上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷

华东师大二附中2025学年第一学期期末考试 高二英语 (考试时间：120分钟 卷面满分：140分) 命题人：王丹 审题人：吴楠 l.Listening Comprehension(听力播放时间：8：30-9：0o) Section A Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.In a hotel lobby. B.At a train station. C.At an airport. D.At a baggage claim area 2.A$8.B.$10. C.$14. D.$6. 3.A.He thinks the movie was disappointing B.He strongly agrees with the woman. C.He hasn't seen the movie yet. D.He found the movie better than expected. 4.A.Find a classmate to work with. B.Drop the physics course. C.Seek help directly from the professor. D.Reread the main concept. 5.A.The woman should order a vegetable pizza B.They should order dinner together. C.He will cook dinner for the woman. D.The woman should eat something healthier. 6.A5:00PM.B.5:10PM.C.5:30PM D.6:00PM 7.A.He found the book very useful. B.He didn't have time to read the book. C.He forgot to bring the book. D.He lost the book the woman lent him. 8.A.It lacked useful content. B.It was too theoretical. C.It was practical. D.It was unexpectedly successful. 9.A.She will definitely join the study group. B.She is unable to join due to other work. C.She is not interested in history. D.She thinks the group is not helpful. 10.A.He needs to buy a new laptop. B.He is in trouble for the meeting. C.He has finished his presentation. D.He needs help from the woman. Section B Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11.A.How to plant beautiful flowers in city parks. B.The importance of building bug hotels. C.A new trend of creating wildlife areas in parks. D.The best way to improve air quality in cities. 12.A.They are easier to grow than other plants. B.They provide food for creatures like bees. C.They look more beautiful than garden flowers. D.They are used to build bug hotels. 13.A.They get a safe place to live. B.They can buy local honey from the parks. C.They receive a better education in schools. D.They get a chance to learn about local nature. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A.To create vivid and emotional dreams. B.To transfer factual memories to permanent storage. C.To strip away painful emotions from memories. D.To find creative links between old and new ideas. 15.A.The brain hitting the'save button'on facts. B.The 'file transfer'from the hippocampus to the cortex. C.The brain's activity during deep Non-REM sleep. D.The removal of negative emotions from memories. 16.A.Sleep is an active,two-stage process essential for saving facts and emotional healing. B.REM sleep is more important and complex than Non-REM sleep. C.Most people misunderstand sleep and require more Non-REM sleep D.Neuroscientists have only recently discovered the 'file transfer'mechanism of sleep. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage. 17.A.Signing up for volunteer work for the University Open Day. B.Preparing for a graded class presentation. C.Planning a short weekend trip. D.Balancing a lab course with part-time jobs. 18.A.She can replace her lab course with volunteer hours. B.It will give her meal coupons and free bus tickets. C.She will meet the coordinator and get a T-shirt at once D.It builds skills and helps applications for scholarships. 19.A.It is this Wednesday at 4 p.m.in Room 402 of the library. B.It is next Wednesday at 4 p.m.in Room 204 of the Student Center. C.It is next Wednesday at 4:40 p.m.,held online. D.Volunteers must bring a student ID to be allowed in. 20.A.Take the Friday evening shift after her lab meeting ends. B.Choose the Saturday afternoon shift to avoid the crowd. C.Register for the Saturday morning shift and email Ms.Chen. D.Submit the application form and arrive at 9:00 when the shift begins. Il.Grammar Section A Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 21.I hope to set up our company in_will be a promising land,a place is full of opportunities. A.where;where B.where;that C.what;where D.what;that 22.It is a surprising and important gap,_health-workers and policymakers can't afford to ignore. A.one that B.where C.the ones D.that 23.I was told that it might be at least 10 years_it was possible to see a fully developed free trade zone. A.after B.before C.since D.until 24._a person embraces a meaningful dream,they should pursue it with unwavering determination_they see it realized. A.Once;until B.When;then C.Though;till D.Before;when 25.The innovative proposal by our dedicated team yesterday has been approved by the board,marking a significant leap forward in our sustainable development efforts. A.to submit B.being submitted C.having been submitted D.submitted 26._in 1842,Highclere is one of the most expensive houses in Britain,__more than 150 million pounds. A.Completing;worthy B.Completed;worth C.Having been completed;is worthy D.Completed;is worth 27.Venus has a dense atmosphere,__we know very little. A.its composition B.whose composition C.about which composition D.about whose composition 28.Social responsibility demands every individual_their part in fostering positive community change,no matter how small the contribution may seem. A.plays B.playing C.to play D.play 29.With her exceptional skills and positive attitude,the young engineer_to lead the star-up project to success. A.had expected B.will be expected C.is expected D.has expected 30.George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but I'd rather he_more on its culture because that reveals the essence of the nation beyond its physical appearance. A.focus B.focused C.would focus D.had focused 31.I'm not feeling well physically.It strikes me that I a personal fitness plan to keep myself healthier. A.should set up B.must have set up C.should have set up D.must set up 32.-Which of these samples can I take,Mr.Smith? -Take one you like and leave the others for_comes late. A.whoever;who B.whichever;whomever C.whatever;whom D.whichever;whoever 33.The true strength of an organization often lies in the informal support system__trust and collaboration can flourish freely outside of prescribed frameworks. A.that B.from where C.where D.for which 34."Those responsible for the accident_be punished while those contributing to solving the problems be rewarded."promised the official then and there. A.need B.shall C.must D.should 35.The celebrated author,who_tirelessly to give voice to marginalized communities in the past two decades,__a profound impact on social consciousness through her powerful narratives. A.has worked;had had B.is working;had C.worked;has D.has been working;has had 36._that the neglected park was transformed into a vibrant garden within a single season. A.Such was the collective resolve B.So great the collective resolve was C.So was the collective resolve D.The collective resolve was so Section B Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word:for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Killing Time,Not Your Mood:The Science Behind Better Queues You are at the airport baggage claim.The flight was long,but the walk to the carousel (was short. Now you stand there,staring at the empty belt.Minutes tick by.You get frustrated.This scenario illustrates a fundamental principle37_(discover)by airport executives in Houston years ago.Passengers complained endlessly about the wait for luggage.In response,the airport hired more handlers,successfully 38_(reduce)the wait to eight minutes.Surprisingly,complaints didn't stop. The executives then tried a counter-intuitive approach:they moved the arrival gates_39_(far)away from the baggage claim,forcing passengers to walk six times longer to get their bags.The actual wait time dropped to just two minutes.Complaints ceased.Why?Because occupied time feels shorter than unoccupied time. This falls 40 the domain of "The Psychology of Queuing,"a field pioneered by researcher David Maister.His research suggests that the objective amount of time we wait matters less than41__we perceive that time.A major factor influencing this perception is anxiety caused by uncertainty.This explains why ride-sharing apps show you the car moving on a map,and why amusement parks display"Wait Time:45 Minutes"signs.Knowing how long removes the anxiety of the unknown,making the wait feel manageable. _42_crucial element is fairness.Humans are social animals willing to wait,but we can't stand 43(cheat).The "First In,First Out"rule,44_guarantees that everyone is served in the order they arrived,is the gold standard of social justice in queues and deeply rooted in our sense of fairness. This explains the popularity of the "serpentine line"(*the single winding line used at banks or fast-food counters*).Although it may look physically longer than multiple parallel lines,it eliminates the stress of choosing the"wrong"slow line and makes sure that no one_45_(cut)in,satisfying our deep need for equity. Ultimately,businesses have learned 46 they cannot always reduce the mathematical wait time, they can engineer the experience of waiting.By keeping us occupied,informed,and treated fairly,they turn a painful delay into a tolerable pause. Ill.Vocabulary Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.contrast B.dissatisfaction C.master D.reminders E.humble F.pattern G.collections H.functional I.simplicity J.manufactured K.matching The Diderot Effect:Why We Want Things We Don't Need In the 18th century,the French philosopher Denis Diderot lived a modest life,surrounded by objects that, while worn,felt perfectly adequate-until he received a gift that changed everything:a beautiful scarlet robe. While initially delighted by this gesture,he soon faced an unexpected psychological dilemma.The elegant, expensive robe stood in sharp47_to his other common,worn belongings.In his eyes,the magnificent garment suddenly turned his old rug,straw chair,and wooden table into visible48_of a life that seemed "beneath"the robe.In order to change this,Diderot began replacing his old items one by one. He bought a new mirror,a leather chair,and expensive art to match the robe's quality.Consequently,he found himself deep in debt,remarking that he was now the49_of a luxurious home but a slave to his possessions. Sociologists now use the term "Diderot Effect"to describe this self-reinforcing50 of consumption.It explains the phenomenon where obtaining a new possession often creates a chain of buying, which leads us to acquire even more new things in order to "fit"the first one.For example,buying a new dress or suit often triggers the urge to buy_51_shoes,jewelry,and a bag.A single*deviating*(离经叛道的) purchase can create a subtle sense of52with one's current environment,pushing the owner to replace perfectly_53_items just to maintain a coherent identity. Modern marketers understand this all too well.They rarely sell isolated items;instead,they carefully design 54,rooms,or lifestyles that encourage consumers to see "just one more"purchase as natural and necessary.To resist this effect,we must be consciously aware of it.We need to realize that our possessions do not define our worth,and that the "incomplete"feeling is often55_rather than real.Sometimes,the most sensible thing we can do is to pause and appreciate what we already have rather than chase an idealized image.By setting strict limits and refusing the first unnecessary purchase,we can maintain control over our wallets and find contentment in56_rather than in endless novelty. The next time you feel the sudden itch to upgrade your phone or wardrobe just to fit a new trend, remember Diderot's regretful experience with his robe-and ask yourself whether you are choosing freely or simply following the script. VI.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Many people experience the "Sunday scaries,"the flood of stress many of us feel as the weekend winds down and Monday morning hangs over,especially for students and office workers.This feeling highlights a modern_57_between two mindsets:the productive mode focused on results and the leisure mode allowing genuine relaxation.Why has finding balance become so difficult? To understand this modern 58,we can look at hunter-gatherer societies like the Ju/'hoansi of southern Africa.Studies by anthropologist James Suzman show they spent only about 17 hours a week acquiring food.They enjoyed sufficient downtime for socializing,storytelling,and games without feeling pressured to be "productive."Their customs actively 59 status competition.60,when a hunter returned with a big kill,the tribe didn't shower him with praise.Instead,they mocked the meat as"thin" or "worthless."They downplayed a successful hunter's kill to maintain group equality.Work was a means to meet 61 needs,not a path to endless accumulation. A key turning point was humanity's mastery of fire.By cooking food,fire freed up time and energy that _62_the growth of our large,creative brains.However,subsequent civilizations,especially after the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions,fundamentally_63_our relationship with work and time. Two major shifts occurred.First,64 replaced interchangeable roles.In modern economies, different jobs require specific skills and receive unequal pay,creating a culture of_65_.Second,we became 66_.Farming cycles and financial systems required planning months or years ahead.This mindset now underpins()education and careers,where rewards are often delayed for decades.While this drive has led to immense material progress,it keeps us in a constant state of planning and striving,making it hard to67_. Consequently,leisure becomes something that requires active_68_.Modern leisure activities are mixed with performance criteria or career-building purposes.The "Sunday scaries"symbolize this internal clash:our leisure mind69_a productivity mind that is always measuring efficiency and future outcomes. The lesson from our deep past is not to abandon progress,but to recognize its70_ Civilization has brought wonders but also a "problem of infinite pursuit."True well-being may require consciously designing a life where work serves our needs without completely defining our value,and where leisure is preserved as a(an)_71_space for being rather than doing. 57.A.harmony B.conflict C.distinction D.exchange 58.A.anxiety B.crisis C.feature D.boredom 59.A.promoted B.ignored C.discouraged D.recorded 60.A.On the contrary B.As a result C.By rule D.For example 61.A.immediate B.personal C.tailored D.increasing 62.A.fueled B.blocked C.limited D.denied 63.A.simplified B.preserved C.reshaped D.forgotten 64.A.craftsmanship B.specialization C.automation D.advancement 65.A.equity B.belonging C.authenticity D.competition 66.A.backward-looking B.outward-going C.future-oriented D.progress-minded 67.A.physically active B.fully present C.truly motivated D.highly efficient 68.A.withdrawal B.transformation C.protection D.discussion 69.A.struggles against B.cooperates with C.subscribes to D.relies on 70.A.material benefit B.psychological cost C.social value D.physical price 71.A.instrumental B.negotiable C.essential D.inaccessible Section B Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Elias sat bent over his workbench,the magnifying glass pressed into his eye socket like a permanent fixture. Around him,the ticking of a hundred clocks created a rhythmic symphony that had been the soundtrack of his life for sixty years.But lately,the rhythm felt fragile.His grandson,Leo,sat across the room,thumbs dancing rapidly on a smartphone screen,a sharp contrast to the slow,deliberate movements required by watchmaking. "The balance wheel is the heart,Leo,"Elias said,holding up a component no larger than a ladybug."If it doesn't beat true,time itself loses meaning." Leo looked up,pulling one earbud out."Grandpa,nobody fixes mechanical watches anymore.It's all smartwatches.They track your heart rate,not just time." Elias sighed.He wanted to pass down the legacy,the patience,the art of breathing life into cold metal.But Leo saw only useless gears.The conflict came to a head when a customer brought in a 19th-century *maritime chronometer*(航海天文钟)，a masterpiece damaged by salt water.The mainspring was broken,a part no longer manufactured.Elias declared it hopeless. Two days later,Elias walked into the shop to find a strange humming noise.Leo was there,next to a smooth grey machine Elias didn't recognize. "I modeled the spring in CAD software,"Leo explained,pointing to a laptop screen showing a 3D rotating model."And this printer is making a copy using a carbon-fiber *composite*()It's stronger than the original steel and won't rust." Elias watched in silence as the machine layered the material.When Leo installed the new spring,the old chronometer didn't just tick;it sang.The rhythm was strong,precise,and alive. Elias picked up the watch,listening to its heartbeat.He looked at the 3D printer,then at his grandson.He realized that while the tools had changed,the essence-the desire to make things work,to honor time-had not.Tradition,he understood,wasn't about refusing to change;it was about carrying_the fire,not worshiping the ashes. 72.Elias felt frustrated with Leo initially because_ A.Leo seemed uninterested in the traditional craft B.Leo refused to help him in the shop C.Leo broke a valuable antique watch D.Leo spent too much money on electronic gadgets 73.What was the main challenge in repairing the maritime chronometer? A.The damage caused by salt water was too extensive to fix. B.The internal structure was too complex for Elias to understand. C.The specific part needed for repair was no longer in production. D.The customer refused to pay the high cost of manual restoration. 74.How did Leo eventually solve the problem with the chronometer? A.He found a spare part in his grandfather's old collection. B.He ordered a replacement from a modern watch manufacturer. C.He worked together with Elias to fix the steel spring manually. D.He used modern technology to design and manufacture a new part. 75.The underlined part "carrying the fire,not worshiping the ashes"implies that_. A.tradition is best preserved by strictly sticking to ancestral methods. B.the essence of tradition lives on through adaptation,not rigid imitation. C.technological progress inevitably erodes the value of craftsmanship. D.the younger generation should value historical objects over practical utility. (B) A good walk through the Peckforton Hills and Castle,Cheshire The Landscape Deep into autumn in the Peckforton Hills,the red sandstone *outcrops*()and mossy old woodland glowed in the golden afternoon light.We had joined a stretch of the Sandstone Trail, which traces Cheshire's central sandstone *ridge*()Our goal was a northwards passage of the highest hills on the trail. Climbing the wooded sides of Bickerton Hill brought us to an open lowland area.Restoration work here is reclaiming this precious habitat for rare wildlife.Below the highest point is Mad Allen's Hole,believed to have been the home of an 18th-century *hermit*()John Harris.The path then steepened,eventually reaching the trail's highest point at Raw Head,where a summit looks north over Delamere Forest to Ellesmere Port Dipping through farmland,we were soon climbing again,this time through beech and oak woodland at Bulkeley Hill.We gathered a bagful of sweet chestnuts before detouring into Higher Burwardsley for lunch at the warmly welcoming Pheasant Inn. The final miles skirted the hills below Stanners Nab and the impressive 19th-century grandeur of Peckforton Castle.The finish of our walk drew near-lofty Beeston Crag topped with the ruins of Beeston Castle.Built in the 1220s by Ranulf de Blondeville,6th Earl of Chester,it is well worth a visit.Inside is the famous castle well,a possible hiding place of Richard Il's treasure,which drops a dark and dizzying 365ft into the hill. Fact File Distance/Difficulty:14 miles;moderate;some steep climbs. .Start:Bickerton Hill car park(SY14 8LN). .Finish:Beeston Castle(CW6 9TX). Getting there:Take Trains to Whitchurch or Chester first.Get on the bus running between the two(not on Sundays)before getting off at Duckington and walking less than a mile to the start. Lunch:The Pheasant Inn,Higher Burwardsley 76.Which of the following route maps correctly illustrates the walking path? A.[Bickerton Hill]->[Raw Head]->[Beeston Castle]->[The Pheasant Inn] B.[Bickerton Hill]->[Bulkeley Hill]->[Beeston Castle]->[Raw Head] C.[Maiden Castle]->[Peckforton Castle]->[Beeston Castle]->[The Pheasant Inn] D.[Bickerton Hill]->[Raw Head]->[The Pheasant Inn]->[Beeston Castle] 77.What is special about Beeston Castle according to the passage? A.It is the highest point of the entire Sandstone Trail. B.It was once the home of the 18th-century hermit John Harris. C.It features a very deep well that might contain royal treasure. D.It was built in the 19th century and is famous for its woodlands. 78.This passage is most likely taken from__. A.a geographic survey report B.a local travel magazine C.a physical training blog D.an archaeology research paper (C) We've put reacting on autopilot.We pounce,panic,and intensify distress rather than pause and regulate.A teenager plunges when a selfie doesn't get enough likes;a parent assumes their career is at risk after one critical email.These quick outbursts reflect what I have termed an "overreaction epidemic":small triggers snowball into outsize emotional responses. Predictably,the response to this idea has been extreme.After I wrote about this topic,thousands of people messaged me.Many accused me of being tone-deaf,arguing I was asking people to "calm down"while global tensions rise or climate disasters grow."Imagine the layers of privilege it takes to deceive people into thinking they are overreacting,"one critic stated.Others pushed back in the opposite direction,insisting that given the state of the world,we are actually"underreacting." All these perspectives hold truth.However,the solution to the overreaction epidemic is emotion regulation -a concept that is often misunderstood. Emotion regulation is a set of intentional skills for managing feelings wisely.At its core,it is about choosing responses that reflect our goals and values.Clearly,the word "overreaction"can be a trigger point.For many,it signals dismissal,as if I were saying "Your fear is invalid."That is not my message.Fear,anger,and grief are appropriate responses to real crises.The problem arises when emotions run unchecked.We erupt in anger, drown in negative feeds until 2 a.m.,or paralyze ourselves with despair.Over time,we burn out before we can meaningfully act. Many people hear "regulate"and think"contain".They imagine some kind of emotion police telling us what we may not feel.But regulation isn't about obedience;it's about power.It is about deciding how to use our emotions so they fuel action rather than hijack it. Take anger,for example.Anger is not a problem to be eliminated;it is crucial data telling us our moral code is being violated.However,anger without direction is like a wildfire.It burns hot and fast,then leaves nothing but ashes.With emotion regulation,that same anger becomes a steady flame-a force that warms,guides, and endures.Civil rights leaders didn't succeed because they lacked rage;they succeeded because they learned to channel it without being consumed. Furthermore,we almost never regulate alone.We shape one another's states all day long,a process called co-regulation.Think of the teacher who calms a nervous child,or the friend who listens with empathy.These small acts are the fabric of resilience.Conversely,dismissing or escalating someone else's feelings is also a form of co-regulation-just the unhealthy kind.Movements endure only when people create microclimates of safety and trust. We live in an era of rising uncertainty and mounting challenges.No one is suggesting we look away.But living in constant panic will not save us.Emotion regulation doesn't tell us to ignore crises.It equips us to face them without losing ourselves-or one another-in the process.The world doesn't need less passion.It needs passion that lasts. 79.Why did the author's previous writing on the"overreaction epidemic"cause strong criticism from readers? A.Readers felt his advice was scientifically inaccurate and lacked evidence. B.Critics believed he was dismissing the justification of their reactions to real crises. C.People argued overreacting was the most effective way to solve social problems. D.He was accused of encouraging people to express their anger too aggressively. 80.What point does the author intend to make by comparing regulated anger to a"steady flame"? A.Anger is a destructive force that must be extinguished immediately.