能力提升(10) Unit 4 Section Ⅰ（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第三册高中同步学案（人教版）

[能力提升] [限时30分钟] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Six scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eightmonth，all free trip to Hawaii.There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Marslike conditions to simulate (模拟) a mission to the planet.They carried out their own research projects，as NASA researchers watched to see whether they developed cabin fever，a feeling of upset and impatience when people have been inside for too long.The mission is in the hope of better understanding life on Mars. For the mission，surfing，fresh air and sunshine were all off the menu.During the eight months，the scientists had to live together in just 1，300 square feet of living space，built on the side of the Mauna Loa ( a volcano).Whenever they wanted to take a short walk outside their “house”，they had to put on 40 pound spacesuits.As if to make things even tougher，showers were limited to eight minutes each week. Perhaps it should not be overly surprising that with the six having now completed their mission，they said reentering the outside world was “a big joy”． One possible reason why the six survived could be found in their blogs.The mission commander，Ms Lenio，said she learnt to play an instrument and improved her French.Another scientist，Sophie Milam，excitedly posted a model boat made out of sticks by herself. But it wasn't all fun.About halfway through the mission，bad weather left them unable to use their solar batteries.They had to gather closely together for warmth and limit energy use to just the important systems.Ms Lenio said，“If we had really been on Mars，that would have been life or death.” Luckily，it did seem that the scientists had succeeded in avoiding cabin fever—Ms Lenio referred to her partners as “lovely people”． [语篇解读]　本文为说明文。六名科学家在夏威夷莫纳罗亚山一个与世隔绝、靠太阳能电池供电的“船舱”里生活了八个月，完成了夏威夷太空探索仿真模拟实验。 1．Why does the author mention a trip to Hawaii in Paragraph 1 ? A．To introduce the special mission. B．To describe the easy life of scientists. C.To tell us Hawaii is popular among visitors. D．To show Hawaii is a perfect place to do research. 解析　推理判断题。通读第一段可知，作者以六名科学家即将去夏威夷度过为期八个月的“假期”为话题，引出了此次在夏威夷莫纳罗亚山进行的模拟火星生活的实验。 答案　A 2．What can we learn from the scientists' blogs? A．Life on “Mars” was always colorful. B．They did what they liked to kill time. C．They were hopeless during the mission. D．They learned something from each other. 解析　推理判断题。第四段首句说到他们能够度过这段时间的原因可以从他们的博客中找到。下文即是科学家们通过做自己爱好的事来打发时间，度过为期八个月的“与世隔绝”的生活。 答案　B 3．What do Ms Lenio's words in Paragraph 5 mean? A．They wouldn't meet the problem on Mars. B．The result would have been more serious on Mars. C．Ms Lenio felt lucky to survive the mission. D．The mission was actually meaningless. 解析　推理判断题。通读倒数第二段可知，科学家们在此次实验中遭遇了天气不好导致的太阳能电池电量不足且生活面临困难的事。Ms Lenio说如果这真的发生在火星上的话，就事关他们的生死了。她的意思是如果电能不足的问题发生在火星上，会导致更严重的后果。 答案　B 4．What may be the best title of the text? A．Scientists prove living on Mars is possible B.Scientists learn a lot during their trip to Mars C．Six scientists' trip to Hawaii simulates a mission to Mars　 D．Six scientists successfully complete their mission on Mars　 解析　标题归纳题。通读文章可知，本文介绍了六名科学家在夏威夷莫纳罗亚山进行的模拟火星生活的实验，目的是进一步了解在火星上生活可能会遇到的问题。 答案　C B Venus, the Wildest Adventure in 3016! A trip to the moon, to Mars？You are out.Venus(金星) is your choice！Our spaceship carries you there at the speed of light! Amazing Venus Facts Temperature range：Always about 450 degrees Celsius.Great for barbecues! Seasons：No seasons.Always visit during best season! Gravity strength：0.91 of Earth's gravity.Makes you lighter and more alive than ever! Water：None.All boiled away. Day length：1 day＝243 Earth days.Longest days in solar system, so fun never ends! Rate of turning：0.002 km/second.Turns in opposite direction of the earth, so able to see sun rise in the west and set in the east. Year length：1 year＝224.7 Earth days or 0.62 of an Earth year. Rate of revolution：35.03 km/second. Atmosphere： △Very thick. △96% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen, and 0.1% water vapor. △Can't support life：suffocating carbon dioxide, thick clouds of sulfuric acid, and gases create greenhouse effect so very hot and no water. *Your Accommodations* ◎You will travel on a hightech rocket ship that will transport you from Earth to Venus in a mere 2.4 minutes by traveling at the speed of light.This trip will cost only $750，000. ◎Our two hotels are very luxurious and are super strong, allowing you to lie on the ground without being crushed by the pressure of the atmosphere.They are called Venus Heaven and Rocket Palace, and the cost to stay is only $200 per night.You'll get your money's worth at these two hotels, receiving free meals every day. To book a trip, call 1－800. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了3016年组织的一次到金星的冒险旅行并介绍了金星的一些情况。 5．What would you see if you faced east on Venus? A．The rising sun.　 B．The circling earth. C．The setting sun. D．The full moon. 解析　细节理解题。根据Amazing Venus Facts部分第六段第二句可知，在金星上面向东方可以看到日落。故C项符合题意。 答案　C 6．During the trip to Venus，you would pay nothing for________. A．service B．food C．the spaceship D．the hotel 解析　细节理解题。根据Your Accommodations部分第二段最后一句可知，在去金星旅行期间，你的食物不需要付费。故B项符合题意。 答案　B 7．Which section of a magazine is the text from? A．Fashion circle. B．News report. C．Modern art. D．Future world. 解析　文章出处题。根据文章的题目Venus, the Wildest Adventure in 3016！可知，这次旅行发生在一千年之后，由此可推知，这是未来的事情。故D项符合题意。 答案　D Ⅱ.阅读理解七选五 Will there be an outbreak of bird flu that threatens humans? Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic (流行病) will occur, but do say there is a chance that the virus could mutate(变异), leading to widespread infection. __1__ Here's what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy. Stock up on food, water and household supplies. If there is a bird flu pandemic, you'll want to minimize your chance of catching it by staying indoors; you might even be required to stay home if the government asks that people remain in quarantine (隔离期).You'd better stock up today on at least 2 weeks' essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies.__2__ Have an outbreak plan. It may feel odd or uncomfortable to talk to family members and loved ones about the worst case—a pandemic case. But when that case strikes, you'll all be much better off if you have a plan decided on and ready.__3__ Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those in need of special care. __4__ Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting sufficient rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the common cold. Particularly in a flu outbreak situation, it will be important to wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Be diligent about covering coughs and sneezes with tissues. Moreover, know about your essential health information such as blood type, allergies, and past or current medical conditions. Make a list of that essential information for all the members of your family.__5__ And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it. A．Work out regularly to stay slim. B．Pick up the good habits. C．It is wise to keep it somewhere safe and visible. D．It's important to ask yourself these questions before a pandemic occurs. E．Talk with your friends and family about how you'd respond to an epidemic. F．In that case, the best thing you can do right now is to prepare for that possibility. G．That will help you get through an extended time at home if there is an outbreak. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在流行病爆发的时候如何进行防范。 1．解析　F项中的“In that case”与空前的“the virus could mutate(变异), leading to widespread infection”相呼应，“that possibility”与空前的“there is a chance that”相呼应，因此从语境的连贯性判断本题选F。 答案　F　 2．解析　前文提到储备充足的食品、水和家庭用品，G项与前面的内容吻合：这些准备能够帮你度过流行病爆发时长期居家的时间。 答案　G　 3．解析　上文说，如果流行病发生了，你已经准备好了计划和应对策略，E项中的“how you'd respond to an epidemic”与此相呼应。 答案　E　 4．解析　从本空所在位置及本段内容可知，空处是本段的主题句。本段讲到在流行病爆发期间养成均衡饮食、勤锻炼等好习惯可以让自己保持健康，B项“培养好习惯”能够概括本段内容。 答案　B　 5．解析　下文的“And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it”与C项中的“keep it somewhere safe and visible”相呼应。 答案　C　 Ⅲ.语法填空 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1.________(be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 2.________ some of them looked very anxious and 3.________(disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 4.________ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk(人行道). A boy on a bike 5.______(catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 6.________(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 7.________(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an exciting conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “8.________anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It's 9.________(I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers 10.________(sudden) became friendly to one another. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。一件小事改变了人们对彼此的态度。 1. being　考查非谓语动词。worried about 表示“担忧”，介词后接名词或动名词。 2．and　考查连词。前后句是并列关系，应用and。此处指很多人在候车，一些人看起来很焦急、失望。 3．disappointed　考查形容词。修饰人用disappointed, look disappointed是系表结构，表示“看起来失望”。 4．to　考查介词。 next to是固定搭配，表示“紧挨着”。 5．caught　考查时态。catch one's attention “引起某人的注意”，根据文中的时态可知应用一般过去时。 6．to stop　考查非谓语动词。 refuse to do 表示“拒绝做某事”。 7．riding　考查非谓语动词。keep doing 表示“继续做某事”。 8．Did　考查时态。结合语境可知这里询问的是对话之前的情况，故用一般过去时。 9．me/mine　考查代词。一名妇女喊叫“天哪！是我丢东西了/那是我的箱子”。 10．suddenly　考查副词。陌生人之间突然变得友好起来。修饰动词应用副词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $