Unit 8 I love nature! 简单句的基本句型（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材冀教版七年级下册

Unit 8 I love nature! 核心语法精练（简单句的基本句型） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 10 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 题型一 语法填空 12 题型二 阅读理解 15 1.主谓结构（S+V） 特点 谓语动词是不及物动词（vi.），本身含义完整，不需要接 “宾语” 就能表达完整意思。 公式 主语（S）+ 谓语（V） 例句 1.The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起） 2.They played happily yesterday.（他们昨天玩得很开心） （注：句中 “in the east”“happily”“yesterday” 是状语，修饰动词或整个句子，不影响 “主谓” 核心结构） 2.主谓宾结构（S+V+O） 特点 谓语动词是及物动词（vt.），含义不完整，必须接 “宾语”（动作的承受者）才能表达完整意思。 公式 主语（S）+ 谓语（V）+ 宾语（O） 例句 1.I love English.（我爱英语）（“English” 是 “love” 的宾语） 2.He finished his homework.（他完成了作业）（“his homework”是“finished”的宾语） 3. 主系表结构（S+Linking V+P） 特点 谓语动词是系动词（不表示动作，只表示 “主语的状态 / 性质 / 身份”），必须接 “表语”（说明主语的内容），构成“主语 + 系动词 + 表语”逻辑。 公式 主语（S）+ 系动词（Linking V）+ 表语（P） 常见系动词 1.状态系动词：be（am/is/are/was/were） 2.感官系动词：look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）、smell（闻起来）、feel（摸起来） 3.变化系动词：become（变成）、get（变得）、turn（转变） 例句 1.She is a teacher.（她是一名老师）（“a teacher” 表身份，作表语） 2.The cake tastes delicious.（蛋糕尝起来很美味）（“delicious” 表性质，作表语） 3.The weather gets cold.（天气变冷了）（“cold” 表状态，作表语） 一、单项选择 1．What’s the sentence structure of “The old man walks in the park”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 2．Millie is sleeping. The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 3．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．We like football. C．The courses start at the end of July. D．The little girl is dancing happily. 4．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．The class begins. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. 5．The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Lanzhou” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 6．“We have four seasons.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 7．Which is the sentence pattern of “The bike is new.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 8．The sentence pattern of “His face turned red.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 9．The sentence structure of “You looked unhappy this morning” is ________. A．S+V+IO +DO B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 10．—What is the structure of the sentence “The food tastes good.”? —It is________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 11．There are many ducks in the river. A．表语 B．主语 C．宾语 D．状语 12．We can’t run in the hallways. A．宾语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．宾补 13．Tom cleans his bedroom once a week. A．状语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．宾语 14．My favorite animal is very shy and lovely. A．主语 B．谓语 C．表语 D．宾语 15．The man is funny, so many students like to stay with him. A．主语 B．状语 C．表语 D．宾语 16．句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 17．— What’s the structure of the sentence “He is flying a kite now.”? — It is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+O D．S+V+DO+OC 18．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “She likes English.” A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 19．“I am very happy.” The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 20．The sentence “He runs fast.” belongs to the structure ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 二、选出下面句子的句型 A．S + V          B．S + V + O       C．S + V + P 21．David loves summer. 22．The girls are swimming. 23．The boys are playing football. 24．The boys are playing in the park. 25．The temperature drops. 26．Millie flies a kite. 27．The sky is blue. 28．The leaves turn yellow. 题型一 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 My favourite place is the zoo near my school. There I can see many 1 (animal), such as pandas, tigers, lions, elephants, 2 (wolf), giraffes and penguins. The 3 (lion) are from South Africa. They are 4 (scare) and many people are afraid of them. The penguins are 5 Antarctica. They can’t fly 6 other birds, but they can swim very fast. I like pandas because they are a symbol of China. They are cute, but 7 little shy. I also like the elephant and the giraffe. The elephant 8 (be) from Thailand. She is smart. She often 9 (play) with water. She can walk for a long time and never get lost. The giraffe is beautiful and 10 (friend) to people. Many animals are 11 danger. Why? Because people cut down trees or kill 12 (they). For example, people kill elephants 13 their ivory. Animals are our friends, 14 we should save them. I believe we can help them. Do you have any ways 15 (save) animals? Tell us! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词 (有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式)。 My name is Ricky. I have a farm. I live on the farm 1 my family. My wife and I have two 2 (son) and they are Tom and Joe. We have our favourite animals and we look after 3 (difference) animals. My favourite animal is the horse. There 4 ten horses on the farm. I love all my horses. I regard (把……视为) 5 (they) as my “children”. My wife 6 (like) the cows best. She looks after cows, goats and sheep. Every day she gives them hay (草料) 7 (eat). Her favourite cow is a cow 8 (call) Withy. My older son Tom likes ducks 9 (good). He takes care 10 ducks and chickens. He 11 (usual) feeds them corn (谷物). He often says it’s very 12 (relax) to watch ducks walk around. My younger son Joe looks after rabbits. His favourite rabbit is Bunny. Bunny has a short tail 13 two long ears. It is so 14 (play) and friendly. Joe also enjoys 15 (dress) Bunny in cute small T-shirts. 题型二 阅读理解 Last Sunday, Mary went to the Guangzhou Ocean Park to watch the dolphin show with her parents and brother. Mary felt excited when she saw the dolphins play with balls, go through rings and dance with the trainers. After watching the show, she became more interested in dolphins and wanted to know about the animals, so she looked up more information about dolphins on the Internet. Communication (交流) Every dolphin has its own “name”. And the “name” is a special whistle (哨声). When a dolphin is born, it usually has an unusual whistle for itself. Dolphins “talk” to each other about a lot of things, such as their age, feelings, and finding food. They also use sounds and body language to communicate. Play Dolphins live in groups, and they often join others from different groups to play games and have fun, just like people. Scientists believe only smart animals can play together. Teamwork Dolphins make plans for getting things they want like people. In the seas of southern Brazil, when there are fish near a boat, dolphins make a sound to the fishermen. Then the fishermen put their nets in the water to catch fish. Why do dolphins assist the fishermen? That’s because they can eat some of the fish from the fishermen. 1．What didn’t the dolphins do during the dolphin show? A．Went through rings. B．Caught fish. C．Played with balls. D．Danced. 2．What can we infer about dolphin communication from the text? A．Dolphins only communicate about finding food. B．Dolphins can communicate by sounds but not through body language. C．They share information about personal details like age and feelings. D．All the dolphins share one name. 3．Why do scientists think dolphins are smart animals? A．Because they can perform in ocean shows. B．Because they live in large groups underwater. C．Because they can play cooperatively (合作地) with others. D．Because they communicate by using special whistles. 4．What does the underlined word “assist” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Help. B．Protect. C．Harm. D．Save. Among the many amazing animals in the world, few are as strange and unusual as the octopus. There are around 300 different kinds of octopuses, and they come in all sizes! The smallest is only around 2.5 centimetres long, but some octopuses can grow up to more than five metres long. There was even an octopus over nine metres long! The octopus’s body is very interesting. All octopuses have eight arms. Their brain is not just in their head, but also in their arms! This helps them to think about and do more than one thing at once. Octopuses can also fit into small places because they do not have any bones! And did you know that octopuses have three hearts? These hearts work with different parts of the body. Octopuses can also do many amazing things. Most of them can change their colour and shape to look like plants or other sea animals, and they can also make ink. They keep it inside a very small bag in their body. When they produce ink, the ink makes it hard for other animals to see them. This helps the octopuses to get away fast. What’s more, when an octopus loses an arm, it can grow it back! 1．How many kinds of octopuses are there approximately? A．200. B．300. C．400. D．500. 2．Why can octopuses fit into small spaces? A．Because they have eight arms. B．Because they have a special brain distribution. C．Because they have no bones. D．Because they have three hearts. 3．What helps octopuses get away from predators quickly? A．Changing their size. B．Growing back lost arms. C．Their three-heart system. D．Producing ink. 4．From the fact that octopuses have brains in their arms, we can infer (推测) that ________. A．Octopuses have a simple nervous system B．Octopuses’ arms can perform complex tasks independently to some extent C．Octopuses don’t need their heads to survive D．Octopuses’ arms are not as important as their heads 5．If an octopus is in an environment full of predators, which ability is most likely to help it survive? A．Its ability to grow back lost arms. B．Its ability to change color and shape. C．Its three-heart system. D．Its small body size. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 I love nature! 核心语法精练（简单句的基本句型） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 10 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 题型一 语法填空 12 题型二 阅读理解 15 1.主谓结构（S+V） 特点 谓语动词是不及物动词（vi.），本身含义完整，不需要接 “宾语” 就能表达完整意思。 公式 主语（S）+ 谓语（V） 例句 1.The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起） 2.They played happily yesterday.（他们昨天玩得很开心） （注：句中 “in the east”“happily”“yesterday” 是状语，修饰动词或整个句子，不影响 “主谓” 核心结构） 2.主谓宾结构（S+V+O） 特点 谓语动词是及物动词（vt.），含义不完整，必须接 “宾语”（动作的承受者）才能表达完整意思。 公式 主语（S）+ 谓语（V）+ 宾语（O） 例句 1.I love English.（我爱英语）（“English” 是 “love” 的宾语） 2.He finished his homework.（他完成了作业）（“his homework”是“finished”的宾语） 3. 主系表结构（S+Linking V+P） 特点 谓语动词是系动词（不表示动作，只表示 “主语的状态 / 性质 / 身份”），必须接 “表语”（说明主语的内容），构成“主语 + 系动词 + 表语”逻辑。 公式 主语（S）+ 系动词（Linking V）+ 表语（P） 常见系动词 1.状态系动词：be（am/is/are/was/were） 2.感官系动词：look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）、smell（闻起来）、feel（摸起来） 3.变化系动词：become（变成）、get（变得）、turn（转变） 例句 1.She is a teacher.（她是一名老师）（“a teacher” 表身份，作表语） 2.The cake tastes delicious.（蛋糕尝起来很美味）（“delicious” 表性质，作表语） 3.The weather gets cold.（天气变冷了）（“cold” 表状态，作表语） 一、单项选择 1．What’s the sentence structure of “The old man walks in the park”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“老人在公园散步”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。在句子“The old man walks in the park”中，主语是The old man，谓语是walks，in the park是介词短语作状语，所以句子结构是“主+谓”结构，故选A。 2．Millie is sleeping. The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Millie正在睡觉。句子结构是主谓。 考查句子结构。S+V表示“主语+谓语”；S+V+DO表示“主语+谓语+宾语”；S+V+P表示“主语+谓语+表语”；S+V+IO+DO表示“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。根据原句的句子结构分析可知，主语是Millie，谓语是is sleeping，没有宾语或表语，所以符合“主语+谓语”的结构，故选A。 3．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．We like football. C．The courses start at the end of July. D．The little girl is dancing happily. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子是“主谓宾”结构？ 考查句子结构。“S+V+O”表示“主谓宾”结构。Hangzhou is a beautiful city.中Hangzhou是主语，is是系动词，a beautiful city是表语，属于“主系表”结构；We like football.中We是主语，like是谓语，football是宾语，属于“主谓宾”结构；The courses start at the end of July.中The courses是主语，start是谓语，at the end of July是时间状语，属于“主谓+状语”结构；The little girl is dancing happily.中The little girl是主语，is dancing是谓语，happily是副词，修饰动词dancing，属于“主谓+状语”结构。因此，只有“We like football.”是“主谓宾”结构。故选B。 4．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．The class begins. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一个句子的结构是“S+V+O”(主谓宾)？ 考查句子成分。Hangzhou is a beautiful city.该句子结构是：主+系+表；The class begins.该句子结构是：主+谓；Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games.该句子结构是：主+谓+宾。综上分析，故选C。 5．The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Lanzhou” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：I enjoy living in Lanzhou这句话是主谓宾结构。 考查基本句型。S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+宾+宾；S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补。根据“I enjoy living in Lanzhou”可知，主语I；谓语enjoy；宾语living in Lanzhou。所以句式结构为“S+V+O”。故选A。 6．“We have four seasons.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“我们有四季。”这个句子的主要结构是S+V+O。 考查句子结构分析。在“We have four seasons.”中，We是句子的主语，have是谓语动词，four seasons是宾语。该句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即S+V+O。故选A。 7．Which is the sentence pattern of “The bike is new.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】句意：哪个是“这辆自行车是新的”的句型？ 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。分析句子可知，The bike是主语，is是系动词，new是表语。故选C。 8．The sentence pattern of “His face turned red.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“His face turned red.”这句话的句型结构是“主系表”。 考查基本句型。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+IO+DO主谓间宾直宾。“His face”是主语，“turned”是系动词，“red”是形容词，作表语。故选C。 9．The sentence structure of “You looked unhappy this morning” is ________. A．S+V+IO +DO B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“You looked unhappy this morning”的句子结构是：S+V+P。 考查基本句型。You是主语；looked是系动词作谓语；unhappy是表语；this morning是时间状语；因此句子的结构为：主语+谓语+表语，故选D。 10．—What is the structure of the sentence “The food tastes good.”? —It is________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——“食物尝起来美味。”这个句子是什么结构？——它是“主语+系动词+表语”结构。 考查句子结构。“The food”是主语，“tastes”是感官系动词，“good”是表语，用来说明主语“The food”的特征。故选D。 11．There are many ducks in the river. A．表语 B．主语 C．宾语 D．状语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：河里有许多鸭子。 考查句子成分。根据题干可知，此处是There be句型，be动词are后的many ducks是主语。故选B。 12．We can’t run in the hallways. A．宾语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．宾补 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们不能在走廊里跑。 考查句子成分。分析句子可知，we作主语，can’t run作谓语，in the hallways作地点状语。故选B。 13．Tom cleans his bedroom once a week. A．状语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆每周打扫一次他的卧室。 考查句子成分。句子中Tom是主语，cleans打扫，是谓语动词，his bedroom他的卧室，作谓语动词的宾语，once a week频率副词。故选B。 14．My favorite animal is very shy and lovely. A．主语 B．谓语 C．表语 D．宾语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我最喜欢的动物很害羞，也很可爱。 考查句子成分。is为be动词，后接表语。故选C。 15．The man is funny, so many students like to stay with him. A．主语 B．状语 C．表语 D．宾语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个人很有趣，所以很多学生喜欢和他呆在一起。 考查句子结构。本句是并列复合句，前面的句子是主系表结构，根据题干“The man is funny”可知The man是主语，故选A。 16．句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】B 【详解】句意：句子 “Your team won a basketball game again.”属于哪种简单的基本句型？ 考查句子基本句型。此处主语为Your team；won为谓语；a basketball game为宾语。属于“S+V+O”结构。故选B。 17．— What’s the structure of the sentence “He is flying a kite now.”? — It is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+O D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——“他正在放风筝”这句话的结构是什么？——它是主谓宾结构。 考查句子结构。分析“He is flying a kite now.”可知，时态是现在进行时，He是主语，is flying是谓语，a kite是宾语，now是时间状语，所以这句话的结构是“主+谓+宾”。故选C。 18．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “She likes English.” A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“She likes English.”这个句子的句型是什么？ 考查基本句型。A选项是“主语+谓语+宾语”；B选项是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”；C选项是“主语+谓语”；D选项是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。“She likes English.”中She是主语；likes是谓语；English作宾语。故选A。 19．“I am very happy.” The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“I am very happy.”这个句子的结构是S+V+P。 考查句子结构。句子“I am very happy”中，主语S是“I”，动词V是“am”，表语P是“very happy”，描述主语的状态。因此，句子结构为S+V+P。故选B。 20．The sentence “He runs fast.” belongs to the structure ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“他跑得快”这句话属于主谓结构。 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。根据“He runs fast.”可知，He是主语，runs是谓语，fast是副词，用来修饰runs。故选A。 二、选出下面句子的句型 A．S + V          B．S + V + O       C．S + V + P 21．David loves summer. 22．The girls are swimming. 23．The boys are playing football. 24．The boys are playing in the park. 25．The temperature drops. 26．Millie flies a kite. 27．The sky is blue. 28．The leaves turn yellow. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．C 【解析】21．句意：大卫喜欢夏天。David主语；loves谓语；summer宾语。属于S + V + O结构。故选B。 22．句意：女孩们在游泳。The girls主语；are swimming谓语。属于S + V结构。故选A。 23．句意：男孩子们正在踢足球。The boys主语；are playing谓语；football宾语。属于S + V + O结构。故选B。 24．句意：男孩子们正在公园里玩。The boys主语；are playing in the park谓语。属于S + V结构。故选A。 25．句意：温度下降了。The temperature 主语；drops谓语。属于S + V。故选A。 26．句意：米莉放风筝。Millie主语；flies谓语；a kite宾语。属于S + V + O。故选B。 27．句意：天空是蓝色的。The sky 主语；is 系动词；blue表语。属于S + V + P结构。故选C。 28．句意：叶子变黄了。The leaves主语；turn系动词；yellow表语。属于S + V + P结构。故选C。 题型一 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 My favourite place is the zoo near my school. There I can see many 1 (animal), such as pandas, tigers, lions, elephants, 2 (wolf), giraffes and penguins. The 3 (lion) are from South Africa. They are 4 (scare) and many people are afraid of them. The penguins are 5 Antarctica. They can’t fly 6 other birds, but they can swim very fast. I like pandas because they are a symbol of China. They are cute, but 7 little shy. I also like the elephant and the giraffe. The elephant 8 (be) from Thailand. She is smart. She often 9 (play) with water. She can walk for a long time and never get lost. The giraffe is beautiful and 10 (friend) to people. Many animals are 11 danger. Why? Because people cut down trees or kill 12 (they). For example, people kill elephants 13 their ivory. Animals are our friends, 14 we should save them. I believe we can help them. Do you have any ways 15 (save) animals? Tell us! 【答案】 1．animals 2．wolves 3．lions 4．scary 5．from 6．like 7．a 8．is 9．plays 10．friendly 11．in 12．them 13．for 14．so 15．to save 【导语】本文作者介绍了自己最喜欢的动物园以及里面的一些动物，同时呼吁人们保护动物。 1．句意：在那里我可以看到许多动物，例如熊猫、老虎、狮子、大象、狼、长颈鹿和企鹅。根据“many”可知，空处使用名词复数形式animals。故填animals。 2．句意：在那里我可以看到许多动物，例如熊猫、老虎、狮子、大象、狼、长颈鹿和企鹅。根据“elephants… giraffes and penguins.”可知，此处与“elephants”、“giraffes”、“penguins”等并列，应用wolf的复数形式。故填wolves。 3．句意：这些狮子来自南非。根据“are”及提示词可知，空处用名词复数“lions”作主语，故填lions。 4．句意：它们很可怕很多人都害怕它们。根据“are”及可提示词知，此处用动词scare的形容词scary“吓人的”，作表语，用于介绍这些动物的特点，故填scary。 5．句意：企鹅来自南极洲。根据“The penguins are…Antarctica.”可知，此处指“来自南极洲”，be from“来自”，故填from。 6．句意：它们不能像其他鸟类一样飞翔，但它们可以游泳游得非常快。根据“They can’t fly…other birds”可知，此处指“像其它鸟一样飞”，like“像……”，介词。故填like。 7．句意：它们很可爱但是有点害羞。根据“…little shy”可知，此处指“有点害羞”，a little“有点”，固定搭配，修饰形容词“shy”，故填a。 8．句意：这只大象来自泰国。根据“The elephant…from Thailand.”可知，本句时态是一般现在时，主语the elephant是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 9．句意：她经常玩水。本句的时态是一般现在时，主语是She，动词用第三人称单数，故填plays。 10．句意：长颈鹿很美丽并且对人们很友好。根据“The giraffe is beautiful and…to people.”及提示词可知，此处指“对人们很友好”，be friendly to“对……友好”，空处用形容词作表语，friend的形容词形式为friendly。故填friendly。 11．句意：许多动物处于危险之中。根据后文“Many animals are…danger.”可知，in danger“处于危险之中”，固定短语，故填in。 12．句意：因为人们砍伐树木和杀害它们。根据“kill…”及提示词可知，空处作“kill”的宾语，用宾格代词them“它们”,故填them。 13．句意：人们为了大象的象牙而杀害它们。根据“people kill elephants…their ivory”可知，此处指“为了它们的象牙”，表目的，用介词“for”，故填for。 14．句意：动物是我们的朋友，因此我们应该拯救它们。根据“Animals are our friends…we should save them.”可知，空格前后为因果关系，前因后果，所以用so连接，故填so。 15．句意：你有一些拯救动物的方法吗？根据“ways”可知，空处用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to save。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词 (有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式)。 My name is Ricky. I have a farm. I live on the farm 1 my family. My wife and I have two 2 (son) and they are Tom and Joe. We have our favourite animals and we look after 3 (difference) animals. My favourite animal is the horse. There 4 ten horses on the farm. I love all my horses. I regard (把……视为) 5 (they) as my “children”. My wife 6 (like) the cows best. She looks after cows, goats and sheep. Every day she gives them hay (草料) 7 (eat). Her favourite cow is a cow 8 (call) Withy. My older son Tom likes ducks 9 (good). He takes care 10 ducks and chickens. He 11 (usual) feeds them corn (谷物). He often says it’s very 12 (relax) to watch ducks walk around. My younger son Joe looks after rabbits. His favourite rabbit is Bunny. Bunny has a short tail 13 two long ears. It is so 14 (play) and friendly. Joe also enjoys 15 (dress) Bunny in cute small T-shirts. 【答案】 1．with 2．sons 3．different 4．are 5．them 6．likes 7．to eat 8．called 9．best 10．of 11．usually 12．relaxing 13．and 14．playful 15．dressing 【导语】本文主要讲述了Ricky一家在农场的生活以及他们各自喜爱的动物。 1．句意：我和我的家人住在农场。根据“my family”可知，此处指与家人住在一起。live with sb. 表示“和某人一起生活”。故填with。 2．句意：我和妻子有两个儿子，他们叫Tom和Joe。空处位于“two”后，填可数名词复数。son“儿子”，可数名词，复数为sons。故填sons。 3．句意：我们有我们最喜欢的动物，且我们照顾不同的动物。空处位于名词“animals”前，填形容词作定语。difference“差异”，名词，形容词为different“不同的”。故填different。 4．句意：农场里有十匹马。描述事实用一般现在时。此句为There be句型。主语“horses”是复数，be动词用are。故填are。 5．句意：我把它们当作我的“孩子”。空处位于动词“regard”后，填宾格作宾语。they“他们”，主格，宾格是them。故填them。 6．句意：我妻子最喜欢奶牛。描述事实用一般现在时。主语“My wife”是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式作谓语。like“喜欢”，动词，三单形式为likes。故填likes。 7．句意：每天她给它们草料吃。空处填动词不定式作目的状语，表示喂草料的目的。eat“吃”，动词，不定式为to eat。故填to eat。 8．句意：她最喜欢的奶牛是一只叫Withy的奶牛。空处填动词过去分词作后置定语，表示被动意义。call“称呼”，动词，过去分词为called。故填called。 9．句意：我的大儿子Tom最喜欢鸭子。根据“My wife likes the cows best.”可知，此处指Tom最喜欢鸭子。like…best表示“最喜欢……”。故填best。 10．句意：他照顾鸭子和鸡。根据“takes care”可知，此处指照顾鸭子和鸡。take care of“照顾”。故填of。 11．句意：他通常喂它们谷物。空处修饰动词“feeds”，填副词。usual“通常的”，形容词，副词为usually。故填usually。 12．句意：他常说看鸭子走来走去很放松。此句为“It is+形容词+to do sth”“做某事是……的”结构。空处填形容词，修饰看鸭子走路这件事。relax“放松”，动词，修饰事的形容词为relaxing“令人放松的”。故填relaxing。 13．句意：Bunny有一条短尾巴和两只长耳朵。此句中“a short tail”和“two long ears”是并列成分，用表示并列关系的连词and连接。故填and。 14．句意：它非常有趣和友好。空处位于“is”后，修饰“It”，填形容词作表语。play“玩”，动词，形容词是playful“爱嬉戏的”。故填playful。 15．句意：Joe也喜欢给Bunny穿可爱的小T恤。enjoy doing sth表示“喜欢做某事”，空处填动名词。dress“穿衣”，动词，动名词为dressing。故填dressing。 题型二 阅读理解 Last Sunday, Mary went to the Guangzhou Ocean Park to watch the dolphin show with her parents and brother. Mary felt excited when she saw the dolphins play with balls, go through rings and dance with the trainers. After watching the show, she became more interested in dolphins and wanted to know about the animals, so she looked up more information about dolphins on the Internet. Communication (交流) Every dolphin has its own “name”. And the “name” is a special whistle (哨声). When a dolphin is born, it usually has an unusual whistle for itself. Dolphins “talk” to each other about a lot of things, such as their age, feelings, and finding food. They also use sounds and body language to communicate. Play Dolphins live in groups, and they often join others from different groups to play games and have fun, just like people. Scientists believe only smart animals can play together. Teamwork Dolphins make plans for getting things they want like people. In the seas of southern Brazil, when there are fish near a boat, dolphins make a sound to the fishermen. Then the fishermen put their nets in the water to catch fish. Why do dolphins assist the fishermen? That’s because they can eat some of the fish from the fishermen. 1．What didn’t the dolphins do during the dolphin show? A．Went through rings. B．Caught fish. C．Played with balls. D．Danced. 2．What can we infer about dolphin communication from the text? A．Dolphins only communicate about finding food. B．Dolphins can communicate by sounds but not through body language. C．They share information about personal details like age and feelings. D．All the dolphins share one name. 3．Why do scientists think dolphins are smart animals? A．Because they can perform in ocean shows. B．Because they live in large groups underwater. C．Because they can play cooperatively (合作地) with others. D．Because they communicate by using special whistles. 4．What does the underlined word “assist” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Help. B．Protect. C．Harm. D．Save. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了海豚的表演、交流、玩耍和团队合作等方面的特点。 1．细节理解题。根据“Mary felt excited when she saw the dolphins play with balls, go through rings and dance with the trainers.”可知，海豚表演中没有捕鱼行为。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Dolphins ‘talk’ to each other about a lot of things, such as their age, feelings, and finding food.”可知，海豚会分享年龄、感受等个人细节类信息。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Dolphins live in groups, and they often...Scientists believe only smart animals can play together.”可知，科学家认为海豚聪明是因为它们能合作玩耍。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“when there are fish near a boat...because they can eat some of the fish from the fishermen.”可知，提到渔民通过海豚发出的声音来捕鱼，故“assist”意为帮助。故选A。 Among the many amazing animals in the world, few are as strange and unusual as the octopus. There are around 300 different kinds of octopuses, and they come in all sizes! The smallest is only around 2.5 centimetres long, but some octopuses can grow up to more than five metres long. There was even an octopus over nine metres long! The octopus’s body is very interesting. All octopuses have eight arms. Their brain is not just in their head, but also in their arms! This helps them to think about and do more than one thing at once. Octopuses can also fit into small places because they do not have any bones! And did you know that octopuses have three hearts? These hearts work with different parts of the body. Octopuses can also do many amazing things. Most of them can change their colour and shape to look like plants or other sea animals, and they can also make ink. They keep it inside a very small bag in their body. When they produce ink, the ink makes it hard for other animals to see them. This helps the octopuses to get away fast. What’s more, when an octopus loses an arm, it can grow it back! 1．How many kinds of octopuses are there approximately? A．200. B．300. C．400. D．500. 2．Why can octopuses fit into small spaces? A．Because they have eight arms. B．Because they have a special brain distribution. C．Because they have no bones. D．Because they have three hearts. 3．What helps octopuses get away from predators quickly? A．Changing their size. B．Growing back lost arms. C．Their three-heart system. D．Producing ink. 4．From the fact that octopuses have brains in their arms, we can infer (推测) that ________. A．Octopuses have a simple nervous system B．Octopuses’ arms can perform complex tasks independently to some extent C．Octopuses don’t need their heads to survive D．Octopuses’ arms are not as important as their heads 5．If an octopus is in an environment full of predators, which ability is most likely to help it survive? A．Its ability to grow back lost arms. B．Its ability to change color and shape. C．Its three-heart system. D．Its small body size. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了章鱼的种类、身体结构及其特殊能力。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“There are around 300 different kinds of octopuses…”可知，大约有300种章鱼。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Octopuses can also fit into small places because they do not have any bones!”可知，因为它们没有骨头。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“When they produce ink, the ink makes it hard for other animals to see them. This helps the octopuses to get away fast.”可知，喷墨能够帮助章鱼快速逃离捕食者。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第2段“Their brain is not just in their head, but also in their arms! This helps them to think about and do more than one thing at once.”可知，章鱼大脑分布在头部和腕足，可同时处理多任务，由此推知，章鱼的腕足能独立完成复杂任务。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第3段“Most of them can change their colour and shape to look like plants or other sea animals…”可知，改变颜色和形状的能力可以帮助章鱼生存。故选B。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $