专题07 宾语从句(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

2026-01-26
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专题07 宾语从句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 2 ★ 考点一 宾语从句的引导词 3 ★ 考点二 宾语从句的时态 6 考点三 宾语从句的语序与否定前移 9 ★ 考点四 直接引语与间接引语 13 04 优题精选·练能提分 18 考点 课标要求 复习目标 宾语从句的引导词  掌握that、if/whether、特殊疑问词(what、who、when等)引导宾语从句的用法及区别;能根据语境选择合适的引导词。 1. 能准确区分不同引导词的适用场景;2. 熟练判断引导词在从句中是否充当句子成分;3. 避免if与whether的误用。 宾语从句的时态  掌握宾语从句时态与主句时态的呼应规则;能根据主句时态和语境确定从句时态。 1. 牢记“主现从任意、主过从过去、客观真理用一般现在时”原则;2. 准确处理时态呼应中的特殊情况。 宾语从句的语序与否定前移  掌握宾语从句的陈述语序要求;理解并运用宾语从句的否定前移规则。 1. 能将疑问句语序转化为从句的陈述语序;2. 熟记否定前移的适用动词及句式结构;3. 避免语序和否定前移的常见错误。 直接引语与间接引语  掌握直接引语变间接引语的“三要素”(引导词、时态、语序)转换规则;能准确完成两种句式的改写。 1. 熟练处理不同句式(陈述句、疑问句、祈使句)的引语转换;2. 准确调整人称、时间、地点状语;3. 能应对复杂语境下的引语转换题型。 命题预测 题型聚焦:主要以单项选择题、完形填空题、句型转换题为主,偶尔在阅读理解的长难句解析中渗透考查; 趋势特点:结合语境化、生活化场景命题,强调语法知识的实际运用,减少纯语法记忆类考题; 核心导向:注重对“引导词+时态+语序”综合运用能力的考查,直接引语与间接引语常结合情境对话设置考题。 解题锦囊 锦囊1:判断引导词先看从句是否完整,完整用that/if/whether,不完整用特殊疑问词; 锦囊2:时态呼应先判断主句时态,再结合从句语境确定从句时态,客观真理除外; 锦囊3:语序必变陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语”,疑问句需调整主谓位置; 锦囊4:否定前移仅适用于think、believe、suppose等动词,从句否定转移到主句; 锦囊5:引语转换三步走,先定引导词,再调时态,最后改语序和状语。 考点一 宾语从句的引导词 引导词 适用情境 用法要点 例句 that 宾语从句意思完整、逻辑通顺,且句子结构完整,不缺少主语、宾语、状语等核心句子成分,仅起陈述事实的作用。 1. 无实际语义,仅起连接主句和从句的作用,在口语和非正式书面语中可省略;2. 引导多个并列宾语从句时,仅第一个that可省略,后续并列从句的that必须保留,避免句子歧义;3. 当that引导的从句作介词的宾语、位于宾语补足语之前,或主句谓语为take it for granted、make sure等固定搭配时,that不可省略;4. 主句谓语为think、believe、say、tell等常用动词时,that省略情况更普遍。 1. She said(that)she would come tomorrow and that she would bring a gift.(她说她明天会来,还说会带一份礼物。)(并列从句中第二个that不可省略)2. We are sure that he can finish the task on time.(我们确信他能按时完成任务。)(that位于宾语补足语sure之后,不可省略) if/whether 宾语从句语义不完整,需补充“是否”的含义才能表达完整意思,且句子结构完整,不缺少核心句子成分。 1. 多数情况下可互换,均表示“是否”,引导宾语从句时不可省略;2. 以下四种场景只能用whether,不可用if:① 直接与or not连用(可置于whether之后或从句末尾);② 作介词的宾语;③ 位于句首引导主语从句(虽非宾语从句,但中考常结合辨析考查);④ 后接不定式结构(whether to do);3. 口语中引导宾语从句表“是否”时,if使用频率更高,正式书面语中优先用whether。 1. I don’t know if/whether he will attend the meeting.(我不知道他是否会参加会议。)(可互换场景)2. He asked whether I liked reading or not./He asked whether or not I liked reading.(他问我是否喜欢阅读。)(与or not连用,只能用whether)3. It depends on whether we have enough time.(这取决于我们是否有足够的时间。)(作介词on的宾语,只能用whether)4. She hasn’t decided whether to go abroad.(她还没决定是否要出国。)(后接不定式,只能用whether) 特殊疑问词(what、who、whom、whose、which、when、where、why、how等,含how many/much、how long等短语) 宾语从句语义和结构均不完整,缺少主语、宾语、状语、定语等核心成分,需由特殊疑问词充当相应成分,补充完整句意和结构。 1. 引导词在宾语从句中充当明确句子成分,如what可作主语/宾语,when/where可作时间/地点状语,whose可作定语等;2. 引导词有具体语义,不可省略;3. 无论原句为特殊疑问句还是从句语境,宾语从句必须用陈述语序(连接词+主语+谓语),不可保留疑问语序;4. 若特殊疑问词在从句中作主语,从句本身即为陈述语序,无需调整主谓位置。 1. Do you know where he went yesterday?(你知道他昨天去了哪里吗?)(where在从句中作地点状语,从句用陈述语序)2. Can you tell me who broke the window?(你能告诉我谁打破了窗户吗?)(who在从句中作主语,从句为陈述语序,无需调整)3. She asked how much the book cost.(她问这本书多少钱。)(how much在从句中作宾语,从句用陈述语序) 【易混易错】 误区一:误认为所有表“是否”的从句都可换用if/whether。纠正:除了与or not连用、作介词宾语、后接不定式、位于句首这四种场景,还有当从句作discuss、decide等动词宾语时,也优先用whether;if还可引导条件状语从句,表“如果”,若在宾语从句中误用,会导致句意歧义,需结合语境区分。例如:I don’t know if he will come.(我不知道他是否会来。/我不知道如果他来的话……),此处用whether可避免歧义。 误区二:省略that的滥用。纠正:除了介词后、宾语补足语前、固定搭配中that不可省略,当主句谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时,that也不可省略。例如:We hope, as you know, that you will join us.(正如你所知,我们希望你能加入我们。);另外,当that引导的宾语从句较长时,为了句子结构清晰,that也建议保留。 误区三:特殊疑问词引导从句时仍用疑问语序。纠正:中考对此考点考查频率极高,核心易错点的是将“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”直接作为宾语从句,需牢记无论引导词是否为疑问词,宾语从句一律遵循“连接词+主语+谓语”的陈述语序。例如:错误表达:Do you know where did he go? 正确表达:Do you know where he went? 同时注意,若主句为过去时,从句需同步调整时态,语序调整不受时态影响。 1.(25-26九年级上·江苏常州·期中)—I wonder ________.        —He used to need more time. But this time it will take him less than twenty minutes. A.how long he has spent on the work B.how soon has he spent on the work C.how long he has begun the work D.how soon he will finish the work 2.(25-26九年级上·江苏淮安·期中)— Could you tell me ________? — It’s about how a group of superheroes try to save humans. A.when was the film Avengers Assemble 3 shown B.when the film Avengers Assemble 3 was shown C.what story does the film Avengers Assemble 3 tell us D.what story the film Avengers Assemble 3 tells us 3.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)—Could you tell me ________? —Go along the road. Take the fourth turning on the left. A.how could I get to the library B.which is the way to the library C.how long it takes to get to the library D.how many books I can borrow from the library 4.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)—Do you know ________?    —Sorry, I don’t know. A.how soon he will return from the UK B.how long he has fallen in love with her C.what he has devoted himself to improve his study D.how long has the ship been missing 5.(25-26九年级上·江苏南通·月考)—I want to learn more about the “Yang-Mills theory (杨-米尔斯理论)” developed by the great scientist Yang Chen-Ning. Could you tell me ________? —You can look it up in the science books in the library. A.how I can get the information B.what I can do for him C.where I could get the information D.who I can ask for help 考点二 宾语从句的时态 宾语从句的时态并非孤立存在,需与主句时态形成合理呼应,核心遵循“主从时态一致”的逻辑,具体分为三大原则,覆盖中考所有考查场景。 主现从任意原则 当主句谓语动词为一般现在时、一般将来时或现在完成时(即主句时态为现在范畴),宾语从句的时态不受主句约束,完全根据从句自身的时间状语、语境逻辑选择对应的时态,可灵活运用一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时等。 例句: ① He says he has finished his homework.(他说他已经做完作业了。)(主句一般现在时,从句现在完成时,强调动作已完成) ② She will tell us what she is doing now.(她会告诉我们她现在正在做什么。)(主句一般将来时,从句现在进行时,呼应时间状语now) ③ We have known that he will go abroad next month.(我们已经知道他下个月要出国。)(主句现在完成时,从句一般将来时,对应时间状语next month)。 2.主过从过去原则 当主句谓语动词为一般过去时(即主句时态为过去范畴),宾语从句需选用相应的过去时态,确保主从时态统一,具体对应关系及用法如下,需结合动作发生的时间先后、状态特征判断: ①主句一般过去时→从句一般过去时:适用于从句动作与主句动作同时发生,或从句动作发生在过去且无明确时间先后标识的场景。例句:He said he visited his grandparents last weekend.(他说他上周末去看望了祖父母。)(主句said为一般过去时,从句visited与主句动作同时对应过去时间); ②主句一般过去时→从句过去进行时:适用于主句动作发生时,从句动作正处于持续进行的状态,常搭配at that time、then等时间状语。例句:She told me she was watching TV at that time.(她告诉我她那时正在看电视。)(主句told发生时,从句动作“看电视”正在进行); ③主句一般过去时→从句过去完成时:适用于从句动作发生在主句动作之前,形成“过去的过去”的时间逻辑,常搭配before、by the end of last year等时间状语。例句:He said he had learned English for 5 years before he moved here.(他说他搬到这里之前已经学了5年英语。)(“学英语”发生在“搬到这里”之前,主句一般过去时,从句用过去完成时); ④主句一般过去时→从句过去将来时:适用于从句动作发生在主句动作之后,即主句表述过去的想法、计划时,从句动作尚未发生。例句:They told us they would hold a party the next day.(他们告诉我们他们第二天要举办一场派对。)(“举办派对”在“告诉我们”之后,主句一般过去时,从句用过去将来时)。 3.客观真理永现原则 当宾语从句表述客观真理、科学事实、永恒规律、名言警句或固定常识时,无论主句时态是现在时还是过去时,从句一律使用一般现在时,不受主过从过去原则的约束,这是中考时态考查的高频特殊场景。 例句 ① The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.(老师说地球绕着太阳转。)(“地球绕太阳转”为客观真理,从句用一般现在时,不受主句said一般过去时影响) ② He told me that light travels faster than sound.(他告诉我光比声音传播得快。)(科学事实,从句用一般现在时) ③ My grandma said practice makes perfect.(我奶奶说熟能生巧。)(名言警句,从句用一般现在时)。 【重点提示】 除三大核心原则外,中考还常考查时态呼应的特殊场景,需结合语境灵活判断,避免机械套用规则。 1.习惯性动作保留一般现在时 若宾语从句描述的是主语现阶段、长期不变的经常性、习惯性动作或固定生活作息,即使主句为一般过去时,从句也可保留一般现在时,突出动作的持续性和规律性。例句: He said he usually gets up at 6 o’clock and goes to bed at 10 o’clock.(他说他通常6点起床,10点睡觉。)(描述固定作息,从句用一般现在时,无需改为过去时) She told us she often reads books in the library on weekends.(她告诉我们她周末经常去图书馆看书。)(习惯性动作,从句用一般现在时)。 2.从句有明确将来时间状语 若主句为一般过去时,但宾语从句中有具体、明确的将来时间状语(且该时间状语在说话时仍未到来),从句可根据实际语境选用过去将来时或一般将来时,但中考中优先选用过去将来时,保证主从时态呼应。例句:H e said he will take the exam next month.(错误表达)→ He said he would take the exam next month.(正确表达,他说他下个月要参加考试。) 【易混易错】 误区一:主句为过去时,从句必用过去完成时。纠正:过去完成时仅适用于“从句动作发生在主句动作之前”的场景,需严格判断动作时间先后,不可盲目滥用。若主从动作同时发生,用一般过去时;动作正在进行用过去进行时;动作在主句之后用过去将来时。例如:错误表达:She said she had watched TV last night.(无先后关系,无需用过去完成时)→ 正确表达:She said she watched TV last night.(主从动作同时对应过去时间,用一般过去时)。 误区二:客观真理类从句随意改时态。纠正:只要从句表述的是永恒不变的真理、事实,无论主句时态如何,从句一律用一般现在时,即使主句为过去时,也不能改为过去时态。例如:错误表达:The scientist told us the earth went around the sun. → 正确表达:The scientist told us the earth goes around the sun.。 误区三:忽略“主现从任意”中从句时态的语境匹配。纠正:主句为现在范畴时态时,从句时态需结合自身时间状语和逻辑选择,不可随意搭配。例如:错误表达:He says he will finish his homework yesterday.(时态与时间状语矛盾)→ 正确表达:He says he finished his homework yesterday.(从句用一般过去时,呼应yesterday)。 1.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)—Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A.if the skirt looked nice on me B.what should I pay attention to C.that I should take some flowers D.whether I can order a taxi on the phone 2.(24-25九年级上·江苏镇江·期末)The manager asked the worker _________, but he didn’t get any replies. A.how long did he stay in the office B.how could he work out the problem C.why he was late again D.whether he can help repair the machine 3.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中)—I’m sorry, but what did he say just now? —He asked ________. A.who has been to the USA in your class B.when did China become a member of the WTO C.what was wrong with your computer D.that China had wonderfully held the Olympic Games 4.(25-26九年级上·江苏连云港·月考)—I beg your pardon, I didn’t catch you. —I just asked _____________. A.that you enjoyed your birthday party last night B.where do your classmates buy the birthday gifts C.if you invited your classmates to your birthday party D.whether you like the birthday gifts from your classmates 5.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)—Can you tell me if he ________ all the problems in 30 minutes? —I’m afraid he can’t. If he ________ another 5 minutes, I think he will. A.will solve; will give B.solves; is given C.will solve; is given D.solves; will give 考点三 宾语从句的语序与否定前移 一、宾语从句的语序(中考必考点) 语序正确是宾语从句得分的基础,中考对该考点的考查贯穿单选、句型转换等题型,核心要求是无论主句句式如何、引导词是否为疑问词,宾语从句一律使用陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”,坚决杜绝疑问语序(助动词/情态动词提前)。 1.核心规则拆解:陈述语序的本质是“主语在前,谓语在后”,需注意三点: ① 连接词(引导词)置于从句句首,后接完整的主谓结构; ② 若从句原句为一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,需将倒装的主谓结构调整为正常语序; ③ 从句谓语若含情态动词、助动词,需将其还原至主语之后,不可保留疑问句式的倒装形态。 2. 句式转换示例(覆盖中考高频场景) 原一般疑问句:Is he a student?(他是一名学生吗?)→ 宾语从句:She asked if he was a student.(她问他是否是一名学生。)(连接词if+主语he+谓语was,调整主谓倒装为陈述语序); 原特殊疑问句:What is he doing?(他在做什么?)→ 宾语从句:I don’t know what he is doing.(我不知道他在做什么。)(连接词what+主语he+谓语is doing,将is提前的疑问语序改为主谓正常语序); 原特殊疑问句:Where will she go?(她要去哪里?)→ 宾语从句:He asked where she would go.(他问她要去哪里。)(连接词where+主语she+谓语would go,将will提前的疑问语序调整为陈述语序,同时呼应主句过去时,将will改为would); 原选择疑问句:Does she like apples or bananas?(她喜欢苹果还是香蕉?)→ 宾语从句:I wonder whether she likes apples or bananas.(我想知道她喜欢苹果还是香蕉。)(连接词whether+主语she+谓语likes,保留选择范围,调整疑问语序为陈述语序)。 【易错提示】 1.当连接词(特殊疑问词)在宾语从句中充当主语时,从句本身即为“连接词(主语)+谓语+其他”的陈述语序,无需额外调整主谓位置,这是考生最易误改语序的场景。 例句: ① Do you know who broke the window?(你知道谁打破了窗户吗?)(who在从句中作主语,从句who broke the window为主谓结构,已是陈述语序,无需改为“who did break the window”) ② Can you tell me whose book this is?(你能告诉我这是谁的书吗?)(whose book在从句中作主语,从句whose book this is为陈述语序,不可改为“whose book is this”) ③ He asked which team won the game.(他问哪个队赢了比赛。)(which team在从句中作主语,从句为陈述语序,无需调整)。 2.若主句为过去时,需先调整从句时态,再确认语序,时态变化不影响语序规则。 错误示例:He asked where did she go.(语序错误,且时态未呼应)→ 正确示例:He asked where she went.(语序正确,时态呼应主句过去时)。 二、宾语从句的否定前移(中考高频难点) 否定前移是宾语从句的特殊语法现象,核心是“形式上否定主句,语义上否定从句”,中考常考查否定句改写、反意疑问句两大题型,需严格遵循适用条件,避免滥用。 1. 适用条件(三大条件需同时满足,缺一不可) 主句主语为第一人称(I/we):若主语为第二、三人称,即使谓语为think类动词,也不可否定前移。示例:She thinks he is not right.(正确表达,主语she为第三人称,无需前移否定); 主句谓语动词为表“认为、猜想、期望”的心理动词:常见动词有think(认为)、believe(相信)、suppose(猜想)、expect(期望)、guess(猜测)、imagine(想象)等,其他动词(如say、know、tell)不适用否定前移; 宾语从句为否定句:若从句为肯定句,无否定前移可言;若从句含否定意义的词(如never、hardly),也无需前移否定。示例:I think he has never been there.(无需前移,直接保留从句否定词never)。 2.核心规则与转换技巧 满足上述条件时,需将从句中的否定词not转移至主句谓语动词前,主句变为否定句,从句保持肯定形式,翻译时仍按“否定从句”的语义翻译,确保逻辑通顺。 例(对比错误与正确表达,强化记忆): 原句:I think he is not right.(错误表达,违反否定前移规则,中考常以此为错误选项)→ 正确句:I don’t think he is right.(我认为他不对。)(否定词not前移至主句think前,从句用肯定形式); 原句:We believe they won’t come.(错误表达,否定词位置错误)→ 正确句:We don’t believe they will come.(我们认为他们不会来。)(前移否定至believe前,从句will come保持肯定); I suppose she can’t finish the work on time.(错误表达)→ I don’t suppose she can finish the work on time.(我猜想她不能按时完成工作。); 特殊场景:当think类动词前有情态动词、助动词时,否定前移仍适用,否定词not置于情态动词/助动词之后。例: I can’t believe he is late.(我不敢相信他迟到了。) We won’t expect they will agree.(我们不指望他们会同意。)。 3.否定前移与反意疑问句 否定前移的句子变反意疑问句时,反意疑问句的主语、谓语需与宾语从句保持一致,且遵循“前否后肯”原则(因主句形式否定,语义否定从句);若主句为肯定句,反意疑问句则与主句保持一致。 例句: ① I don’t think he is right, is he?(我认为他不对,是吗?)(反意疑问句呼应从句he is right,主句否定,从句肯定,故反意疑问句用肯定is he) ② We don’t believe they will come, will they?(我们认为他们不会来,是吗?)(呼应从句they will come,用肯定will they) ③ I think he is right, isn’t he?(我认为他是对的,是吗?)(主句肯定,反意疑问句呼应主句I think,用isn’t he) ④ She thinks he is right, doesn’t she?(她认为他是对的,是吗?)(主语为第三人称,无否定前移,反意疑问句呼应主句she thinks,用doesn’t she)。 【易混易错】 ① 不可对非第一人称主语的句子进行否定前移; ② 否定前移仅适用于think类心理动词,其他动词不适用; ③ 反意疑问句的判断核心是“语义否定对象”,否定前移句的否定对象是从句,故呼应从句。 1.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)Some of my friends are interested in science, but none of them can tell ________. A.when UFOs appeared next time B.how elephants communicate C.where is this kind of plant found D.how they can call this kind of plane 2.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·月考)Mum asked Lucy ________. A.if could they walk along this way B.which gate they could go C.which was the way to that street D.why to have a rest 3.(25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考)If you find a purse on the playground, you should try to find out ________. A.whose is it B.whose is its owner C.who does it belong to D.whom it belongs to 4.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)—Why does the old lady over there look so worried? —Because she wonders ________. A.that her husband is terribly hurt B.what wrong is with her husband C.what has happened to her husband D.whether has her husband been hurt 5.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·期中)—Our teacher told us something about AI in class yesterday. —Really? I wonder ________. A.what can AI bring to humans B.that AI develops so quickly today C.how AI will develop in the future D.if AI is good for people or not 考点四 直接引语与简介引语 直接引语变间接引语,本质是将直接引用的他人话语(带引号、保留原句式)转化为宾语从句或不定式结构,融入主句语境中。核心需精准调整“引导词、时态、语序”三大核心要素,同时根据主句主语、语境场景对应调整人称、时间、地点、方向性状语,确保转换后语义不变、句式通顺,符合中考对该考点“三要素+状语调整”的综合考查要求。 一、不同句式的转换规则(中考核心) 直接引语的句式不同,间接引语的转换逻辑和结构也不同,需按陈述句、疑问句、祈使句分类掌握,覆盖中考所有考查场景。 (一)陈述句直接引语变间接引语 陈述句直接引语多为陈述事实、表达观点的句式,变间接引语时结构相对简单,核心是衔接引导词并调整时态和状语。 引导词:统一用that引导宾语从句,that仅起连接作用,无实际语义,在口语和非正式书面语中可省略;但当主句谓语为say、tell等动词,且从句较长或与主句之间有插入语时,that建议保留,避免句子歧义。 时态:严格遵循宾语从句时态呼应原则,即主句为现在范畴时态(一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时),从句时态不变;主句为过去范畴时态(一般过去时),从句需调整为相应过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时);若从句表述客观真理,时态始终用一般现在时。 人称、状语调整:人称需遵循“一随主、二随宾、三不变”原则(第一人称随主句主语,第二人称随主句宾语,第三人称不变);时间、地点状语需根据语境转换为间接表述,确保与主句时态呼应。 例拓: ① 主句为现在时:She says, “I finish my homework every day.”(她说:“我每天都完成作业。”)→ She says(that)she finishes her homework every day.(她说她每天都完成作业。)(时态不变,人称随主句主语调整); ② 主句为过去时:She said, “I will go to the park tomorrow.”(她说:“我明天要去公园。”)→ She said(that)she would go to the park the next day.(她说她第二天要去公园。)(主句过去时,从句will改为would;tomorrow改为the next day,人称随主句调整) ③ 客观真理类:He said, “The earth is round.”(他说:“地球是圆的。”)→ He said(that)the earth is round.(他说地球是圆的。)(从句为客观真理,时态不变)。 (二)一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语 一般疑问句直接引语表疑问语气,变间接引语时需重点调整引导词和语序,同时兼顾时态、人称和状语转换,是中考高频考法。 引导词:不能用that,需用if或whether引导宾语从句,二者多数情况下可互换,均表“是否”,且不可省略;若从句后接or not,或从句作介词宾语、后接不定式时,只能用whether,不能用if。 时态:遵循宾语从句时态呼应原则,与陈述句转换规则一致,主句为过去时,从句需调整为对应过去时态。 语序:这是核心易错点,需将原一般疑问句的倒装语序(助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语)调整为陈述语序(主语+助动词/情态动词+谓语),取消原句的疑问语气。 人称、状语调整:遵循“一随主、二随宾、三不变”原则,时间、地点状语转换规则同陈述句。 例: ① 基础转换:He asked, “Do you like English?”(他问:“你喜欢英语吗?”)→ He asked if/whether I liked English.(他问我是否喜欢英语。)(引导词用if/whether,语序调整为陈述语序,主句过去时,从句like改为liked,you改为I) ② 接or not场景:She asked, “Will you come to the party or not?”(她问:“你要不要来参加派对?”)→ She asked whether I would come to the party or not.(她问我要不要来参加派对。)(后接or not,只能用whether) ③ 介词后场景:He wondered, “Is she free tomorrow?”(他想知道:“她明天有空吗?”)→ He wondered about whether she would be free the next day.(他想知道她第二天是否有空。)(whether引导从句作介词about宾语)。 (三)特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语 特殊疑问句直接引语含明确疑问词(what、who、when等),变间接引语时引导词固定,重点突破语序调整,是中考难点题型。 引导词:直接沿用原特殊疑问句的疑问词(what、who、whose、when、where、how等),无需更换为if/whether,且引导词不可省略,同时需注意疑问词在从句中充当的句子成分(主语、宾语、状语等)。 时态:遵循宾语从句时态呼应原则,主句为过去时,从句需调整为对应过去时态;若从句为客观真理,时态不变。 语序:核心规则为“疑问词不变,语序变陈述”,即取消原特殊疑问句的倒装语序,将助动词/情态动词还原至主语之后,形成“疑问词+主语+谓语+其他”的陈述语序;若疑问词在从句中作主语,从句本身即为陈述语序,无需额外调整。 人称、状语调整:遵循“一随主、二随宾、三不变”原则,时间、地点、方向性状语按规则转换。 例: ① 疑问词作状语:She asked, “What did you do yesterday?”(她问:“你昨天做了什么?”)→ She asked what I had done the day before.(她问我前一天做了什么。)(引导词what,语序调整为陈述语序,主句过去时,从句did改为had done,yesterday改为the day before,you改为I) ② 疑问词作主语:He asked, “Who broke the window?”(他问:“谁打破了窗户?”)→ He asked who broke the window.(他问谁打破了窗户。)(who在从句中作主语,从句本身为陈述语序,无需调整,仅调整时态和人称) ③ 疑问词短语引导:They asked, “How long have you lived here?”(他们问:“你在这里住了多久了?”)→ They asked how long I had lived there.(他们问我在那里住了多久了。)(引导词短语how long,语序调整为陈述语序,have lived改为had lived,here改为there)。 (四)祈使句直接引语变间接引语 祈使句直接引语表请求、命令、劝告等语气,变间接引语时不转化为宾语从句,而是转化为“动词+宾语+不定式”结构,需重点掌握动词选择和否定形式。 引导词与结构:不用that引导,需根据祈使句的语气和语义,将其转化为“动词+sb.+to do sth.”的不定式结构,其中sb.为祈使句的对象(原句的第二人称,需按“二随宾”原则调整人称)。 动词选择:需匹配祈使句的语气强度:① 表请求、叮嘱,用ask(请求)、tell(叮嘱);② 表命令、要求,用order(命令)、command(指令)、require(要求);③ 表建议、劝告,用advise(建议)、suggest(提议),其中suggest后需接“sb.+should do sth.”(should可省略)。 否定形式:否定祈使句(原句含don’t)变间接引语时,需在不定式前加not,形成“动词+sb.+not to do sth.”结构,不可直接在动词前加否定词。 时态与状语:主句谓语动词用相应时态(一般现在时、一般过去时),从句始终用不定式结构,无需调整时态;地点、方向性状语按规则转换,时间状语根据语境适配主句时态。 例: ① 肯定请求:The teacher said to us, “Be quiet.”(老师对我们说:“安静点。”)→ The teacher told us to be quiet.(老师让我们安静点。)(用tell表叮嘱,转化为to do结构) ② 否定命令:He said to her, “Don’t open the door.”(他对她说:“别开门。”)→ He ordered her not to open the door.(他命令她不要开门。)(用order表命令,否定式加not to) ③ 建议类祈使句:She said to me, “Read more books.”(她对我说:“多读书。”)→ She advised me to read more books.(她建议我多读书。)/ She suggested that I should read more books.(她建议我多读书。)(advise后接to do,suggest后接宾语从句)。 二、时间、地点、人称及方向性状语转换(中考必记) 状语转换是直接引语变间接引语的易错点,需结合主句时态和语境精准转换,确保语义连贯,以下为中考高频转换内容,需熟练记忆。 直接引语 间接引语 说明 直接引语 间接引语 说明 now then 表“现在”→“那时”,适配主句过去时 I/we he/she/they 一随主,随主句主语人称变化 today that day 表“今天”→“那天”,对应过去的时间 you me/him/her/them 二随宾,随主句宾语人称变化 yesterday the day before 表“昨天”→“前一天”,避免时间歧义 here there 表“这里”→“那里”,适配说话地点转换 tomorrow the next day/the following day 表“明天”→“第二天”,对应过去的将来 come go 方向性动词,从说话人视角调整为听话人视角 this morning/afternoon that morning/afternoon 指示代词this→that,适配过去时间 bring take 方向性动词,“带来”→“带去”,调整方向 last week/month/year the week/month/year before 表“上周/月/年”→“前一周/月/年” these days those days 指示代词these→those,对应过去的时间段 next week/month/year the next week/month/year 表“下周/月/年”→“第二周/月/年” ago before “……以前”,ago搭配过去时,before可搭配完成时 特别提醒:若直接引语表述的是当前仍适用的时间、地点(如固定事件、永恒地点),或主句为现在时,状语可无需转换。例如:She says, “I will come here tomorrow.”(她说:“我明天会来这里。”)→ She says she will come here tomorrow.(主句为现在时,状语不变)。 1.How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence? A.Tom said: “ If you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” B.Tom said “if you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home”. C.Tom said: if you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home. D.Tom said, “ If you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” 2.— Could you tell me ______? — Yes. It’s next to the supermarket. A.where the post office is B.where was the post office C.where is the post office D.where the post office was 3.I ______ that he’s a hardworking teacher. A.never doubt B.always doubt C.seldom ask D.often wonder 4.——Could you tell me ? ——Glad to help. A.if I have been to the Great Wall B.where did he study C.how I can get to the post office D.what’s your name 5.He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He ________ very naughty. A.said his mother that the boy was B.said to his mother that the boy is C.told his mother that the boy was D.spoke to his mother that the boy was 一、单项选择 1.—Sara, do you know ________ the Science Festival? —Sure! Next Friday. A.when did we hold B.when we held C.when will we hold D.when we will hold 2.—What did your sister say in her letter? —She told me that she ________ for London the next week. A.will leave B.has left C.would leave D.leaves 3.—Do you know ________ in China? —On November 26, 2025. A.when was Zootopia 2 shown B.when will Zootopia 2 be shown C.when Zootopia 2 was shown D.when Zootopia 2 will be shown 4.—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —In five minutes. A.how soon will the film begin B.how long the film has been on C.how soon the film will begin D.how long has the film been on 5.I don’t know if Eric ________ this Sunday. If he ________ here, I’ll call you at once. A.will come; will come B.come; comes C.comes; will come D.will come; comes 6.—Could you please tell me ________? —Sure, just go along Main Street. It’s beside the bank. A.when the post office opens today B.where is the post office C.when does the post office open today D.where the post office is 7.We wanted to know ________. A.when will the exam begin B.when the exam will begin C.when would the exam begin D.when the exam would begin 8.—Miss Li told us yesterday that the earth ________ around the sun. —Wait, I also want to know when she ________ us the next geography lesson. A.goes; will give B.went; gives C.goes; gave D.went; will give 9.—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? —Sure. Go straight for two blocks and turn right. A.where is the library B.how can I find the library C.where the library is D.what books are in the library 10.My friend asked me ________ Huawei’s latest 5G mobile phone. A.where he could buy B.where could he buy C.where he could to buy D.where can he buy 11.—I haven’t met Tom for a long time. Could you tell me ________? —Of course. He ________ to the USA. A.where is he; has been B.where he is; has gone C.where was he; has been D.where he was; has gone 12.—The man looks weak these days. —Yes. We are sure ________ something is wrong with him and we doubt ________ the disease can be cured. A.if; whether B.that; whether C.whether; if D.that; that 13.—Amy, please tell me ________ to Shanghai. I can pick you up at the airport. —Thank you. The flight arrives at 7:30 p.m. A.when you will get B.when will you get C.when did you get D.when you got 14.—Susan, could you tell me ________ with your family during the winter holiday this year? —Sure. We will visit Shanghai. A.where did you travel B.where you will travel C.where you travelled D.where will you travel 15.—Could you please tell me ______? —Sure. Go along this street and turn left at the first crossing. A.how can I get to the library B.how I can get to the library C.where is the library D.where the library is 16.—Linda, do you know ________? —At 9:00. There are still thirty minutes left. A.when the meeting started B.when did the meeting start C.when the meeting will start D.when will the meeting start 17.—Do you know when Jay ________ here tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know. But if he ________ here tomorrow, I’ll tell you at once. A.comes; comes B.comes; will come C.will come; will come D.will come; comes 18.She asked me ________ I had watched Zootopia 2 or not and showed me the ticket ________ was on the desk. A.if; that B.why; which C.if; which D.whether; which 19.—I think it’s difficult to write the film review in such a short time. I really don’t know ________. —Plan your time properly, and you can make it! A.why I have to do it B.when I will finish it C.how I can do it D.if I can finish it 20.—Could you please tell me ________ the nearest bank is? —Sure, it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall. A.what B.how C.where D.when 21.—Could you please tell me ________ we will have a picnic this weekend? —I’m not sure. It depends on the weather. If it ________ rain, we will go. A.if; won’t B.if; doesn’t C.whether; won’t D.that; doesn’t 22.I wonder if he ______ to the party next Saturday. If he ______, I’ll be very happy. A.comes; comes B.will come; comes C.comes; will come D.will come; will come 23.The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said. A.that B.what C.when D.where 24.—The Jiangsu Football City League was such a great success. — Sure, it shows ________ sports can bring people together, improve city image and even help the local economy. A.when B.where C.if D.how 25.Mike doesn’t care about ________ he can make much money. He just works for fun. A.which B.whether C.what D.how much 二、单词拼写 26.She promised she (return) the book to me the next day, but she didn’t. 27.Uncle Wang always promised that he (attend) my birthday party. 28.—Dad promised that he (take) us to watch Wandering Earth Ⅱ this evening. But where’s he? —Maybe he has forgotten about it. Let’s ask him. 29.He told us that the sunlight (break) into different colours through a prism (棱镜). 30.When I was young, my parents told me that twelve months (make) one year. 31.I think mooncakes (be) delicious. 32.He asked me if I (finish) my homework. 33.Our teacher hopes the safety tips which he suggests (protect) us against danger. 34.She said she (put) on a new coat the next day. 35.Do you know how to wash your hands (correct)? 36.—I wonder (who) you were talking with over there. —My good friend, Jack. 37.The physics teacher told us that water (freeze) below 0℃. 38.The company expected that ChatGPT (change) the way people work and live. 39.—Pardon? What did you say just now? —Oh, I said that we (have) a picnic next Sunday. 40.She said that she (go) to the park the next day. 41.Andy said he (give) me two days off if I could complete this project successfully. 42.Please make sure the computer (connect) to the keyboard properly. 43.Both of the two books are useful. I don’t know which one (own). 44.You’re going to take part in the basketball match. I hope you (win) the match. 45.AI has made a difference to our life. Many people are worried they (lose) their jobs in the future. 三、完成句子 46.在寻求帮助前,你最好问问他们什么时候会有空。 Before getting help, you’d better check . 47.比尔想知道明年他们是否会再吃到粽子。 Bill they’ll have zongzi again next year. 48.我正在考虑他今天缺席会议的原因。 I was considering today’s meeting. 49.她不知道自己可以怎样解决这个问题。 She had no idea the problem. 50.他们担心自己能否学会这些技能。 They worried these skills. 51.他们不知道自己是否能成功,但都尽了最大的努力。 They didn’t know       or not, but they all tried their best. 52.我的朋友汤姆和我一直在讨论我们在长城上所看到的东西。 My friend Tom and I keep talking about on the Great Wall. 53.他们绞尽脑汁,但仍然不知道答案是什么。 They thought really hard but didn’t know . 54.你知道这是谁的错误吗? Do you know ? 55.我的朋友们也想知道我们为什么对科技节感兴趣。 My friends also wondered in the science festival. 56.例如,老师提到西班牙的传统服饰和法国的不一样。 For example, the teacher mentioned that traditional Spanish clothes French clothes. 57.老师告诉我们,我们可以在活动中做什么。 The teacher told us at the event. 58.你能告诉我最近的停车场在哪里吗? Could you tell me . 59.你能告诉我怎样才能到达历史博物馆吗? Could you tell me get to the history museum? 60.我不知道怎样才能提高我的英语水平。 I don't know my English. 61.对于我们是否应该给机器人更多的工作岗位,人们持不同意见。 People have different opinions on robots more jobs. 62.后来,他的同学教他如何能高效地记忆诗歌。 Later, his classmate taught him memorize poems efficiently. 63.老师说这个挑战是关于友善的力量,并会展示出它如何能对一个人的生活产生影响。 The teacher said that the challenge was about the power of kindness and would show a difference to someone’s life. 64.大卫对太空很着迷。他总是想知道宇航员是如何在太空生活的。 David is crazy about space. He always wonders astronauts space. 65.我们很想知道为什么它能吸引如此多的关注。 We are eager to know so much attention. 21 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题07 宾语从句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 2 ★ 考点一 宾语从句的引导词 3 ★ 考点二 宾语从句的时态 7 考点三 宾语从句的语序与否定前移 12 ★ 考点四 直接引语与间接引语 16 04 优题精选·练能提分 22 考点 课标要求 复习目标 宾语从句的引导词  掌握that、if/whether、特殊疑问词(what、who、when等)引导宾语从句的用法及区别;能根据语境选择合适的引导词。 1. 能准确区分不同引导词的适用场景;2. 熟练判断引导词在从句中是否充当句子成分;3. 避免if与whether的误用。 宾语从句的时态  掌握宾语从句时态与主句时态的呼应规则;能根据主句时态和语境确定从句时态。 1. 牢记“主现从任意、主过从过去、客观真理用一般现在时”原则;2. 准确处理时态呼应中的特殊情况。 宾语从句的语序与否定前移  掌握宾语从句的陈述语序要求;理解并运用宾语从句的否定前移规则。 1. 能将疑问句语序转化为从句的陈述语序;2. 熟记否定前移的适用动词及句式结构;3. 避免语序和否定前移的常见错误。 直接引语与间接引语  掌握直接引语变间接引语的“三要素”(引导词、时态、语序)转换规则;能准确完成两种句式的改写。 1. 熟练处理不同句式(陈述句、疑问句、祈使句)的引语转换;2. 准确调整人称、时间、地点状语;3. 能应对复杂语境下的引语转换题型。 命题预测 题型聚焦:主要以单项选择题、完形填空题、句型转换题为主,偶尔在阅读理解的长难句解析中渗透考查; 趋势特点:结合语境化、生活化场景命题,强调语法知识的实际运用,减少纯语法记忆类考题; 核心导向:注重对“引导词+时态+语序”综合运用能力的考查,直接引语与间接引语常结合情境对话设置考题。 解题锦囊 锦囊1:判断引导词先看从句是否完整,完整用that/if/whether,不完整用特殊疑问词; 锦囊2:时态呼应先判断主句时态,再结合从句语境确定从句时态,客观真理除外; 锦囊3:语序必变陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语”,疑问句需调整主谓位置; 锦囊4:否定前移仅适用于think、believe、suppose等动词,从句否定转移到主句; 锦囊5:引语转换三步走,先定引导词,再调时态,最后改语序和状语。 考点一 宾语从句的引导词 引导词 适用情境 用法要点 例句 that 宾语从句意思完整、逻辑通顺,且句子结构完整,不缺少主语、宾语、状语等核心句子成分,仅起陈述事实的作用。 1. 无实际语义,仅起连接主句和从句的作用,在口语和非正式书面语中可省略;2. 引导多个并列宾语从句时,仅第一个that可省略,后续并列从句的that必须保留,避免句子歧义;3. 当that引导的从句作介词的宾语、位于宾语补足语之前,或主句谓语为take it for granted、make sure等固定搭配时,that不可省略;4. 主句谓语为think、believe、say、tell等常用动词时,that省略情况更普遍。 1. She said(that)she would come tomorrow and that she would bring a gift.(她说她明天会来,还说会带一份礼物。)(并列从句中第二个that不可省略)2. We are sure that he can finish the task on time.(我们确信他能按时完成任务。)(that位于宾语补足语sure之后,不可省略) if/whether 宾语从句语义不完整,需补充“是否”的含义才能表达完整意思,且句子结构完整,不缺少核心句子成分。 1. 多数情况下可互换,均表示“是否”,引导宾语从句时不可省略;2. 以下四种场景只能用whether,不可用if:① 直接与or not连用(可置于whether之后或从句末尾);② 作介词的宾语;③ 位于句首引导主语从句(虽非宾语从句,但中考常结合辨析考查);④ 后接不定式结构(whether to do);3. 口语中引导宾语从句表“是否”时,if使用频率更高,正式书面语中优先用whether。 1. I don’t know if/whether he will attend the meeting.(我不知道他是否会参加会议。)(可互换场景)2. He asked whether I liked reading or not./He asked whether or not I liked reading.(他问我是否喜欢阅读。)(与or not连用,只能用whether)3. It depends on whether we have enough time.(这取决于我们是否有足够的时间。)(作介词on的宾语,只能用whether)4. She hasn’t decided whether to go abroad.(她还没决定是否要出国。)(后接不定式,只能用whether) 特殊疑问词(what、who、whom、whose、which、when、where、why、how等,含how many/much、how long等短语) 宾语从句语义和结构均不完整,缺少主语、宾语、状语、定语等核心成分,需由特殊疑问词充当相应成分,补充完整句意和结构。 1. 引导词在宾语从句中充当明确句子成分,如what可作主语/宾语,when/where可作时间/地点状语,whose可作定语等;2. 引导词有具体语义,不可省略;3. 无论原句为特殊疑问句还是从句语境,宾语从句必须用陈述语序(连接词+主语+谓语),不可保留疑问语序;4. 若特殊疑问词在从句中作主语,从句本身即为陈述语序,无需调整主谓位置。 1. Do you know where he went yesterday?(你知道他昨天去了哪里吗?)(where在从句中作地点状语,从句用陈述语序)2. Can you tell me who broke the window?(你能告诉我谁打破了窗户吗?)(who在从句中作主语,从句为陈述语序,无需调整)3. She asked how much the book cost.(她问这本书多少钱。)(how much在从句中作宾语,从句用陈述语序) 【易混易错】 误区一:误认为所有表“是否”的从句都可换用if/whether。纠正:除了与or not连用、作介词宾语、后接不定式、位于句首这四种场景,还有当从句作discuss、decide等动词宾语时,也优先用whether;if还可引导条件状语从句,表“如果”,若在宾语从句中误用,会导致句意歧义,需结合语境区分。例如:I don’t know if he will come.(我不知道他是否会来。/我不知道如果他来的话……),此处用whether可避免歧义。 误区二:省略that的滥用。纠正:除了介词后、宾语补足语前、固定搭配中that不可省略,当主句谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时,that也不可省略。例如:We hope, as you know, that you will join us.(正如你所知,我们希望你能加入我们。);另外,当that引导的宾语从句较长时,为了句子结构清晰,that也建议保留。 误区三:特殊疑问词引导从句时仍用疑问语序。纠正:中考对此考点考查频率极高,核心易错点的是将“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”直接作为宾语从句,需牢记无论引导词是否为疑问词,宾语从句一律遵循“连接词+主语+谓语”的陈述语序。例如:错误表达:Do you know where did he go? 正确表达:Do you know where he went? 同时注意,若主句为过去时,从句需同步调整时态,语序调整不受时态影响。 1.(25-26九年级上·江苏常州·期中)—I wonder ________.        —He used to need more time. But this time it will take him less than twenty minutes. A.how long he has spent on the work B.how soon has he spent on the work C.how long he has begun the work D.how soon he will finish the work 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——我想知道他多快会完成工作。——他过去需要更多时间。但这次将花费他不到二十分钟。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除B;根据答句“this time it will take him less than twenty minutes”可知,回答的是将来完成工作的时间,因此问句询问“多快会完成”,应用how soon引导。how long询问时间段,与答句不符。故选D。 2.(25-26九年级上·江苏淮安·期中)— Could you tell me ________? — It’s about how a group of superheroes try to save humans. A.when was the film Avengers Assemble 3 shown B.when the film Avengers Assemble 3 was shown C.what story does the film Avengers Assemble 3 tell us D.what story the film Avengers Assemble 3 tells us 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我这部电影《复仇者联盟3》讲了什么故事吗?——是关于一群超级英雄努力拯救人类的故事。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需使用陈述句语序,排除语序为疑问句的A和C选项;根据“It’s about how a group of super-heroes try to save humans.”可知,问句是询问电影讲述的故事内容,而非上映时间,应用what引导的宾语从句,故选D。 3.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)—Could you tell me ________? —Go along the road. Take the fourth turning on the left. A.how could I get to the library B.which is the way to the library C.how long it takes to get to the library D.how many books I can borrow from the library 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我去图书馆的路是哪一条吗?——沿着这条路走。在第四个转弯处向左拐。 考查宾语从句和情景交际。how could I get to the library我如何到达图书馆,疑问语序;which is the way to the library去图书馆的路是哪一条,陈述语序;how long it takes to get to the library到图书馆需要多长时间,陈述语序;how many books I can borrow from the library我能从图书馆借几本书,陈述语序。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除A;根据“Go along the road. Take the fourth turning on the left.”可知此处是在问路,选项B符合语境。故选B。 4.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)—Do you know ________?    —Sorry, I don’t know. A.how soon he will return from the UK B.how long he has fallen in love with her C.what he has devoted himself to improve his study D.how long has the ship been missing 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你知道他多久会从英国回来吗?——抱歉,我不知道。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除选项D;B项“fall in love”是短暂性动词,不能与how long连用;C项“devote oneself to”中的to是介词,后应接动名词,improve形式错误。A项“他多久会从英国回来”,语法正确且符合逻辑。故选A。 5.(25-26九年级上·江苏南通·月考)—I want to learn more about the “Yang-Mills theory (杨-米尔斯理论)” developed by the great scientist Yang Chen-Ning. Could you tell me ________? —You can look it up in the science books in the library. A.how I can get the information B.what I can do for him C.where I could get the information D.who I can ask for help 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我想更多地了解由伟大科学家杨振宁提出的 “杨-米尔斯理论”。你能告诉我该如何获取相关资料吗?——你可以在图书馆的科学类书籍中查阅。 考查宾语从句。how I can get the information我该如何获取这些信息;what I can do for him我能为他做些什么;where I could get the information我在哪里可以获取这些信息;who I can ask for help我可以向谁求助。根据答语“You can look it up in the science books in the library.”可知,答语时态是一般现在时,宾语从句中也应保持时态一致,用can,选项C用了could,时态呼应不当,所以排除;答语明确给出了获取信息的具体方法,因此问句需要询问“如何获取信息”,应用how引导此宾语从句。故选A。 考点二 宾语从句的时态 宾语从句的时态并非孤立存在,需与主句时态形成合理呼应,核心遵循“主从时态一致”的逻辑,具体分为三大原则,覆盖中考所有考查场景。 主现从任意原则 当主句谓语动词为一般现在时、一般将来时或现在完成时(即主句时态为现在范畴),宾语从句的时态不受主句约束,完全根据从句自身的时间状语、语境逻辑选择对应的时态,可灵活运用一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时等。 例句: ① He says he has finished his homework.(他说他已经做完作业了。)(主句一般现在时,从句现在完成时,强调动作已完成) ② She will tell us what she is doing now.(她会告诉我们她现在正在做什么。)(主句一般将来时,从句现在进行时,呼应时间状语now) ③ We have known that he will go abroad next month.(我们已经知道他下个月要出国。)(主句现在完成时,从句一般将来时,对应时间状语next month)。 2.主过从过去原则 当主句谓语动词为一般过去时(即主句时态为过去范畴),宾语从句需选用相应的过去时态,确保主从时态统一,具体对应关系及用法如下,需结合动作发生的时间先后、状态特征判断: ①主句一般过去时→从句一般过去时:适用于从句动作与主句动作同时发生,或从句动作发生在过去且无明确时间先后标识的场景。例句:He said he visited his grandparents last weekend.(他说他上周末去看望了祖父母。)(主句said为一般过去时,从句visited与主句动作同时对应过去时间); ②主句一般过去时→从句过去进行时:适用于主句动作发生时,从句动作正处于持续进行的状态,常搭配at that time、then等时间状语。例句:She told me she was watching TV at that time.(她告诉我她那时正在看电视。)(主句told发生时,从句动作“看电视”正在进行); ③主句一般过去时→从句过去完成时:适用于从句动作发生在主句动作之前,形成“过去的过去”的时间逻辑,常搭配before、by the end of last year等时间状语。例句:He said he had learned English for 5 years before he moved here.(他说他搬到这里之前已经学了5年英语。)(“学英语”发生在“搬到这里”之前,主句一般过去时,从句用过去完成时); ④主句一般过去时→从句过去将来时:适用于从句动作发生在主句动作之后,即主句表述过去的想法、计划时,从句动作尚未发生。例句:They told us they would hold a party the next day.(他们告诉我们他们第二天要举办一场派对。)(“举办派对”在“告诉我们”之后,主句一般过去时,从句用过去将来时)。 3.客观真理永现原则 当宾语从句表述客观真理、科学事实、永恒规律、名言警句或固定常识时,无论主句时态是现在时还是过去时,从句一律使用一般现在时,不受主过从过去原则的约束,这是中考时态考查的高频特殊场景。 例句 ① The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.(老师说地球绕着太阳转。)(“地球绕太阳转”为客观真理,从句用一般现在时,不受主句said一般过去时影响) ② He told me that light travels faster than sound.(他告诉我光比声音传播得快。)(科学事实,从句用一般现在时) ③ My grandma said practice makes perfect.(我奶奶说熟能生巧。)(名言警句,从句用一般现在时)。 【重点提示】 除三大核心原则外,中考还常考查时态呼应的特殊场景,需结合语境灵活判断,避免机械套用规则。 1.习惯性动作保留一般现在时 若宾语从句描述的是主语现阶段、长期不变的经常性、习惯性动作或固定生活作息,即使主句为一般过去时,从句也可保留一般现在时,突出动作的持续性和规律性。例句: He said he usually gets up at 6 o’clock and goes to bed at 10 o’clock.(他说他通常6点起床,10点睡觉。)(描述固定作息,从句用一般现在时,无需改为过去时) She told us she often reads books in the library on weekends.(她告诉我们她周末经常去图书馆看书。)(习惯性动作,从句用一般现在时)。 2.从句有明确将来时间状语 若主句为一般过去时,但宾语从句中有具体、明确的将来时间状语(且该时间状语在说话时仍未到来),从句可根据实际语境选用过去将来时或一般将来时,但中考中优先选用过去将来时,保证主从时态呼应。例句:H e said he will take the exam next month.(错误表达)→ He said he would take the exam next month.(正确表达,他说他下个月要参加考试。) 【易混易错】 误区一:主句为过去时,从句必用过去完成时。纠正:过去完成时仅适用于“从句动作发生在主句动作之前”的场景,需严格判断动作时间先后,不可盲目滥用。若主从动作同时发生,用一般过去时;动作正在进行用过去进行时;动作在主句之后用过去将来时。例如:错误表达:She said she had watched TV last night.(无先后关系,无需用过去完成时)→ 正确表达:She said she watched TV last night.(主从动作同时对应过去时间,用一般过去时)。 误区二:客观真理类从句随意改时态。纠正:只要从句表述的是永恒不变的真理、事实,无论主句时态如何,从句一律用一般现在时,即使主句为过去时,也不能改为过去时态。例如:错误表达:The scientist told us the earth went around the sun. → 正确表达:The scientist told us the earth goes around the sun.。 误区三:忽略“主现从任意”中从句时态的语境匹配。纠正:主句为现在范畴时态时,从句时态需结合自身时间状语和逻辑选择,不可随意搭配。例如:错误表达:He says he will finish his homework yesterday.(时态与时间状语矛盾)→ 正确表达:He says he finished his homework yesterday.(从句用一般过去时,呼应yesterday)。 1.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)—Kate, I’m going to a party tonight. Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please. A.if the skirt looked nice on me B.what should I pay attention to C.that I should take some flowers D.whether I can order a taxi on the phone 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——凯特,我今晚要去参加一个派对。你能告诉我是否可以通过电话叫出租车吗?——乐意效劳,请稍等。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you please tell me ...?”可知,此处为宾语从句,应用陈述语序,排除B项;主句“Could you please tell me”表示委婉语气,且结合“I’m going to a party tonight.”可知,从句表示的时态应为现在或将来的时态,A项中“if”引导的宾语从句应用一般现在时,而不是一般过去时,故排除;C项语义不合——说话人并非要求对方“告诉我我应该带花”,故排除;D项为陈述语序,且时态为一般现在时,内容合理 (去派对可能需要叫出租车,符合稍等的情境)。故选D。 2.(24-25九年级上·江苏镇江·期末)The manager asked the worker _________, but he didn’t get any replies. A.how long did he stay in the office B.how could he work out the problem C.why he was late again D.whether he can help repair the machine 【答案】C 【解析】句意:经理问那个工人为什么又迟到了,但他没有得到任何答复。 考查宾语从句。how long did he stay in the office他在办公室待了多久,疑问语序;how could he work out the problem他怎么能解决这个问题,疑问语序;why he was late again他为什么又迟到了,陈述语序;whether he can help repair the machine他是否能帮忙修理这台机器,陈述语序。根据“The manager asked the worker…”可知,此处是宾语从句,应该用陈述语序,排除A、B选项;主句时态是一般过去时,从句时态遵循“主过从必过”原则,D选项为一般现在时,不符合语境。故选C。 3.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中)—I’m sorry, but what did he say just now? —He asked ________. A.who has been to the USA in your class B.when did China become a member of the WTO C.what was wrong with your computer D.that China had wonderfully held the Olympic Games 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——对不起,他刚才说了什么?——他问你电脑出了什么问题。 考查宾语从句。根据“He asked…”可知,此处是宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除B选项;主句是过去时,从句也要用过去相应的时态,排除A选项;再根据“what did he say just now?”可知,此处是问刚才说了什么,所以C选项“他问你电脑出了什么问题”符合语境,而D选项“中国出色地举办了奥运会”与语境不符。故选C。 4.(25-26九年级上·江苏连云港·月考)—I beg your pardon, I didn’t catch you. —I just asked _____________. A.that you enjoyed your birthday party last night B.where do your classmates buy the birthday gifts C.if you invited your classmates to your birthday party D.whether you like the birthday gifts from your classmates 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——请再说一遍,我没听清你的话。——我刚刚问你是否邀请了你的同学参加你的生日派对。 考查宾语从句的时态和语序。主句“I just asked”为一般过去时,宾语从句需用相应的过去时态,且语序应为陈述语序;选项B语序错误,排除;选项D时态错误,排除;选项A中“ask”后接“that”从句通常表示请求,不符合询问语境,排除;选项C时态正确,语序正确,且符合语境。故选C。 5.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)—Can you tell me if he ________ all the problems in 30 minutes? —I’m afraid he can’t. If he ________ another 5 minutes, I think he will. A.will solve; will give B.solves; is given C.will solve; is given D.solves; will give 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我他是否能在30分钟内解决所有的问题吗?——恐怕不能。如果再给他5分钟,我认为他能。 考查if引导的从句。第一空if引导的是宾语从句,根据时间状语“in 30 minutes”可知,句子时态是一般将来时,其结构为“will+动词原形”,所以第一空应填will solve;第二空if引导的是条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,且从句主语he和动词give之间是被动关系,表示“被给”,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为“am/is/are+动词过去分词”,主语he是第三人称单数,所以be动词用is,give的过去分词是given,因此第二空应填is given。故选C。 考点三 宾语从句的语序与否定前移 一、宾语从句的语序(中考必考点) 语序正确是宾语从句得分的基础,中考对该考点的考查贯穿单选、句型转换等题型,核心要求是无论主句句式如何、引导词是否为疑问词,宾语从句一律使用陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”,坚决杜绝疑问语序(助动词/情态动词提前)。 1.核心规则拆解:陈述语序的本质是“主语在前,谓语在后”,需注意三点: ① 连接词(引导词)置于从句句首,后接完整的主谓结构; ② 若从句原句为一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,需将倒装的主谓结构调整为正常语序; ③ 从句谓语若含情态动词、助动词,需将其还原至主语之后,不可保留疑问句式的倒装形态。 2. 句式转换示例(覆盖中考高频场景) 原一般疑问句:Is he a student?(他是一名学生吗?)→ 宾语从句:She asked if he was a student.(她问他是否是一名学生。)(连接词if+主语he+谓语was,调整主谓倒装为陈述语序); 原特殊疑问句:What is he doing?(他在做什么?)→ 宾语从句:I don’t know what he is doing.(我不知道他在做什么。)(连接词what+主语he+谓语is doing,将is提前的疑问语序改为主谓正常语序); 原特殊疑问句:Where will she go?(她要去哪里?)→ 宾语从句:He asked where she would go.(他问她要去哪里。)(连接词where+主语she+谓语would go,将will提前的疑问语序调整为陈述语序,同时呼应主句过去时,将will改为would); 原选择疑问句:Does she like apples or bananas?(她喜欢苹果还是香蕉?)→ 宾语从句:I wonder whether she likes apples or bananas.(我想知道她喜欢苹果还是香蕉。)(连接词whether+主语she+谓语likes,保留选择范围,调整疑问语序为陈述语序)。 【易错提示】 1.当连接词(特殊疑问词)在宾语从句中充当主语时,从句本身即为“连接词(主语)+谓语+其他”的陈述语序,无需额外调整主谓位置,这是考生最易误改语序的场景。 例句: ① Do you know who broke the window?(你知道谁打破了窗户吗?)(who在从句中作主语,从句who broke the window为主谓结构,已是陈述语序,无需改为“who did break the window”) ② Can you tell me whose book this is?(你能告诉我这是谁的书吗?)(whose book在从句中作主语,从句whose book this is为陈述语序,不可改为“whose book is this”) ③ He asked which team won the game.(他问哪个队赢了比赛。)(which team在从句中作主语,从句为陈述语序,无需调整)。 2.若主句为过去时,需先调整从句时态,再确认语序,时态变化不影响语序规则。 错误示例:He asked where did she go.(语序错误,且时态未呼应)→ 正确示例:He asked where she went.(语序正确,时态呼应主句过去时)。 二、宾语从句的否定前移(中考高频难点) 否定前移是宾语从句的特殊语法现象,核心是“形式上否定主句,语义上否定从句”,中考常考查否定句改写、反意疑问句两大题型,需严格遵循适用条件,避免滥用。 1. 适用条件(三大条件需同时满足,缺一不可) 主句主语为第一人称(I/we):若主语为第二、三人称,即使谓语为think类动词,也不可否定前移。示例:She thinks he is not right.(正确表达,主语she为第三人称,无需前移否定); 主句谓语动词为表“认为、猜想、期望”的心理动词:常见动词有think(认为)、believe(相信)、suppose(猜想)、expect(期望)、guess(猜测)、imagine(想象)等,其他动词(如say、know、tell)不适用否定前移; 宾语从句为否定句:若从句为肯定句,无否定前移可言;若从句含否定意义的词(如never、hardly),也无需前移否定。示例:I think he has never been there.(无需前移,直接保留从句否定词never)。 2.核心规则与转换技巧 满足上述条件时,需将从句中的否定词not转移至主句谓语动词前,主句变为否定句,从句保持肯定形式,翻译时仍按“否定从句”的语义翻译,确保逻辑通顺。 例(对比错误与正确表达,强化记忆): 原句:I think he is not right.(错误表达,违反否定前移规则,中考常以此为错误选项)→ 正确句:I don’t think he is right.(我认为他不对。)(否定词not前移至主句think前,从句用肯定形式); 原句:We believe they won’t come.(错误表达,否定词位置错误)→ 正确句:We don’t believe they will come.(我们认为他们不会来。)(前移否定至believe前,从句will come保持肯定); I suppose she can’t finish the work on time.(错误表达)→ I don’t suppose she can finish the work on time.(我猜想她不能按时完成工作。); 特殊场景:当think类动词前有情态动词、助动词时,否定前移仍适用,否定词not置于情态动词/助动词之后。例: I can’t believe he is late.(我不敢相信他迟到了。) We won’t expect they will agree.(我们不指望他们会同意。)。 3.否定前移与反意疑问句 否定前移的句子变反意疑问句时,反意疑问句的主语、谓语需与宾语从句保持一致,且遵循“前否后肯”原则(因主句形式否定,语义否定从句);若主句为肯定句,反意疑问句则与主句保持一致。 例句: ① I don’t think he is right, is he?(我认为他不对,是吗?)(反意疑问句呼应从句he is right,主句否定,从句肯定,故反意疑问句用肯定is he) ② We don’t believe they will come, will they?(我们认为他们不会来,是吗?)(呼应从句they will come,用肯定will they) ③ I think he is right, isn’t he?(我认为他是对的,是吗?)(主句肯定,反意疑问句呼应主句I think,用isn’t he) ④ She thinks he is right, doesn’t she?(她认为他是对的,是吗?)(主语为第三人称,无否定前移,反意疑问句呼应主句she thinks,用doesn’t she)。 【易混易错】 ① 不可对非第一人称主语的句子进行否定前移; ② 否定前移仅适用于think类心理动词,其他动词不适用; ③ 反意疑问句的判断核心是“语义否定对象”,否定前移句的否定对象是从句,故呼应从句。 1.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)Some of my friends are interested in science, but none of them can tell ________. A.when UFOs appeared next time B.how elephants communicate C.where is this kind of plant found D.how they can call this kind of plane 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我的一些朋友对科学感兴趣,但他们中没有人能说明大象如何交流。 考查宾语从句的语序。此处tell后应接宾语从句,宾语从句应用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语”。A选项中的“next time”是将来时间,不能搭配一般过去时“appeared”,语法矛盾; B选项“how elephants communicate”是陈述语序,语义通顺,符合语境; C选项是疑问语序,不符合宾语从句规则; D选项中的“call this kind of plane”语义表述不当。故选B。 2.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·月考)Mum asked Lucy ________. A.if could they walk along this way B.which gate they could go C.which was the way to that street D.why to have a rest 【答案】C 【解析】句意:妈妈问露西哪条路是通往那条街的。 考查宾语从句的语序和结构。在宾语从句中,应使用陈述句语序,排除A;选项B中的go后缺少介词to,表达错误;选项D是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构,why后一般不接不定式,应用why引导的宾语从句,排除D。结合选项可知,只有C选项符合语境,句子是which引导的宾语从句,且是陈述语序。故选C。 3.(25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考)If you find a purse on the playground, you should try to find out ________. A.whose is it B.whose is its owner C.who does it belong to D.whom it belongs to 【答案】D 【解析】句意:如果你在操场上发现一个钱包,你应该设法弄清楚它属于谁。 考查宾语从句。whose is it它是谁的,疑问语序;whose is its owner表述错误;who does it belong to它属于谁,疑问语序;whom it belongs to它属于谁,陈述语序。分析句子结构可知,这句话是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除A、C;“belong to”后接宾语,用whom。故选D。 4.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)—Why does the old lady over there look so worried? —Because she wonders ________. A.that her husband is terribly hurt B.what wrong is with her husband C.what has happened to her husband D.whether has her husband been hurt 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——那边的老太太为什么看起来这么担心?——因为她想知道她的丈夫发生了什么事。 考查宾语从句。that her husband is terribly hurt她的丈夫伤得很重,that引导的陈述句宾语从句;what wrong is with her husband她的丈夫怎么了,宾语从句语序错误;what has happened to her husband她的丈夫发生了什么事,宾语从句语序正确;whether has her husband been hurt她的丈夫是否受伤了,宾语从句语序错误。wonders后接宾语从句要用陈述语序,结合“Why does the old lady over there look so worried?”可知,此处指想知道她的丈夫发生了什么事,故选C。 5.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·期中)—Our teacher told us something about AI in class yesterday. —Really? I wonder ________. A.what can AI bring to humans B.that AI develops so quickly today C.how AI will develop in the future D.if AI is good for people or not 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——昨天我们的老师在课堂上给我们讲了一些关于人工智能的事情。 ——真的吗?我想知道人工智能未来会如何发展。 考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中,if不与or not连用,故选项D排除;宾语从句用陈述语序,排除A;根据“I wonder...”可知主句意思不完整,不能用that引导的宾语从句,排除B。故选C。 考点四 直接引语与简介引语 直接引语变间接引语,本质是将直接引用的他人话语(带引号、保留原句式)转化为宾语从句或不定式结构,融入主句语境中。核心需精准调整“引导词、时态、语序”三大核心要素,同时根据主句主语、语境场景对应调整人称、时间、地点、方向性状语,确保转换后语义不变、句式通顺,符合中考对该考点“三要素+状语调整”的综合考查要求。 一、不同句式的转换规则(中考核心) 直接引语的句式不同,间接引语的转换逻辑和结构也不同,需按陈述句、疑问句、祈使句分类掌握,覆盖中考所有考查场景。 (一)陈述句直接引语变间接引语 陈述句直接引语多为陈述事实、表达观点的句式,变间接引语时结构相对简单,核心是衔接引导词并调整时态和状语。 引导词:统一用that引导宾语从句,that仅起连接作用,无实际语义,在口语和非正式书面语中可省略;但当主句谓语为say、tell等动词,且从句较长或与主句之间有插入语时,that建议保留,避免句子歧义。 时态:严格遵循宾语从句时态呼应原则,即主句为现在范畴时态(一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时),从句时态不变;主句为过去范畴时态(一般过去时),从句需调整为相应过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时);若从句表述客观真理,时态始终用一般现在时。 人称、状语调整:人称需遵循“一随主、二随宾、三不变”原则(第一人称随主句主语,第二人称随主句宾语,第三人称不变);时间、地点状语需根据语境转换为间接表述,确保与主句时态呼应。 例拓: ① 主句为现在时:She says, “I finish my homework every day.”(她说:“我每天都完成作业。”)→ She says(that)she finishes her homework every day.(她说她每天都完成作业。)(时态不变,人称随主句主语调整); ② 主句为过去时:She said, “I will go to the park tomorrow.”(她说:“我明天要去公园。”)→ She said(that)she would go to the park the next day.(她说她第二天要去公园。)(主句过去时,从句will改为would;tomorrow改为the next day,人称随主句调整) ③ 客观真理类:He said, “The earth is round.”(他说:“地球是圆的。”)→ He said(that)the earth is round.(他说地球是圆的。)(从句为客观真理,时态不变)。 (二)一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语 一般疑问句直接引语表疑问语气,变间接引语时需重点调整引导词和语序,同时兼顾时态、人称和状语转换,是中考高频考法。 引导词:不能用that,需用if或whether引导宾语从句,二者多数情况下可互换,均表“是否”,且不可省略;若从句后接or not,或从句作介词宾语、后接不定式时,只能用whether,不能用if。 时态:遵循宾语从句时态呼应原则,与陈述句转换规则一致,主句为过去时,从句需调整为对应过去时态。 语序:这是核心易错点,需将原一般疑问句的倒装语序(助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语)调整为陈述语序(主语+助动词/情态动词+谓语),取消原句的疑问语气。 人称、状语调整:遵循“一随主、二随宾、三不变”原则,时间、地点状语转换规则同陈述句。 例: ① 基础转换:He asked, “Do you like English?”(他问:“你喜欢英语吗?”)→ He asked if/whether I liked English.(他问我是否喜欢英语。)(引导词用if/whether,语序调整为陈述语序,主句过去时,从句like改为liked,you改为I) ② 接or not场景:She asked, “Will you come to the party or not?”(她问:“你要不要来参加派对?”)→ She asked whether I would come to the party or not.(她问我要不要来参加派对。)(后接or not,只能用whether) ③ 介词后场景:He wondered, “Is she free tomorrow?”(他想知道:“她明天有空吗?”)→ He wondered about whether she would be free the next day.(他想知道她第二天是否有空。)(whether引导从句作介词about宾语)。 (三)特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语 特殊疑问句直接引语含明确疑问词(what、who、when等),变间接引语时引导词固定,重点突破语序调整,是中考难点题型。 引导词:直接沿用原特殊疑问句的疑问词(what、who、whose、when、where、how等),无需更换为if/whether,且引导词不可省略,同时需注意疑问词在从句中充当的句子成分(主语、宾语、状语等)。 时态:遵循宾语从句时态呼应原则,主句为过去时,从句需调整为对应过去时态;若从句为客观真理,时态不变。 语序:核心规则为“疑问词不变,语序变陈述”,即取消原特殊疑问句的倒装语序,将助动词/情态动词还原至主语之后,形成“疑问词+主语+谓语+其他”的陈述语序;若疑问词在从句中作主语,从句本身即为陈述语序,无需额外调整。 人称、状语调整:遵循“一随主、二随宾、三不变”原则,时间、地点、方向性状语按规则转换。 例: ① 疑问词作状语:She asked, “What did you do yesterday?”(她问:“你昨天做了什么?”)→ She asked what I had done the day before.(她问我前一天做了什么。)(引导词what,语序调整为陈述语序,主句过去时,从句did改为had done,yesterday改为the day before,you改为I) ② 疑问词作主语:He asked, “Who broke the window?”(他问:“谁打破了窗户?”)→ He asked who broke the window.(他问谁打破了窗户。)(who在从句中作主语,从句本身为陈述语序,无需调整,仅调整时态和人称) ③ 疑问词短语引导:They asked, “How long have you lived here?”(他们问:“你在这里住了多久了?”)→ They asked how long I had lived there.(他们问我在那里住了多久了。)(引导词短语how long,语序调整为陈述语序,have lived改为had lived,here改为there)。 (四)祈使句直接引语变间接引语 祈使句直接引语表请求、命令、劝告等语气,变间接引语时不转化为宾语从句,而是转化为“动词+宾语+不定式”结构,需重点掌握动词选择和否定形式。 引导词与结构:不用that引导,需根据祈使句的语气和语义,将其转化为“动词+sb.+to do sth.”的不定式结构,其中sb.为祈使句的对象(原句的第二人称,需按“二随宾”原则调整人称)。 动词选择:需匹配祈使句的语气强度:① 表请求、叮嘱,用ask(请求)、tell(叮嘱);② 表命令、要求,用order(命令)、command(指令)、require(要求);③ 表建议、劝告,用advise(建议)、suggest(提议),其中suggest后需接“sb.+should do sth.”(should可省略)。 否定形式:否定祈使句(原句含don’t)变间接引语时,需在不定式前加not,形成“动词+sb.+not to do sth.”结构,不可直接在动词前加否定词。 时态与状语:主句谓语动词用相应时态(一般现在时、一般过去时),从句始终用不定式结构,无需调整时态;地点、方向性状语按规则转换,时间状语根据语境适配主句时态。 例: ① 肯定请求:The teacher said to us, “Be quiet.”(老师对我们说:“安静点。”)→ The teacher told us to be quiet.(老师让我们安静点。)(用tell表叮嘱,转化为to do结构) ② 否定命令:He said to her, “Don’t open the door.”(他对她说:“别开门。”)→ He ordered her not to open the door.(他命令她不要开门。)(用order表命令,否定式加not to) ③ 建议类祈使句:She said to me, “Read more books.”(她对我说:“多读书。”)→ She advised me to read more books.(她建议我多读书。)/ She suggested that I should read more books.(她建议我多读书。)(advise后接to do,suggest后接宾语从句)。 二、时间、地点、人称及方向性状语转换(中考必记) 状语转换是直接引语变间接引语的易错点,需结合主句时态和语境精准转换,确保语义连贯,以下为中考高频转换内容,需熟练记忆。 直接引语 间接引语 说明 直接引语 间接引语 说明 now then 表“现在”→“那时”,适配主句过去时 I/we he/she/they 一随主,随主句主语人称变化 today that day 表“今天”→“那天”,对应过去的时间 you me/him/her/them 二随宾,随主句宾语人称变化 yesterday the day before 表“昨天”→“前一天”,避免时间歧义 here there 表“这里”→“那里”,适配说话地点转换 tomorrow the next day/the following day 表“明天”→“第二天”,对应过去的将来 come go 方向性动词,从说话人视角调整为听话人视角 this morning/afternoon that morning/afternoon 指示代词this→that,适配过去时间 bring take 方向性动词,“带来”→“带去”,调整方向 last week/month/year the week/month/year before 表“上周/月/年”→“前一周/月/年” these days those days 指示代词these→those,对应过去的时间段 next week/month/year the next week/month/year 表“下周/月/年”→“第二周/月/年” ago before “……以前”,ago搭配过去时,before可搭配完成时 特别提醒:若直接引语表述的是当前仍适用的时间、地点(如固定事件、永恒地点),或主句为现在时,状语可无需转换。例如:She says, “I will come here tomorrow.”(她说:“我明天会来这里。”)→ She says she will come here tomorrow.(主句为现在时,状语不变)。 1.How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence? A.Tom said: “ If you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” B.Tom said “if you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home”. C.Tom said: if you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home. D.Tom said, “ If you are free, we’ll watch a movie at home.” 【答案】D 【解析】句意:您应该如何在下面的句子中添加正确的标点符号? 考查标点符号的用法。引用一句话时,要将标点符号也放入引号内。故B错误。在英语中,冒号前必须是完整句子,即去掉冒号后的内容,句子意思依然完整,故AC错误。故选D。 2.— Could you tell me ______? — Yes. It’s next to the supermarket. A.where the post office is B.where was the post office C.where is the post office D.where the post office was 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析:根据下文,是的,它在超市隔壁。可知上文从句描述的是客观性动作,故用一般现在时态。宾语从句中一般用陈述语序,故选A。 考点:宾语从句 点评:宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,需注意当疑问词做从句主语时,则貌似倒装句,需注意区分。关于引导词的区分需结合引导词的基本含义及其在句子中所承担的句子成分进行具体分析。 3.I ______ that he’s a hardworking teacher. A.never doubt B.always doubt C.seldom ask D.often wonder 【答案】A 【解析】考查间接引语。根据that 引导的肯定陈述句可排除B,C和D. 4.——Could you tell me ? ——Glad to help. A.if I have been to the Great Wall B.where did he study C.how I can get to the post office D.what’s your name 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析:英语宾语从句中一般用陈述语序。根据下文,我很乐意帮忙。可知上文问的是,你能告诉我我怎样能到达车站?故选C。 考点:考查宾语从句 5.He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He ________ very naughty. A.said his mother that the boy was B.said to his mother that the boy is C.told his mother that the boy was D.spoke to his mother that the boy was 【答案】C 【解析】句意:他说:“妈妈,这个男孩很顽皮。”→他告诉他妈妈那个男孩很顽皮。 考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。此处可改为“他告诉他妈妈那个男孩很顽皮”,可用tell sb.,排除ABD。故选C。 一、单项选择 1.—Sara, do you know ________ the Science Festival? —Sure! Next Friday. A.when did we hold B.when we held C.when will we hold D.when we will hold 2.—What did your sister say in her letter? —She told me that she ________ for London the next week. A.will leave B.has left C.would leave D.leaves 3.—Do you know ________ in China? —On November 26, 2025. A.when was Zootopia 2 shown B.when will Zootopia 2 be shown C.when Zootopia 2 was shown D.when Zootopia 2 will be shown 4.—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —In five minutes. A.how soon will the film begin B.how long the film has been on C.how soon the film will begin D.how long has the film been on 5.I don’t know if Eric ________ this Sunday. If he ________ here, I’ll call you at once. A.will come; will come B.come; comes C.comes; will come D.will come; comes 6.—Could you please tell me ________? —Sure, just go along Main Street. It’s beside the bank. A.when the post office opens today B.where is the post office C.when does the post office open today D.where the post office is 7.We wanted to know ________. A.when will the exam begin B.when the exam will begin C.when would the exam begin D.when the exam would begin 8.—Miss Li told us yesterday that the earth ________ around the sun. —Wait, I also want to know when she ________ us the next geography lesson. A.goes; will give B.went; gives C.goes; gave D.went; will give 9.—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? —Sure. Go straight for two blocks and turn right. A.where is the library B.how can I find the library C.where the library is D.what books are in the library 10.My friend asked me ________ Huawei’s latest 5G mobile phone. A.where he could buy B.where could he buy C.where he could to buy D.where can he buy 11.—I haven’t met Tom for a long time. Could you tell me ________? —Of course. He ________ to the USA. A.where is he; has been B.where he is; has gone C.where was he; has been D.where he was; has gone 12.—The man looks weak these days. —Yes. We are sure ________ something is wrong with him and we doubt ________ the disease can be cured. A.if; whether B.that; whether C.whether; if D.that; that 13.—Amy, please tell me ________ to Shanghai. I can pick you up at the airport. —Thank you. The flight arrives at 7:30 p.m. A.when you will get B.when will you get C.when did you get D.when you got 14.—Susan, could you tell me ________ with your family during the winter holiday this year? —Sure. We will visit Shanghai. A.where did you travel B.where you will travel C.where you travelled D.where will you travel 15.—Could you please tell me ______? —Sure. Go along this street and turn left at the first crossing. A.how can I get to the library B.how I can get to the library C.where is the library D.where the library is 16.—Linda, do you know ________? —At 9:00. There are still thirty minutes left. A.when the meeting started B.when did the meeting start C.when the meeting will start D.when will the meeting start 17.—Do you know when Jay ________ here tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know. But if he ________ here tomorrow, I’ll tell you at once. A.comes; comes B.comes; will come C.will come; will come D.will come; comes 18.She asked me ________ I had watched Zootopia 2 or not and showed me the ticket ________ was on the desk. A.if; that B.why; which C.if; which D.whether; which 19.—I think it’s difficult to write the film review in such a short time. I really don’t know ________. —Plan your time properly, and you can make it! A.why I have to do it B.when I will finish it C.how I can do it D.if I can finish it 20.—Could you please tell me ________ the nearest bank is? —Sure, it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall. A.what B.how C.where D.when 21.—Could you please tell me ________ we will have a picnic this weekend? —I’m not sure. It depends on the weather. If it ________ rain, we will go. A.if; won’t B.if; doesn’t C.whether; won’t D.that; doesn’t 22.I wonder if he ______ to the party next Saturday. If he ______, I’ll be very happy. A.comes; comes B.will come; comes C.comes; will come D.will come; will come 23.The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said. A.that B.what C.when D.where 24.—The Jiangsu Football City League was such a great success. — Sure, it shows ________ sports can bring people together, improve city image and even help the local economy. A.when B.where C.if D.how 25.Mike doesn’t care about ________ he can make much money. He just works for fun. A.which B.whether C.what D.how much 二、单词拼写 26.She promised she (return) the book to me the next day, but she didn’t. 27.Uncle Wang always promised that he (attend) my birthday party. 28.—Dad promised that he (take) us to watch Wandering Earth Ⅱ this evening. But where’s he? —Maybe he has forgotten about it. Let’s ask him. 29.He told us that the sunlight (break) into different colours through a prism (棱镜). 30.When I was young, my parents told me that twelve months (make) one year. 31.I think mooncakes (be) delicious. 32.He asked me if I (finish) my homework. 33.Our teacher hopes the safety tips which he suggests (protect) us against danger. 34.She said she (put) on a new coat the next day. 35.Do you know how to wash your hands (correct)? 36.—I wonder (who) you were talking with over there. —My good friend, Jack. 37.The physics teacher told us that water (freeze) below 0℃. 38.The company expected that ChatGPT (change) the way people work and live. 39.—Pardon? What did you say just now? —Oh, I said that we (have) a picnic next Sunday. 40.She said that she (go) to the park the next day. 41.Andy said he (give) me two days off if I could complete this project successfully. 42.Please make sure the computer (connect) to the keyboard properly. 43.Both of the two books are useful. I don’t know which one (own). 44.You’re going to take part in the basketball match. I hope you (win) the match. 45.AI has made a difference to our life. Many people are worried they (lose) their jobs in the future. 三、完成句子 46.在寻求帮助前,你最好问问他们什么时候会有空。 Before getting help, you’d better check . 47.比尔想知道明年他们是否会再吃到粽子。 Bill they’ll have zongzi again next year. 48.我正在考虑他今天缺席会议的原因。 I was considering today’s meeting. 49.她不知道自己可以怎样解决这个问题。 She had no idea the problem. 50.他们担心自己能否学会这些技能。 They worried these skills. 51.他们不知道自己是否能成功,但都尽了最大的努力。 They didn’t know       or not, but they all tried their best. 52.我的朋友汤姆和我一直在讨论我们在长城上所看到的东西。 My friend Tom and I keep talking about on the Great Wall. 53.他们绞尽脑汁,但仍然不知道答案是什么。 They thought really hard but didn’t know . 54.你知道这是谁的错误吗? Do you know ? 55.我的朋友们也想知道我们为什么对科技节感兴趣。 My friends also wondered in the science festival. 56.例如,老师提到西班牙的传统服饰和法国的不一样。 For example, the teacher mentioned that traditional Spanish clothes French clothes. 57.老师告诉我们,我们可以在活动中做什么。 The teacher told us at the event. 58.你能告诉我最近的停车场在哪里吗? Could you tell me . 59.你能告诉我怎样才能到达历史博物馆吗? Could you tell me get to the history museum? 60.我不知道怎样才能提高我的英语水平。 I don't know my English. 61.对于我们是否应该给机器人更多的工作岗位,人们持不同意见。 People have different opinions on robots more jobs. 62.后来,他的同学教他如何能高效地记忆诗歌。 Later, his classmate taught him memorize poems efficiently. 63.老师说这个挑战是关于友善的力量,并会展示出它如何能对一个人的生活产生影响。 The teacher said that the challenge was about the power of kindness and would show a difference to someone’s life. 64.大卫对太空很着迷。他总是想知道宇航员是如何在太空生活的。 David is crazy about space. He always wonders astronauts space. 65.我们很想知道为什么它能吸引如此多的关注。 We are eager to know so much attention. 参考答案 一、 1.D 【解析】句意:——萨拉,你知道我们什么时候举办科学节吗?——当然!下周五。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据答“ Next Friday”可知,科学节尚未举办,应用一般将来时;且宾语从句需用陈述语序。故选D。 2.C 【解析】句意:——你姐姐在信里说了什么?——她告诉我她下周将动身去伦敦。 考查宾语从句的时态。主句“She told me”是过去时,从句动作“离开”发生在主句动作之后,需用过去将来时,“would leave”符合语境。故选C。 3.C 【解析】句意:——你知道《疯狂动物城2》在中国什么时候上映吗?——2025年11月26日。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据答句“On November 26, 2025”可知,电影上映时间在过去,因此从句需用一般过去时;且宾语从句需用陈述语序。故选C。 4.C 【解析】句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我电影多久以后开始吗?——五分钟后。 考查宾语从句的语序和特殊疑问词辨析。how soon will the film begin电影多久以后开始,疑问语序;how long the film has been on电影已经放映了多久,陈述语序;how soon the film will begin电影多久以后开始,陈述语序;how long has the film been on电影已经放映了多久,疑问语序。首先,宾语从句需用陈述语序:主语+谓语,其次,答语“In five minutes”表示“多久以后”,对应询问将来的时间段,应用how soon提问,而how long询问持续时间。故选C。 5.D 【解析】句意:我不知道埃里克这周日是否会来。如果他来了这里,我会立刻给你打电话。 考查宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。第一空,在宾语从句“if Eric…this Sunday”中,“if”意为“是否”,从句时间状语“this Sunday”表示将来,应用一般将来时“will come”。第二空,在条件状语从句“If he…here”中,“if”意为“如果”,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句应用一般现在时“comes”表示将来。故选D。 6.D 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗?——当然,沿着主街走,它在银行旁边。 考查宾语从句的语序。根据答语“just go along Main Street. It’s beside the bank.”可知询问的是地点,宾语从句连接词用where,排除A和C选项;宾语从句需用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语+其他”,B项是疑问语序,D项是陈述语序。故选D。 7.D 【解析】句意:我们想知道考试什么时候开始。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句遵循“主过从必过”的原则,本句主句中的“wanted”是一般过去式,所以从句中的will也要用过去式would,排除AB;宾语从句要使用陈述语序,所以主语the exam在前,动词would在后。故选D。 8.A 【解析】句意:——李老师昨天告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。——等等,我还想知道她什么时候给我们上下一节地理课。 考查宾语从句的时态。goes是一般现在时;will give是一般将来时;went是一般过去时;gives是一般现在时;gave是一般过去时。宾语从句“the earth...around the sun”描述客观真理,用一般现在时,“地球绕太阳转”是客观事实,第一空用goes;宾语从句“when she...us the next geography lesson”中,“next”表将来,第二空用一般将来时will give。故选A。 9.C 【解析】句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗?——当然可以。直走两个街区然后右转。 考查宾语从句。根据“tell me”可知,后面是宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述句语序,排除选项A和选项B;根据答句“Go straight for two blocks and turn right.”可知,询问的是图书馆的位置,而不是图书馆里有什么书,所以C选项正确。故选C。 10.A 【解析】句意:我朋友问我他可以在哪里买到华为最新的5G手机。 考查宾语从句。where he could buy他可以在哪里购买,过去时,陈述语序;where could he buy他可以在哪里买,过去时,疑问语序;where he could to buy错误表达;where can he buy他可以在哪里买,一般现在时,疑问语序。根据“My friend asked me…”可知,此处是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序。故选A。 11.B 【解析】句意:——我很久没有见到汤姆了。你能告诉我他在哪里吗?——当然。他去美国了。 考查宾语从句和时态。where is/was he他在哪里(疑问语序);where he is/was他在哪里(陈述语序);has been to去过某地(已回来);has gone to去了某地(未回来)。根据“Could you tell me…”可知,此处引导宾语从句,从句需用陈述语序,排除A、C两项;本句时态是一般现在时,询问现在的情况,排除D。根据“I haven’t met Tom for a long time.”可知,汤姆现在不在这里,说明他还没回,应用has gone to。故选B。 12.B 【解析】句意:——这个男人这些天看起来很虚弱。——是的,我们确定他身体有些不对劲,而且我们怀疑这种病是否能被治愈。 考查宾语从句。if是否;whether是否;that引导从句,无实际意义。“be sure that...”是固定搭配,后接宾语从句表示确定的内容;doubt用于肯定句时后接whether/if引导的宾语从句表疑问,用于否定句或疑问句时后接that引导的宾语从句,后半句是肯定句表疑问用whether/if引导,结合选项内容可知,选项B符合,故选B。 13.A 【解析】句意:——艾米,请告诉我你什么时候到上海。我可以去机场接你。——谢谢。航班晚上7点半到达。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。空处为宾语从句,从句需用陈述句语序,根据“The flight arrives at 7:30 p.m.”可知,到达的动作还未发生,所以用一般将来时。故选A。 14.B 【解析】句意:——苏珊,你能告诉我今年寒假你将和家人去哪里旅行吗?——当然。我们将参观上海。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除AD;根据“We will visit Shanghai.”可知,从句用一般将来时,故选B。 15.B 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我如何到达图书馆吗?——当然。沿着这条街走,在第一个十字路口左转。 考查宾语从句。how can I get to the library疑问语序;how I can get to the library为陈述语序;where is the library为疑问语序;where the library is陈述语序。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序。回答是指示方向,所以提问是如何到达地点。故选B。 16.C 【解析】句意:——琳达,你知道会议什么时候开始吗?——九点,还剩三十分钟。 考查宾语从句。根据句子结构可知,空处为宾语从句,应用陈述语序;根据答语“At 9:00. There are still thirty minutes left.”可知,事情还未发生,故应用一般将来时。故选C。 17.D 【解析】句意:——你知道Jay明天什么时候会来这里吗?——对不起,我不知道。但如果他明天来这里,我会立刻告诉你。 考查宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。第一空为宾语从句,主句“Do you know”是一般现在时,根据“tomorrow”可知,从句表示将来时间,需用一般将来时will come;第二空为if条件状语从句,表示将来条件时,需用一般现在时comes表示将来,即“主将从现”。故选D。 18.D 【解析】句意:她问我是否看了《疯狂动物城2》,并向我展示了桌子上的票。 考查宾语从句。根据“I had watched Zootopia 2 or not”可知,在宾语从句中,能和or not直接连用的引导词是whether,whether…or not意为“是否……”;第二空是定语从句,先行词是the ticket(表示物),且从句中缺少主语,关系代词用which或that均可,结合第一空的判断,选which即可。故选D。 19.C 【解析】句意:——我认为在这么短的时间内写影评很难。我真的不知道如何做。——合理规划你的时间,你就能做到! 考查宾语从句。根据答句“Plan your time properly, and you can make it!”可知,这是在提供完成影评的具体方法,此处为宾语从句,应用how引导,表达“如何做”。故选C。 20.C 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗?——当然,它在购物中心的二楼。 考查宾语从句的引导词。what什么;how如何;where在哪里;when何时。根据“Could you please tell me...the nearest bank is?”可知,空格处缺少宾语从句的引导词;结合答句“it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall”可知,询问的是地点信息,因此引导词应使用表示地点的“where”。故选C。 21.B 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我这个周末我们是否会去野餐吗?——我不确定。这取决于天气。如果不下雨,我们就去。 考查宾语从句引导词和条件状语从句的时态。if/whether是否;that引导从句,无意义。第一空引导宾语从句,根据“I’m not sure”可知此处询问是否会去野餐,用if/whether引导宾语从句。第二句是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,从句用一般现在时,“rain”是实义动词,主语“it”是第三人称单数,所以用“doesn’t”。故选B。 22.B 【解析】句意:我想知道他下周六是否会来参加聚会。如果他来,我会非常高兴。 考查条件状语从句的时态用法。comes一般现在时;will come一般将来时。根据“I wonder if he ... next Saturday”可知,第一空是if引导的宾语从句,时间状语是next Saturday,时态用一般将来时will come。根据“If he...”可知,第二个空是if引导的条件状语从句,用一般现在时表将来,主语是he,动词用三单comes。故选B。 23.B 【解析】句意:这个学生完成了这个实验,使约瑟夫教授所说的话成为了现实。 考查宾语从句引导词辨析。that引导宾语从句时无实际意义,在从句中不充当成分;what什么,可引导宾语从句,并在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分;when何时,引导宾语从句时在从句中作时间状语;where何地,引导宾语从句时在从句中作地点状语。分析句子结构可知,“Professor Joseph had said”为宾语从句,且此从句缺少宾语,所以应该用what来引导,表示“约瑟夫教授所说的话”。故选B。 24.D 【解析】句意:——江苏足球城市联赛如此成功。——当然,它展示了体育如何将人们聚集在一起、提升城市形象甚至帮助当地经济。 考查宾语从句的引导词。when当……时;where在哪里;if如果;how如何。根据“sports can bring people together…”可知,主句“it shows”后接宾语从句,表示展示体育实现积极影响的方式,因此需用how引导从句。故选D。 25.B 【解析】句意:迈克不在乎他是否能赚很多钱。他工作只是为了好玩。 考查宾语从句引导词。which哪一个;whether是否;what什么;how much多少。根据后句“He just works for fun.”可知,后句描述迈克工作只是为了好玩,则空格所在句应指他不在乎“是否”能赚钱,应用whether引导宾语从句,用于询问或表达不确定性。故选B。 二、 26.would return 【解析】句意:她承诺第二天会把书还给我,但她没做到。“promised”在句中作谓语,主句为一般过去时;宾语从句中“the next day”是相对于“承诺”这个过去动作的将来时间,故从句需用过去将来时,其结构为“would+动词原形”;“return”为动词原形,故填would return。   27.would attend 【解析】句意:王叔叔总是承诺他会参加我的生日派对。根据“he…my birthday party”可知,此处指会来参加生日派对,表示将来;主句“Uncle Wang always promised…”是一般过去时,因此从句应用过去将来时“would attend”。故填would attend。 28.would take 【解析】句意:——爸爸答应过今晚会带我们去看《流浪地球2》。可他在哪儿呢?——也许他忘了,我们去问问他吧。根据“promised”可知,主句为过去时,宾语从句需保持时态一致;又因“this evening”是过去视角的将来时间,故用过去将来时(would do)。故填would take。 29.breaks 【解析】句意:他告诉我们,阳光通过棱镜会分解成不同的颜色。根据“He told us that the sunlight…(break) into different colours through a prism”可知,此处为宾语从句,当宾语从句表达的是客观真理、科学事实时,无论主句是什么时态,从句都要用一般现在时,从句的主语为第三人称单数,动词用三单形式。故填breaks。 30.makes 【解析】句意:当我小的时候,我父母告诉我十二个月等于一年。此句是宾语从句,宾语从句是客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语在此处表示一个时间整体,视为单数概念,谓语动词用三单形式。故填makes。 31.are 【解析】句意:我认为月饼很美味。think后是宾语从句,时态遵循“主现从不限”原则,此处表达观点,时态用一般现在时,主语“mooncakes”是复数,be动词用are。故填are。 32.had finished 【解析】句意:他问我是否已经完成了作业。根据“He asked me if I...my homework.”可知,此处为if引导的宾语从句,主句为一般过去时,从句应用过去的某种时态,该句表示他问我是否已经完成了作业,完成作业这件事应是在他问我之前,故此处使用过去完成时,其构成为主语+had+过去分词,finish“完成”,其过去分词为finished。故填had finished。 33.will protect 【解析】句意:我们的老师希望他建议的安全提示将保护我们免受危险。protect“保护”,分析句子可知,句子是宾语从句,从句主语是the safety tips,which he suggests是定语从句,修饰主语,故空处作从句的谓语,主句是一般现在时,宾语从句表述将要发生的事情,要用一般将来时,其构成为will+动词原形。故填will protect。 34.would put 【解析】她说她第二天会穿上一件新外套。根据“said”和“the next day”可知,该句子时态为一般将来时,结构是will+动词原形;she said后面是一个宾语从句,主句为一般过去时,从句也应用过去的某种时态,故一般将来时应该变成过去将来时,结构是would+动词原形。故填would put。 35.correctly 【解析】句意:你知道如何正确洗手吗?“correct” 是形容词,意为 “正确的” ,此处需要用副词来修饰动词短语 “wash your hands”,“correct” 的副词形式是 “correctly”,所以填 correctly。 36.whom 【解析】句意: ——我想知道你在那边和谁交谈? —— 我的好朋友杰克。“wonder” 后是宾语从句,“talking with” 缺宾语,“who” 宾格 “whom” 可作宾语,故填 whom。 37.freezes 【解析】句意:物理老师告诉我们水在0℃以下会结冰。freeze“结冰”,动词。句子为宾语从句,从句描述的是客观规律,时态用一般现在时,主语water为不可数名词,freeze用三单形式。故填freezes。 38.would change 【解析】句意:公司期望ChatGPT将改变人们工作和生活的方式。change“改变”,动词原形;根据“expected that”可知,从句应用过去的某种时态,“期望”说明事情尚未发生,所以从句应用过去将来时,其结构为would+动词原形。故填would change。 39.would have 【解析】句意:——抱歉?你刚才说什么?——哦,我说我们下周日要去野餐。此句是宾语从句,主句是一般过去时。根据从句的时间状语“next Sunday”可知,从句应用过去将来时:would do。故填would have。 40.would go 【解析】句意:她说她第二天会去公园。分析句子可知,that后为宾语从句;主句有“said”,是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态;从句中“the next day”表示将来,所以该空用过去将来时“would go”。故填would go。 41.would give 【解析】句意:安迪说如果我能成功完成这个项目,他会给我两天假。根据句子结构可知,“Andy said...”后接宾语从句。主句时态是一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态;根据“…if I could complete this project successfully”可知,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,空处使用过去将来时,其结构是“would+动词原形”。“give”是动词原形,所以此处应填“would give”。故填would give。 42.is connected 【解析】句意:请确保电脑已正确连接到键盘上。分析句子可知,“Please make sure...”为主句,其后接宾语从句,结合语境可知,从句为一般现在时,主语“the computer”和connect是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,谓语结构用is done。故填is connected。 43.to own 【解析】句意:这两本书都很有用。我不知道该拥有哪一本。此处为宾语从句的简化结构,为“疑问词+不定式”,此处应用动词不定式。故填to own。 44.will win 【解析】句意:你将去参加篮球赛。我希望你将会获胜。题干为宾语从句,win是动词,意思是“获胜,赢”。主句是一般现在时态,从句时态不受限制,根据“You’re going to take part in the basketball match.”可知,宾语从句的时态是一般将来时,结构是will+动词原形,故填will win。 45.will lose 【解析】句意:人工智能改变了我们的生活。许多人担心他们将来会失业。lose“失去”,动词;根据“Many people are worried they”可知此处为省略that的宾语从句,从句时态遵循“主现从不限”的原则,根据“in the future”可知,从句为一般将来时,其结构为will do。故填will lose。 三、 46. when they’ll be free 【解析】对比中英文可知,空格处缺少“他们什么时候会有空”;“check”后面需要接宾语从句,询问“他们什么时候会有空”,用陈述语序,且表达将来的状态,用一般将来时;“他们什么时候会有空”英文表达是when they will be free。故填when;they’ll;be;free。 47. wonders whether/if 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“想知道……是否”。“想知道”用动词“wonder”,此处用第三人称单数形式。“是否”可用“whether”或“if”引导宾语从句。故填wonders;whether/if。 48. why he was absent from 【解析】对照中英文可知,缺乏的中文部分是“他缺席的原因”,原句“was considering”后接宾语从句,这里要用“why”引导宾语从句;他:he;缺席:be absent from,结合“was considering”可知,主句是一般过去时,所以这里从句的时态也是一般过去时,且从句的主语he是第三人称单数,所以be动词用was。故填why;he;was;absent;from。 49. how she could solve 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“她可以怎样解决”,how“怎样”,此处引导宾语从句;she“她”,宾语从句的主语;can“可以”,情态动词,由主句的had可知,此处句子是一般过去时,故用could;solve“解决”,动词,跟在情态动词could之后,应用原形。故填how;she;could;solve。 50. if/whether they could learn 【解析】是否:if/whether,引导宾语从句;他们:they,作主语;根据“worried”可知主句是一般过去时,故宾语从句也用过去时态,表示“能够”用情态动词could,其后加动词原形learn“学习”。故填if/whether;they;could;learn。 51. whether they could succeed 【解析】根据汉语提示可知,know后面跟宾语从句,从句结构是“whether ... or not”,意为“是否”,引导词后跟陈述句语序。they“他们”,作从句的主语;can“能”,主句用过去式,从句也要用过去时态,因此用could;succeed“成功”,动词,与could一起构成谓语,could是情态动词,succeed用动词原形。故填whether;they;could;succeed。 52. what we saw 【解析】由中英文对比可知,缺少“我们所看到的东西”;what“什么”,引导宾语从句,从句要用陈述句语序;we“我们”,作从句的主语;saw“看到”,为谓语动词,what we saw表示“我们所看到的东西”。故填what;we;saw。 53. what the answers were 【解析】根据汉语提示可知,空白处表示“答案是什么”,应用宾语从句,使用陈述语序;什么“what”,答案“answer”,可数名词,此处表示特指,用定冠词the,且用复数,即“the answers”,在从句中作主语;根据“They thought”可知,宾语从句用一般过去时,主语“the answers”表示复数,系动词用were。故填what;the;answers;were。 54. whose fault it is/was 【解析】此处需用whose引导宾语从句,表示“谁的”,后接陈述语序,时态为一般现在时/一般过去时;疑问词(whose)+ 主语(it)+ 谓语(is/was),fault“错误”,名词,需与whose连用。故填whose;fault;it;is/was。 55. why we were interested 【解析】句子是宾语从句,此处用why引导宾语从句,从句用陈述语序;根据“wondered”可知主句是过去时,故此处从句用一般过去时,主语是we,be动词用were;对……感兴趣:be interested in。故填why;we;were;interested。 56. are different from 【解析】对照中英文可知缺少“和……不一样”,“和……不一样”be different from,主语traditional Spanish clothes是复数,且宾语从句表示客观事实,是一般现在时,故be动词用are。故填are;different;from。 57. what we could do 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空格处为“我们可以做什么”。根据“The teacher told us”空格处应为what“什么”引导的宾语从句,从句应用陈述语序,且时态遵守“主过从必过”的原则,即从句时态应为一般过去时。“我们”we;“能”could,其后接动词原形“做”do。故填what;we;could;do。 58. where the nearest parking lot is 【解析】对照汉语意思,可知英语句子缺少 “最近的停车场在哪里” 的表达。“最近的停车场” 翻译为 “the nearest parking lot”  ,“在哪里” 用 “where” 引导宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述语序,即 “where + 主语 + 谓语” ,主语是 “the nearest  parking lot” ,谓语用 “is” ,所以依次填 where、the、nearest、parking、lot、is。 59. how I can 【解析】对照汉语意思,可知英语句子缺少 “怎样才能” 的表达。“怎样做某事” 常用 “how+从句.” 结构,此处用于 “tell me” 后作宾语,从句用陈述语序,所以填 how I can 。 60. how to improve 【解析】根据汉语意思及英语句子可知,这里考查 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构作宾语。“怎样” 用疑问词 how ;“提高” 常见表达为 improve ,“疑问词 how + 不定式 to improve” 作 know 的宾语 ,表示 “不知道如何提高” ,完整表达 “我不知道怎样才能提高我的英语水平” 。故填 how to improve。 61. whether we should offer/give 【解析】对照中英文可知,该句用“whether”引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,且使用陈述语气;we“我们”是主语;“should”表示“应该”,接动词原形;“give/offer”是动词,意为“给/提供”。故填whether;we;should;offer/give。 62. how he could 【解析】根据汉语提示以及英语句子可知,此处应为宾语从句,所缺汉语意思为 “教他如何能”,因此应用how引导宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。he“他”;主句谓语动词“taught”为一般过去时,因此从句的谓语动词也应为一般过去时,could“能”,过去式。故填how; he; could。 63. how it could make 【解析】如何:how,引导宾语从句,用陈述语序,主语是it;根据“would...”可知主句是过去时,故从句用过去的时态,表示“能够”用could,情态动词后加动词原形;对……有影响:make a difference to。故填how;it;could;make。 64. how live in 【解析】根据汉语提示可知,空格处需填写“如何”、“在”、“生活”。how“如何”,可引导宾语从句;live in“在某地生活”,为固定短语。故填how;live;in。 65. why it can attract 【解析】对照中英文可知,该句是宾语从句,使用陈述语气。why“为什么”;it“它”;can“能”,接动词原形;attract“吸引”。故填why;it;can;attract。 21 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题07 宾语从句(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题07 宾语从句(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题07 宾语从句(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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