting as that one. She doesn’t sing so well as her mother. 否定形式中 as 可换为 so(so 更口语化) 倍数 + as + 原级 + as A 是 B 的几倍…… This tree is three times as tall as that small one. My room is twice as big as his. 倍数(twice, three times 等)必须前置 so + 原级 + that 从句 如此……以至于…… It’s so cold that we need to wear coats. that 从句表结果,so 修饰原级 原级 + enough 足够…… He is tall enough to reach the book. enough 修饰形容词/副词时必须后置 易错点: 修饰词限制:very, so, too, quite 可修饰原级;much, even 不能修饰原级(只能修饰比较级)。 比较对象一致性:前后比较需为同类事物,常用 that/those 替代以避免重复。 ✅ The weather in Hebei is cooler than that in Guangdong.(that 指代 weather) ❌ The weather in Hebei is cooler than in Guangdong. 否定式结构:“not as/so...as”本身已含否定,不再加 not。 ❌ This is not so not easy. ✅ This is not so easy. 三、比较级的用法 句型结构 含义 示例 注意事项 A + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + B A 比 B 更…… He is taller than me. She studies harder than her classmates. than 前后比较对象需一致;than 后代词用宾格 比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越…… It’s getting colder and colder. She is becoming more and more beautiful. 多音节词用“more and more + 原级” The + 比较级, the + 比较级 越……,就越…… The harder you work, the better grades you will get. The more you read, the wiser you will be. 前后均为陈述语序;前半句表条件,后半句表结果 Which/Who + 动词 + 比较级, A or B? A 和 B 哪个更……? Which is nearer, the moon or the Earth? Who dances better, Jane or Sally? 用于两者选择,比较级前不加 the the + 比较级 + of the two 两者中较……的那个 This pen is the nicer of the two pens. 特指两者,比较级前必须加 the A + be/动词 + 倍数 + 比较级 + than + B A 比 B 大几倍 My house is three times bigger than yours. 倍数前置 比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 比任何其他都……(表最高级含义) He is taller than any other boy in his class. 等同于“the tallest in his class”,用于同一范围比较 比较级的修饰词(可放在比较级前加强语气): 表“更……得多”:much, far, a lot, even, still 表“稍微……一点”:a little, a bit, slightly ✅ much better, far more difficult, a little taller ❌ very better, quite taller(very/quite 不能修饰比较级) 易错点: than 后省略:than 后动词若与前文一致可省略。 ✅ You know more than I (do). 比较对象一致:避免“人比物”或“物比人”的逻辑错误,用 that/those 替代。 ✅ His English is better than mine. ❌ His English is better than me.(逻辑错误:英语与“我”比较) 不规则变化必须熟记,尤其是 good/better/best, bad/worse/worst, little/less/least 等。 四、最高级的用法 句型结构 含义 示例 注意事项 主语 + be/动词 + the + 最高级 + of/in + 范围 ……是范围内最……的 She is the tallest girl in our class. This is the most delicious food of all. 形容词最高级前必须加 the;副词最高级前 the 可省略;of 接同类,in 接地点/群体 one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 + in/of + 范围 最……之一 Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 名词必须用复数;谓语动词用单数(因主语是 one) the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数名词 + 范围 第几最……的 This is the second biggest museum in my hometown. 序数词(first, second)置于 the 与最高级之间 Which/Who + be/动词 + the + 最高级, A, B or C? 三者中哪个最……? Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 用于三者及以上选择,最高级前必须加 the 最高级的修饰与范围: 范围限定词:of 后接复数名词/代词(表同类比较);in 后接地点/时间范围。 ✅ of the three students, in the school, in China 定冠词 the 的省略: 形容词最高级前必须加 the(✅ the best student)。 副词最高级前 the 可省略(✅ He runs (the) fastest in his class)。 最高级前有物主代词/名词所有格时,不加 the(✅ my best friend, Tom’s most important gift)。 五、比较级表示最高级含义的特殊句型 句型 含义 示例 比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 比任何其他都……(同一范围内) Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain. 比较级 + than + any of the other + 复数名词 比其他任何……都…… My son is taller than any of the other students in his class. 比较级 + than + all the other + 复数名词 比所有其他……都…… Time is more valuable than all the other things. 比较级 + than + the other + 复数名词 比其他……都…… My sister is younger than the other kids in her class. 比较级 + than + anything/anyone else 比其他任何事物/人都…… More than anything else, Jack wanted to become a teacher. 否定词 + 比较级 没有比这更……的了(表最高级) I have never seen a more excellent movie than this one. 注意:使用“than any other...”结构时,比较对象必须属于同一范围,否则逻辑错误。 ✅ He is taller than any other student in his class.(正确:他与同班同学比) ❌ He is taller than any other student in China.(错误:他与全国学生比,逻辑不严谨) 六、副词的比较等级 (一)构成规则 规则变化:与形容词的变化规则完全相同(见上文)。 不规则变化: 原级 比较级 最高级 well better best badly worse worst little less least much more most far farther/further farthest/furthest (二)用法区别 副词最高级前 the 可省略,但中考中常保留。 Tom studies (the) hardest in our class. farther/farthest 侧重距离;further/furthest 侧重程度或抽象意义,有时也可表距离。 He walked farther than me.(距离) We need further discussion.(程度) 七、综合易错点总结 修饰词混用: 原级前用 very, so, too, quite 比较级前用 much, far, even, a little, a lot 最高级前可用 the very, much the(但较少考) 比较对象一致性: 同类事物相比,用 that(单数)/those(复数)替代前文名词。 ✅ The population of China is larger than that of Japan. 冠词使用: 形容词最高级前必须加 the(有物主代词除外)。 副词最高级前 the 可省略。 “one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”中 the 不可省。 句型辨析: “as...as”之间必须用原级。 “not as/so...as”本身已否定,不再加 not。 “the + 比较级..., the + 比较级...”前后均为陈述语序。 不规则变化必背:good/better/best, bad/worse/worst, many/much/more/most, little/less/least, far/farther(further)/farthest(furthest)。 一、单词拼写 1.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)The international influence of Yangzhou is getting than before. (strong) 【答案】stronger 【详解】句意:扬州在国际上的影响力比以前更强了。strong“强的,强壮的”。根据“The international influence of Yangzhou is getting...than before.”可知,空格处应用形容词比较级作表语,strong的比较级是stronger。故填stronger。 2.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The more we communicate with our parents, the (good) we’ll understand each other. 【答案】better 【详解】句意:我们与父母沟通得越多,我们就越能相互理解。此处是结构“the+比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……就越……”,故此处用比较级better。故填better。 3.(2025·西藏·中考真题)China is the country with the (long) tea history in the world. 【答案】longest 【详解】句意:中国是世界上茶叶历史最悠久的国家。根据“in the world.”可知此处指是世界上茶叶历史最悠久的国家,故用最高级longest。故填longest。 4.(2025·西藏·中考真题)Sun Yingsha is one of the most famous ping-pong (play). 【答案】players 【详解】句意:孙颖莎是最著名的乒乓球运动员之一。孙颖莎是一名乒乓球运动员,player“运动员”,可数名词。one of the+最高级+名词复数,故player用其复数形式。故填players。 5.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)After graduating from his university, he chose one of the (far) villages in Heilongjiang to be a volunteer. 【答案】farthest 【详解】句意:大学毕业后,他选择了黑龙江最偏远的一个村庄去当志愿者。根据“he chose one of the ... villages in Heilongjiang to be a volunteer”可知,此处是“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”结构,故填farthest。 6.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Actions speak (loud) than words. 【答案】louder 【详解】句意:事实胜于雄辩。由语境及中文提示及句中的than可知,此处指的是“更加响亮的”,是actions和words之间的比较,所以此处应该用比较级的形式,故填louder。 7.(2023·四川达州·中考真题)Because of the heavy rain, my dad drove me home as (care) as he could that day. 【答案】carefully 【详解】句意:那天因为下大雨,我爸爸开车送我回家,尽可能小心。此处修饰动词drove用副词,as...as之间加副词的原级;根据“Because of the heavy rain”可知下雨时开车要小心,carefully“小心地”。故填carefully。 8.(2023·江苏南京·中考真题)I prefer reading e-books because they are much (light) than paper ones. 【答案】lighter 【详解】句意:我更喜欢阅读电子书,因为它们比纸质书轻得多。根据“much”及“than”可知此处用形容词比较级,light的比较级lighter,意为“更轻的”。故填lighter。 9.(2023·江苏淮安·中考真题)Mum, which is (big), the sun or the moon? 【答案】bigger 【详解】句意:妈妈,太阳和月亮哪个更大?根据“the sun or the moon”可知此处是在两个之间进行比较,用比较级bigger。故填bigger。 10.(2023·西藏·中考真题)The life of Tibetans becomes (happy) than it used to be. 【答案】happier 【详解】句意:西藏人民的生活比过去更幸福了。根据“than”可知此处用比较级happier“更开心”。故填happier。 一、单项选择 1.The documentary about deep-sea exploration is ________ than I expected. A.educational B.more educational C.most educational D.the most educational 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这部关于深海探索的纪录片比我预想的更有教育意义。 考查形容词比较级。educational有教育意义的(原级);more educational更有教育意义的(比较级);most educational最有教育意义的(最高级);the most educational最有教育意义的(最高级,带定冠词)。句中“than”提示此处需用比较级,且“educational”是多音节词,比较级应加“more”。故选B。 2.After helping others, I always feel ________ and useful. A.happy B.happily C.gently D.heavy 【答案】A 【详解】句意:在帮助别人之后,我总是感到快乐和有用。 考查形容词用法。happy快乐的(形容词);happily快乐地(副词);gently温柔地(副词);heavy沉重的(形容词)。空格前为系动词feel,后接形容词作表语,且根据句意“帮助他人后”和并列的形容词useful,应选择表示积极感受的形容词happy。故选A。 3.The plan to spend the weekend on the beach with family sounds ________. A.perfectly B.sweetly C.lovely D.wonderfully 【答案】C 【详解】句意:与家人在海滩度过周末的计划听起来很美好。 考查词汇辨析。perfectly完美地,副词;sweetly甜美地,副词;lovely可爱的,形容词;wonderfully精彩地,副词。sound (听起来) 是系动词,后面应接形容词作表语。故选C。 4.We expect the newly-built underground to bring us an even ________ life in transport. A.convenient B.more convenient C.the more convenient D.the most convenient 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们期待新建的地铁在交通方面给我们带来更便利的生活。 考查形容词比较级。convenient便利的,原级;more convenient更便利的,比较级;the more convenient更便利的,特指两者中更便利的那个;the most convenient最便利的,最高级。根据句意及关键词even可知,此处表示更加便利的生活,应用比较级形式,且无需特指。故选B。 5.My pet dog looks big but ________ —it never barks at my neighbours. A.softly B.gently C.friendly D.heavily 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我的宠物狗看起来很大但很友好——它从不朝我的邻居吠叫。 考查形容词的用法。softly轻柔地,副词;gently温和地,副词;friendly友好的,形容词;heavily沉重地,副词。根据“it never barks at my neighbours”可知,它不朝邻居吠叫,说明性格友好,且空格前有连词but连接两个形容词,应填形容词friendly。故选C。 6.You must conduct the experiment as ________ as possible and never jump to conclusions. A.carelessly B.careless C.carefully D.careful 【答案】C 【详解】句意:你必须尽可能仔细地进行实验,切勿妄下结论。 考查副词辨析。carelessly粗心地;careless粗心的(形容词);carefully仔细地;careful仔细的(形容词)。空格前有“as...as possible”结构,中间需用副词修饰动词“conduct”,且根据“never jump to conclusions”可知,应强调“仔细地”进行实验。故选C。 7.I ________ take a taxi to work, but this morning I took one because it was snowy. A.seldom B.sometimes C.usually D.always 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我很少打车去上班,但今天早上因为下雪打了一次车。 考查频度副词辨析。seldom很少;sometimes有时;usually通常;always总是。根据“but this morning I took one because it was snowy”可知,今天早上因为下雪才打车,说明平时很少打车,故选A。 8.—Which season do you like ______ in Xiangyang, spring or autumn? —Autumn. The weather is cool and comfortable. A.well B.better C.best D.good 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——在襄阳,你更喜欢哪个季节,春天还是秋天?——秋天。天气凉爽舒适。 考查副词比较级辨析。well好地;better更好地;best最好地;good好的。根据问题“spring or autumn”可知,是在两者之间比较,需用比较级“better”表示“更喜欢”,且回答“Autumn”进一步确认了比较选择。故选B。 9.He has a strange way to make his class _________, and all the other teachers think _________ of him. A.live; high B.lively; high C.live; highly D.lively; highly 【答案】D 【详解】句意:他有一种奇怪的方式让他的课堂生动,其他所有老师都高度评价他。 考查形容词和副词用法。live活着的,形容词;high高的,形容词;lively生动的,活泼的,形容词;highly高度地,副词。根据“He has a strange way to make his class…”可知,此处指让他的课堂生动,第一空应填入形容词lively,作宾语补足语;根据“all the other teachers think…of him.”可知,此处指其他所有老师都高度评价他,应填入highly,副词,修饰动词短语think of。故选D。 10.Many viewers highly praise the film Ne Zha 2 because of the amazing scenes ______ the valuable spirit of the character Nezha. A.as well as B.as good as C.as long as D.as soon as 【答案】A 【详解】句意:很多观众高度评价电影《哪吒2》,不仅因为其惊人的场景,还因为角色哪吒的宝贵精神。 考查短语辨析。as well as不仅……而且……,和;as good as和……一样好;as long as只要;as soon as一……就……。根据句意,此处表示并列原因,应用as well as。故选A。 二、单词拼写 11.We should take responsibilities and work for a better future. (seriously) 【答案】serious 【详解】句意:我们应该承担重大的责任,并为更美好的未来而努力。所给单词seriously“严重地”为副词,空后的单词responsibilities“责任”为名词复数,需用形容词serious来修饰。故填serious。 12.Though I felt , I chose to smile and start a new day. (happy) 【答案】unhappy 【详解】句意:尽管我感到不开心,但我选择微笑并开始新的一天。根据句首连词“Though”(尽管)可知,主句“选择微笑”与从句“感到……”之间存在转折关系。因此,空格处需填入“happy”的反义或否定形式。形容词“happy”的否定形式为“unhappy”,意为“不开心的”。故填unhappy。 13.Our school club offers activities, such as singing, gardening, and robotics. (variety) 【答案】various 【详解】句意:我们学校的俱乐部提供各种各样的活动,比如唱歌、园艺和机器人技术。variety“种类”,此处需要用形容词修饰名词activities,variety的形容词形式是various,表示“各种各样的”。故填various。 14.I’ve been so lately. Once I even walked into an exam without a pen. (forget) 【答案】forgetful 【详解】句意:我最近总是很健忘。有一次甚至没带笔就走进了考场。forget“忘记”,为动词,根据“Once I even walked into an exam without a pen.”可知,此处表示健忘的,forgetful“健忘的”,为形容词。故填forgetful。 15.The boy looked when he was asked about the missing cookies. (guilt) 【答案】guilty 【详解】句意:当被问及丢失的饼干时,这个男孩看起来很内疚。根据空格前的系动词“looked”可知,此处需用形容词作表语,描述主语的状态。名词“guilt”的形容词形式为“guilty”,意为“感到内疚的”。故填guilty。 16. , we have all worked harder to better ourselves in many ways. (recent) 【答案】Recently 【详解】句意:最近,我们都在许多方面更加努力地工作以提升自己。recent“最近的”,形容词;此处位于句首,需用副词recently“最近”作时间状语,修饰整个句子,首字母需大写。故填Recently。 17.He goes to the gym nowadays because he’s too busy with work. (rare) 【答案】rarely 【详解】句意:他最近因为工作太忙而很少去健身房。给出的词是形容词rare(稀有的,罕见的),在句子中,我们需要修饰动词短语goes to the gym,因此需要使用其副词形式rarely。故填rarely。 18.Our teacher asked us to take the exam and avoid careless mistakes. (serious) 【答案】seriously 【详解】句意:老师要求我们认真参加考试,避免粗心的错误。根据“take the exam”可知,此处需用副词修饰动词,serious“认真的;严肃的”,形容词,对应的副词形式为seriously,take the exam seriously是固定搭配,意为“认真对待考试”,故填seriously。 19.Never giving up is one of the key factors for the old man’s achievement.(certain) 【答案】certainly 【详解】句意:永不放弃无疑是这位老人取得成就的关键因素之一。空格处修饰系动词is,需要副词;certain是形容词,意为“确定的、无疑的”,其副词形式是certainly,certainly意为“确定地、无疑地”。故填certainly。 20.Last night’s heavy rain affected this morning’s traffic.  (serious) 【答案】seriously 【详解】句意:昨晚的大雨严重影响了今早的交通。括号里给的是形容词serious“严重的”,这里需要用它的副词形式seriously“严重地”来修饰动词affected“影响”,在句中作状语。故填seriously。 三、短文填空 阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 Many people love growing plants and 21 (put) them in their homes. But plants do not just make our homes look beautiful. Some of them also play 22 amazing role in our lives. We all know that plants are important in Chinese medicine. One of the 23 (popular) plants in Chinese medicine is ginseng (人参). Doctors believe that ginseng is good for people’s 24 (healthy). They often use ginseng as medicine to protect people from some illnesses. Also, Chinese people use ginseng 25 (cook) different dishes. In India, people are no stranger to neem (印度苦楝树) because they use it a lot. Neem is very 26 (use) for solving some common health problems like sore throats and skin illnesses. In ancient India, people used neem branches (树枝) for 27 (clean) their 28 (tooth). Even today, some supermarkets still sell toothpaste (牙膏) 29 (make) from it. Another very popular plant is aloe vera (芦荟). I guess this name reminds us 30 some cosmetics (化妆品). It can help solve some skin problems like hair loss and sunburn. It’s so easy 31 (grow) that people often bring this plant into their homes. 【答案】21.putting 22.an 23.most popular 24.health 25.to cook 26.useful 27.cleaning 28.teeth 29.made 30.of 31.to grow 【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人参、印度苦楝树和芦荟等植物在医药、卫生和美容等方面的特殊用途。 21.句意:许多人热爱种植植物并把它们放在家里。根据“love growing plants and…”可知,连词and连接两个并列的宾语,前面是growing(动名词形式),因此后面的动词put也应使用动名词形式,保持结构一致。故填putting。 22.句意:它们中的一些在我们的生活中也扮演着惊人的角色。分析句子,句中“role”是可数名词单数形式,所以前面需要加上冠词;又因为“amazing”是元音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词an,表示“一个”,非特指。故填an。 23.句意:中医里最受欢迎的植物之一是人参。分析句子,可知“one of the”后需跟形容词最高级。故填most popular。 24.句意:医生认为人参对人们的健康有益。根据“people’s”为名词所有格,可知后跟名词。故填health。 25.句意:此外,中国人用人参来烹饪不同的菜肴。use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”,固定搭配,此处不定式作目的状语。故填to cook。 26.句意:印度苦楝树对于解决一些像嗓子疼和皮肤病常见的健康问题非常有用。分析句子,可知“is”为系动词,后跟形容词作表语。故填useful。 27.句意:在古印度,人们用印度苦楝树的树枝来清洁牙齿。分析句子,可知介词for后面需要接动名词形式作宾语。故填cleaning。 28.句意:在古印度,人们用印度苦楝树的树枝来清洁牙齿。分析句子,tooth“牙齿”是可数名词,人的牙齿通常不止一颗,因此需要使用复数形式。故填teeth。 29.句意:即使在今天,一些超市仍然出售由它制成的牙膏。分析句子,句中已有谓语动词sell,因此此处需要填非谓语动词。逻辑主语 toothpaste“牙膏”与 make“制作”之间是被动关系,表示“被制成”,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。 30.句意:我猜这个名字让我们想起了一些化妆品。remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起某事”,固定搭配。故填of。 31.句意:它很容易种植,所以人们经常把这种植物带回家。根据“it is+adj+to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的”,为固定句型,此处用动词不定式作主语。故填to grow。 四、选词填空 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 way polite language direct your but of in easy deal look Have you met someone who kept talking and talking, and you couldn’t get them to stop? You don’t want to be 32 by telling them to shut up, but you really want to get out of the conversation. Here are some 33 to help you. Use body 34 . While it may feel impolite, you could turn away, leave your headphones (耳机) on, and avoid 35 at his/her eyes, which will show that you don’t want to talk. This may save you from 36 telling someone to stop talking later on. Keep working on whatever activity you are doing. Get up and move around, be active and find little things to do instead 37 listening. Interrupt (打断) them as soon as you can. Saying things like “I’d like to add something” or “If I could interrupt 38 for just a minute” will often let someone know that they are talking too much. Lead the conversation. This is especially helpful when 39 with someone you often talk to. Let them know that you heard what they said and guide the conversation 40 a different direction. Mention that you don’t have a lot of time to talk. Expressions like “I would love to chat (聊天) 41 I have to go for a movie right now” and “Today’s not a great day to talk. I have a lot of tasks” will make you 42 end the conversation. Remember it is a skill to back out of a conversation without saying “You are boring. Shut up.” 【答案】32.impolite 33.ways 34.language 35.looking 36.directly 37.of 38.you 39.dealing 40.in 41.but 42.easily 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何礼貌地结束一段冗长对话的方法和技巧。 32.句意:你不想通过让他们闭嘴来显得不礼貌,但你真的想结束对话。根据“by telling them to shut up”以及结合备选词可知,此处表“不想显得不礼貌”,polite变为“impolite”。故填impolite。 33.句意:这里有一些方法可以帮到你。根据“Here are some…”以及结合备选词可知,way“方法”符合语境,且“some”后接可数名词复数。故填ways。 34.句意:使用肢体语言。根据“turn away, leave your headphones on…”肢体动作以及结合备选词可知,language“语言”符合语境,且“body language”是固定搭配,表“肢体语言”。故填language。 35.句意:你可以转过身,戴着耳机,避免和他/她进行眼神交流,这会表明你不想聊天。根据“at his/her eyes”以及结合备选词可知,look“看”符合语境,且“avoid doing sth.”是固定搭配,“look”变为“looking”。故填looking。 36.句意:这可以避免你之后直接让别人停止说话。根据“telling someone to stop talking”以及结合备选词可知,direct“直接”符合语境,且此处修饰动词“telling”,用副词。故填directly。 37.句意:站起来走动,活跃起来,找点小事做,而不是听着。根据“instead”可知,“instead of”是固定搭配,表“而不是”。故填of。 38.句意:说“我想补充点内容”或“我能打断你一分钟吗”这样的话,通常会让别人知道他们说得太多了。根据“interrupt…”以及结合备选词可知,此处作“interrupt”的宾语,指对方,“your”变为“you”。故填you。 39.句意:这在和你经常聊天的人交流时特别有用。根据“with someone”以及结合备选词可知,deal“打交道”符合语境,且“when doing sth.”表“在做某事时”,“deal”要变为“dealing”。故填dealing。 40.句意:让他们知道你听到了他们说的话,并引导对话向不同的方向发展。根据“a different direction”以及结合备选词可知,“in…direction”是固定搭配,表“向……方向”。故填in。 41.句意:比如“我很想聊天,但我得去看电影了”这样的表达……。根据“I would love to chat”和“I have to go”的转折关系,结合备选词可知,but“但是”符合语境。故填but。 42.句意:“今天不是聊天的好日子。我有很多任务”会让你轻松地结束对话。根据“end the conversation”以及结合备选词可知,easily“轻松地”符合语境,且符合此处修饰动词“end”,要用副词的语法规则。故填easily。 1 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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第05讲 形容词和副词(用法、辨析、比较等级)(复习讲义)(新疆专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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第05讲 形容词和副词(用法、辨析、比较等级)(复习讲义)(新疆专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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第05讲 形容词和副词(用法、辨析、比较等级)(复习讲义)(新疆专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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