Unit 2 Chores at home（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语鲁科版四年级下册（新教材）

Unit2 Chores at home 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 祈使句的用法（肯定 + 否定 + Let's 句型） 高频易错点01 现在进行时的综合用法 高频易错点02 情态动词 can 与 be going to 的用法辨析 高频易错点04 help 的固定句型（help sb. (to) do sth. /help sb. with sth.） 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 现在进行时的综合用法（结构 + 标志词 + 动词 - ing 变化）高频易错点01 易错点提示 1.核心结构：现在进行时表示 “正在发生的动作”，必须满足 “be 动词（am/is/are）+ 动词 - ing 形式”，二者缺一不可： 正确：He is cleaning the window.（他正在擦窗户） 错误：He cleaning the window.（漏 be 动词）、He is clean the window.（无 - ing 形式） 2.标志词识别：常见标志词有 look、now、at the moment、listen 等，看到这些词需优先用现在进行时： 正确：Look! They are watering the flowers.（看！他们正在浇花） 错误：Look! They water the flowers.（用一般现在时） 3.动词 - ing 变化规则（学生高频出错点）： 一般动词直接加 - ing：wash → washing、clean → cleaning 以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 - ing：like → liking（单元无此类核心词，补充示例） 重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅），双写尾字母加 - ing：stop → stopping（单元无此类核心词，补充示例） 单元核心动词 - ing 正确形式：water → watering、sweep → sweeping、feed → feeding、peel → peeling 在感叹句中，怎么区分用what还是用how呢？分为两种情况： 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. Look! My dad ______ the floor. A. sweep B. sweeps C. is sweeping D. sweeping ( )2. —What ______ you ______ now? —I'm washing my shoes. A. do; do B. are; do C. are; doing D. do; doing ( )3. They ______ not ______ the plants at the moment. A. are; water B. are; watering C. do; water D. do; watering 4. 用所给单词的适当形式填空： Lily ______ (clean) the table now. She ______ (like) tidy rooms. Listen! The students ______ (talk) about chores. 5.改错：She is water the flowers in the garden.（画出错误并改正） ______________________________________________________ 6.翻译句子：妈妈正在厨房煮土豆。（用现在进行时） ______________________________________________________ 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1. 选 C。“Look!” 是现在进行时标志词，结构为 “be + 动词 - ing”，主语 my dad 是三单，be 动词用 is，sweep 的 - ing 形式为 sweeping。 2. 选 C。现在进行时的特殊疑问句结构为 “What+be + 主语 + doing”，主语 you 搭配 be 动词 are。 3. 选 B。“at the moment” 是现在进行时标志词，否定形式为 “be+not+doing”，主语 they 搭配 are，water 的 - ing 形式为 watering。 4. 答案：is cleaning；likes；are talking。“now”“Listen!” 提示现在进行时，主语分别为三单和复数，be 动词用 is 和 are；第二空描述习惯，用一般现在时 likes。 5. 答案：water → watering。现在进行时中，动词需用 - ing 形式，water 的 - ing 形式为 watering。 6. 答案：Mum is cooking potatoes in the kitchen. “正在煮” 用 cooking，主语 mum 是三单，be 动词用 is。 情态动词 can 与 be going to 的用法辨析高频易错点02 易错点提示 1.核心含义区分： can：表 “能力（会做）” 或 “许可（可以做）”，无时间限制： 正确：I can sweep the floor.（我会扫地→能力）、Can I help you?（我可以帮你吗→许可） be going to：表 “计划 / 打算做某事”，有明确的未来意图，常搭配时间标志词（this afternoon、tomorrow 等）： 正确：I am going to wash clothes this evening.（我打算今晚洗衣服） 易错混淆： 错误：I can go to the supermarket tomorrow.（表打算，应用 be going to） 正确：I am going to go to the supermarket tomorrow. 2.结构差异： can + 动词原形（无三单变化）：He can clean the window.（不用 cleans） be going to + 动词原形（be 动词随主语变化）：She is going to make the bed.（主语三单，be 用 is） 小练笔 ( )1. —______ you wash clothes? —Yes, I can. A. Do B. Are C. Can D. Will ( )2. I ______ going to use the sweeping robot to sweep the floor. A. am B. can C. do D. is ( )3. Tom ______ not going to feed the fish. He ______ no time. A. is; have B. is; has C. can; has D. can; have 4. 用 can 或 be going to 的适当形式填空： My sister ______ (can) cook potatoes. She ______ (be) going to cook for us tonight. They ______ (not be) going to do chores now. They ______ (can) do it tomorrow. 5.改写句子：He can clean the table.（改为 “打算明天擦桌子”，用 be going to） _____________________________________________________ 6.改错：She can going to use the washing machine.（画出错误并改正） _____________________________________________________ 点拨 1. 选 C。根据答语 “Yes, I can.”，问句用 Can 引导，表 “能力”。 2. 选 A。“be going to” 结构，主语 I 搭配 be 动词 am，表 “打算”。 3. 选 B。第一空 “be going to” 的否定形式，主语 Tom 是三单，be 用 is；第二空表 “有时间”，主语 he 是三单，have 用 has。 4. 答案：can；is；are not/aren't；can。第一空表能力用 can；第二空 “be going to” 表打算，主语 she 是三单，be 用 is；第三空 “now” 提示不表打算，用 be not going to；第四空表能力用 can。 5. 答案：He is going to clean the table tomorrow. 用 be going to 表打算，主语 he 是三单，be 用 is，加时间标志词 tomorrow。 6. 答案：can → is。can 与 be going to 不可连用，表打算用 be going to，主语 she 是三单，be 用 is。 祈使句的用法（肯定 + 否定 + Let's 句型）高频易错点03 易错点提示 1.肯定祈使句：表 “请求、邀请或命令”，以动词原形开头，无主语： 正确：Sweep the floor, please.（请扫地）、Let's clean the window together.（让我们一起擦窗户） 错误：Sweeps the floor.（用三单）、Let's to clean the window.（Let's 后接原形，漏 to） 2.否定祈使句：在动词原形前加 Don't，表 “不要做某事”： 正确：Don't wash shoes in the bathroom.（不要在浴室洗鞋子） 错误：Not wash shoes.（缺 Don't）、Don't washes shoes.（用三单） 3.Let's 句型特殊注意：Let's = Let us，后接动词原形，否定形式为 Don't let's... 或 Let's not...： 正确：Let's not forget to water the flowers.（我们别忘了浇花） 小练笔 ( )1. ______ the window! It's dusty. A. Clean B. Cleans C. Cleaning D. To clean ( )2. ______ not try to use the washing machine alone. It's dangerous. A. Do B. Be C. Don't D. Isn't ( )3. Let's ______ the plants. They are dry. A. watering B. water C. waters D. to water 4. 改写句子：Clean the table.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________________ 5.翻译句子：让我们一起整理床铺吧！（用 Let's 句型） ________________________________________________________ 6.改错：Let's to sweep the floor after class.（画出错误并改正） ________________________________________________________ 点拨 1. 选 A。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，表 “命令 / 请求”，选 clean。 2. 选 C。否定祈使句用 “Don't + 动词原形”，表 “不要做某事”，选 Don't。 3. 选 B。Let's 后接动词原形，表 “邀请一起做”，选 water。 4. 答案：Don't clean the table. 否定祈使句在动词原形前加 Don't。 5. 答案：Let's make the bed together! Let's 后接动词原形 make，“整理床铺” 是 make the bed。 6. 答案：to → 去掉。Let's 后直接接动词原形，不可加 to。 help 的固定句型（help sb. (to) do sth. /help sb. with sth.）高频易错点04 易错点提示 1.核心句型 1：help sb. (to) do sth.（帮助某人做某事），to 可省略，后接动词原形： 正确：Can you help me (to) wash clothes?（你能帮我洗衣服吗） 错误：Can you help me washing clothes?（接 - ing 形式）、Can you help me to washes clothes?（接三单） 2.核心句型 2：help sb. with sth.（在某方面帮助某人），sth. 为名词或名词短语： 正确：She helps her mum with housework.（她帮妈妈做家务） 错误：She helps her mum with cook.（with 后接动词原形，应为 cooking 或用 do cook） 3.易错混淆：两个句型可互换，注意结构转换： 同义句：He helps me clean the window. = He helps me with cleaning the window. 小练笔 ( )1. My brother can help me ______ my homework. A. do B. does C. doing D. to doing ( )2. Can you help ______ the flowers? A. watering B. water C. waters D. to waters ( )3. She often helps her dad ______ the floor. A. sweep B. sweeping C. sweeps D. to sweeping 4. 用所给单词的适当形式填空： Let's help our parents ______ (wash) clothes. He helps me ______ (make) the bed every morning. 5. 改写句子：She helps me clean the table.（改为同义句，用 with） ____________________________________________________ 6.改错：He can help his sister cooking dinner.（画出错误并改正） ____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 点拨 1. 选 A。“help sb. (to) do sth.”，can 后接动词原形 help，后接 do 的原形。 2. 选 B。“help (to) do sth.”，直接接动词原形 water，表 “帮忙浇花”。 3. 选 A。“help sb. (to) do sth.”，often 提示一般现在时，help 后接动词原形 sweep。 4. 答案：wash；make。“help sb. (to) do sth.”，to 可省略，接动词原形。 5. 答案：She helps me with the table. 或 She helps me with cleaning the table. “help sb. with sth.” 中 sth. 为名词或名词短语。 6. 答案：cooking → cook。“help sb. (to) do sth.”，不可接动词 - ing 形式，改为原形 cook。 综合训练 一、单项选择 ( )1. —What ______ you doing? —I'm peeling green beans. A. are B. do C. can D. is ( )2. Tom ______ not going to clean the window. He is too young. A. can B. is C. do D. are ( )3. ______ the floor, please. It's dirty. A. Sweep B. Sweeps C. Sweeping D. To sweep ( )4. —Can you ______ the washing machine? —Yes, I can. A. use B. uses C. using D. to use ( )5. Look! They ______ feeding the fish in the living room. A. are B. do C. can D. is ( )6. Let's ______ the plants. They need water. A. watering B. water C. waters D. to water ( )7. She ______ help her mum with housework every weekend. A. is B. can C. are D. be ( )8. —______ you going to wash shoes this afternoon? —Yes, I am. A. Do B. Can C. Are D. Will ( )9. Don't ______ the window alone. Ask your brother for help. A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to clean ( )10. My sister ______ cleaning the table now. She ______ do it well. A. is; can B. can; is C. is; is D. can; can ( )11. —Who ______ helping you with chores? —My dad. A. are B. is C. do D. can ( )12. We ______ going to use the sweeping robot. It's easy. A. am B. is C. are D. can ( )13. Can you help me ______ my socks? A. wash B. washes C. washing D. to washing ( )14. ______ interesting it is to do chores with family! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( )15. They ______ not have to do chores now. They are busy with homework. A. are B. do C. can D. is ( )16. —Is she ______ the flowers? —No, she is making the bed. A. water B. waters C. watering D. to water ( )17. He ______ going to cook potatoes for dinner. He can't cook fish. A. is B. can C. do D. are ( )18. ______ not use the rice cooker to wash clothes. It's wrong. A. Do B. Don't C. Be D. Isn't ( )19. Let's not ______ late. We need to finish chores before 6:00. A. be B. are C. is D. to be ( )20. She helps me ______ the window every Saturday. A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to cleaning 二、词汇填空 1.Look! My dad ______ (sweep) the floor. He ______ (do) it every morning. 2.—What ______ (be) you going to do tomorrow? —I'm going to ______ (wash) clothes. 3.Tom ______ (not can) feed the fish. He ______ (be) afraid of animals. 4.______ (not clean) the window now. It's raining outside. 5.Let's ______ (help) our parents ______ (make) the bed. 6.She ______ (be) going to use the washing machine. Can you help her ______ (use) it? 7.Listen! The children ______ (talk) about their chore plans. 8.My brother ______ (can) not cook, but he ______ (try) his best to learn. 9.______ (be) your sister ______ (water) the plants at the moment? 10.They ______ (not be) going to sweep the floor. They ______ (sweep) it yesterday. 三、句型转换 1.He is cleaning the table.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） _____________________________________________________________ 2.I can wash my shoes.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________________ 3.They are going to use the sweeping robot.（改为一般疑问句） _____________________________________________________________ 4.Clean the window.（改为 Let's 句型） _____________________________________________________________ 5.She helps me with housework.（改为同义句，用 help sb. do sth.） _____________________________________________________________ 6.The students are watering the flowers.（对划线部分提问，划线部分：watering the flowers） _____________________________________________________________ 7.I am going to make the bed this evening.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________________ 8.Can you help me cook potatoes?（改为肯定句） _____________________________________________________________ 9.They are doing chores now.（用 tomorrow 改写） _____________________________________________________________ 10.翻译句子：不要独自使用洗衣机，你可以请妈妈帮忙。（用 Don't 和 help） _____________________________________________________________ 四、语篇语法填空 语篇 1 It's Sunday morning. My family is busy doing chores. Look! My mum 1. ______ (cook) potatoes in the kitchen. My dad 2. ______ (sweep) the floor. He 3. ______ (can) sweep very well. My sister 4. ______ (water) the flowers. She 5. ______ (be) going to feed the fish after that. I 6. ______ (clean) the window. Can you 7. ______ (help) me? We are happy to do chores together. 语篇 2 Tom and Lily are going to do chores this afternoon. Tom 1. ______ (be) going to use the washing machine to wash clothes. He 2. ______ (can) not do it alone, so Lily 3. ______ (help) him. Lily 4. ______ (be) going to clean the table. They 5. ______ (not be) going to sweep the floor. Their dad 6. ______ (sweep) it this morning. Let's 7. ______ (join) them! 语篇 3 Don't 1. ______ (forget) to do chores! It's our duty to keep the home clean. I 2. ______ (can) sweep the floor and clean the window. My brother 3. ______ (be) going to make the bed every morning. He often 4. ______ (help) me with watering the plants. Look! He 5. ______ (water) the plants now. We 6. ______ (not be) going to watch TV before finishing chores. 参考答案 1.A 考查现在进行时的疑问句结构，主语 you 搭配 be 动词 are，选 A。 2.B 考查 be going to 的否定形式，主语 Tom 是三单，be 用 is，选 B。 3.A 考查肯定祈使句，以动词原形开头，选 A。 4.A 考查情态动词 can 的用法，后接动词原形 use，选 A。 5.A 考查现在进行时，“Look!” 是标志词，主语 they 搭配 be 动词 are，选 A。 6.B 考查 Let's 句型，后接动词原形 water，选 B。 7.B 考查情态动词 can 的用法，表 “能力”，后接动词原形 help，选 B。 8.C 考查 be going to 的一般疑问句，主语 you 搭配 be 动词 are，选 C。 9.A 考查否定祈使句，Don't 后接动词原形 clean，选 A。 10.A 前半句 “now” 提示现在进行时，用 is cleaning；后半句表能力用 can，选 A。 11.B 考查现在进行时的疑问句，主语 who 视为单数，be 用 is，选 B。 12.C 考查 be going to 的结构，主语 we 搭配 be 动词 are，选 C。 13.A 考查 help sb. (to) do sth.，后接动词原形 wash，选 A。 14.C 考查感叹句，how 修饰形容词 interesting，结构为 “How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”，选 C。 15.B 考查 have to 的否定形式，主语 we 搭配助动词 do，选 B。 16.C 考查现在进行时的一般疑问句，动词用 - ing 形式 watering，选 C。 17.A 考查 be going to 的结构，主语 he 是三单，be 用 is，选 A。 18.B 考查否定祈使句，Don't 后接动词原形 use，选 B。 19.A 考查 Let's not 句型，后接动词原形 be，选 A。 20.A 考查 help sb. (to) do sth.，后接动词原形 clean，选 A。 二、词汇填空（15 题） 1.is sweeping；does “Look!” 提示现在进行时，用 is sweeping；“every morning” 提示一般现在时，主语 he 是三单，do 变 does。 2.are；wash 考查 be going to 的结构，主语 you 搭配 are；to 后接动词原形 wash。 3.can't；is can 的否定形式为 can't；主语 he 是三单，be 用 is。 4.Don't clean 考查否定祈使句，在动词原形前加 Don't。 5.help；make Let's 后接动词原形 help；help sb. (to) do sth.，后接 make 的原形。 6.is；use 考查 be going to 的结构，主语 she 是三单，be 用 is；help sb. (to) do sth.，后接 use 的原形。 7.are talking “Listen!” 提示现在进行时，主语 the children 是复数，be 用 are，talk 的 - ing 形式为 talking。 8.can；tries can 表能力，后接动词原形 cook；后半句一般现在时，主语 he 是三单，try 变 tries。 9.Is；watering 考查现在进行时的一般疑问句，主语 your sister 是三单，be 用 is，water 的 - ing 形式为 watering。 10.are not/aren't；swept 考查 be going to 的否定形式，主语 they 搭配 are；“yesterday” 提示一般过去时，sweep 的过去式为 swept。 三、句型转换（10 题） 1.Is he cleaning the table? No, he isn't. 现在进行时的一般疑问句将 be 动词 is 提前；否定回答用 “No, 主语 + isn't”。 2.I can't wash my shoes. can 的否定形式为 can't，后接动词原形 wash。 3.Are they going to use the sweeping robot? be going to 的一般疑问句将 be 动词 are 提前。 4.Let's clean the window. Let's 后接动词原形 clean，表 “邀请一起做”。 5.She helps me do housework. help sb. do sth. 与 help sb. with sth. 同义，to 可省略。 6.What are the students doing? 对现在进行时的动作提问，用疑问词 What，结构为 “What+be + 主语 + doing”。 7.I am not going to make the bed this evening. be going to 的否定形式在 be 动词后加 not。 8.I can help you cook potatoes. 一般疑问句变肯定句，将主语 I 提前，can 后接动词原形 help。 9.They are going to do chores tomorrow. 用 tomorrow 改写，表打算，用 be going to 结构。 10.Don't use the washing machine alone. You can ask your mum for help. 否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形；“请妈妈帮忙” 用 ask your mum for help 或 ask your mum to help you。 四、语篇语法填空（3 篇） 语篇 1 1.is cooking（“Look!” 提示现在进行时，主语 mum 是三单） 2.is sweeping（现在进行时，主语 dad 是三单） 3.can（表能力，后接动词原形） 4.is watering（现在进行时，主语 sister 是三单） 5.is（be going to 结构，主语 she 是三单） 6.am cleaning（现在进行时，主语 I 搭配 am） 7.help（can 后接动词原形） 语篇 2 1.is（be going to 结构，主语 Tom 是三单） 2.can（表能力，否定形式为 can't） 3.helps（一般现在时，主语 Lily 是三单） 4.is（be going to 结构，主语 Lily 是三单） 5.are not/aren't（be going to 的否定形式，主语 they 搭配 are） 6.swept（“this morning” 提示一般过去时，sweep 的过去式为 swept） 7.join（Let's 后接动词原形） 语篇 3 1.forget（否定祈使句，Don't 后接动词原形） 2.can（表能力，后接动词原形） 3.is（be going to 结构，主语 brother 是三单） 4.helps（一般现在时，主语 he 是三单） 5.is watering（“Look!” 提示现在进行时） 6.are not/aren't（be going to 的否定形式，主语 we 搭配 are） 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $