2026届四川省中职英语二轮专题一般将来时 构成与表达方式学案

2026届四川单招中职英语专题复习学案 【一般将来时 构成与表达方式】 姓名_____________ 学号_____________ 2026.1 【知识梳理】 一般将来时用来表示将来发生的动作、存在的状态，或将来反复发生的动作，核心表达未来的时间概念，高中阶段主要有7种核心表达方式。 一、will + 动词原形（最基础通用） 构成 主语 + will + 动词原形（否定式：will not/won’t + 动词原形；一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + 动词原形？） 用法 无主语人称限制，可表示将来的客观事实、临时决定、意愿/承诺、预测，是最通用的表达形式。 例句 1. He will go to London for further study next year. 2. I won’t believe what he says any more. 3. Will you help me with my English homework this evening? 二、be going to + 动词原形 构成 主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形（否定式：am/is/are not going to + 动词原形） 用法 侧重事先有计划、有打算的将来动作，或根据现有迹象推测即将发生的事情，是高中高频考点。 例句 1. She is going to take part in the singing competition next month. 2. Look at the dark clouds; it is going to rain. 3. We are not going to have a picnic this weekend because of the bad weather. 三、shall + 动词原形 构成 主语（第一人称I/we） + shall + 动词原形（否定式：shall not/shan’t + 动词原形） 用法 主要用于第一人称(I/we)，表示将来的计划、建议或征求对方意见，高中阶段多用于正式语境或疑问句，口语中可被will替代。 例句 1. I shall finish my novel by the end of this year. 2. Shall we go to the cinema after dinner? 3. We shall hold a class meeting to discuss the problem this Friday. 四、be to + 动词原形 构成 主语 + am/is/are + to + 动词原形（否定式：am/is/are not to + 动词原形） 用法 表示按计划、安排、规定即将发生的动作，或上级的命令、职责/义务，语气正式，多用于官方通知、规章制度、正式计划。 例句 1. The meeting is to start at 9 o’clock sharp tomorrow morning. 2. You are to hand in your test papers before 10 a.m. 3. The new library is to open to the public next week. 五、be about to + 动词原形 构成 主语 + am/is/are + about to + 动词原形 用法 表示即将、马上发生的动作，动作发生的时间极近（瞬间发生），不能与tomorrow, next week等具体将来时间状语连用，这是高中易错题考点。 例句 1. The train is about to leave. Hurry up! 2. I was about to go out when the phone rang.（过去将来，拓展考点） 3. They are about to start the performance. Please keep quiet. 六、现在进行时（am/is/are + doing）表将来 构成 主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词（否定式：am/is/are not + 现在分词） 用法 表示事先安排好、计划好的将来动作，多用于表示位移的动词（go, come, leave, arrive, move, fly等），也可用于少数表示活动的动词（have, meet, see等）。 例句 1. My parents are flying to New York this Sunday. 2. I am meeting my old friend at the station this afternoon. 3. She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow morning. 七、一般现在时表将来 构成 主语 + 动词原形/第三人称单数（否定式：don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形） 用法 1. 用于时间/条件状语从句中（when, if, as soon as, until等引导），代替一般将来时； 2. 表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表必然发生的将来动作（火车、飞机、课程、电影等）。 例句 1. The first class begins at 8 a.m. tomorrow.（按时刻表） 2. If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the sports meeting.（条件状语从句） 3. I will tell him the news when he comes back.（时间状语从句） 核心易混点总结（高中必记） 1. be going to（计划/迹象）≠ will（临时决定/预测）； 2. be about to 无具体将来时间状语，be to 表正式计划/规定； 3. 现在进行时表将来→事先安排，一般现在时表将来→客观时刻表/状语从句。 一般将来时核心时间标志词（按使用频率分类） 一、基础通用类（最常用，适配所有将来时表达） tomorrow（明天）、tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening（明天早/中/晚） next + 时间（next day/week/month/year/term 次日/下周/下月/明年/下学期） in + 一段时间（in an hour/three days/a week 一小时后/三天后/一周后） the day after tomorrow（后天） 二、具体时间点类（明确将来具体时刻） this + 时间（this weekend/Sunday/morning 本周末/本周日/今天早上） on + 将来具体日期（on October 1st/next Friday 在10月1日/下周五） tonight（今晚）、soon（很快）、shortly（立刻，马上） 三、未来时段类（表将来某一阶段） in the future（在未来）、some day（总有一天）、one day（将来有一天） in the coming days/weeks（在接下来的几天/几周里） during the next term（在下个学期期间） 四、特殊提示类（间接表将来，高中常考） later（稍后）、from now on（从现在开始） before long（不久以后） 【应试易错提醒】 1. in + 时间段 表“多久以后”（将来），after + 时间段 仅用于过去时，表将来需用after + 具体时间点（如after 3 o’clock）； 2. be about to 表即将发生，不能与上述任何时间标志词连用（如不能说：The bus is about to leave soon.）； 3. 时间/条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，从句中不出现将来时标志词（如：I’ll go if he comes tomorrow. 而非 he will come）。 【实战训练】 第一部分 说明：本部分由47个单项选择题组成。在每小题列出的A、B、C三个选项中，只有一个选项符合题意，请将它选出。 1. She ______ to the library with her classmates tomorrow afternoon. A. goes B. will go C. went 2. The train ______ at 8:00 a.m. every morning, so we need to get up early. A. leaves B. will leave C. left 3. He ______ his homework yesterday evening because he was ill. A. doesn’t finish B. won’t finish C. didn’t finish 4. Look at the black clouds! It ______ rain soon. A. is going to B. goes C. went 5. My mother usually ______ breakfast at 7 o’clock, but today she got up late. A. cooks B. will cook C. cooked 6. We ______ a party to celebrate our graduation next month. A. have B. will have C. had 7. He ______ to Beijing last summer and visited the Great Wall. A. goes B. will go C. went 8. If it ______ tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. A. rains B. will rain C. rained 9. The meeting ______ start at 9 o’clock sharp; please be on time. A. is to B. is C. was to 10. She ______ her keys yesterday and couldn’t find them anywhere. A. loses B. will lose C. lost 11. My brother ______ in a new company next year. A. works B. will work C. worked 12. Water ______ at 100℃ under normal pressure. A. boils B. will boil C. boiled 13. They ______ about their travel plan when I called them yesterday. A. talk B. will talk C. were talking 14. Shall we ______ to the cinema after dinner? A. go B. will go C. went 15. He usually ______ to school by bike, but today he took a bus. A. goes B. will go C. went 16. The new library ______ to the public in the coming weeks. A. opens B. will open C. opened 17. I ______ my grandparents last weekend and brought them some fruit. A. visit B. will visit C. visited 18. The train ______ about to leave; hurry up! A. is B. will be C. was 19. Our teacher often ______ us interesting stories in class. A. tells B. will tell C. told 20. We ______ not go out tonight because of the heavy rain. A. do B. will C. did 21. She ______ her hometown when she was 18 years old. A. leaves B. will leave C. left 22. As soon as he ______ back, I will call you. A. comes B. will come C. came 23. They ______ a new house next year because their family is getting bigger. A. buy B. will buy C. bought 24. He ______ a letter to his friend yesterday afternoon. A. writes B. will write C. wrote 25. The sun ______ in the east and sets in the west. A. rises B. will rise C. rose 26. My sister ______ for Beijing tomorrow morning; I will see her off at the station. A. leaves B. will leave C. left 27. I ______ this book last month and found it very interesting. A. read B. will read C. reads 28. You ______ hand in your homework before 10 a.m. tomorrow. A. are to B. are C. were to 29. Our school ______ a sports meeting every year. A. holds B. will hold C. held 30. I ______ to the supermarket later; do you need anything? A. go B. will go C. went 31. She ______ ill yesterday, so she didn’t go to school. A. is B. will be C. was 32. If you ______ hard, you will pass the exam. A. study B. will study C. studied 33. They ______ in this city for 10 years, but they will move next year. A. live B. will live C. lived 34. The performance ______ start in five minutes; please take your seats. A. is about to B. will about to C. was about to 35. He ______ football with his friends every weekend. A. plays B. will play C. played 36. We ______ a picnic last Saturday, but the weather was bad. A. plan B. will plan C. planned 37. She ______ her new job next Monday. A. starts B. will start C. started 38. I ______ him the news when he comes back. A. tell B. will tell C. told 39. He ______ his bike yesterday and hurt his leg. A. falls off B. will fall off C. fell off 40. Our class ______ a meeting to discuss the problem this Friday. A. has B. will have C. had 41. The earth ______ around the sun. A. moves B. will move C. moved 42. She ______ to the party last night, but she was busy. A. goes B. will go C. went 43. We ______ not go to the park tomorrow because we have to study. A. do B. will C. did 44. He ______ his homework every evening before going to bed. A. finishes B. will finish C. finished 45. They ______ a concert last month and it was wonderful. A. attend B. will attend C. attended 46. The new shopping mall ______ open next year. A. is B. will C. was 47. I ______ my bag on the bus yesterday; luckily, someone found it for me. A. leave B. will leave C. left 第二部分 说明：本部分共15道题，请将题目对应的英文句子翻译成中文。翻译需准确通顺，符合中文表达习惯。 1. We will hold a school sports meeting next month. 2. He usually goes to the gym with his friends on weekends. 3. She finished her homework before she watched TV last night. 4. It is going to rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella. 5. The new bookstore will open to students next week. 6. My parents often cook delicious food for me at home. 7. He visited his old teacher when he went back to his hometown last year. 8. Shall we go to the park to fly kites this Sunday? 9. The train leaves at 9 o’clock every morning. 10. They were very happy because they won the game yesterday. 11. We are going to learn a new English song in the next class. 12. She will call you as soon as she gets home. 13. This factory produces many kinds of products every year. 14. I bought a new dictionary for my little sister yesterday. 15. The meeting is to start at 2 p.m. tomorrow. 答案及解析 第一部分答案【解析】 1. B（一般将来时）：标志词tomorrow afternoon，用will+动词原形表将来计划。 2. A（一般现在时）：every morning表习惯性动作，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。 3. C（一般过去时）：yesterday evening为过去时间标志，用过去式didn’t finish。 4. A（一般将来时）：根据black clouds的迹象，用be going to表推测即将发生的动作。 5. A（一般现在时）：usually表习惯性动作，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用cooks。 6. B（一般将来时）：next month为将来时间标志，用will have表将来的动作。 7. C（一般过去时）：last summer为过去时间标志，用went表过去发生的动作。 8. A（一般现在时）：if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来。 9. A（一般将来时）：be to do表按计划即将发生的动作，主语为单数，用is to。 10. C（一般过去时）：yesterday为过去时间标志，用lost表过去发生的动作。 11. B（一般将来时）：next year为将来时间标志，用will work表将来的动作。 12. A（一般现在时）：描述客观真理，用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，谓语用boils。 13. C（一般过去时）：when I called为过去时间点，主句用过去进行时表过去正在进行的动作。 14. A（一般将来时）：Shall后接动词原形，表征求意见。 15. A（一般现在时）：usually表习惯性动作，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用goes。 16. B（一般将来时）：in the coming weeks为将来时间标志，用will open表将来的动作。 17. C（一般过去时）：last weekend为过去时间标志，用visited表过去发生的动作。 18. A（一般将来时）：be about to do表即将发生的动作，不能与具体时间标志连用，用is。 19. A（一般现在时）：often表习惯性动作，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用tells。 20. B（一般将来时）：tonight为将来时间标志，用will not表将来的否定动作。 21. C（一般过去时）：when she was 18为过去时间标志，用left表过去发生的动作。 22. A（一般现在时）：as soon as引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来。 23. B（一般将来时）：next year为将来时间标志，用will buy表将来的动作。 24. C（一般过去时）：yesterday afternoon为过去时间标志，用wrote表过去发生的动作。 25. A（一般现在时）：描述客观真理，用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语用rises。 26. B（一般将来时）：tomorrow morning为将来时间标志，用will leave表将来的动作。 27. A（一般过去时）：last month为过去时间标志，read的过去式仍为read，表过去发生的动作。 28. A（一般将来时）：be to do表按规定即将发生的动作，主语为you，用are to。 29. A（一般现在时）：every year表习惯性动作，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用holds。 30. B（一般将来时）：later为将来时间标志，用will go表将来的动作。 31. C（一般过去时）：yesterday为过去时间标志，用was表过去的状态。 32. A（一般现在时）：if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来。 33. C（一般过去时）：for 10 years结合语境表过去的状态，用lived表过去发生的动作。 34. A（一般将来时）：in five minutes为将来时间标志，be about to do表即将发生的动作，用is about to。 35. A（一般现在时）：every weekend表习惯性动作，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用plays。 36. C（一般过去时）：last Saturday为过去时间标志，用planned表过去发生的动作。 37. B（一般将来时）：next Monday为将来时间标志，用will start表将来的动作。 38. B（一般将来时）：when引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时表将来的动作。 39. C（一般过去时）：yesterday为过去时间标志，fall off的过去式为fell off，表过去发生的动作。 40. B（一般将来时）：this Friday为将来时间标志，用will have表将来的动作。 41. A（一般现在时）：描述客观真理，用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语用moves。 42. C（一般过去时）：last night为过去时间标志，用went表过去发生的动作。 43. B（一般将来时）：tomorrow为将来时间标志，用will not表将来的否定动作。 44. A（一般现在时）：every evening表习惯性动作，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用finishes。 45. C（一般过去时）：last month为过去时间标志，用attended表过去发生的动作。 46. B（一般将来时）：next year为将来时间标志，will后接动词原形open，表将来的动作。 47. C（一般过去时）：yesterday为过去时间标志，用left表过去发生的动作。 第二部分 英译汉答案 1. 我们下个月将举办一场学校运动会。 2. 他通常周末和朋友们一起去健身房。 3. 昨晚她看完电视前就完成了作业。 4. 今天下午要下雨，记得带把伞。 5. 这家新书店下周将对学生开放。 6. 我父母经常在家给我做美味的食物。 7. 去年他回到家乡时拜访了他的老师。 8. 这个星期天我们去公园放风筝好吗？ 9. 这趟火车每天早上9点发车。 10. 他们昨天很开心，因为他们赢得了比赛。 11. 下一节课我们将要学习一首新的英文歌。 12. 她一到家就会给你打电话。 13. 这家工厂每年生产多种产品。 14. 我昨天给我的小妹妹买了一本新词典。 15. 会议定于明天下午2点开始。 2·2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $