内容正文:
哈尔滨德强高级中学2025-2026学年度上学期期末考试
高二年级英语试题
时间:120分钟 满分:150分
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man doing?
A. Asking for directions. B. Planning a journey. C. Buying a train ticket.
2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a clothing shop. B. At a barber’s shop. C. At a tailor’s shop.
3. When did the man leave for home?
A. At ten. B. At eleven. C. At ten thirty.
4. What will the speakers find a person to do?
A. Check the office. B. Download the file. C. Handle the Internet problem.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A course. B. A man. C. A language.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to the speakers?
A. They lost their way.
B. They had difficulty getting a map.
C. They were given the wrong directions.
7. What will the woman do?
A. Blame the man. B. Call her sister. C. Drive the car.
听下面一段对话,回答第8、9题。
8. When does the woman usually go to the US?
A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In winter.
9. Where did the woman go on holiday last month?
A. To America. B. To Mexico. C. To Canada.
听下面一段对话,回答第10至12题。
10. What is the woman doing?
A. Looking for a suitable job. B. Interviewing the man. C. Talking with the man about her job.
11. What was the man’s previous job?
A. A sales manager. B. A market researcher. C. A salesman.
12. What will the man do next week?
A. Work as a manager. B. Go to China for business. C. Start his job in the new company.
听下面一段对话,回答第13至16题。
13. When did Karina become interested in cooking?
A. When she worked in a restaurant.
B When she made food for herself at home.
C. When she helped her parents in the hotel kitchen.
14. What happened to Karina in the cooking competition?
A. She won one of the prizes.
B. Her dishes were liked by judges.
C. She realized her talent for cooking.
15. Why did a top chef offer to train Karina?
A. He needed someone to work on Saturdays.
B. A famous person liked the food she made.
C. She was quick at learning to cook.
16. What does Karina like to do in her free time?
A. Stay with her family. B. Create new salads. C. Eat out.
听下面一段独白,回答第17至20题。
17. Who are the target listeners?
A. Children. B. Parents. C. Athletes..
18. What will the money be mainly used for?
A. Restoring the school library.
B. Building a swimming pool.
C. Sponsoring medical research.
19. Which sport is the least popular?
A. Volleyball. B. Long jump. C. High jump.
20. Which of the following is to watch out for in this competition?
A. Safety problem. B. Match result. C. Participation degree.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Volunteer by supporting a local animal rescue center in Costa Rica!
If you like animals and are also interested in preserving the environment, you will be perfect for this program. You will be helping out in and supporting a local animal shelter. Not only does this shelter take in homeless animals, but also wild animals which are in bad condition.
In addition to the caretaking of the animals, volunteers help us welcome visitors at the entrance and answer any questions that visitors may have about the shelter or its animals. As volunteers spend more days in the shelter, knowledge about wildlife management will grow.
Requirements
*You need to be at least 15 years old on the program start date at the high school level or above.
*Speaking English is a basic requirement.
*No restrictions on nationality. Helping hands both in Costa Rica and beyond are welcome.
*Your helping hand will be required from 09:00 to 15:00 on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.
Program fees
*Booking payments (15%): The booking payment is simply to reserve your volunteer placement. Payment is made by PayPal. You can also pay using a credit card.
*Final payments (85%): Your final payment will be agreed with Volunteer Now Costa Rica during the application process
1. What can a volunteer do in the rescue center?
A. Communicate with visitors. B. Get trained to place animals.
C. Give lectures about animals. D. Search for homeless animals.
2. Who can volunteer in the program?
A. A French-speaking adult. B. A primary schoolchild.
C. A college student from America. D. A local person free on Fridays.
3 How much should a volunteer pay at least to make a reservation?
A. $52.5. B. $105. C. $297.5. D. $350.
B
A Florida teen is gaining national attention with her graduation speech and a basket of strawberries. “Care for some strawberries?” Brenda said at her graduation from Mulberry High School. After jokingly acknowledging there might not be enough, she went on, “These are no ordinary strawberries.” She held up a series of strawberries, revealing what each represents: sweat, dirt, aches, and pains.
Brenda described herself as the daughter of two tireless farmers who immigrated from Mexico and spent most of their days working in fields of strawberries, blueberries, and cucumbers. “My motivation has been rooted in my immigrant culture.” Because of this, she chose to focus on that in her address. “Many students used to be ashamed of their upbringing but today, we’re proud of what makes us.”
She explained how she grew up under poor conditions. “I’m motivated by my parents’ hands that lose feeling from laborious work. Despite the hot sun and body pains, they back me up heart and soul in my education, which weighs more strongly with me than anything else. I must work hard and succeed.” Brenda’s heading to Stanford University this fall. She also credited some of her outstanding achievements to her teacher Higgins, who helps immigrant students and the poor.
Her speech has been viewed by thousands online. “Hearing it touched other people’s hearts who said they understood my message, I’m struck the same.” Brenda said later. The principal of Mulberry High School, Michael Young, was one member of the audience getting emotional. “The speech was very powerful—her fruit did help paint a good picture of things she wanted to convey,” Young said.
As for her message to young people struggling, Brenda said, “Past circumstances aren’t in charge of your future. If you’re from a poor family, use every resource and try to better yourself. You’re the author of your story.”
4. Why did Brenda bring strawberries to her graduation?
A. To share her home — grown fruit. B. To show hardship her parents faced.
C. To better illustrate her speech’s topic. D. To explain the importance of motivators.
5. What affected Brenda most in terms of her academic success?
A. Help from her teacher. B. Her life experience.
C. Her native culture. D. Support from her parents.
6. How did Brenda feel about the viewers’ response online?
A. Proud. B. Sympathetic. C. Moved. D. Embarrassed.
7. What did Brenda convey to the young?
A. Life is what you make it. B. Every cloud has a silver lining.
C. Everyone deserves a good life story. D. Resources in hand decide your future.
C
More than a billion people around the world have smart phones, almost all of which come with some kind of navigation app such as Apple Maps or Amap. This raises the age-old question we meet with any technology: What abilities is our brain losing to these apps? But also, importantly: What abilities are we gaining?
Talking with people who are good at finding their way around or good at using paper maps, I often hear a lot of annoyance with digital maps. North/south direction gets messed up, and you can see only a small section at a time. I can really understand that it may be quite disturbing for the already skilled to be limited to a small phone screen.
But consider what digital navigation aids have meant for someone like me. Although being a frequent traveler, I'm so terrible at finding my way that I still use Apple Maps almost every day in the small town where I have lived for many years.
In many developed nations, street names and house numbers can be meaningful, and instructions such as go north for three blocks and---then west make sense to those familiar with these rules. In Istanbul, however, where I grew up, none of those hold true. For one thing, the locals seldom use street names. Besides, the city is full of winding and ancient alleys(小巷) that cross with newer avenues at many angles. In such places, you'd better turn to the locals. In the countryside, however, there is often nobody outside to ask. In fact, along came Apple Maps, like a fairy grandmother whispering directions in my ear. Since then, I travel with a lot more confidence, and my world has opened up.
Which brings me back to my original question: While we often lose some skills after depending on new technology, this new equipment may also allow us to gain new abilities. Maybe when technology closes a door, we should also look for the doors it opens.
8. Why do people who are skilled at reading paper maps feel upset?
A. They are interested in reading paper maps.
B. They don't know how to use navigation apps.
C. They are confused by digital maps’ direction.
D. They are limited to a single smart phone app.
9. According to the text, which is the best way to find the destination in Istanbul?
A. Asking local people the way.
B. Following the navigation app.
C. Getting familiar with the city rules.
D. Looking for street names and house numbers.
10. What's the author 's attitude towards the navigation apps?
A. Skeptical B. Ambiguous C. Critical D. Favorable
11. What could be the best title of the passage?
A. Benefits of Navigation Apps
B. Have Navigation Apps Worsened Our Brain?
C. My World Opens Up by New Technology
D. Disadvantages of Navigation Apps
D
Physical cash not only influences how much we spend but also facilitates an intense sense of psychological ownership that digital payments don’t have, according to new research.
The study suggests as cash disappears from our wallets, so too does our awareness of spending, leading to unthinking and unnecessary buying. Maintaining a physical element in our payment systems may be vital for promoting responsible spending behaviors. Dr Jashim Khan, lead-author of the study said, “The nature of cash — its smell, feel and the act of counting it — creates an emotional connection that digital payments lack. When handling cash, we aren’t just spending money; we’re parting with a piece of ourselves.”
The research team conducted their study in two distinct cultures, New Zealand and China, using focus groups and open-ended questionnaires to gather rich, detailed data about consumer experiences with cash and cashless payment methods. Participants were asked to describe their feelings and behaviors surrounding the use of different payment modes.
They found that cash promotes heightened awareness of spending, while cards and apps often lead to a disconnection from the money being spent. While 50% of transactions in China are made through app-based payments, participants expressed a lessened sense of ownership over their funds. Plus, happy and secure as people feel using third-party payment apps, they at times struggle with a sense of loss when parting with cash.
In contrast, the ease of digital payments often results in mindless spending, as the credibility of cash is replaced by abstract numbers on a screen.
The research shows cash. isn’t just money — it’s a way to stay connected to what we spend. Holding cash in our hands reminds us of its value, something that digital payments can make easy to forget. Moving to a cashless society means we need to understand how different payment choices affect us, not just financially but emotionally. Keeping this in mind enables us to make better decisions concerning money in a world where money often feels invisible.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The emotional weight of cash. B. The popularity of digital payments.
C. The reasons for currency exchange. D. The consequences of overconsumption.
13. How did the researchers get the outcome of their study?
A. By interviewing high-income groups.
B. By studying existing theories on money.
C. By summarizing replies from respondents.
D. By observing consumers’ behaviors firsthand.
14. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A. People should use money wisely.
B. Money makes the world go round.
C. Cash is inconvenient and outdated.
D. Cash payment is safer than digital payments.
15. In which publication is the text most likely to appear?
A. Motor Trend, B. Science Daily.
C. Art and Design. D. Muscle and Fitness.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
When I was asked to take part in a forest bathing, I packed a swimsuit, assuming it must involve a refreshing swim in the water. ____16____
I met Forest Therapy (治疗) guide Melanic Choukas- Bradley and several other women who’d come along for the adventure at an urban forest. Here, I began to get it. Forest bathing isn’t a bath. We sat on the banks of the river, but we did not get in the water. ____17____ We did walk the forest tracks, but we wandered with no destination in mind.
The aim of forest bathing, Choukas-Bradley explained, is to slow down and become fully bathed in the natural environment. She helped us tune in to the forest’s smells, tastes and sights. ___18___ As we passed through the trees, we touched their trunks, feeling the roughness beneath our fingers. We smelled the flowers, each breath being a celebration of nature’s beauty.
There’s a growing body of evidence that shows forest bathing can help boost mood and reduce stress. ____19____ A 2011 study comparing city walks to forest walks found the forest environment led to greater reductions in blood pressure, despite both activities requiring equal physical effort.
____20____ Most of human history was spent in environments that lack buildings and walls, and our bodies have adapted to living in the natural world. But today most of us spend much of our life indoors. Perhaps the new forest bathing trend is a recognition that many of us need a little nudge to get back out there.
A. It’s not a hike, either.
B. It turns out that my interpretation was literal.
C. The benefits of nature can be accessed simply.
D. Forest bathing frees us from worldly engagements.
E. The idea that spending time in nature is good is not new.
F. Indeed, medical researchers have demonstrated its benefits.
G. We took in the peaceful surroundings by using all our senses.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My birth story was unusual. Born without my left hand, doctors informed my parents of this ____21____. However, limb (肢体) differences are not ____22____. My parents taught me to accept mine. They supported me in sports, theatre, and school, ensuring I led a ____23____ life.
As a child, I ____24____ quickly, learning to tie my shoes with one hand. But as I grew, the eagerness to fit in grew stronger. On my first day of high school, the ____25____ of my difference struck me like a ton of bricks. I recall boarding the bus and noticing one student staring at my left arm for an ____26____ long time. I felt a sudden ____27____ to hide my hand, so I quickly slipped it into my pocket.
For two decades, I kept it a secret, fearing the ____28____ of others. But at age 38, exhausted of ____29____, I met someone exceptional and invited them into my world. It was a crucial moment as I finally felt ready to _____30_____ myself. Their willingness to _____31_____ the unhiding journey with me was _____32_____ what I needed. For the very first time, I allowed someone to really hold my limb, observe it, take pictures of it, touch it, and most importantly, _____33_____ me.
Today, I no longer hide my left arm; I wear it with _____34_____. My story teaches me that _____35_____ are not weaknesses; but rather, the things that make us unique and beautiful.
21 A. advantage B. uniqueness C. innovation D. punishment
22. A. distinct B. distant C. uncommon D. unimportant
23. A. normal B. instant C. apparent D. constant
24. A. adopt B. adapt C. appeal D. approve
25. A. imagination B. impression C. expectation D. realization
26. A. unfairly B. unnoticeably C. unwillingly D. uncomfortably
27. A. security B. desire C. regret D. delight
28. A. criticism B. disapproval C. judgement D. commitment
29. A. hiding B. forecasting C. wandering D. reacting
30. A. defeat B. deny C. defend D. reveal
31. A. take up B. sum up C. break down D. go through
32. A. exactly B. barely C. rarely D. mostly
33. A. follow B. accept C. inquire D. oppose
34. A. pity B. pride C. puzzle D. wonder
35. A. fears B. tears C. differences D. prospects
第二节 语法填空(共10个小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Animated Films Top Draw at Box Office
Animated films were once believed to be merely a children’s favorite, but now they have “grown up”, ____36____ (become) the most commercially successful genre in China and making 2025 the highest-grossing year on record for the category.
As of Tuesday, ____37____ (boost) recently by Disney’s blockbuster Zootopia 2, the box office revenue of animated movies in China has reached 25.06 billion yuan, nearly 270 percent ____38____ (high) than in 2024, according to industry tracker Maoyan Pro.
Winning over Chinese theatergoers for various reasons — including the new character GaryDe’ Snake, ____39____ (deliberate) released during the Chinese Zodiac (生肖的) Year of the Snake — the sequel (续集) to Zootopia, ____40____ was a hit in 2016, ____41____ (earn) over 3.8 billion yuan since its release on Nov 26.
Zhi Feina, ____42____ film researcher at the Chinese national Academy of Arts, said the overwhelming ____43____ (popular) of Zootopia 2 demonstrates the dynamic and huge potential of China’s movie market, proving that appealing content — regardless of its cultural background — can always find a large fan base in the country.
____44____ it comes to locally- produced films in China Ne Zha 2 along has accounted ____45____ 30 percent of this year’s total box office — including all live-action movies.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华,学校即将举办心理健康月活动。请以学生代表的身份写一篇题为“How to Manage Our Emotions”的英文演讲稿,内容包括:
1.情绪管理的重要性;
2.情绪管理的建议。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
How to Manage Our Emotions
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Thrilling Camping Trip
Grady and his family went camping every summer. As it was becoming hotter, here came the camping time.
The family had been planning it for a long time and had decided on their destination — the Great National Forest. With food and equipment loaded into the car, the family set off. It was cool inside the car.
Jared, Grady’s younger brother, played with a toy dinosaur and made a lot of noise.
Grady’s mother talked excitedly with his father. Grady put on his headphones and listened to some music. He didn’t want to play with his brother or talk to anyone. After what seemed like hours, the car reached its destination. Grady unloaded his backpack and closed the car door.
“This is going to be a long week,” he said unhappily to no one in particular. He looked around the campground. Hundreds of tall and green fir trees (枞树), some as tall as church towers, covered the mountainside like a green carpet. It would be going dark soon. Grady had hoped the July weather wouldn’t be too hot but now he was feeling sticky.
Grady hated camping, but it was something his family did every summer. His father liked cooking in the open air, telling stories about how to survive things like bear attacks and bee stings. His mother and Jared liked to hike and take pictures of animals. Jared had a collection of insect pictures that he had stuck to the walls in his half of their room. Grady didn’t like them and thought they proved that Jared was a strange kid.
They set up camp — two tents, one for his parents and one for himself and Jared. While everyone else started preparing dinner, Grady, looking for somewhere to cool down, set off for the nearby stream, which was deep enough to swim in.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Grady got close to the stream, an adorable bear cub( 幼 崽 )caught his eye.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Turning around, he saw a large angry mother bear moving swiftly towards him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
哈尔滨德强高级中学2025-2026学年度上学期期末考试
高二年级英语试题
时间:120分钟 满分:150分
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man doing?
A. Asking for directions. B. Planning a journey. C. Buying a train ticket.
2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a clothing shop. B. At a barber’s shop. C. At a tailor’s shop.
3. When did the man leave for home?
A. At ten. B. At eleven. C. At ten thirty.
4. What will the speakers find a person to do?
A. Check the office. B. Download the file. C. Handle the Internet problem.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A course. B. A man. C. A language.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to the speakers?
A. They lost their way.
B. They had difficulty getting a map.
C. They were given the wrong directions.
7. What will the woman do?
A. Blame the man. B. Call her sister. C. Drive the car.
听下面一段对话,回答第8、9题。
8. When does the woman usually go to the US?
A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In winter.
9. Where did the woman go on holiday last month?
A. To America. B. To Mexico. C. To Canada.
听下面一段对话,回答第10至12题。
10. What is the woman doing?
A. Looking for a suitable job. B. Interviewing the man. C. Talking with the man about her job.
11. What was the man’s previous job?
A. A sales manager. B. A market researcher. C. A salesman.
12. What will the man do next week?
A. Work as a manager. B. Go to China for business. C. Start his job in the new company.
听下面一段对话,回答第13至16题。
13. When did Karina become interested in cooking?
A. When she worked in a restaurant.
B. When she made food for herself at home.
C. When she helped her parents in the hotel kitchen.
14. What happened to Karina in the cooking competition?
A. She won one of the prizes.
B. Her dishes were liked by judges.
C. She realized her talent for cooking.
15. Why did a top chef offer to train Karina?
A. He needed someone to work on Saturdays.
B. A famous person liked the food she made.
C. She was quick at learning to cook.
16. What does Karina like to do in her free time?
A. Stay with her family. B. Create new salads. C. Eat out.
听下面一段独白,回答第17至20题。
17. Who are the target listeners?
A. Children. B. Parents. C. Athletes..
18. What will the money be mainly used for?
A. Restoring the school library.
B. Building a swimming pool.
C. Sponsoring medical research.
19. Which sport is the least popular?
A. Volleyball. B. Long jump. C. High jump.
20. Which of the following is to watch out for in this competition?
A. Safety problem. B. Match result. C. Participation degree.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A
B
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A
C
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
D
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
【16~20题答案】
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. F 20. E
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C
第二节 语法填空(共10个小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
【36~45题答案】
【答案】36. becoming
37. boosted
38. higher 39. deliberately
40. which 41. has earned
42. a 43. popularity
44. When 45. for
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
【46题答案】
【答案】 How to Manage Our Emotions
Dear teachers and fellow students,
Good morning! As we embark on our school’s Mental Health Month, I’d like to focus on the importance of emotion management. Emotions are a vital part of our lives, shaping our thoughts and actions. Managing them well can enhance our well-being and academic performance.
To manage our emotions effectively, here are some suggestions: Firstly, recognize and accept your feelings. Secondly, communicate openly with friends and family who are close to you. Lastly, engage in activities like meditation or exercise to calm your mind.
Let’s take charge of our emotions and foster a healthier school environment. Thank you!
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
【47题答案】
【答案】One possible version:
As Grady got close to the stream, an adorable bear cub caught his eye. Though Grady didn’t like animals, he couldn’t resist such a lovely bear cub measuring no more than two feet tall with a cute face. It was playing pretty joyfully at the edge of the stream. So absorbed was the bear cub in playing that it wasn’t aware that someone was approaching. Driven by curiosity, Grady walked on tiptoe, moving closer to have a look at it. Suddenly he heard a sound behind him.
Turning around, he saw an angry bear moving swiftly towards him. Shocked and dumb, Grady was rooted onto the ground for seconds, and then dashed to their camp desperately, shouting for help in the meantime. Fortunately, Grady’s father heard the shout in time to come to his assistance. To their surprise, realizing the danger was away, the furry giant stopped chasing and returned to the stream, picking up her baby, and holding it in arms tightly. In the distance, attracted by the noise, Jared and his mother were trying to take a photo of the bear cub and its mother.
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