Unit 2 You can make a difference（易错题专项练习·基础知识）英语外研版三起五年级下册（新教材）

Unit 2 You can make a difference 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.go hiking 2.have a race 3.hurry up 4.slow down 5.pick up 6.wait for 7.give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 8.read books to sb. 9.care for the elderly 10.the spirit of Lei Feng 11.ar的发音 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点 拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 We went hiking.（P16） go hiking 去徒步旅行 易错点提示 ① “go” 的过去式是不规则变化 “went”，“go hiking” 的过去式为 “went hiking” ② “hiking” 为动名词形式，类似结构有 “go swimming（去游泳）”“go shopping（去购物）”，均遵循 “go + 动名词” 表“去做某事”的用法。 ③ 主谓一致：主语为复数时，一般现在时用 “go hiking”；主语为第三人称单数时，一般现在时用 “goes hiking”。 小练笔 ( )1. My family ______ in the mountains last weekend and enjoyed the fresh air. 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A. go hiking B. went hiking C. goes hiking D. going hiking ( )2. Tom often ______ with his friends on weekends because he likes outdoor activities. A. go hiking B. went hiking C. goes hiking D. going hiking ( )3. —______ they ______ yesterday afternoon? —Yes, they took a lot of photos there. A. Did; go hiking B. Do; go hiking C. Did; went hiking D. Will; go hiking ( )4. Next month, we ______ to the countryside. Would you like to join us? A. go hiking B. went hiking C. will go hiking D. goes hiking ( )5. She ______ not ______ last Sunday because she was ill in bed. A. do; go hiking B. did; go hiking C. does; go hiking D. will; go hiking ( )6. My parents and I ______ every summer holiday. It's our favorite activity. A. go hiking B. went hiking C. goes hiking D. is going hiking 点拨 1. B. 时间状语 “last weekend” 提示一般过去时，“go hiking” 的过去式为 “went hiking”。 2. C. 频度副词 “often” 提示一般现在时，主语 “Tom” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “goes hiking”。 3. A. 时间状语 “yesterday afternoon” 提示一般过去时，一般疑问句需用助动词 “Did” 引导，后面接动词原形 “go hiking”。 4. C. 时间状语 “Next month” 提示一般将来时，用 “will + 动词原形”，即 “will go hiking”。 5. B. 时间状语 “last Sunday” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “go hiking”。 6. A. 频度状语 “every summer holiday” 提示一般现在时，主语 “My parents and I” 是复数，谓语动词用原形 “go hiking”。 高频易错点02 Let's have a race to the top!" said Amy.（P16） have a race 进行比赛 易错点提示 ①时态变化：“have” 的过去式是 “had”。 ②固定搭配：“have a race to + 地点” 表示 “赛跑至某地”，如 “have a race to the finish line（赛跑至终点线）”。 ③主谓一致：主语为复数或第一、二人称时，一般现在时用 “have a race”；主语为第三人称单数时，用 “has a race”。 小练笔 ( )1. The two boys ______ yesterday and Tom won at last. A. have a race B. had a race C. has a race D. having a race ( )2. They usually ______ after school. It's a good way to exercise. A. have a race B. had a race C. has a race D. will have a race ( )3. —When ______ you ______ with your sister? —Tomorrow morning. A. do; have a race B. did; have a race C. will; have a race D. does; have a race ( )4. My brother ______ with his classmates every Friday afternoon. A. have a race B. had a race C. has a race D. is having a race ( )5. We ______ not ______ last week because the weather was bad. A. do; have a race B. did; have a race C. does; have a race D. will; have a race 点拨 1. B. 时间状语 “yesterday” 提示一般过去时，“have a race” 的过去式为 “had a race”。 2. A. 频度副词 “usually” 提示一般现在时，主语 “They” 是复数，谓语动词用原形 “have a race”。 3. C. 时间状语 “Tomorrow morning” 提示一般将来时，用 “will + 动词原形” 构成疑问句。 4. C. 频度状语 “every Friday afternoon” 提示一般现在时，主语 “My brother” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “has a race”。 5. B. 时间状语 “last week” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “have a race”。 高频易错点03 They all hurried up to the hill.（P16） hurry up 赶快；赶紧 易错点提示1 ①时态变化：“hurry” 是重读闭音节动词，过去式需双写尾字母 “r” 加 “ed”，即 “hurried”，“hurry up” 的过去式为 “hurried up” ②词性拓展：“hurry” 可作动词或名词，作名词时常用 “in a hurry（匆忙地）” He left in a hurry. 他匆忙离开了。 ③用法：“hurry up to do sth.”，表示 “赶紧做某事” Hurry up to finish your homework. 赶紧完成你的作业。 小练笔 ( )1. The bus is coming. ______! We'll be late. A. Hurry up B. Hurried up C. Hurry D. Hurries up ( )2. They ______ to catch the train yesterday morning. A. hurry up B. hurried up C. hurries up D. hurrying up ( )3. —______ you ______ to get to the airport on time? —Yes, we arrived ten minutes early. A. Do; hurry up B. Did; hurry up C. Will; hurry up D. Does; hurry up ( )4. My mother always ______ when she is late for work. A. hurry up B. hurried up C. hurries up D. is hurrying up ( )5. We ______ not ______ because we had enough time. A. do; hurry up B. did; hurry up C. does; hurry up D. will; hurry up ( )6. ______ to finish the task before dark. It's getting dark soon. A. Hurry up B. Hurried up C. Hurrying up D. Hurries up 点拨 1.A.此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头，“hurry up” 是固定短语，意为 “赶紧”。 2.B.时间状语 “yesterday morning” 提示一般过去时，“hurry up” 的过去式为 “hurried up”。 3.B.答语 “arrived” 提示一般过去时，一般疑问句需用助动词 “Did” 引导，后面接动词原 “hurry up”。 4.C.频度副词 “always” 提示一般现在时，主语 “My mother” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “hurries up”。 5.B.原因状语从句 “had” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “hurry up”。 6.A.此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头，“hurry up to do sth.” 表示 “赶紧做某事”。 高频易错点04 At first, Daming was in the front. But then he slowed down.（P16） slow down 放慢速度 易错点提示 ①“slow down” 是不及物动词短语，后面若接宾语需加介词 “to” slow down to look at the map. 放慢速度看地图。 ②反义词组：“speed up（加速）” The car speeded up on the highway. 汽车在高速公路加速了。 小练笔 ( ) 1. The driver ______ when he saw the red light. A. slow down B. slowed down C. slows down D. slowing down ( ) 2. Please ______ when you drive through the school zone. A. slow down B. slowed down C. slows down D. to slow down ( ) 3. My father usually ______ when there are many people on the road. A. slow down B. slowed down C. slows down D. is slowing down ( ) 4. —Why ______ you ______ just now? —Because I saw an old man crossing the street. A. do; slow down B. did; slow down C. will; slow down D. does; slow down ( ) 5. They ______ not ______ yesterday because the road was empty. A. do; slow down B. did; slow down C. does; slow down D. will; slow down 点拨 1. B. 时间状语从句 “saw” 提示一般过去时，“slow down” 的过去式为 “slowed down”。 2. A. 此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头，“slow down” 表示 “放慢速度”。 3. C. 频度副词 “usually” 提示一般现在时，主语 “My father” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “slows down”。 4. B. 时间状语 “just now” 提示一般过去时，一般疑问句需用助动词 “Did” 引导，后面接动词原形 “slow down”。 5. B. 时间状语 “yesterday” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “slow down”。 高频易错点05 I picked them up.（P16） pick up 捡起；拾起 易错点提示 ① “pick up” 是动副短语，宾语为代词时需放在 “pick” 和 “up” 之间；宾语为名词时，可放在中间或后面，如 “pick it up（把它捡起来）”“pick up the book（捡起书）”/“pick the book up”。 ② 搭配拓展：“pick up” 还可表示 “接某人”，如 “I'll pick you up at the station.（我会去车站接你。）”。 小练笔 ( )1. She ______ the rubbish on the ground and threw it into the bin. A. pick up B. picked up C. picks up D. picking up ( )2. Please ______ the pen for me. I can't reach it. A. pick up B. picked up C. picks up D. to pick up ( )3. My brother often ______ the toys after playing with them. A. pick up B. picked up C. picks up D. is picking up ( )4. —What did you ______ from the floor? —I ______ a key. A. pick up; picked up C. picked up; pick up B. pick up; pick up D. picked up; picked up ( )5. They ______ not ______ the cans yesterday because it was raining. A. do; pick up B. did; pick up C. does; pick up D. will; pick up ( )6. The little girl ______ the fallen flowers and put them in a vase. A. pick up B. picked up C. picks up D. is picking up ( )7. —Can you ______ that book? —Sure. Here you are. A. pick up B. picked up C. picks up D. picking up 点拨 1. B. 并列谓语 “threw” 提示一般过去时，“pick up” 的过去式为 “picked up”。 2. A. 此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头，“pick up” 表示 “捡起”。 3. C. 频度副词 “often” 提示一般现在时，主语 “My brother” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “picks up”。 4. A. 第一空前面有助动词 “did”，后面接动词原形 “pick up”；第二空描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时 “picked up”。 5. B. 时间状语 “yesterday” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “pick up”。 6. B. 并列谓语 “put”（过去式）提示一般过去时，“pick up” 的过去式为 “picked up”。 7. A. 情态动词 “Can” 后面接动词原形 “pick up”。 高频易错点06 They waited and waited.（P16） wait for 等待 易错点提示 ①“wait for” 后面必须接宾语（人或事物），不能单独使用，如 “wait for him（等他）”“wait for the bus（等公交车）”。 ②常见搭配：“wait for sb. to do sth.” 表示 “等待某人做某事”，如 “I'm waiting for you to call me.（我在等你给我打电话。）”。 小练笔 ( )1. We ______ our teacher for twenty minutes at the school gate yesterday. A. wait for B. waited for C. waits for D. waiting for ( )2. She usually ______ the train at 7 o'clock every morning. A. wait for B. waited for C. waits for D. is waiting for ( )3. —______ you ______ your parents to come back last night? —Yes, we waited for two hours. A. Do; wait for B. Did; wait for C. Will; wait for D. Does; wait for ( )4. My friends are ______ me to go to the cinema together. A. wait for B. waited for C. waits for D. waiting for ( )5. They ______ not ______ the plane because it was delayed. A. do; wait for B. did; wait for C. does; wait for D. will; wait for ( )6. I ______ my sister to finish her homework before going out. A. wait for B. waited for C. waits for D. am waiting for ( )7. Don't ______ him. He won't come today. A. wait for B. waited for C. waits for D. waiting for 点拨 1. B. 时间状语 “yesterday” 提示一般过去时，“wait for” 的过去式为 “waited for”。 2. C. 频度副词 “usually” 提示一般现在时，主语 “She” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “waits for”。 3. B. 时间状语 “last night” 提示一般过去时，一般疑问句需用助动词 “Did” 引导，后面接动词原形 “wait for”。 4. D. 标志词 “are” 提示现在进行时，“wait for” 的现在分词为 “waiting for”。 5. B. 原因状语从句 “was delayed” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “wait for”。 6. B. 此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“wait for” 的过去式为 “waited for”，表示 “出去前我等我妹妹完成了作业”。 7. A. 祈使句的否定形式 “Don't + 动词原形”，“wait for” 表示 “等待”。 高频易错点07 I gave her half of my sandwich.（P19） give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 易错点提示 ① 时态变化：“give” 的过去式是不规则变化 “gave” ② 结构转换：“give sb. sth.” 可与 “give sth. to sb.” 互换，但当宾语是代词时，只能用 “give sth. to sb.” 结构，如 “give it to him（把它给他）”，不能说 “give him it”。 小练笔 ( )1. My mother ______ me a new dress as my birthday gift last year. A. give B. gave C. gives D. giving ( )2. Tom often ______ his toys to his little brother. A. give B. gave C. gives D. is giving ( )3. —What did you ______ to your friend? —I ______ a beautiful card to her. A. give; gave B. gave; give C. give; give D. gave; gave ( )4. She ______ not ______ the book to me yesterday. She kept it for herself. A. do; give B. did; give C. does; give D. will; give ( )5. My father ______ a pen ______ me just now. A. give; to B. gave; to C. gives; to D. is giving; to ( )6. —Can you ______ this box to my room? —Sure. A. give B. gave C. gives D. giving ( )7. He ______ his seat to an old woman on the bus this morning. A. give B. gave C. gives D. is giving 点拨 1. B. 时间状语 “last year” 提示一般过去时，“give” 的过去式为 “gave”。 2. C. 频度副词 “often” 提示一般现在时，主语 “Tom” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “gives”。 3. A. 第一空前面有助动词 “did”，后面接动词原形 “give”；第二空描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时 “gave”，“give sth. to sb.” 表示 “把某物给某人”。 4. B. 时间状语 “yesterday” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “give”。 5. B. 时间状语 “just now” 提示一般过去时，“give sth. to sb.” 表示 “把某物给某人”，“give” 的过去式为 “gave”。 6. A. 情态动词 “Can” 后面接动词原形 “give”，“give sth. to sb.” 表示 “把某物带给某人”。 7. B. 时间状语 “this morning” 提示一般过去时，“give one's seat to sb.” 表示 “给某人让座”，“give” 的过去式为 “gave”。 高频易错点08 Last Sunday, I went to the care home and read books to old people.（P17） read books to sb. 给某人读书 易错点提示 ① 时态变化：“read” 的原形、过去式和过去分词拼写相同，但发音不同，原形 /riːd/，过去式 /red/；“read books to sb.” 的过去式为 “read books to sb.”。 ② 用法：“to” 后面接动作的对象（人），表示 “给某人读书”，类似结构有 “sing songs to sb.（给某人唱歌）”“tell stories to sb.（给某人讲故事）”。 小练笔 ( )1. We ______ books to the children in the children's home last weekend. A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read ( )2. My sister often ______ books to our little cousin before bedtime. A. read B. reads C. reading D. is reading ( )3. —______ you ______ books to your grandpa yesterday afternoon? —Yes, I read a storybook to him. A. Do; read B. Did; read C. Will; read D. Does; read ( )4. They ______ not ______ books to the old people last month because they were busy. A. do; read B. did; read C. does; read D. will; read ( )5. Look! The girl ______ books to the sick children in the hospital. A. read B. reads C. is reading D. will read ( )6. He ______ a poem book to his mother on Mother's Day. A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read ( )7. My teacher often asks us ______ books to the younger students. A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading 点拨 1. A. 时间状语 “last weekend” 提示一般过去时，“read” 的过去式为 “read”。 2. B. 频度副词 “often” 提示一般现在时，主语 “My sister” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “reads”。 3. B. 时间状语 “yesterday afternoon” 提示一般过去时，一般疑问句需用助动词 “Did” 引导，后面接动词原形 “read”。 4. B. 时间状语 “last month” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “read”。 5. C. 标志词 “Look!” 提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时 “be + 现在分词”，主语 “The girl” 是单数，be 动词用 “is”，“read” 的现在分词为 “reading”。 6. A. 时间状语 “on Mother's Day” 提示一般过去时，“read” 的过去式为 “read”。 7. C. “ask sb. to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “让某人做某事”，此处用 “to read”。 高频易错点09 I can care more about the elderly.（P21） care for the elderly 关心老人 易错点提示 ① 时态变化：“care” 的过去式直接加 “d”，即 “cared” ② 词汇拓展：“the elderly” 表示 “老人”，是复数概念，类似表达有 “the old（老人）”； “care for” 还可表示 “照顾；照料” ③ 常见搭配：“care about（关心；在乎）” 与 “care for” 意思相近，但 “care for” 更侧重 “照顾”，“care about” 更侧重 “在意”，如 “I care about you.（我在乎你。）”。 小练笔 ( )1. We ______ the elderly in the care home last Sunday. We talked with them and sang songs for them. A. care for B. cared for C. cares for D. caring for ( )2. My grandparents ______ the elderly in their neighborhood. They often help them with shopping. A. care for B. cared for C. cares for D. is caring for ( )3. —______ your parents ______ the elderly when they were young? —Yes, they often visited the lonely old people. A. Do; care for B. Did; care for C. Will; care for D. Does; care for ( )4. She ______ not ______ the elderly yesterday because she was on a business trip. A. do; care for B. did; care for C. does; care for D. will; care for ( )5. We should ______ the elderly. It's our duty. A. care for B. cared for C. cares for D. caring for ( )6. The nurse ______ the elderly patients carefully in the hospital every day. A. care for B. cared for C. cares for D. is caring for ( )7. They ______ the elderly in the community tomorrow. They will clean their houses. A. care for B. cared for C. will care for D. cares for 点拨 1. B. 时间状语 “last Sunday” 提示一般过去时，“care for” 的过去式为 “cared for”。 2. A. 频度副词 “often” 提示一般现在时，主语 “My grandparents” 是复数，谓语动词用原形 “care for”。 3. B. 时间状语从句 “were” 提示一般过去时，一般疑问句需用助动词 “Did” 引导，后面接动词原形 “care for”。 4. B. 时间状语 “yesterday” 提示一般过去时，否定句需用助动词 “did” + “not”，后面接动词原形 “care for”。 5. A. 情态动词 “should” 后面接动词原形 “care for”。 6. C. 频度副词 “every day” 提示一般现在时，主语 “The nurse” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “cares for”。 7. C. 时间状语 “tomorrow” 提示一般将来时，用 “will + 动词原形”，即 “will care for”。 高频易错点10 We should help others not only on Lei Feng Day but also...（P21） the spirit of ……精神 易错点提示 ① “spirit” 为不可数名词；“the spirit of...” 表示 “……的精神”，如 “the spirit of teamwork（团队合作精神）”。 ② 用法：“the spirit of Lei Feng” 名字首字母需大写；常与 “learn from（学习）”“carry forward（弘扬）” 等动词搭配，如 “We should learn from the spirit of Lei Feng.（我们应该学习雷锋精神。）”。 ③ 主谓一致：当 “the spirit of Lei Feng” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，如 “The spirit of Lei Feng inspires many people.（雷锋精神激励着许多人。）”。 小练笔 ( )1. ______ the spirit of Lei Feng is important for everyone. A. Learn B. Learning C. Learnt D. To learning ( )2. We should ______ the spirit of Lei Feng and help others in need. A. learn from B. learn to C. learn about D. learn with ( )3. The spirit of Lei Feng ______ many young people to volunteer. A. inspire B. inspires C. inspired D. inspiring ( )4. —What did you learn from ______ the spirit of Lei Feng? —I learned to care for others. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study ( )5. They ______ the spirit of Lei Feng by doing volunteer work last year. A. carry forward B. carries forward C. carried forward D. carrying forward ( )6. Everyone should remember ______ the spirit of Lei Feng. A. to learn B. learn C. learning D. learnt ( )7. The spirit of Lei Feng ______ not only in China but also in other countries. A. is respected B. respect C. respects D. respected 点拨 1. B. 空格处作主语，需用动名词形式 “Learning”，表示 “学习雷锋精神对每个人都很重要”。 2. A. “learn from” 是固定搭配，意为 “学习……”，“learn from the spirit of Lei Feng” 表示 “学习雷锋精神”。 3. B. 主语 “The spirit of Lei Feng” 是单数，一般现在时中谓语动词用 “inspires”，表示 “雷锋精神激励着许多年轻人去做志愿工作”。 4. B. 介词 “from” 后面接动名词形式 “studying”，表示 “从学习雷锋精神中你学到了什么？”。 5. C. 时间状语 “last year” 提示一般过去时，“carry forward” 的过去式为 “carried forward”，表示 “去年他们通过做志愿工作弘扬了雷锋精神”。 6. A. “remember to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “记得去做某事”，此处用 “to learn”，表示 “每个人都应该记得学习雷锋精神”。 7. A. 此处表示 “雷锋精神不仅在中国而且在其他国家都受到尊重”，用被动语态 “is respected”，一般现在时的被动语态结构为 “am/is/are + 过去分词”。 高频易错点11 字母组合 “ar” 的发音（P20） We hike far, under the star. 我们徒步远行，在星空下。 It’s fun to reach where dreams are. 抵达梦想之地真有趣。 易错点提示 ①在重读音节中通常发音 /ɑː/，如： smart /smɑːt/ far /fɑː/ star /stɑː/ car /kɑː/ ②字母组合 ar 特殊发音：在字母 /w/ 后常发 /ɔː/ 音（小学阶段重点掌握），如： warm /wɔːm/ warn /wɔːn/ quarter /ˈkwɔːtə/ ③少数情况：ar 在非重读音节中发 /ə/ 音，如： sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ dollar /ˈdɒlə/ 小练笔 选出下列单词中划线部分发音不同的一项。 ( )1. A.car B.far C.warm D.star ( )2. A.smart B.park C.quarter D.farm ( )3. A.star B.water C.harvest D.arm ( )4. A.farm B.warn C.harm D.jar ( )5. A.sugar B.car C.far D.star 点拨 1.C 解析：A、B、D 项中 “ar” 均发 /ɑː/，C 项 “warm” 中 “ar” 位于 /w/ 后，发 /ɔː/（特殊发音），发音不同。 2.C 解析：A、B、D 项中 “ar” 均发 /ɑː/，C 项 “quarter” 中 “ar” 位于 /kw/ 后，发 /ɔː/（特殊发音），发音不同。 3.B 解析：A、C、D 项中 “ar” 均发 /ɑː/，B 项 “water” 中 “ar” 发 /ɔː/（特殊发音），发音不同。 4.B 解析：A、C、D 项中 “ar” 均发 /ɑː/，B 项 “warn” 中 “ar” 位于 /w/ 后，发 /ɔː/（特殊发音），发音不同。 5.A 解析：B、C、D 项中 “ar” 均发 /ɑː/，A 项 “sugar” 中 “ar” 处于非重读音节，发 /ə/（特殊发音），发音不同。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.The four friends ______（go）hiking last Saturday. 2.They ______（hurry）up to the top of the hill yesterday morning. 3.My sister ______（pick）up some cans and plastic bottles along the way. 4.He ______（give）me a book as a gift on my birthday last month. 5.We ______（wait）for our teacher for twenty minutes at the school gate yesterday. 6.She ______（read）books to the elderly in the care home last Sunday. 7.My parents ______（do）volunteer work in the community last year. 8.Tom ______（care）for the sick cat when he found it on the street. 9.They ______（have）a race to the finish line and Jim won. 10.We should ______（learn）from the spirit of Lei Feng and help others. 二、单项选择题 ( )1. My brother ______ hiking with his friends last weekend. A. go B. went C. goes D. going ( )2. They ______ up to catch the early bus yesterday morning. A. hurry B. hurried C. hurries D. hurrying ( )3. She ______ the pen on the floor and gave it to me. A. pick up B. picked up C. picks up D. is picking up ( )4. —What did you ______ to your sister? —I ______ her a new toy. A. give; gave B. gave; give C. give; give D. gave; gave ( )5. We ______ for our friends at the cinema for half an hour last night. A. wait B. waited C. waits D. waiting ( )6. The students ______ books to the children in the children's home last month. A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read ( )7. My father ______ volunteer work at the animal shelter every Sunday. A. do B. did C. does D. is doing ( )8. They ______ a race to the top of the hill and Tom was the first. A. have B. had C. has D. having ( )9. She ______ for the elderly in the care home every weekend. A. care B. cared C. cares D. caring ( )10. —Should we ______ the spirit of Lei Feng? —Yes, we should help others in need. A. learn from B. learn to C. learn about D. learn with 三、句型转换 1.We go hiking every summer holiday.（改为一般过去时） We ______ ______ last summer holiday. 2.They have a race to the top of the hill.（改为一般过去时） They ______ ______ ______ to the top of the hill. 3.She gave me a beautiful card.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ me a beautiful card. 4.He picked up some cans and plastic bottles.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ he ______ up? 5.Did they wait for their teacher at the school gate?（改为肯定句） They ______ ______ their teacher at the school gate. 6.我们应该关心老人。（翻译句子） We should ______ ______ the elderly. 7.She read books to the elderly in the care home.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ books to the elderly in the care home? 8.My sister cares for the sick dog every day.（改为一般过去时） My sister ______ ______ the sick dog yesterday. 四、汉译英，根据中文提示补全句子 1.他们上周日去徒步旅行了。 They ______ ______ last Sunday. 2.我们昨天赶紧去车站赶火车。 We ______ ______ to the station to catch the train yesterday. 3.她捡起地上的垃圾扔进了垃圾桶。 She ______ ______ the rubbish on the ground and threw it into the bin. 4.我妈妈给我买了一件新衣服作为生日礼物。 My mother ______ ______ a new dress as my birthday gift. 5.他们在电影院等了我半小时。 They ______ ______ me at the cinema for half an hour. 6.学生们上个月给儿童之家的孩子们读了书。 The students ______ ______ to the children in the children's home last month. 7.我爸爸每个周末都在动物收容所做志愿工作。 My father ______ ______ ______ at the animal shelter every weekend. 8.他们进行了一场赛跑，汤姆是第一名。 They ______ ______ ______ and Tom was the first. 9.她经常在养老院关心老人。 She often ______ ______ the elderly in the care home. 10.我们应该学习雷锋精神，帮助有需要的人。 We should learn from ______ ______ ______ Lei Feng and help people in need. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.went　　2.hurried　　3.picked　　4.gave　　5.waited　　6.read　　7.did　　8.cared　　9.had　　10.learn 1.went 句中 “last Saturday” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“go” 的过去式为不规则变化 “went”，句意为 “这四个朋友上周六去徒步旅行了”。 2.hurried 句中 “yesterday morning” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“hurry” 的过去式为 “hurried”（以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 ed），句意为 “他们昨天早上赶紧向山顶爬去”。 3.picked 结合语境可知 “捡瓶子” 是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“pick” 的过去式为 “picked”（规则变化加 ed），句意为 “我姐姐沿途捡了一些罐子和塑料瓶”。 4.gave 句中 “last month” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“give” 的过去式为不规则变化 “gave”，句意为 “上个月我生日时，他送了我一本书作为礼物”。 5.waited 句中 “yesterday” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“wait” 的过去式为 “waited”（规则变化加 ed），句意为 “昨天我们在学校门口等了老师二十分钟”。 6.read 句中 “last Sunday” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“read” 的过去式为不规则变化，仍为 “read”（发音不同），句意为 “上周日她去养老院给老人们读了书”。 7.did 句中 “last year” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“do” 的过去式为不规则变化 “did”，句意为 “我父母去年在社区做了志愿工作”。 8.cared 句中 “found” 是过去式，前后动作时态一致，用一般过去时，“care” 的过去式为 “cared”（规则变化加 d），句意为 “汤姆在街上发现那只生病的猫时，照顾了它”。 9.had 句中 “won” 是过去式，提示 “赛跑” 是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“have” 的过去式为不规则变化 “had”，句意为 “他们进行了一场冲向终点线的赛跑，吉姆赢了”。 10.learn 句中 “should” 是情态动词，后接动词原形，“learn from” 是固定短语，意为 “向…… 学习”，句意为 “我们应该学习雷锋精神，帮助他人”。 二、单项选择题 1.B　　2.B　　3.B　　4.A　　5.B　　6.A　　7.C　　8.B　　9.C　　10.A 1.B 句中 “last weekend” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“go hiking” 的过去式为 “went hiking”，A 为原形，C 为三单形式，D 为现在分词，均不符合时态要求，句意为 “我哥哥上周末和他的朋友们去徒步旅行了”，故选 B。 2.B 句中 “yesterday morning” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“hurry up” 的过去式为 “hurried up”，A 为原形，C 为三单形式，D 为现在分词，均不符合语法要求，句意为 “他们昨天早上赶紧去赶早班车”，故选 B。 3.B 句中 “gave” 是过去式，前后动作时态一致，用一般过去时，“pick up” 的过去式为 “picked up”，A 为原形短语，C 为三单形式短语，D 为现在进行时短语，均不符合语境，句意为 “她捡起地上的钢笔，把它给了我”，故选 B。 4.A 第一空前面有助动词 “did”，后接动词原形 “give”；第二空表过去发生的动作，用 “give” 的过去式 “gave”，B、C、D 均不符合 “助动词后接原形，过去动作⽤过去式” 的规则，句意为 “—— 你给了你妹妹什么？—— 我给了她一个新玩具”，故选 A。 5.B 句中 “last night” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“wait” 的过去式为 “waited”，A 为原形，C 为三单形式，D 为现在分词，均不符合时态要求，句意为 “昨晚我们在电影院等了朋友们半小时”，故选 B。 6.A 句中 “last month” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“read” 的过去式为 “read”，B 为三单形式，C 为现在分词，D 为动词不定式，均不符合语法要求，句意为 “学生们上个月给儿童之家的孩子们读了书”，故选 A。 7.C 句中 “every Sunday” 是一般现在时的时间标志词，主语 “my father” 是第三人称单数，“do” 的三单形式为 “does”，A 为原形，B 为过去式，D 为现在进行时，均不符合时态和主谓一致要求，句意为 “我爸爸每个周末都在动物收容所做志愿工作”，故选 C。 8.B 句中 “was” 是过去式，提示 “赛跑” 是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“have” 的过去式为 “had”，A 为原形，C 为三单形式，D 为现在分词，均不符合时态要求，句意为 “他们进行了一场向山顶的赛跑，汤姆是第一名”，故选 B。 9.C 句中 “every weekend” 是一般现在时的时间标志词，主语 “she” 是第三人称单数，“care” 的三单形式为 “cares”，A 为原形，B 为过去式，D 为现在分词，均不符合时态和主谓一致要求，句意为 “她每个周末都在养老院关心老人”，故选 C。 10.A “learn from” 是固定搭配，意为 “向…… 学习”；B “learn to” 后接动词原形，表 “学习做某事”；C “learn about” 意为 “了解”；D “learn with” 意为 “和…… 一起学习”，均不符合 “学习精神” 的语境，句意为 “—— 我们应该学习雷锋精神吗？—— 是的，我们应该帮助有需要的人”，故选 A。 三、句型转换 1.went hiking　　2.had a race　　3.didn't give　　4.What did; pick　　5.waited for　　 6.care for　　7.Did; read　　8.cared for 1.went hiking 原句是一般现在时，改为一般过去时需将谓语动词 “go” 变为过去式 “went”，“hiking” 保持不变，句意为 “我们去年暑假去徒步旅行了”。 2.had a race 原句是一般现在时，改为一般过去时需将谓语动词 “have” 变为过去式 “had”，“a race” 和 “to the top of the hill” 保持不变，句意为 “他们进行了一场向山顶的赛跑”。 3.didn't give 原句是一般过去时，否定句需在谓语动词前加助动词 “didn't”，同时将过去式 “gave” 还原为原形 “give”，句意为 “她没有给我一张漂亮的卡片”。 4.What did; pick 画线部分 “some cans and plastic bottles” 是事物，用特殊疑问词 “what” 提问；原句是一般过去时，需加助动词 “did”，并将过去式 “picked” 还原为原形 “pick”，句意为 “他捡起了什么？”。 5.waited for 原句是一般过去时的一般疑问句，改为肯定句需去掉助动词 “Did”，并将谓语动词 “wait” 变为过去式 “waited”，“for their teacher” 保持不变，句意为 “他们在学校门口等了他们的老师”。 6.care for “关心” 的固定表达为 “care for”，“should” 后接动词原形，句意为 “我们应该关心老人”。 7.Did; read 原句是一般过去时，改为一般疑问句需将助动词 “Did” 置于句首，同时将过去式 “read” 还原为原形 “read”，句意为 “她去养老院给老人们读书了吗？”。 8.cared for 原句是一般现在时，改为一般过去时需将谓语动词 “cares” 变为过去式 “cared”，“for the sick dog” 保持不变，句意为 “我姐姐昨天照顾了那只生病的狗”。 四、汉译英，根据中文提示补全句子 1.went hiking　　2.hurried up　　3.picked up　　4.bought me　　5.waited for　　6.read books　　7.does volunteer work　　8.had a race　　9.cares for　　10.the spirit of 1.went hiking “去徒步旅行” 的固定表达为 “go hiking”，句中 “last Sunday” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“go” 的过去式为 “went”，句意为 “他们上周日去徒步旅行了”。 2.hurried up “赶紧” 的固定表达为 “hurry up”，句中 “yesterday” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“hurry” 的过去式为 “hurried”，句意为 “我们昨天赶紧去车站赶火车”。 3.picked up “捡起” 的固定表达为 “pick up”，句中 “threw” 是过去式，前后动作时态一致，用一般过去时，“pick” 的过去式为 “picked”，句意为 “她捡起地上的垃圾扔进了垃圾桶”。 4.bought me “给某人买某物” 的固定表达为 “buy sb. sth.”，句中语境提示用一般过去时，“buy” 的过去式为 “bought”，句意为 “我妈妈给我买了一件新衣服作为生日礼物”。 5.waited for “等待” 的固定表达为 “wait for”，句中语境提示用一般过去时，“wait” 的过去式为 “waited”，句意为 “他们在电影院等了我半小时”。 6.read books “读书” 的固定表达为 “read books”，句中 “last month” 是一般过去时的时间标志词，“read” 的过去式为 “read”，句意为 “学生们上个月给儿童之家的孩子们读了书”。 7.does volunteer work “做志愿工作” 的固定表达为 “do volunteer work”，句中 “every weekend” 是一般现在时的时间标志词，主语 “my father” 是第三人称单数，“do” 的三单形式为 “does”，句意为 “我爸爸每个周末都在动物收容所做志愿工作”。 8.had a race “进行一场赛跑” 的固定表达为 “have a race”，句中 “was” 是过去式，提示用一般过去时，“have” 的过去式为 “had”，句意为 “他们进行了一场赛跑，汤姆是第一名”。 9.cares for “关心” 的固定表达为 “care for”，句中 “often” 是一般现在时的时间标志词，主语 “she” 是第三人称单数，“care” 的三单形式为 “cares”，句意为 “她经常在养老院关心老人”。 10.the spirit of “…… 的精神” 的固定表达为 “the spirit of”，“雷锋精神” 译为 “the spirit of Lei Feng”，句意为 “我们应该学习雷锋精神，帮助有需要的人”。 $