内容正文:
Unit2 Chores at home
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
1.家务类短语的正确搭配
2.情态动词 can 的用法(肯定 / 否定 / 疑问)
3.现在进行时的构成(be 动词 + 动词 - ing)
4.help 的固定用法
5.家务工具与动作的匹配及拼写
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
高频易错点01
家务类短语的正确搭配
易错点提示
1.核心家务短语需注意 “动词 + 宾语” 的固定搭配,不可遗漏冠词或混淆名词单复数:
正确:sweep the floor(扫地)、wash clothes(洗衣服)、clean the window(擦窗户)
错误:sweep floor(漏 the)、wash cloth(cloth 用单数)、clean window(漏 the)
2.部分短语的动词与宾语不可替换:
正确:water the flowers(浇花)、make the bed(整理床铺)
错误:water flowers(漏 the)、make bed(漏 the)
同样后面接sb.(人),什么时候用介词for sb.,什么时候用介词to sb.呢?
小练笔
( )1. My sister can ______ clothes.
A. wash B. washes C. wash the D. washes the
( )2. Let's ______ the floor together.
A. sweep B. sweep the C. sweeping D. sweeping the
( )3. Can you ______ the window? It's dirty.
A. clean B. clean a C. cleans D. cleaning
4. 翻译句子:他正在浇花。
He is ______ ______ .
5. 补全短语: the bed(整理床铺)、______ clothes(洗衣服)
6. 改错:She can clean window.(画出错误并改正)
____________________________________________________
点拨
1. 选 A。“wash clothes” 是固定短语,clothes 为复数,无需加 the,can 后接动词原形。
2. 选 B。“sweep the floor” 是固定短语,must 加 the,let's 后接动词原形。
3. 选 A。“clean the window” 是固定短语,但此处 window 为泛指,且 can 后接动词原形,直接用 clean the window 或 clean a window,结合选项选 A。
4. 答案:watering the flowers。“浇花” 是 water the flowers,现在进行时用 watering,不可漏 the。
5. 答案:make;wash。“整理床铺” 是 make the bed,“洗衣服” 是 wash clothes,固定搭配。
6. 答案:clean window → clean the window。window 是可数名词单数,需加定冠词 the。
高频易错点02
情态动词 can 的用法(肯定 / 否定 / 疑问)
易错点提示
1.can 是情态动词,后接动词原形,无三单变化:
正确:He can sweep the floor.(他会扫地)、She can't cook.(她不会做饭)
错误:He can sweeps the floor.(can 后接三单)、She can't cooks.(can't 后接三单)
2.一般疑问句及回答结构:
正确:Can you wash shoes? → Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
错误:Do you can wash shoes?(多助动词 do)、Yes, I do.(用 do 回应 can)
小练笔
( )1. Tom ______ clean the table. He is helpful.
A. can B. can to C. is can D. cans
( )2. —Can your brother ______ the flowers? —No, he ______.
A. waters; can't B. water; can't C. water; isn't D. waters; doesn't
( )3. — you make the bed? —Yes, I can.
A. Do B. Are C. Can D. Is
4. 用 can 的适当形式填空:
My mother ______ (wash) clothes. She is good at it.
I ______ (not) cook, but I ______ (try) my best.
5. 改写句子:He can sweep the floor.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
___________________________________________________________
6.改错:She can washes her socks.(画出错误并改正)
___________________________________________________________
点拨
1. 选 A。can 后接动词原形,无三单形式,排除 B、D;can 不可与 be 动词连用,排除 C。
2. 选 B。can 后接动词原形,排除 A、D;否定回答用 can't,排除 C。
3. 选 C。根据答语 “Yes, I can.”,问句用 Can 引导,排除 A、B、D。
4. 答案:can wash;can't;can try。can 后接动词原形,否定形式为 can't。
5. 答案:Can he sweep the floor? No, he can't. 一般疑问句将 can 提前,否定回答用 can't。
6. 答案:washes → wash。can 后接动词原形,不可用三单形式。
高频易错点03
现在进行时的构成(be 动词 + 动词 - ing)
易错点提示1
1.现在进行时必须包含 “be 动词(am/is/are)+ 动词 - ing 形式”,二者缺一不可:
正确:He is cleaning the table.(他正在擦桌子)、They are watering flowers.(他们正在浇花)
错误:He cleaning the table.(漏 be 动词)、They water flowers.(无 - ing 形式)
2.动词 - ing 变化规则(学生易出错类型):
一般动词直接加 - ing:wash → washing、clean → cleaning
无特殊变化,不可漏写 - ing:water → watering(不是 water)、sweep → sweeping(不是 sweep)
小练笔
( )1. Look! My dad ______ the floor.
A. sweep B. sweeps C. is sweeping D. sweeping
( )2. —What ______ you doing? —I ______ washing my shoes.
A. are; am B. do; do C. are; are D. do; am
( )3. They ______ not ______ the window now.
A. are; clean B. are; cleaning C. do; clean D. do; cleaning
4. 用所给单词的适当形式填空:
Lily ______ (water) the flowers in the garden now.
We ______ (clean) the classroom at the moment.
5.翻译句子:妈妈正在厨房煮土豆。
Mum ______ ______ potatoes in the kitchen.
6.改错:She is water the plants.(画出错误并改正)
____________________________________
点拨
1. 选 C。“Look!” 提示现在进行时,结构为 “be + 动词 - ing”,主语 my dad 是三单,be 动词用 is,sweep 的 - ing 形式为 sweeping。
2. 选 A。现在进行时的疑问句用 “be + 主语 + doing”,主语 you 搭配 are;答语中 I 搭配 am。
3. 选 B。现在进行时的否定形式为 “be+not+doing”,主语 they 搭配 are,clean 的 - ing 形式为 cleaning。
4. 答案:is watering;are cleaning。“now”“at the moment” 提示现在进行时,主语分别为三单和复数,be 动词用 is 和 are。
5. 答案:is cooking。“正在煮” 用现在进行时,cook 的 - ing 形式为 cooking。
6. 答案:water → watering。现在进行时中,动词需用 - ing 形式,water 的 - ing 形式为 watering。
高频易错点04
help 的固定用法
易错点提示
1.help 后接动词时,常用 “help sb. (to) do sth.” 结构,to 可省略,不可接动词 - ing 形式:
正确:Can you help me (to) clean the window?(你能帮我擦窗户吗?)
错误:Can you help me cleaning the window?(help 后接 - ing)
2.help 后接名词时,用 “help sb. with sth.” 结构,sth. 为名词或名词短语:
正确:She helps her mum with housework.(她帮妈妈做家务)
错误:She helps her mum do housework.(虽正确,但学生易混淆 with 和 do 的用法,或错写为 help her mum to housework)
小练笔
( )1. My brother can help me ______ my homework.
A. do B. does C. doing D. to doing
( )2. Can you help ______ the flowers?
A. watering B. water C. waters D. to waters
( )3. She often helps her dad ______ the floor.
A. sweep B. sweeping C. sweeps D. to sweeping
4. 用所给单词的适当形式填空:
Let's help our parents ______ (wash) clothes.
He helps me ______ (make) the bed every morning.
5.改写句子:She helps me clean the table.(改为同义句,用 with)
_____________________________________________________
6.改错:He can help his sister cooking dinner.(画出错误并改正)
_____________________________________________________
点拨
1. 选 A。“help sb. (to) do sth.”,can 后接动词原形,选 A。
2. 选 B。“help (to) do sth.”,直接接动词原形,选 B。
3. 选 A。“help sb. (to) do sth.”,often 提示一般现在时,help 后接动词原形,选 A。
4. 答案:wash;make。“help sb. (to) do sth.”,to 可省略,接动词原形。
5. 答案:She helps me with the table. 或 She helps me with cleaning the table. “help sb. with sth.” 中 sth. 为名词或名词短语。
6. 答案:cooking → cook。“help sb. (to) do sth.”,不可接动词 - ing 形式,改为原形 cook。
高频易错点05
家务工具与动作的匹配及拼写
易错点提示
1.常见家务工具与对应动作需准确匹配,不可混淆:
正确:use a broom to sweep the floor(用扫帚扫地)、use a washing machine to wash clothes(用洗衣机洗衣服)
错误:use a broom to wash the floor(扫帚与 wash 匹配错误)、use a washing machine to sweep clothes(洗衣机与 sweep 匹配错误)
2.工具名称拼写易错,需注意复合词的构成:
正确:sweeping robot(扫地机器人)、washing machine(洗衣机)、washboard(洗衣板)
错误:sweep robot(漏 - ing)、wash machine(漏 - ing)、wash board(多空格)
小练笔
( )1. We use a ______ to clean the table.
A. broom B. cloth C. washing machine D. sweeping robot
( )2. —What tool do you use to wash clothes? —I use a ______.
A. broom B. rice cooker C. washing machine D. cloth
( )3. He uses a ______ to sweep the floor.
A. cloth B. broom C. washboard D. rice cooker
4. 根据句意补全单词:
My mum uses a w______ m______ to wash clothes.(洗衣机)
We can use a s______ r______ to sweep the floor easily.(扫地机器人)
5.翻译句子:她用洗衣板洗袜子。
She uses a ______ to ______ socks.
6.改错:He uses a washing machine to sweep the floor.(画出错误并改正)
________________________________________________
点拨
1. 选 B。“擦桌子” 用抹布(cloth),扫帚(broom)用于扫地,洗衣机(washing machine)用于洗衣服,扫地机器人(sweeping robot)用于扫地,选 B。
2. 选 C。“洗衣服” 用洗衣机(washing machine),选 C。
3. 选 B。“扫地” 用扫帚(broom),选 B。
4. 答案:washing;machine;sweeping;robot。复合词构成需加 - ing,不可漏写。
5. 答案:washboard;wash。“洗衣板” 是 washboard,“洗袜子” 是 wash socks,use sth. to do sth. 结构。
6. 答案:sweep the floor → wash clothes。洗衣机的功能是洗衣服,与扫地(sweep the floor)匹配错误,改为 wash clothes。
综合训练
一、单项选择
( )1. —Can you ______ the bed? —Yes, I can.
A. make B. makes C. making D. to make
( )2. My brother ______ not wash clothes, but he ______ clean the window.
A. can; can B. can; is C. is; can D. is; is
( )3. Look! They ______ cleaning the blackboard.
A. are B. do C. can D. is
( )4. Let's ______ clothes for our parents.
A. wash B. washes C. washing D. to wash
( )5. —What is your sister doing? —She ______ the flowers.
A. water B. waters C. is watering D. watering
( )6. Can you help me ______ the floor?
A. sweep B. sweeps C. sweeping D. swept
( )7. —Are you ______ the window? —No, I'm not.
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to clean
( )8. My mum can ______ delicious food and ______ clothes.
A. cook; wash B. cooks; washes C. cook; washes D. cooks; wash
( )9. —______ your dad sweep the floor every day? —Yes, he does.
A. Can B. Do C. Does D. Is
( )10. The students ______ not doing chores now. They are having class.
A. are B. do C. can D. does
( )11. —Can she ______ the washing machine? —Yes, she can.
A. use B. uses C. using D. to use
( )12. Let's ______ the window. It's dusty.
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to clean
( )13. —What ______ you want to do? —I want to water the flowers.
A. are B. do C. can D. is
( )14. He ______ making the bed now. He ______ do it well.
A. is; can B. can; is C. is; is D. can; can
( )15. —Are they ______ green beans? —Yes, they are.
A. peel B. peels C. peeling D. to peel
( )16. My sister ______ like to sweep the floor, but she ______ to water the flowers.
A. doesn't; likes B. don't; like C. doesn't; like D. don't; likes
( )17. Can you ______ me ______ the plants?
A. help; water B. help; waters C. helps; water D. helps; waters
( )18. —What is Tom doing? —He ______ the table.
A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaning D. cleaning
( )19. We ______ have to do chores now. We are busy with homework.
A. don't B. can C. are D. does
( )20. —Would you like to ______ the floor? —Sure.
A. sweep B. sweeps C. sweeping D. swept
二、词汇填空
1.Can you s______ the floor? It's dirty.(根据句意补全单词)
2.My sister is w______ her shoes now.(用所给单词 wash 的适当形式填空)
3.Let's c______ the window together.(根据句意补全单词)
4.Tom is f______ the fish in the fishbowl.(用所给单词 feed 的适当形式填空)
5.They are w______ the plants in the garden.(根据句意补全单词)
6.My dad can m______ the bed very well.(根据句意补全单词)
7.She ______ (not can) cook, but she can clean the window.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
8.Look! Lily is ______ (clean) the table after dinner.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
9.We ______ (be) going to sweep the floor this afternoon.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
10.My grandparents ______ (love) animals. They are feeding the chickens now.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
11.—What ______ (be) you doing? —I'm washing my socks.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
12.He ______ (not want) to clean the window. He wants to watch TV.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
13.Can you help me ______ (water) the flowers?(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
14.My brother ______ (do) chores every morning. He sweeps the floor.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
15.It's time to ______ (make) the bed. Let's hurry up.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
三、句型转换
1.He can sweep the floor.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
______________________________________________________________
2.They are watering the plants now.(改为否定句)
______________________________________________________________
3.My mum is cleaning the window.(对划线部分提问,划线部分:cleaning the window)
______________________________________________________________
4.I can wash my clothes.(改为否定句)
______________________________________________________________
5.She is making the bed.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
______________________________________________________________
6.They want to do chores together.(改为现在进行时)
______________________________________________________________
7.Can you use the washing machine?(改为肯定句)
______________________________________________________________
8.The students are cleaning the classroom.(对划线部分提问,划线部分:The students)
______________________________________________________________
9.I am going to clean the chair.(改为一般现在时)
______________________________________________________________
10.翻译句子:她不会煮土豆,但她可以试试。(用 can't 和 try)
______________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、单项选择
1. A 考查情态动词 can 的用法,can 后接动词原形,“make the bed” 是固定家务短语,故选 A。
2. A 考查 can 的否定形式及用法,can 后接动词原形,前后逻辑一致,“can not wash” 和 “can clean” 均符合语法,故选 A。
3. A 考查现在进行时,“Look!” 是现在进行时标志词,结构为 “be + 动词 - ing”,主语 they 搭配 are,故选 A。
4. A 考查祈使句 “Let's + 动词原形”,“wash clothes” 是固定短语,故选 A。
5. C 考查现在进行时,问句询问 “正在做什么”,答语需用 “be + 动词 - ing”,water 的 - ing 形式为 watering,故选 C。
6. A 考查 help 的固定用法 “help sb. (to) do sth.”,can 后接动词原形,故选 A。
7. C 考查现在进行时的一般疑问句,结构为 “Are + 主语 + doing”,clean 的 - ing 形式为 cleaning,故选 C。
8. A 考查情态动词 can 的用法,can 后接动词原形,and 连接两个并列动词,均用原形 cook 和 wash,故选 A。
9. C 考查一般现在时的一般疑问句,主语 your dad 是三单,助动词用 Does,故选 C。
10. A 考查现在进行时的否定形式,结构为 “be+not+doing”,主语 the students 搭配 are,故选 A。
11. A 考查情态动词 can 的用法,can 后接动词原形 use,故选 A。
12. A 考查祈使句 “Let's + 动词原形”,“clean the window” 是固定短语,故选 A。
13. B 考查一般现在时的特殊疑问句,主语 you 搭配助动词 do,故选 B。
14. A 前半句 “now” 提示现在进行时,用 “is making”;后半句考查 can 的用法,后接动词原形 do,故选 A。
15. C 考查现在进行时的一般疑问句,动词用 - ing 形式,peel 的 - ing 形式为 peeling,故选 C。
16. A 考查一般现在时的否定形式和肯定形式,主语 my sister 是三单,否定用 doesn't like,肯定用 likes,故选 A。
17. A 考查 help 的固定用法 “help sb. (to) do sth.”,can 后接动词原形 help,后接 water 的原形,故选 A。
18. C 考查现在进行时,问句询问 “正在做什么”,答语需用 “be + 动词 - ing”,clean 的 - ing 形式为 cleaning,故选 C。
19. A 考查 have to 的否定形式,主语 we 搭配助动词 don't,“don't have to” 表示 “不必”,符合语境,故选 A。
20. A 考查 “Would you like to + 动词原形” 结构,to 后接 sweep 的原形,故选 A。
二、词汇填空
1.sweep 考查家务短语固定搭配,“sweep the floor” 是 “扫地”,结合句意 “地板脏了”,故填 sweep
2.washing 考查现在进行时,“now” 是现在进行时标志词,wash 的 - ing 形式为 washing,表 “正在洗鞋子”,故填 washing。
3.clean 考查祈使句及家务短语,“Let's + 动词原形”,“clean the window” 是 “擦窗户”,故填 clean。
4.feeding 考查现在进行时,语境提示 “正在喂鱼”,feed 的 - ing 形式为 feeding,故填 feeding。
5.watering 考查现在进行时及家务短语,“water the plants” 是 “浇植物”,结合 “are” 可知用 - ing 形式,故填 watering。
6.make 考查固定家务短语,“make the bed” 是 “整理床铺”,can 后接动词原形,故填 make。
7.can't 考查 can 的否定形式,“can not” 缩写为 can't,后接动词原形 cook,表 “不会煮”,故填 can't。
8.cleaning 考查现在进行时,“Look!” 是标志词,clean 的 - ing 形式为 cleaning,表 “正在擦桌子”,故填 cleaning。
9.are 考查 “be going to” 结构,主语 we 搭配 be 动词 are,表 “打算扫地”,故填 are。
10.love 考查一般现在时,主语 my grandparents 是复数,动词用原形 love,表 “喜欢动物”,故填 love。
11.are 考查现在进行时的疑问句,主语 you 搭配 be 动词 are,结构为 “What are you doing?”,故填 are。
12.doesn't want 考查一般现在时的否定形式,主语 he 是三单,助动词用 doesn't,后接 want 原形,表 “不想擦窗户”,故填 doesn't want。
13.water考查 help 的固定用法,“help sb. (to) do sth.”,to 可省略,后接 water 原形,故填 water。
14.does 考查一般现在时,“every morning” 是标志词,主语 my brother 是三单,do 的三单形式为 does,表 “每天做家务”,故填 does。
15.make 考查固定句型 “It's time to + 动词原形”,“make the bed” 是固定短语,故填 make。
三、句型转换
1. Can he sweep the floor? Yes, he can. 考查情态动词 can 的一般疑问句转换,将 can 提到句首,句号变问号;肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + can”,故填上述答案。
2. They are not watering the plants now. / They aren't watering the plants now. 考查现在进行时的否定形式,在 be 动词 are 后加 not,可缩写为 aren't,其余部分不变,故填上述答案。
3. What is my mum doing? 考查现在进行时对动作的提问,用疑问词 What,结构为 “What+be + 主语 + doing”,主语 my mum 搭配 is,故填上述答案。
4. I can't wash my clothes. / I can not wash my clothes. 考查 can 的否定形式,在 can 后加 not,可缩写为 can't,后接动词原形 wash,故填上述答案。
5. Is she making the bed? No, she isn't. 考查现在进行时的一般疑问句及否定回答,将 be 动词 is 提到句首,句号变问号;否定回答用 “No, 主语 + isn't”,故填上述答案。
6. They are doing chores together. 考查一般现在时变现在进行时,结构为 “be + 动词 - ing”,主语 they 搭配 are,do 的 - ing 形式为 doing,故填上述答案。
7. I can use the washing machine. 考查一般疑问句变肯定句,将主语 I 提前,can 后接动词原形 use,其余部分不变,故填上述答案。
8. Who is cleaning the classroom? 考查对主语(人)的提问,用疑问词 Who,现在进行时结构不变,故填上述答案。
9. I clean the chair. / I can clean the chair. 考查 “be going to” 变一般现在时,去掉 be going to,主语 I 后接动词原形 clean;也可保留 can 表能力,故填上述答案。
10. She can't cook potatoes, but she can try. 考查汉译英,“不会煮土豆” 用 “can't cook potatoes”,“但” 用 but 连接,“可以试试” 用 “can try”,符合语法及语境,故填上述答案。
第 1 页 共 18 页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$