Unit 5 working the land 重点词汇词形精练-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 5 Working the land 一．重点词汇词形拓展 1．expand vt.& vi. 扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务)→____________ n. 扩大；扩张；扩充 2．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的　n. 化学制品；化学品→___________ n. 化学→____________ adv. 化学上地→____________ n. 化学家；药剂师 3．generate vt. 产生；引起→_____________ n. 产生，一代，一辈 4．devote vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→___________ n. 奉献；忠诚；挚爱→_____________ adj. 忠实的；投入的 5．assumption n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得→___________ v. 假定；设想；承担(责任)→_____________ conj. 假定；假设 6．entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→___________ adj. 全部的；完全的 7．consumption n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→___________ vt. 消耗；消费；吃；喝→___________n. 消费者；用户；客户 8．shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺→_________ adj. 短的；矮的；缺乏的；简略的→___________ v. (使)变短；缩短 9．extension n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→__________ vt. 伸开；展开；延伸 10．nutritional adj. 营养(物)的→_____________ adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的→___________ n. 营养；滋养 11．convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→____________ adj. 有说服力的；使人信服的→__________adj. 确信的；坚信的 12．depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→_______ adj. 深的→_________ adv. 深深地；强烈地→____________ vt. 加深；(使)变深 二．用所给单词的正确形式填空 1． The festival was really a feast, ____________(entire) holding me in its power. 2．He is so ____________ to his English teaching that everyone admired him for his __________ to the education cause.(devote) 3．On the _____________ that I am chosen as the chairman, I will definitely ___________ relevant responsibility.(assume) 4．If you study _____________,__you will witness thrilling ___________ reactions in experiments.(chemical) 5．We will discuss the problem in __________ to deepen our understanding so that we can understand it _____________．(depth) 6．More and more countries in the world are _________of water, because global water __________ are becoming increasingly serious.(short) 7．I'm fully ____________ that it's a good way to get close to nature and help you know more about your companions. Do you think it is ______________? (convince) 8．He created his works ______________,_so some people found his art dull and _____________. (convention) 9．We have ______________ so much energy. We need to cut down on our fuel ____________ by having fewer cars on the road. (consume) 10．She's a professor of ______________ at Columbia University, so she knows about the ____________ foods. (nutrition) 三．语境中填单词 1．In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to __________ (使增长) self­confidence at any time. 2．It is _____________ (完全必要的) that you have related professional knowledge, or you won't be given a chance to apply for the position. 3．I will try my best to ___________ (克服) the barriers I come across and I will never give up. 4．Higher－rate deposit accounts __________ (产生) good returns. 5．The plan received _____________ (广泛的) support throughout the country. 6．It is ____________ (估计) that the stubborn boy can't find an appropriate way to get out of the trap. 7．Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high __________(产量) in 1973. 8．It's not a hotel, in the ________________(传统的) sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel. 9．Apart from what you have mentioned above, do you have any ____________ (可供替代的) plan? 10．The construction of China Space Station shows our country has ____________ (获得) great success in space science. 11．The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water ____________ (短缺). 12．They ____________ (扩展) their retail operations significantly during the 1980s. 13．Then one Christmas I received a surprise gift—a large, beautifully made wooden chest. My son Bruce had made my Grandma's Box a _____________ (现实)． 14. The ____________(化学的) industry produces such things as petro chemicals, drugs, paint and rubber. 15．The storm caused ______________ (广泛的) damage. 16．Most babies can ____________ (消化) a wide range of food easily. 17．Government support will be ____________ (极其重要的) if the project is to succeed. 18．The place wasn't _____________ (完全地) authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 19．While running every ____________ (方面) of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp. 四．短语翻译 1．____________ 构思，设计 2．________________把……用于；献身；致力；专心 3．_________________ 包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) 4．__________________ 使……无……的 5．______________________ 决定做 6．_________________ 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 7．________________ 例如；比如 8．_________________ 完全没有；远不及 9．________________ 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 10．________________ 远离；远非 选用上述短语的正确形式填空 1．Although I was angry at his words, ______________ I knew most of what he said was right. 2．The result of the match is _____________ satisfaction, but all the players tried their best in the match. 3．Our class _________________ 30 boys and 25 girls, all of whom demonstrate respect to teachers. 4．Everyone can make great contributions to protecting our natural resources. ______________,__we can save lots of gases by riding a bike or walking instead of driving. 5．We've managed to ___________ the garden ___________ weeds this year. 6．These behavioral changes may _____________ be harmful to the health. 7．For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has _______________ re­creating long­forgotten techniques. 8．She ______________a cleaner at the hospital. 9．Conditions are still _______________ ideal. 答案： 一．重点词汇词形拓展 1．expand vt.& vi. 扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务)→expansion n. 扩大；扩张；扩充 2．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的　n. 化学制品；化学品→chemistry n. 化学→chemically adv. 化学上地→chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 3．generate vt. 产生；引起→generation n. 产生，一代，一辈 4．devote vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n. 奉献；忠诚；挚爱→devoted adj. 忠实的；投入的 5．assumption n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得→assume v. 假定；设想；承担(责任)→assuming conj. 假定；假设 6．entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→entire adj. 全部的；完全的 7．consumption n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→consume vt. 消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumer n. 消费者；用户；客户 8．shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺→short adj. 短的；矮的；缺乏的；简略的→shorten v. (使)变短；缩短 9．extension n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend vt. 伸开；展开；延伸 10．nutritional adj. 营养(物)的→nutritious adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的→nutrition n. 营养；滋养 11．convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj. 有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj. 确信的；坚信的 12．depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj. 深的→deeply adv. 深深地；强烈地→deepen vt. 加深；(使)变深 二．用所给单词的正确形式填空 1． The festival was really a feast, entirely (entire) holding me in its power. 2．He is so devoted to his English teaching that everyone admired him for his devotion to the education cause.(devote) 3．On the assumption that I am chosen as the chairman, I will definitely assume relevant responsibility.(assume) 4．If you study chemistry,__you will witness thrilling chemical reactions in experiments.(chemical) 5．We will discuss the problem in depth to deepen our understanding so that we can understand it deeply．(depth) 6．More and more countries in the world are short of water, because global water shortages are becoming increasingly serious.(short) 7．I'm fully convinced that it's a good way to get close to nature and help you know more about your companions. Do you think it is convincing? (convince) 8．He created his works conventionally,_so some people found his art dull and conventional. (convention) 9．We have consumed so much energy. We need to cut down on our fuel consumption by having fewer cars on the road. (consume) 10．She's a professor of nutrition at Columbia University, so she knows about the nutritious foods. (nutrition) 三．语境中填单词 1．In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost (使增长) self­confidence at any time. 2．It is essential (完全必要的) that you have related professional knowledge, or you won't be given a chance to apply for the position. 3．I will try my best to overcome (克服) the barriers I come across and I will never give up. 4．Higher－rate deposit accounts yield (产生) good returns. 5．The plan received widespread (广泛的) support throughout the country. 6．It is estimated (估计) that the stubborn boy can't find an appropriate way to get out of the trap. 7．Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output (产量) in 1973. 8．It's not a hotel, in the conventional (传统的) sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel. 9．Apart from what you have mentioned above, do you have any alternative (可供替代的) plan? 10．The construction of China Space Station shows our country has attained (获得) great success in space science. 11．The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage (短缺). 12．They expanded (扩展) their retail operations significantly during the 1980s. 13．Then one Christmas I received a surprise gift—a large, beautifully made wooden chest. My son Bruce had made my Grandma's Box a reality (现实)． 14. The chemical (化学的) industry produces such things as petro chemicals, drugs, paint and rubber. 15．The storm caused widespread (广泛的) damage. 16．Most babies can digest (消化) a wide range of food easily. 17．Government support will be essential (极其重要的) if the project is to succeed. 18．The place wasn't entirely (完全地) authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 19．While running every aspect (方面) of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp. 四．短语翻译 1．dream__up 构思，设计 2．devote__...__to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 3．be__comprised__of 包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) 4．keep__...__free__of 使……无……的 5．make__up__one's__mind__to__do 决定做 6．in__turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 7．for__instance 例如；比如 8．nowhere__near 完全没有；远不及 9．deep__down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 10．far__from 远离；远非 选用上述短语的正确形式填空 1．Although I was angry at his words, deep__down I knew most of what he said was right. 2．The result of the match is far__from/nowhere__near satisfaction, but all the players tried their best in the match. 3．Our class is__comprised__of 30 boys and 25 girls, all of whom demonstrate respect to teachers. 4．Everyone can make great contributions to protecting our natural resources. For__instance,__we can save lots of gases by riding a bike or walking instead of driving. 5．We've managed to keep the garden free__of weeds this year. 6．These behavioral changes may in__turn be harmful to the health. 7．For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted_herself_to re­creating long­forgotten techniques. 8．She worked_as a cleaner at the hospital. 9．Conditions are still far_from ideal. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $