Unit 1 Section A （同步练习）（含答案解析）英语人教版2024八年级下册

英语人教版2024八年级下·同步训练 Unit 1 Time to Relax Section A 同步训练 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、用所给单词的汉语提示、首字母和适当形式填空 1．She wrote a beautiful (诗) to celebrate her friend’s birthday. 2．My pen ran out of (墨水) during the maths test, and I borrowed one from Tom. 3．It’s important to learn how to d with problems in a calm way. 4．She will m to finish her homework before dinner, even though she’s busy. 5．We often c about our favorite movies during lunch break. 6．The swimming (instruct) teaches me how to breathe correctly in the water. 7．What about (ski) on the snow with the help of the teacher? 8．—Why do you like (program) apps?—Because it’s creative and challenging. 9．My father seldom (express) his feelings, but we know he loves us deeply. 10．—The new ride in the East Lake Eye looks . —Come on! It’s worth trying. If you feel , just shout or hold my hand.(scare) 11． people may avoid challenges, while soldiers face danger bravely. (fear) 12．“Stop (push) others in line!” the teacher said angrily to the noisy students. 二、单项选择 13．My mother tells me ______ out late in the evening. A．not to stay B．doesn’t to stay C．to not stay D．not stay 14．—Why not shop in the shopping mall near your school? It has been the most popular shopping mall recently. —Oh! It’s too crowded. I prefer rather than . A．to go out; stay at home B．going out; stay at home C．staying at home;go out D．to stay at home; go out 15．—Do you feel like ________ Nobody with me tonight? —I’d love to, but my parents won’t let me ________ out too late. A．to watch; stay B．watching; stay C．to watch; to stay D．watching; to stay 16．My grandpa decided ________ smoking for his health. A．to give away B．give out C．giving back D．to give up 17．A mother tiger stays with her babies and takes care of them. She finds food for them and also teaches them ________ food. A．what to look for B．how to look for C．what to find out D．how to find out 18．My mother doesn’t allow me ________ out alone at night because it’s dangerous. A．go B．to go C．going D．went 19．Sometimes I find physics problems are too hard for me to ________. A．work out them B．work them out C．work out D．be worked out 20．He ________ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake (地震) area ________. A．gave out; to give them up B．gave away; help out them C．gave out; give them up D．gave away; to help them out 21．Don’t forget ________ the light before going out. A．to turn off B．turning off C．turns off D．turned off 22．As soon as the school bell rings, the kids can’t wait ________ out to play football on the playground. A．going B．go C．to go D．went 23．After I worked hard on maths, I found it easier for me ________ the problems. A．work out B．worked out C．to work out D．working out 24．Alice’s parents expected her ________ a doctor, but she turned out to be an architect. A．be B．to be C．being D．will be 25．________ the final exam, Jack refused ________ with his friends last weekend. A．To pass; to go out B．Passing; going out C．To pass; going out D．Passing; to go out 26．Max’s parents always encourage him_________ out his opinions. A．to speak B．speaking C．will speak D．speaks 三、完形填空 完形填空 Nowadays, more and more teenagers have too much pressure. They find their schoolbags are getting heavier and hours they spend on their homework are becoming 27 . They think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies. But their parents think the hobbies can 28 their schoolwork. Should parents allow their children 29 their own decisions? Liu Ying, a fifteen-year-old girl, is a singing star at school. She always wanted to be a professional singer when she grew up. 30 , her parents don’t want her to practice singing because they think their daughter should study hard to get good grades and go to a good university. “She needs to spend more time 31 her homework because it’s difficult to become a professional singing star, ” says her father. But Liu Ying really 32 . “I know my parents care about me. And they hope that I will have a better life in the future. But I am 33 singing. I should be allowed to make my own decision. Only then will I have a chance to 34 my dream, ” says Liu Ying. Doctors say lots of pressure 35 bad for children’s development. Society should pay more attention to the health of teenagers. Parents have to own the 36 attitude (态度) towards the students’ development. Although it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even more important to have healthy and happy children! 27．A．longer B．shorter C．less D．fewer 28．A．put down B．put out C．get out of D．get in the way of 29．A．make B．to make C．making D．made 30．A．However B．Though C．But D．So 31．A．with B．for C．in D．on 32．A．agrees B．minds C．dislikes D．disagrees 33．A．angry with B．serious about C．sorry for D．pleased with 34．A．miss B．know C．achieve D．change 35．A．are B．were C．is D．was 36．A．wrong B．correct C．hard D．simple 四、完成句子 37．She told me to keep practicing kung fu. (改为否定句) She told me keep practicing kung fu. 38．They often go to the cafe to chat with friends. (对划线部分提问) they often go to the cafe? 39．She spent three hours learning to play the guitar yesterday. (同义句转换) It her three hours to play the guitar yesterday. 40．She manages her time well, so she can enjoy both study and hobbies. (同义句转换) She manages her time well enjoy both study and hobbies. 41．I relax by listening to music in my free time. (改为同义句) I listen to music in my free time. 42．Keeping a diary is a good way to record daily life.（改为同义句） a good way to record daily life by keeping a diary. 43．He went to the sports center because he wanted to try ice skating.（同义句转换） He went to the sports center ice skating. 44．今晚在哪里吃饭由你来决定。（汉译英） It’s you to decide where to have dinner tonight. 45．必须克服语言障碍才能交到新朋友。（汉译英） We must language barriers to make new friends. 46．你应该养成按时完成作业的习惯。（汉译英） You should the habit of finishing your homework on time 47．即使失败，也要尝试——你会学到东西！（汉译英） Even if you fail, —you’ll learn something! 48.他们仍然是最好的朋友，尽管他们只是偶尔联系一下。（汉译英） They remain best friends even though they just connect with each other . 49．所有学生都想去山里郊游，欣赏美丽的风景。（汉译英） All the students want to to the mountains to enjoy the beautiful scenery. 50．on   to   gives up   she   seat   bus   someone   the   always   her   in   need（完成句子） 五、阅读理解 A lot of people take up dancing as a hobby after school. In fact, dancing has been seen as one of the best exercises to fight bad feelings in recent years. Dancing, which includes moving the body to different kinds of music, helps our bodies produce much endorphin (内啡肽) that makes us feel relaxed and happy. While simply listening to music or doing sports can cheer us up, mixing them together gives better results. In a study, a group of German scientists tested some patients under three conditions: a group dancing to music, a group just listening to music, and a group riding bikes without music. The results showed that the first group were the least down. Dancing can improve our sense of social bonding, too. Some social dances require us to move with others, which can bring people together, according to IBSA, a Swiss scientific foundation (基金会). Dancing also helps people leave bad feelings behind. Studies have found that depression (沮丧) often has to do with sadness about the past or worries about the future. However, dancing helps you focus on the present, connect with your body, and free your mind for a while, as reported by Psych Central, a mental (精神的) health news website. Lauren Helper, a social worker in the US, pointed out that if people enjoy music of any kind, dancing can be a helpful way to reduce stress. She also said that dancing can take any form, whether it’s moving around the house to a song or going out dancing with friends. “The important part of movement is that it is fun,” she told Psych Central. 51．Which group of patients felt the best from the German scientists’ study? A．The group dancing to music. B．The group listening to music. C．The group singing along with music. D．The group riding bikes without music. 52．What does the underlined word “bonding” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Stress. B．Spirit. C．Connection. D．Knowledge. 53．What can we infer from Lauren Helper’s words? A．Dancing can help people free their mind. B．Dancing can make people close to each other. C．People must dance by moving around the house. D．People can reduce stress by dancing to any music. 54．What is the text mainly about? A．The benefits of dancing. B．The ideas of keeping healthy. C．The ways to produce endorphin. D．The keys to fighting bad feelings. 参考答案与解析 一、填词 1．poem【详解】句意：她写了一首优美的诗来庆祝朋友的生日。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处表示“诗”，poem“诗”，为可数名词，a后接可数名词单数。故填poem。 2．ink【详解】句意：数学考试时我的钢笔没墨水了，于是向Tom借了一支。根据“My pen ran out of...”可知空格处位于介词“of”后，作介词of的宾语，需填名词。中文提示“墨水”对应的英文为“ink”。故填ink。 3．deal/eal【详解】句意：学会如何冷静地处理问题是很重要的。根据“with problems in a calm way”及首字母提示可知，此处是指冷静处理问题，应用动词deal表示“处理”。deal with“处理”，固定短语，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填deal。 4．manage/anage【详解】句意：尽管她很忙，但她会设法在晚饭前完成作业。结合首字母“m”和“设法（做某事）”的语义可知，对应的短语是“manage to do sth.(设法做某事)”，“will”后接动词原形。故填manage。 5．chat/hat【详解】句意：我们经常在午休时间聊我们最喜欢的电影。根据“about our favorite movies during lunch break”及首字母提示可知，此处是指聊喜欢的电影，应用动词chat表示“聊天”。根据“often”可知，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填chat。 6．instructor【详解】句意：游泳教练教我如何在水中正确呼吸。instruct“指导，教授”，为动词，此处需要用名词形式instructor表示“教练”，符合语境。故填instructor。 7．skiing【详解】句意：在老师的帮助下在雪上滑雪怎么样？根据“What about”可知，其后通常接动名词形式，表示建议或询问某事如何。ski“滑雪”，动词，其动名词形式为skiing。What about doing sth.“做某事怎么样”。故填skiing。 8．programming【详解】句意：——你为什么喜欢编程类应用？——因为它既有创意又有挑战性。空格处需要一个定语来修饰后面的名词apps，说明这些apps的属性。program作动词时，意为“编写程序，设计程序”；动词要作定语修饰名词，需变为动名词形式，故填programming。 9．expresses【详解】句意：我父亲很少表达他的感情，但我们知道他深深地爱着我们。express“表达”，根据“know”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是My father，谓语动词用三单形式。故填expresses。 10．scary scared【详解】句意：——东湖之眼这个新的游乐设施看起来很吓人。——来吧！值得一试。如果你感到害怕，就喊出来或者抓住我的手。第一空，根据“looks”可知，此处应填形容词作表语，主语是The new ride in the East Lake Eye，所以填scary“令人害怕的”，用来描述事物的特征；第二空，根据“feel”可知，此处应填形容词作表语，主语是you，所以填scared“感到害怕的”，用来描述人的感受。故填scary；scared。 11． Fearful fearless【详解】句意：胆怯的人可能逃避挑战，而无畏的士兵们勇敢面对危险。根据“avoid challenges”可知，第一个空表示胆怯的人，fearful意为“胆怯的；害怕的”，句首首字母要大写；根据“face danger bravely”可知，第二个空表示无畏的人，fearless意为“无畏的；勇敢的”。故填Fearful；fearless。 12．pushing【详解】句意：“别在队伍里推别人了！”老师生气地对吵闹的学生们说。根据动词stop的用法，stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事”，句中老师让学生停止推人的动作，push为动词“推”，其动名词形式为pushing。故填pushing。 二、单项选择 13．A【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我晚上不要在外面待得太晚。考查动词不定式的否定形式。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”。故选A。 14．D【详解】句意：——为什么不去你学校附近的购物中心购物呢？它最近是最受欢迎的购物中心。——哦！那里太拥挤了。我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。考查非谓语动词。to go out; stay at home出去；待在家里；going out; stay at home出去；待在家里；staying at home; go out待在家里；出去；to stay at home; go out待在家里；出去。根据“prefer...rather than...”的固定用法，prefer后接动词不定式（to do），rather than后接动词原形，且根据前文“It’s too crowded”可知说话人因为拥挤更愿意待在家里，而不是出去。故选D。 15．B【详解】句意：——你今晚想和我一起看《Nobody》吗？——我很想去，但我爸妈不让我在外面待太晚。考查动词短语。to watch观看，动词不定式；stay停留，动词原形；watching观看，动词现在分词/动名词； to stay停留，动词不定式。根据“feel like”可知，feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，其后应用动名词形式，排除AC选项；根据“but my parents won’t let me...out too late.”可知，let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”,其后应用动词原形。故选B。 16．D【详解】句意：我的爷爷为了他的健康决定戒烟。考查动词短语及非谓语动词。give away捐赠；give out分发；give back归还；give up放弃。decide to do sth.决定做某事，排除BC；根据“for his health”可知，此处表示为了健康而戒烟，用give up smoking表示“戒烟”。故选D。 17．B【详解】句意：母老虎会和幼崽待在一起并照顾它们。它会为幼崽觅食，还会教它们如何寻找食物。考查疑问词+不定式的用法及动词短语辨析。what to look for寻找什么；how to look for如何寻找；what to find out查明什么；how to find out如何查明。look for强调动作，而find out强调经过调查、探究后的结果。根据“She finds food for them and also teaches…”语境可知，此处指母老虎教幼崽寻找食物的方式，强调过程，用how to look for。故选B。 18．B【详解】句意：我妈妈不允许我晚上独自外出，因为这很危险。 考查非谓语动词。根据“My mother doesn’t allow me...out alone at night”可知，此处是allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，为固定结构，所以空处应用不定式形式。故选B。 19．C【详解】句意：有时我发现物理问题对我来说太难了而解不出来。考查动词短语。work out解决。根据“Sometimes I find physics problem are too hard for me to”可知，此处是指解不出物理题，句子已出现“physics problems”，同一句话无需再次使用代词指代，排除A/B选项；且此处逻辑主语是me，因此用不定式的主动形式。故选C。 20．D【详解】句意：他捐赠了大量的钱给地震灾区的人们，以帮助他们摆脱困境。考查动词短语及动词不定式。give out分发；give away捐赠；give up放弃；help out帮助摆脱困境。第一空表示“捐赠钱”，用“give away”，根据语境，本句是过去时态，“give away”的过去式是“gave away”；第二空用动词不定式“to help them out”作目的状语，说明捐赠钱的目的。故选D。 21．A【详解】句意：出门前别忘了关灯。考查非谓语动词。根据“before going out”可知，此处指别忘了去做关灯这件事。forget to do sth表示“忘记要做某事”，指还未做。空处用不定式形式的to turn off。故选A。 22．C【详解】句意：学校铃声一响，孩子们就迫不及待地出去到操场上踢足球。考查非谓语动词。going动名词/现在分词；go动词原形；to go动词不定式；went动词过去式。根据固定短语“can’t wait to do sth.”可知，此处需填动词不定式。故选C。 23．C【详解】句意：在我努力学习数学后，我发现解决这些问题对我来说更容易了。考查it作形式宾语的固定句型和非谓语动词。分析句子“I found it easier for me…the problems.”，结合选项可知，该句结构为：“主语+find it+adj. +for sb. +to do sth.” ，所以此处应用动词不定式to work out，作真宾语。故选C。 24．B【详解】句意：爱丽丝的父母希望她成为一名医生，但她却成为了一名建筑师。考查非谓语动词。expect sb. to do sth.“期待某人做某事”，动词短语，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 25．A【详解】句意：为了通过期末考试，上周末Jack拒绝与朋友外出。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Jack refused...with his friends last weekend.”可知，这里表示目的，用不定式“To pass the final exam”最恰当，表示“为了通过期末考试”。“refuse”后接不定式“to go out”表示拒绝去做某事，也是常用搭配，故空格处应分别填“To pass”和“to go out”。故选A。 26．A【详解】句意：Max的父母一直在鼓励他说出他的意见。考查动词不定式的用法。encourage sb to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，to后跟动词原形。故选A。 三、完形填空 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．C 36．B 【解析】本文讨论青少年学习压力过大，父母与孩子在兴趣爱好与学业间的冲突，通过15岁女孩刘颖想成为歌手却遭父母反对的例子，强调父母应允许孩子追梦，并呼吁社会关注青少年健康成长。 27．句意：他们发现书包越来越重，花在作业上的时间越来越长。 longer更长的；shorter更短的；less更少的；fewer更少的。根据“schoolbags are getting heavier”可知，作业负担加重，时间变长。故选A。 28．句意：但他们的父母认为爱好会妨碍学业。 put down放下；put out扑灭；get out of摆脱；get in the way of妨碍。根据“But”表示转折可知，父母担心孩子的爱好影响学习。故选D。   29．句意：父母应该允许孩子自己做决定吗？ make做；to make去做；making做（动名词）；made做（过去式）。此处是“allow sb. to do sth.”结构，应该使用动词不定式to make，故选B。   30．句意：然而，她的父母却不希望她练习唱歌，因为他们认为女儿应该努力学习，取得好成绩，考上好大学。 However然而，独立在句子之外；Though虽然；But但是；So所以。根据“She always wanted to be a professional singer when she grew up.”和“her parents don’t want her to practice singing because they think their daughter should study hard to get good grades and go to a good university.”可知，父母反对与刘颖梦想形成转折关系，故选A。   31．句意：“她应该把更多时间花在 作业上，因为成为职业歌星很难，”她的父亲说道。 with与；for为了；in在；on在……上。spend more time on sth.“在……花时间”，是固定搭配，故选D。   32．句意：但刘颖真的不同意。 agrees同意；minds在意；dislikes不喜欢；disagrees不同意。根据“I should be allowed to make my own decision.”可知，刘颖想自己做决定，因此对父母的想法她持反对意见，故选D。   33．句意：但是我对唱歌很认真。 angry with生气；serious about认真；sorry for抱歉；pleased with满意。根据“She always wanted to be a professional singer when she grew up.”可知，刘颖痴迷于唱歌，因此对唱歌很认真，故选B。   34．句意：只有这样我才有实现梦想的机会。 miss错过；know知道；achieve实现；change改变。根据“She always wanted to be a professional singer when she grew up.”可知，这是刘颖想实现的梦想，故选C。 35．句意：医生说大量压力对儿童发展有害。 are是（复数）；were是（过去）；is是（单数）；was是（过去）。主语“lots of pressure”不可数，且陈述的是客观现实，用一般现在时，用is。故选C。 36．句意：父母对学生的成长应持有正确的态度。 wrong错误的；correct正确的；hard困难的；simple简单的。根据“it’s even more important to have healthy and happy children”可知，应持正确态度，故选B。 四、完成句子 37． not to 【详解】句意：她叫我继续练习功夫。原句为含有动词不定式的宾语补足语结构，改为否定句时，在不定式符号to前加not。故填not；to。 38． Why do 【详解】句意：他们经常去咖啡馆和朋友聊天。划线部分“to chat with friends”表示去咖啡馆的目的，对目的提问应用特殊疑问词why。原句是一般现在时，主语they是第三人称复数，助动词应用do。位于句首首字母需大写。故填Why；do。 39． took to learn 【详解】句意：昨天她花了三个小时学习弹吉他。改为同义句，应用It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.“做某事花费某人多少时间”，句子为一般过去时，动词用took，learning应该为to learn。故填took；to；learn。 40． in order to 【详解】句意：她时间管理得很好，因此能兼顾学习和爱好。 原句中“so she can enjoy both study and hobbies”表示结果，可用不定式的目的状语结构“in order to+动词原形”进行同义转换，两者都表示“为了，以便”。故填in；order；to。 41． to relax 【详解】句意：我在空闲时间通过听音乐来放松。“by doing sth.”表示“通过做某事（的方式）”，而“to do sth.”表示“为了做某事（的目的）”，二者在这里都可以表达“听音乐”是为了“放松”这一目的，因此可以互换。故填to；relax。 42． It is 【详解】句意：记日记是记录日常生活的好方法。原句用动名词短语“Keeping a diary”作主语，同义句用“It is”构成形式主语句型，“It”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to record daily life by keeping a diary”，这是英语中避免头重脚轻的常用改写方式。故填It；is。 43． to try 【详解】句意：他去体育中心是因为他想尝试滑冰。原句中“because he wanted to try ice skating”表示目的，意为“因为想尝试滑冰”，可转换为表达目的的不定式短语“to try ice skating”，使句子更简洁，意思不变。故填to；try。 44． up to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少的信息为“由……来决定”，It’s up to sb. to do sth.“由某人来决定做某事”。故填up；to。 45． get over 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“克服”。get over意为“克服”，动词短语，情态动词must后接动词原形。故填get；over。 46． get into 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“养成”的英文表达。“get into the habit of”是固定短语，意为“养成……的习惯”；情态动词“should”后接动词原形，故填get ；into。 47． give it a go 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“尝试”。give it a go为固定短语，意为“试一试；尝试一下”，符合语境。故填give；it；a；go。 48． once in a while 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句子缺少“偶尔”的英文表达；once in a while“偶尔”，副词短语，在句中作时间状语。故填once；in；a；while。 49． go on an outing 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，填空处为“去郊游”，go on an outing“去郊游”，是固定搭配，want to do sth.“想做某事”，是固定搭配。故填go；on；an；outing。 50．She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need./She always gives up her seat to someone in need on the bus./On the bus, she always gives up her seat to someone in need. 【详解】分析所给词可知，本句是主谓宾结构的陈述句；she“她”是主语，always“总是”是副词，修饰谓语动词；gives up是谓语动词短语，意为“让出”；her seat“她的座位”是宾语；on the bus“在公交车上”是介词短语作地点状语，说明动作发生的场所；“to someone in need”介词短语，说明让出座位的对象是“有需要的人”。故填She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need./She always gives up her seat to someone in need on the bus.“她总是在公交车上把座位让给有需要的人。”/On the bus, she always gives up her seat to someone in need.“在公交车上，她总是把座位让给有需要的人。” 五、阅读理解 51．A 52．C 53．D 54．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了舞蹈的诸多益处，包括缓解不良情绪、增进社交联结以及帮助人们摆脱负面情绪等。 51．细节理解题。根据“In a study, a group of German scientists tested some patients under three conditions: a group dancing to music, a group just listening to music, and a group riding bikes without music. The results showed that the first group were the least down.”可知，德国科学家研究中，跟着音乐跳舞的小组情绪最低落的程度最低，即感觉最好。故选A。 52．词句猜测题。根据“Some social dances require us to move with others, which can bring people together”可知，社交舞蹈需要和他人一起舞动，能让人们聚在一起，由此可推测bonding意为“联结”。选项中Connection意为“联系、联结”，与“bonding”语义相近。故选C。 53．推理判断题。根据“Lauren Helper... pointed out that if people enjoy music of any kind, dancing can be a helpful way to reduce stress.”可知，Lauren Helper指出如果人们喜欢任何一种音乐，跳舞都是缓解压力的有效方式，由此可推断人们可以通过跟着任何音乐跳舞来减轻压力。故选D。 54．主旨大意题。文章围绕舞蹈展开，依次介绍了舞蹈能产生内啡肽缓解不良情绪、增进社交联结、帮助人们摆脱负面情绪以及缓解压力等内容，均是舞蹈的益处，因此本文主要讲述的是舞蹈的好处。故选A。 2 / 12 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $