Unit 1 Nature in the Balance单元话题阅读理解10篇-2025-2026学年高一英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 1 Nature in the Balance 阅读理解10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 人与自然 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Passage 1 If you have heard about a cat called Gyra, you may be wondering why people say it’s scary and deadly. Actually, the African black-footed cat is known to be deadly for its number of kills per night. For example, it can kill more of its prey (猎物) in one night than a bigger cat, such as a leopard, would kill in months. Often when you imagine a deadly cat from Africa, you may think of a leopard or another big cat. But the black-footed cat is unusual because its deadly nature is packed into a small body. It is the smallest wild cat in Africa, having a head-and-body length of 35-52 cm. The black-footed cat nicknamed Gyra was followed by the BBC for an interesting look into the behavior of this species of cat. Black-footed cats live in Africa but it may be hard to find one because of their small number. However, the BBC show shone a light on them, which may help them to get some aid to survive longer as a species. One could also argue that more attention could make bad people try to find them, but hopefully, more good than harm will come from it. The interesting fact about these cats is that you may imagine them to have obvious black-colored feet but actually only the bottom surfaces of their feet are black. In fact, they are stripy (有条纹的) and fit well into their native surroundings, so they are good at hiding. These cats do look cute. To passers-by, they would look no different from a common domestic (家养的) cat without special hunting skills, and this is one of their biggest tricks. Black-footed cats are not domesticated at all. You are unlikely to see a black-footed cat eating some cat treats eagerly anytime soon. The reality is that they would probably reject such a treat because they would not identify anything that has not been freshly killed as an acceptable food. 1．Why is the black-footed cat considered to be deadly? A．It has a large size.B．It hunts very quickly.C．Its feet are poisonous. D．It attacks humans at night. 2．What is the author’s attitude towards the BBC’s following the cat? A．Positive. B．Shocked. C．Doubtful. D．Disapproving. 3．What is mainly mentioned about the black-footed cat in Paragraph 4? A．Its imagination is excellent. B．It likes playing tricks on passers-by. C．It often hides itself from domestic cats. D．Its appearance contributes to its survival skills. 4．Why do black-footed cats generally refuse cat treats? A．They find cat treats dangerous. B．They want to keep away from humans. C．Cat treats fail to suit their dietary preference. D．Cat treats make them less active in hunting Passage 2 Europe is one of the world’s most varied continents in terms of culture, history and geographical diversity. The following are some natural wonders in Europe that can take your breath away. Norway: Svalbard Svalbard represents one of the farthest regions of the world, as well as one of the most northernmost inhabited landmasses on earth. This region lies close to the Arctic Circle and most of the region is covered with glaciers, making it largely an untouched area. Svalbard is famous for its wildlife like polar bears, and was used as a whaling base in the 17th and 18th centuries. Croatia: Plitvice Lakes National Park Made up of 16 beautiful lakes, the Plitvice Lakes National Park is a standout attraction in Croatia. It is well-known for its lakes, waterfalls and caves. The particular geographical position of this UNESCO World Heritage Site and its climate features have contributed to the appearance of many natural phenomena and rich biodiversity within the area. Ireland: Cliffs (悬崖) of Moher Located on Ireland’s coast, the amazing Cliffs of Moher are a sight to look at — the cliffs rise about 120 metres above the water and run for about 14 kilometres. With seawater continuously hitting the cliffs and heavy winds greeting you along the edge, this landscape represents the force of nature in its purest form. Switzerland: Swiss Alps The Swiss Alps are one of the world’s largest mountain ranges and cover about 60% of Switzerland’s surface area. The mountains were formed millions of years ago and have some of the highest peaks in Europe. Today, nature-lovers come in droves to the Swiss Alps for hiking, skiing, cycling and swimming. 1．What can we say about Svalbard? A．It features large mountains. B．Its wildlife is in danger. C．It has a large population. D．It is mostly undeveloped. 2．What do the Plitvice Lakes National Park and the Cliffs of Moher have in common? A．They both have rich biodiversity. B．They both offer special water views. C．They are both often hit by strong winds. D．They are both on the World Heritage List. 3．Which site best suits people who are interested in outdoor sports? A．Svalbard. B．Swiss Alps. C．Cliffs of Moher. D．Plitvice Lakes National Park. Passage 3 If you take a walk through a Pittsburgh city park, you might come across a group of goats (山羊) eating poison ivy, one type of plants harmful to the ecosystem (生态系统). It is part of an experiment (实验). By eating a lot of plants, goats greatly cut down the plants that need to be treated with herbicides (除草剂). Herbicides are traditionally used to clear out unwanted plants. There is glyphosate in many herbicides, which is reported to lead to cancer — a serious illness. Herbicides can remain in the soil and on plants, and during rain, they are washed into streams and rivers, further polluting the ecosystem. There’s a need for goats all across the U.S., including California and New Mexico, where they help in wildfire prevention. Goats are sure-footed, and they enjoy climbing up and getting to the plants that are difficult for humans to clear away. They prefer woody plants, soft shoots and bushes (灌木丛) compared with other plant-eaters, such as cows, who are happy with grasses and low-lying plants. This makes goats perfect for clearing areas of high-growing woody plants that strengthen wildfires. However, there are challenges in using goats. Their hairs are thin, which means they couldn’t work outside in cold winter. Goats can break seeds (种子) of harmful plants down in their stomachs, so they don’t spread the plants they’re eating, but this also makes them easy to suffer from stomach illnesses. But when you think about the bigger picture, these problems are just small. One good thing that came from Pittsburgh’s goat experiment was the public interest it received. After the experiment finished, many other cities wanted to know how they could start a similar project. People, it turns out, also like goats. Park visitors love seeing the goats at work. Their presence brings a lot of joy and adds to the park experience! 1．Why are goats used in some city parks in the U.S.? A．To study their eating habits. B．To cut down the costs on herbicides. C．To attract more tourists to the parks. D．To deal with harmful plants in a natural way. 2．What can we infer about goats from paragraph 3? A．They are no better at climbing than cows. B．They prefer low-lying plants to woody bushes. C．They help prevent wildfires by eating specific plants. D．They are mainly raised in California and New Mexico. 3．What is the public’s attitude towards the goat project? A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Uncaring. D．Unclear. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．The Disadvantages of Using Herbicides in Parks B．How Goats Help Protect the Ecosystem in the U.S. C．Different Ways to Prevent Wildfires Across the U.S. D．How Pittsburgh’s Park Experiment Was Carried Out Passage 4 Natural High Points of States in Parks People love pursuing new heights, either through physical climbs or virtual experiences. Many of America’s state-high points lie in national parks, welcoming hikers, climbers, and drivers with breathtaking views. Alaska: Mount McKinley in Denali National Park The peak of Mount McKinley, located on the Alaska-Canada border, is not only the highest point in Alaska, but also on the continent of North America. The mountain, which is a world-famous destination for mountaineers, is so tall that it can be seen towering over the Alaska landscape by astronauts in space! California: Mt. Whitney in Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks Known as the tallest mountain in the “lower 48” states, Mt. Whitney is located on the far eastern boundary of Sequoia National Park. Requiring a permit before setting out, it is one of the most popular climbed mountain peaks in the Sierra Nevada with a height of 14, 494 feet. Tennessee: Clingmans Dome in Great Smoky Mountains National Park At 6,643 feet, Clingmans Dome is the highest point in the state. Most visitors drive to the top of the mountain if weather and conditions permit. On clear days, you can see more than 100 miles of a 360-degree breathtaking view from the mountain’s observation tower. Washington: Mount Rainier in Mount Rainier National Park Mount Rainier stands 14, 410 feet above sea level making it hard to miss. An active volcano, it is the highest mountain in the Cascade Range and the Cascade Volcanic Arc and poses an exciting challenge for prepared mountaineers. 1．What do we know about Mount McKinley? A．It is visible from space due to its height. B．It is easy for visitors to drive to its top. C．It is the highest on the continent of America. D．It is an active volcano on the US-Canada border. 2．What do the four mountains have in common? A．They are open to visitors anytime. B．They are the highest in their own state. C．They provide a 360-degree amazing view. D．They require professional climbing skills. 3．Where is this text most probably taken from? A．A book review. B．A research paper. C．A travel guidebook. D．An educational website. Passage 5 A global agreement designed to protect the world’s oceans is set to become international law. Morocco became the 60th country to sign The High Seas Treaty on Friday, meaning that it will come into force. The deal, which has been two decades in the making, will pave the way for international waters to be placed into marine (海洋的) protected areas. “Covering more than two-thirds of the ocean, the agreement sets official rules to protect and sustainably use marine biodiversity.” United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Gutters said. Decades of over-fishing, pollution from shipping and warming oceans from climate change have damaged life below the surface. In the latest assessment of marine species, nearly 10% were found to be at a risk of extinction, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature. But protecting the high seas is challenging. No one country controls these waters and all nations have a right to ship and fish there. At present just 1% of the high seas are protected, leaving marine life at a risk of over-exploitation. So, in 2023, countries signed the High Seas Treaty, promising to put 30% of these waters into Marine Protected Areas. But it could only come into force if at least 60 nations officially approved it. Mad Christian, executive director of Greenpeace International, called it “a landmark moment” and “proof that countries can come together to protect our blue planet”. “The era of overuse and destruction must end. Our oceans can’t wait, neither can we.” he added. Once the treaty comes into force, countries will propose areas to be protected, and this will then be voted on by the countries that sign up to the treaty. 1．What is required for The High Seas Treaty to take effect? A．Achievement of the sea protection goal. B．Official agreement from at least 60 nations. C．Two decades of negotiation and preparation. D．Morocco’s role as the final approving nation. 2．Why does the author mention “1%” and “30%” in paragraph 4? A．To stress the significance of the treaty. B．To uncover the over-fishing phenomenon. C．To show the achievements in ocean protection. D．To indicate different opinions among countries. 3．What is the Mad’s attitude to the treaty? A．Neutral. B．Critical. C．Negative. D．Supportive. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Ocean Problems and the Call for Action B．The High Seas Treaty: New Rules for Fishing C．A Landmark Step: Global Ocean Treaty to Take Effect D．How Countries Are Working Together to Save Ocean Life Passage 6 At an altitude over 4,500 meters in Burang County, Ngari Prefecture, Southwest China’s Xizang Autonomous Region, lies Mapam Yumco Lake. For over a decade, 42-year-old Dradul has dedicated himself to protecting the wetland around this precious lake as an ecosystem guardian. Before becoming a guardian, he struggled with temporary jobs and hoped for a steady salary. Now, he earns a stable monthly income of 2,000 yuan and comes to feel a deep sense of purpose. “Protecting this lake makes me proud. It’s not just work — it’s about preserving it for future generations,” he said. Dradul’s workday begins early. He patrols (巡查) a fixed 10-kilometer route by motorcycle, with duties including observing the reserve, recording data, and addressing ecological threats. Last February, he and his team rescued a wing-broken eagle, sending it to a rescue center until it recovered. This July, they spent 20 minutes pulling a trapped wild yak out of a mudflat with ropes. Educating visitors is another core task. Dradul reminds tourists not to litter, drive on delicate grasslands, or leave waste. “In the past, the wetland was full of garbage and had fewer wild animals,” Dradul recalled. Today, the wetland is home to 411 plant species and 157 wildlife species — a remarkable level of biodiversity for such a high-altitude area. Yet, the work is far from easy. Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland degradation. Human activities also continue — some visitors still litter, bathe, or wash cars in the lake. With nearly 99,000 hectares (公顷) of wetland and only 90 guardians, remote areas can’t be patrolled daily. Despite these difficulties, Dradul remains hopeful. He dreams of Mapam Yumco Lake staying pure forever. “This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations,” he emphasized. 1．What’s the original purpose of Dradul to work as a guardian? A．To protect a precious wetland. B．To help animals in need. C．To earn a stable income. D．To seek a sense of purpose. 2．Which of the following can best describe Dradul’s job? A．Challenging but worthwhile. B．Relaxing and effective. C．Well-paid but dangerous. D．Flexible and professional. 3．What does the underlined word “degradation” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Improvement B．Decline C．Expansion D．Stability 4．What can we learn from Dradul? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Small efforts make a big difference. C．Chance favors the prepared mind. D．Actions speak louder than words. Passage 7 When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply? This question was raised after a group of penguins (企鹅) were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves. The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film sighed in relief. “I’m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn’t bothering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook. However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. “You can’t have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse.” said the show’s creator David Attenborough, according to The Times. In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. “There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren’t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... They had the chance not to have to keep slipping down the slope.” he told the BBC． Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, “If it’s ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of the way. Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.” “There’s no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there in front of you.” Will Lawson, the show’s director, told Daily Mail. 1．What has led to a heated media discussion? A．The rescue of penguins from a gully. B．People’s various opinions on penguins. C．Some penguinsˈ sufferings in a gully. D．Ways of filming the series Dynasties. 2．What’s Mike Gunton’s attitude towards human interference? A．Uncaring. B．Negative. C．Positive. D．Unconditional. 3．Which of the following best explains the word “gut-wrenching” underlined in Paragraph 6? A．Making one confused. B．Making one heartbroken. C．Putting one in danger. D．Making one amazed. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Protect Animals From Dying Out B．Necessity of Lending a Hand to Animals C．Help Animals in Trouble or Not D．Human Interference on Dangerous Animals Passage 8 Plastic pollution has become a global environmental crisis, especially in the world’s oceans. Each year, around 8 million tons of plastic waste enters the oceans, harming marine life and disrupting ecosystems. A recent study shows even tiny amounts of plastic are deadly — less than a sugar cube’s volume can kill half of Atlantic puffins (海鹦). Tragically, sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, their primary food, leading to fatal intestinal blockages (肠梗阻). Scientists and environmentalists are now urging for urgent action to reduce plastic use and clean up existing pollution. A recent study by a team of international researchers examined the impact of plastic on coral reefs, which are home to a quarter of all marine species. The study found that corals in areas with high plastic pollution are 20 times more likely to develop diseases. Plastic debris can block sunlight from reaching corals and provide a breeding ground for harmful bacteria, leading to their decline — a loss that would destroy fishing communities dependent on reef ecosystems. To address this issue, many countries have introduced bans on single-use plastics like straws, bags, and bottles. Some companies are also developing eco-friendly alternatives, such as packaging made from seaweed or recycled materials. Additionally, organizations are launching ocean cleanup projects, using advanced technologies like floating barriers and drones (无人机) to collect plastic waste from the sea before it breaks down into microplastics. However, experts warn that these efforts are not enough. They emphasize that a global agreement is needed to limit plastic production at its source. Without coordinated (协调的) action from governments, businesses, and individuals — such as choosing reusable products and supporting sustainable policies — the future of our oceans and marine life remains at risk. 1．What can we learn from the example of Atlantic puffins and sea turtles? A．Plastic waste mainly threatens seabirds and reptiles. B．Marine animals are suffering severe harm from plastic pollution. C．Tiny plastics are more dangerous than large plastic debris. D．Jellyfish and sugar cubes are similar to plastic in marine animals’ eyes. 2．Why are coral reefs easily affected by plastic pollution? A．Because plastic provides food for corals. B．Because marine species in reefs carry plastic to corals. C．Because coral reefs absorb plastic waste quickly. D．Because plastic blocks sunlight and helps harmful bacteria breed. 3．Which of the following is an eco-friendly alternative to single-use plastics? A．Floating barriers used in ocean cleanup. B．Drones collecting plastic waste from the sea. C．Packaging made from recycled materials. D．Global agreements limiting plastic production. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Individual actions have no effect on solving plastic pollution. B．Current measures have completely solved ocean plastic problems. C．Governments alone can stop plastic production. D．Global cooperation is essential to control plastic pollution at the source. 重难语篇练习 Passage 1 A month ago, a 2.5-pound Chihuahua named Niblet won the hearts of the Humane Educational Society (HES) staff. They soon found Niblet had a special medical condition: a soft spot on his head, which is part of hydrocephalus (脑积水). This made small household accidents life-threatening. HES turned to UTC’s mechanical engineering professor Trevor Elliott for help. Dr. Samantha Blair from HES contacted the university, and the engineering department offered hope that day. Blair remembered the university’s 3D printing skills, which were key to making a protective cap for Niblet. Professor Elliott rushed to help after hearing about Niblet. “As soon as I saw his cute little face, I said, ‘We’ve got to help,’” he recalled. He asked Connor Mackey, a May graduate who led UTC’s team to win a NASA 3D Printing Award, to join, and Mackey agreed right away. To create the headgear (头部防护装备), Elliott got Justin Stephens from Volkswagen to scan Niblet’s head for a 3D image. Then Elliott and Mackey tried different designs: Mackey’s looked like a football helmet, while Elliott’s was more like a cap. After many times of changes, they met at HES on July 15 to fit Niblet with the gear. Luckily, Niblet quickly got used to Mackey’s design. Mackey was amazed by the result: “It’s crazy what you can do. Getting a scan and modeling around it was simple, but it’s cool to save a dog’s life with this process.” Elliott also felt proud: “Seeing him walk around with the helmet and knowing our solution will help him is great.” HES’s Sarah Callahan said fitting a dog with headgear was “unchartered territory (未知领域)” for them, but they hoped it would let Niblet live a long and happy life. HES’s head Caroline Smith praised everyone’s quick action: “In our work, happy endings aren’t always possible, so it’s nice to see people come together for an animal.” She added that the rescue needed lots of teamwork, and they were thankful UTC stepped in. Without the 3D - printed helmet, Niblet would have struggled to survive, but now, he has a chance for a good, long life. 1．What is the main reason Niblet needed a protective headgear? A．He needed comfort for himself. B．He had a serious disease which may ruin his life. C．He was too small and weak to walk on his own. D．He often fought with other animals at the Humane Educational Society. 2．Why did Dr. Samantha Blair contact the university? A．To get engineering tools. B．To borrow a protective cap. C．To ask for 3D printing help. D．To find an excellent graduate. 3．What does the passage imply about the rescue of Niblet? A．It was an easy task thanks to Professor Elliott’s efforts. B．Niblet’s condition was too serious to be improved by the helmet. C．Teamwork between different groups can solve difficult problems. D．The 3D - printed helmet was so expensive that HES almost gave up. 4．What is Caroline Smith’s attitude towards the 3D-printed helmet? A．Doubtful. B．Optimistic. C．Uncaring. D．Confused. Passage 2 Over the past few decades, firefly populations have been declining due to factors like light pollution, pesticides, and habitat loss. Now there’s a ray of hope: A recent study suggests there’s reason to be optimistic for these vulnerable insects. They’re more prevalent this summer than they have been in years. According to Popular Science, residents across the U.S. have been seeing a jump in firefly numbers in recent weeks. There have even been increases in urban areas, such as New York City and Washington, D．C． While firefly numbers still aren’t what they used to be, the change signals a positive outlook for the insects. The increased numbers of the glowing bugs in many states could be linked to the factors below: Climate plays a significant part in firefly reproduction, as they tend to seek out wet soil to lay their eggs. Many states saw decent rainfall this year, which could have led to the insects’ population growth. Besides, firefly larvae (幼虫) live for about two years before pupating (化蛹) and becoming the glowing creatures we’re familiar with. When the insects emerge from their pupal stage to find mates, they will live for a few weeks, depending on the environment and species. Firefly prevalence can vary by year because of this factor, and some places may be simply experiencing good timing this summer. Fireflies aren’t just visually pleasing-they also help the environment. A 2019 report from the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation highlighted the ecological benefits of fireflies. The larvae of the species primarily feed on snails and slugs, both of which damage plants. These insects also contribute to the diets of many creatures in the animal kingdom, especially various spider species. Environment America also shares that some species feed on pollen and nectar (花蜜), benefiting many flowering plants. We may be lucky enough to enjoy their twinkling light shows for years to come if we make an effort to take care of them. We can help fireflies out by doing simple things, such as turning off lights at night so as not to confuse the insects, and weeding the yard less frequently. It also won’t hurt to avoid using pesticides outside and share our awareness about the lovely creatures. 1．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Widespread. B．Rare. C．Endangered. D．Colorful. 2．What are the reasons for the rise in firefly numbers this summer? A．Wet soil and long larval stage. B．Enough rain and proper lifecycle. C．Mild climate and less light pollution. D．More pesticides and frequent mowing. 3．What environmental value do fireflies have? A．They feed on spiders and plants. B．They control pest populations. C．They offer beautiful light displays. D．They keep ecological stability. 4．Which of the following is the best way to protect firefly? A．Keep our yard dry and tidy. B．Turn on lights to attract them. C．Make small conscious daily adjustments. D．Conduct systematic protection projects. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Nature in the Balance 阅读理解10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 人与自然 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Passage 1 If you have heard about a cat called Gyra, you may be wondering why people say it’s scary and deadly. Actually, the African black-footed cat is known to be deadly for its number of kills per night. For example, it can kill more of its prey (猎物) in one night than a bigger cat, such as a leopard, would kill in months. Often when you imagine a deadly cat from Africa, you may think of a leopard or another big cat. But the black-footed cat is unusual because its deadly nature is packed into a small body. It is the smallest wild cat in Africa, having a head-and-body length of 35-52 cm. The black-footed cat nicknamed Gyra was followed by the BBC for an interesting look into the behavior of this species of cat. Black-footed cats live in Africa but it may be hard to find one because of their small number. However, the BBC show shone a light on them, which may help them to get some aid to survive longer as a species. One could also argue that more attention could make bad people try to find them, but hopefully, more good than harm will come from it. The interesting fact about these cats is that you may imagine them to have obvious black-colored feet but actually only the bottom surfaces of their feet are black. In fact, they are stripy (有条纹的) and fit well into their native surroundings, so they are good at hiding. These cats do look cute. To passers-by, they would look no different from a common domestic (家养的) cat without special hunting skills, and this is one of their biggest tricks. Black-footed cats are not domesticated at all. You are unlikely to see a black-footed cat eating some cat treats eagerly anytime soon. The reality is that they would probably reject such a treat because they would not identify anything that has not been freshly killed as an acceptable food. 1．Why is the black-footed cat considered to be deadly? A．It has a large size.B．It hunts very quickly.C．Its feet are poisonous. D．It attacks humans at night. 2．What is the author’s attitude towards the BBC’s following the cat? A．Positive. B．Shocked. C．Doubtful. D．Disapproving. 3．What is mainly mentioned about the black-footed cat in Paragraph 4? A．Its imagination is excellent. B．It likes playing tricks on passers-by. C．It often hides itself from domestic cats. D．Its appearance contributes to its survival skills. 4．Why do black-footed cats generally refuse cat treats? A．They find cat treats dangerous. B．They want to keep away from humans. C．Cat treats fail to suit their dietary preference. D．Cat treats make them less active in hunting 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了非洲黑足猫的特点、习性以及人们对它的关注和态度。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Actually, the African black-footed cat is known to be deadly for its number of kills per night. For example, it can kill more of its prey (猎物) in one night than a bigger cat, such as a leopard, would kill in months.(事实上，非洲黑足猫之所以被称作“致命猎手”，是因为它一夜间的捕猎成功率高得惊人 —— 比如，它一晚捕获的猎物数量，甚至超过花豹这类体型更大的猫科动物数月的捕猎量)”可知，黑足猫被认为很致命是因为它捕猎非常迅速。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“However, the BBC show shone a light on them, which may help them to get some aid to survive longer as a species. One could also argue that more attention could make bad people try to find them, but hopefully, more good than harm will come from it.(然而，BBC的节目让它们受到了关注，这可能有助于它们获得一些援助，从而作为一个物种生存得更久。有人可能会说，更多的关注可能会让坏人试图找到它们，但希望利大于弊)”可知，作者认为BBC的节目对黑足猫是有好处的，因此作者的态度是积极的。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The interesting fact about these cats is that you may imagine them to have obvious black-colored feet but actually only the bottom surfaces of their feet are black. In fact, they are stripy (有条纹的) and fit well into their native surroundings, so they are good at hiding. These cats do look cute. To passers-by, they would look no different from a common domestic (家养的) cat without special hunting skills, and this is one of their biggest tricks.(关于这些猫的一个有趣的事实是，你可能想象它们的脚是明显的黑色，但实际上只有它们的脚底是黑色的。事实上，它们有条纹，与它们所处的自然环境非常契合，所以它们很善于隐藏。这些猫看起来确实很可爱。对于路人来说，它们看起来和一只没有特殊狩猎技能的普通家猫没有什么不同，这是它们最大的把戏之一)”可知，本段主要介绍了黑足猫的外貌特征，以及这些特征如何帮助它们在野外生存。因此，本段主要提到的是黑足猫的外貌有助于它的生存技能。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Black-footed cats are not domesticated at all. You are unlikely to see a black-footed cat eating some cat treats eagerly anytime soon. The reality is that they would probably reject such a treat because they would not identify anything that has not been freshly killed as an acceptable food.(黑足猫完全没有被驯化，你几乎不可能看到它们兴冲冲地吃猫粮的样子。现实中，它们大概率会拒绝这类食物，因为在它们眼中，非新鲜捕猎的东西，根本算不上合格的食物)”可知，黑足猫拒绝猫零食是因为猫零食不符合它们的饮食偏好。故选C。 Passage 2 Europe is one of the world’s most varied continents in terms of culture, history and geographical diversity. The following are some natural wonders in Europe that can take your breath away. Norway: Svalbard Svalbard represents one of the farthest regions of the world, as well as one of the most northernmost inhabited landmasses on earth. This region lies close to the Arctic Circle and most of the region is covered with glaciers, making it largely an untouched area. Svalbard is famous for its wildlife like polar bears, and was used as a whaling base in the 17th and 18th centuries. Croatia: Plitvice Lakes National Park Made up of 16 beautiful lakes, the Plitvice Lakes National Park is a standout attraction in Croatia. It is well-known for its lakes, waterfalls and caves. The particular geographical position of this UNESCO World Heritage Site and its climate features have contributed to the appearance of many natural phenomena and rich biodiversity within the area. Ireland: Cliffs (悬崖) of Moher Located on Ireland’s coast, the amazing Cliffs of Moher are a sight to look at — the cliffs rise about 120 metres above the water and run for about 14 kilometres. With seawater continuously hitting the cliffs and heavy winds greeting you along the edge, this landscape represents the force of nature in its purest form. Switzerland: Swiss Alps The Swiss Alps are one of the world’s largest mountain ranges and cover about 60% of Switzerland’s surface area. The mountains were formed millions of years ago and have some of the highest peaks in Europe. Today, nature-lovers come in droves to the Swiss Alps for hiking, skiing, cycling and swimming. 1．What can we say about Svalbard? A．It features large mountains. B．Its wildlife is in danger. C．It has a large population. D．It is mostly undeveloped. 2．What do the Plitvice Lakes National Park and the Cliffs of Moher have in common? A．They both have rich biodiversity. B．They both offer special water views. C．They are both often hit by strong winds. D．They are both on the World Heritage List. 3．Which site best suits people who are interested in outdoor sports? A．Svalbard. B．Swiss Alps. C．Cliffs of Moher. D．Plitvice Lakes National Park. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲四处令人惊叹的自然奇观。 1．细节理解题。根据Norway: Svalbard部分的“This region lies close to the Arctic Circle and most of the region is covered with glaciers, making it largely an untouched area. (该地区靠近北极圈，大部分区域被冰川覆盖，使其基本上是一片未受人类影响的区域。)”可知，斯瓦尔巴大部分地区尚未开发。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据Croatia: Plitvice Lakes National Park部分的“It is well-known for its lakes, waterfalls and caves. (它以湖泊、瀑布和洞穴而闻名。)”和Ireland: Cliffs of Moher部分的“Located on Ireland’s coast, the amazing Cliffs of Moher are a sight to look at — the cliffs rise about 120 metres above the water and run for about 14 kilometres. (位于爱尔兰海岸边的莫赫悬崖景色十分壮观——这些悬崖高出水面约120米，绵延约14公里。)”可知，这两处的共同点是它们都提供了独特的水景。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据Switzerland: Swiss Alps部分的“Today, nature-lovers come in droves to the Swiss Alps for hiking, skiing, cycling and swimming. (如今，自然爱好者成群结队地来到瑞士阿尔卑斯山进行徒步、滑雪、骑行和游泳。)”可知，瑞士阿尔卑斯山最适合对户外运动感兴趣的人。故选B项。 Passage 3 If you take a walk through a Pittsburgh city park, you might come across a group of goats (山羊) eating poison ivy, one type of plants harmful to the ecosystem (生态系统). It is part of an experiment (实验). By eating a lot of plants, goats greatly cut down the plants that need to be treated with herbicides (除草剂). Herbicides are traditionally used to clear out unwanted plants. There is glyphosate in many herbicides, which is reported to lead to cancer — a serious illness. Herbicides can remain in the soil and on plants, and during rain, they are washed into streams and rivers, further polluting the ecosystem. There’s a need for goats all across the U.S., including California and New Mexico, where they help in wildfire prevention. Goats are sure-footed, and they enjoy climbing up and getting to the plants that are difficult for humans to clear away. They prefer woody plants, soft shoots and bushes (灌木丛) compared with other plant-eaters, such as cows, who are happy with grasses and low-lying plants. This makes goats perfect for clearing areas of high-growing woody plants that strengthen wildfires. However, there are challenges in using goats. Their hairs are thin, which means they couldn’t work outside in cold winter. Goats can break seeds (种子) of harmful plants down in their stomachs, so they don’t spread the plants they’re eating, but this also makes them easy to suffer from stomach illnesses. But when you think about the bigger picture, these problems are just small. One good thing that came from Pittsburgh’s goat experiment was the public interest it received. After the experiment finished, many other cities wanted to know how they could start a similar project. People, it turns out, also like goats. Park visitors love seeing the goats at work. Their presence brings a lot of joy and adds to the park experience! 1．Why are goats used in some city parks in the U.S.? A．To study their eating habits. B．To cut down the costs on herbicides. C．To attract more tourists to the parks. D．To deal with harmful plants in a natural way. 2．What can we infer about goats from paragraph 3? A．They are no better at climbing than cows. B．They prefer low-lying plants to woody bushes. C．They help prevent wildfires by eating specific plants. D．They are mainly raised in California and New Mexico. 3．What is the public’s attitude towards the goat project? A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Uncaring. D．Unclear. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．The Disadvantages of Using Herbicides in Parks B．How Goats Help Protect the Ecosystem in the U.S. C．Different Ways to Prevent Wildfires Across the U.S. D．How Pittsburgh’s Park Experiment Was Carried Out 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国部分城市公园引入山羊来清除有害植物、保护生态系统的做法，以及该做法的优势、挑战和公众反响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“If you take a walk through a Pittsburgh city park, you might come across a group of goats eating poison ivy, one type of plants harmful to the ecosystem. It is part of an experiment.(如果你在匹兹堡的城市公园散步，可能会遇到一群山羊在吃毒藤——一种对生态系统有害的植物。这是一项实验的一部分。)”和第二段“By eating a lot of plants, goats greatly cut down the plants that need to be treated with herbicides.(通过大量进食植物，山羊大幅减少了需要用除草剂处理的植物数量。)”可知，美国一些城市公园使用山羊是为了以自然方式处理有害植物。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“They prefer woody plants, soft shoots and bushes compared with other plant-eaters, such as cows, who are happy with grasses and low-lying plants. This makes goats perfect for clearing areas of high-growing woody plants that strengthen wildfires.(与其他食草动物如喜欢草和低矮植物的牛相比，山羊更喜欢木本植物、嫩枝和灌木丛。这使得山羊非常适合清理那些会加剧野火的高大木本植物区域。)”可知，山羊通过食用特定植物来帮助预防野火。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“One good thing that came from Pittsburgh’s goat experiment was the public interest it received. After the experiment finished, many other cities wanted to know how they could start a similar project. People, it turns out, also like goats. Park visitors love seeing the goats at work.(匹兹堡山羊实验带来的一个好处是获得了公众的关注。实验结束后，许多其他城市想知道如何启动类似的项目。事实证明，人们也喜欢山羊。公园游客喜欢看山羊工作。)”可知，公众对山羊项目的态度是积极的。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you take a walk through a Pittsburgh city park, you might come across a group of goats eating poison ivy, one type of plants harmful to the ecosystem. It is part of an experiment.(如果你在匹兹堡的城市公园散步，可能会遇到一群山羊在吃毒藤——一种对生态系统有害的植物。这是一项实验的一部分。)”、第二段“By eating a lot of plants, goats greatly cut down the plants that need to be treated with herbicides.(通过大量进食植物，山羊大幅减少了需要用除草剂处理的植物数量。)”以及第三段“There’s a need for goats all across the U.S., including California and New Mexico, where they help in wildfire prevention.(美国各地都需要山羊，包括加利福尼亚州和新墨西哥州，在那里它们有助于预防野火。)”可知，文章主要围绕山羊如何帮助保护美国的生态系统展开，因此“How Goats Help Protect the Ecosystem in the U.S.(山羊如何助力保护美国的生态系统)”是最适合的标题。故选B。 Passage 4 Natural High Points of States in Parks People love pursuing new heights, either through physical climbs or virtual experiences. Many of America’s state-high points lie in national parks, welcoming hikers, climbers, and drivers with breathtaking views. Alaska: Mount McKinley in Denali National Park The peak of Mount McKinley, located on the Alaska-Canada border, is not only the highest point in Alaska, but also on the continent of North America. The mountain, which is a world-famous destination for mountaineers, is so tall that it can be seen towering over the Alaska landscape by astronauts in space! California: Mt. Whitney in Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks Known as the tallest mountain in the “lower 48” states, Mt. Whitney is located on the far eastern boundary of Sequoia National Park. Requiring a permit before setting out, it is one of the most popular climbed mountain peaks in the Sierra Nevada with a height of 14, 494 feet. Tennessee: Clingmans Dome in Great Smoky Mountains National Park At 6,643 feet, Clingmans Dome is the highest point in the state. Most visitors drive to the top of the mountain if weather and conditions permit. On clear days, you can see more than 100 miles of a 360-degree breathtaking view from the mountain’s observation tower. Washington: Mount Rainier in Mount Rainier National Park Mount Rainier stands 14, 410 feet above sea level making it hard to miss. An active volcano, it is the highest mountain in the Cascade Range and the Cascade Volcanic Arc and poses an exciting challenge for prepared mountaineers. 1．What do we know about Mount McKinley? A．It is visible from space due to its height. B．It is easy for visitors to drive to its top. C．It is the highest on the continent of America. D．It is an active volcano on the US-Canada border. 2．What do the four mountains have in common? A．They are open to visitors anytime. B．They are the highest in their own state. C．They provide a 360-degree amazing view. D．They require professional climbing skills. 3．Where is this text most probably taken from? A．A book review. B．A research paper. C．A travel guidebook. D．An educational website. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍美国四座位于国家公园内的州最高点山脉，包括其位置、特点及游览相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The mountain, which is a world-famous destination for mountaineers, is so tall that it can be seen towering over the Alaska landscape by astronauts in space!(这座山是世界著名的登山胜地，它非常高，以至于太空中的宇航员都能看到它高耸于阿拉斯加的地貌之上！)”可知，麦金利山因高度极高，从太空可以看到。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The peak of Mount McKinley, located on the Alaska-Canada border, is not only the highest point in Alaska, but also on the continent of North America. (麦金利山位于阿拉斯加和加拿大边境，它不仅是阿拉斯加的最高点，也是北美大陆的最高点)”、第三段中的“Known as the tallest mountain in the “lower 48” states, Mt. Whitney is located on the far eastern boundary of Sequoia National Park.(惠特尼山位于红杉国家公园的远东边界，被称为“下48州”最高的山)”、第四段中的“At 6,643 feet, Clingmans Dome is the highest point in the state.(克林曼斯圆顶高6643英尺，是该州的最高点)”及第五段中的“An active volcano, it is the highest mountain in the Cascade Range and the Cascade Volcanic Arc and poses an exciting challenge for prepared mountaineers.(它是一座活火山，是喀斯喀特山脉和喀斯喀特火山弧中最高的山峰，对准备好的登山者来说是一个令人兴奋的挑战)”可知，这四座山的共同点是均为各自所在州的最高点。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了美国四座位于国家公园内的州最高点山脉，包括其位置、高度、景观及游览注意事项，内容具有旅游指引性质，因此最可能来自旅游指南。故选C项。 Passage 5 A global agreement designed to protect the world’s oceans is set to become international law. Morocco became the 60th country to sign The High Seas Treaty on Friday, meaning that it will come into force. The deal, which has been two decades in the making, will pave the way for international waters to be placed into marine (海洋的) protected areas. “Covering more than two-thirds of the ocean, the agreement sets official rules to protect and sustainably use marine biodiversity.” United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Gutters said. Decades of over-fishing, pollution from shipping and warming oceans from climate change have damaged life below the surface. In the latest assessment of marine species, nearly 10% were found to be at a risk of extinction, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature. But protecting the high seas is challenging. No one country controls these waters and all nations have a right to ship and fish there. At present just 1% of the high seas are protected, leaving marine life at a risk of over-exploitation. So, in 2023, countries signed the High Seas Treaty, promising to put 30% of these waters into Marine Protected Areas. But it could only come into force if at least 60 nations officially approved it. Mad Christian, executive director of Greenpeace International, called it “a landmark moment” and “proof that countries can come together to protect our blue planet”. “The era of overuse and destruction must end. Our oceans can’t wait, neither can we.” he added. Once the treaty comes into force, countries will propose areas to be protected, and this will then be voted on by the countries that sign up to the treaty. 1．What is required for The High Seas Treaty to take effect? A．Achievement of the sea protection goal. B．Official agreement from at least 60 nations. C．Two decades of negotiation and preparation. D．Morocco’s role as the final approving nation. 2．Why does the author mention “1%” and “30%” in paragraph 4? A．To stress the significance of the treaty. B．To uncover the over-fishing phenomenon. C．To show the achievements in ocean protection. D．To indicate different opinions among countries. 3．What is the Mad’s attitude to the treaty? A．Neutral. B．Critical. C．Negative. D．Supportive. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Ocean Problems and the Call for Action B．The High Seas Treaty: New Rules for Fishing C．A Landmark Step: Global Ocean Treaty to Take Effect D．How Countries Are Working Together to Save Ocean Life 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了随着摩洛哥的签署，《公海条约》满足生效条件，将成为国际法，旨在保护海洋生物多样性并结束对公海的过度开发。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段“But it could only come into force if at least 60 nations officially approved it.(但只有当至少60个国家正式批准该协议后，它才能生效)”可知，《公海条约》要生效需要至少60个国家的正式同意。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“At present just 1% of the high seas are protected, leaving marine life at a risk of over-exploitation. So, in 2023, countries signed the High Seas Treaty, promising to put 30% of these waters into Marine Protected Areas.(目前，公海仅有1%得到了保护，这使得海洋生物面临着过度开发的风险。因此，在2023年，各国签署了《公海条约》，承诺将这些海域的30%划定为海洋保护区)”可知，作者在第四段中提及“1%”和“30%”是为了强调该条约的重要性。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Mad Christian, executive director of Greenpeace International, called it “a landmark moment” and “proof that countries can come together to protect our blue planet”. “The era of overuse and destruction must end. Our oceans can’t wait, neither can we.” he added.(绿色和平国际组织的执行董事马德·克里斯蒂安称这一事件为“具有里程碑意义的时刻”，并表示“这证明各国能够携手保护我们美丽的蓝色星球”。他还补充道：“过度使用和破坏的时代必须终结。我们的海洋不能等待，我们也不能等待。”)”可知，Mad是支持态度。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A global agreement designed to protect the world’s oceans is set to become international law. Morocco became the 60th country to sign The High Seas Treaty on Friday, meaning that it will come into force. The deal, which has been two decades in the making, will pave the way for international waters to be placed into marine (海洋的) protected areas.(一项旨在保护全球海洋的全球性协议即将成为国际法。摩洛哥于周五成为第60个签署《公海条约》的国家，这意味着该协议将正式生效。这项历经二十年筹备的协议将为将国际水域纳入海洋保护区铺平道路)”结合本文报道了随着摩洛哥的签署，《公海条约》满足生效条件，将成为国际法，旨在保护海洋生物多样性并结束对公海的过度开发。可知，C选项“具有里程碑意义的举措：全球海洋条约即将生效”最符合文章标题。故选C。 Passage 6 At an altitude over 4,500 meters in Burang County, Ngari Prefecture, Southwest China’s Xizang Autonomous Region, lies Mapam Yumco Lake. For over a decade, 42-year-old Dradul has dedicated himself to protecting the wetland around this precious lake as an ecosystem guardian. Before becoming a guardian, he struggled with temporary jobs and hoped for a steady salary. Now, he earns a stable monthly income of 2,000 yuan and comes to feel a deep sense of purpose. “Protecting this lake makes me proud. It’s not just work — it’s about preserving it for future generations,” he said. Dradul’s workday begins early. He patrols (巡查) a fixed 10-kilometer route by motorcycle, with duties including observing the reserve, recording data, and addressing ecological threats. Last February, he and his team rescued a wing-broken eagle, sending it to a rescue center until it recovered. This July, they spent 20 minutes pulling a trapped wild yak out of a mudflat with ropes. Educating visitors is another core task. Dradul reminds tourists not to litter, drive on delicate grasslands, or leave waste. “In the past, the wetland was full of garbage and had fewer wild animals,” Dradul recalled. Today, the wetland is home to 411 plant species and 157 wildlife species — a remarkable level of biodiversity for such a high-altitude area. Yet, the work is far from easy. Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland degradation. Human activities also continue — some visitors still litter, bathe, or wash cars in the lake. With nearly 99,000 hectares (公顷) of wetland and only 90 guardians, remote areas can’t be patrolled daily. Despite these difficulties, Dradul remains hopeful. He dreams of Mapam Yumco Lake staying pure forever. “This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations,” he emphasized. 1．What’s the original purpose of Dradul to work as a guardian? A．To protect a precious wetland. B．To help animals in need. C．To earn a stable income. D．To seek a sense of purpose. 2．Which of the following can best describe Dradul’s job? A．Challenging but worthwhile. B．Relaxing and effective. C．Well-paid but dangerous. D．Flexible and professional. 3．What does the underlined word “degradation” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Improvement B．Decline C．Expansion D．Stability 4．What can we learn from Dradul? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Small efforts make a big difference. C．Chance favors the prepared mind. D．Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了西藏阿里地区普兰县玛旁雍错湖生态守护者扎杜尔，十年如一日守护高原湿地的工作日常、面临的挑战，以及他对这份工作的坚守与期许。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Before becoming a guardian, he struggled with temporary jobs and hoped for a steady salary. Now, he earns a stable monthly income of 2,000 yuan and comes to feel a deep sense of purpose. (成为守护者之前，他做着临时工作，渴望一份稳定的薪水。现在，他每月有2000元的稳定收入，并逐渐感受到强烈的使命感。)”可知，扎杜尔最初从事守护者工作的目的是赚取稳定的收入，使命感是后来逐渐产生的。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中扎杜尔日常巡查、救助动物、宣传环保等工作内容，以及第四段“Yet, the work is far from easy. Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland degradation. Human activities also continue — some visitors still litter, bathe, or wash cars in the lake. With nearly 99,000 hectares (公顷) of wetland and only 90 guardians, remote areas can’t be patrolled daily. (然而，这份工作绝非易事。气候变化是一大威胁：冰川消融、降雨模式改变，导致湖岸线发生变化，草原出现degradation。人类的不当活动也仍在持续 —— 部分游客依旧在湖边乱扔垃圾、下水洗澡或是清洗车辆。这片湿地面积近9.9万公顷，而守护者仅有90人，偏远区域无法做到每日巡查。)”和第二段中的“Protecting this lake makes me proud. It’s not just work — it’s about preserving it for future generations. (保护这片湖泊让我感到自豪。这不仅仅是一份工作——更是为后代守护它。)”可推断，扎杜尔的工作充满挑战，但意义重大、值得去做。故选A项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland degradation. (气候变化是主要威胁：冰川融化和降雨模式变化导致湖岸线变化和草原degradation。)”可知，划线词与“threat(威胁)”“shoreline changes(湖岸线变化)”并列，均为气候变化带来的负面影响，结合语境可猜测其意为“退化、恶化”，与decline。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations. (这份责任，虽然建立在日常点滴努力之上，却必须传承下去。凭借真诚与执着，即使是最简单的行动，也能守护湖泊的美丽，惠及子孙后代。)”可知，扎杜尔的坚守体现了“点滴努力能带来大改变”的理念，即“点滴努力，大有可为”。故选B项。 Passage 7 When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply? This question was raised after a group of penguins (企鹅) were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves. The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film sighed in relief. “I’m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn’t bothering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook. However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. “You can’t have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse.” said the show’s creator David Attenborough, according to The Times. In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. “There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren’t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... They had the chance not to have to keep slipping down the slope.” he told the BBC． Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, “If it’s ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of the way. Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.” “There’s no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there in front of you.” Will Lawson, the show’s director, told Daily Mail. 1．What has led to a heated media discussion? A．The rescue of penguins from a gully. B．People’s various opinions on penguins. C．Some penguinsˈ sufferings in a gully. D．Ways of filming the series Dynasties. 2．What’s Mike Gunton’s attitude towards human interference? A．Uncaring. B．Negative. C．Positive. D．Unconditional. 3．Which of the following best explains the word “gut-wrenching” underlined in Paragraph 6? A．Making one confused. B．Making one heartbroken. C．Putting one in danger. D．Making one amazed. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Protect Animals From Dying Out B．Necessity of Lending a Hand to Animals C．Help Animals in Trouble or Not D．Human Interference on Dangerous Animals 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过南极企鹅获救的案例，引发人们对是否应该救助困境中的动物这一问题的讨论。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“This question was raised after a group of penguins (企鹅) were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties.(在南极洲，一群企鹅从冰冷的峡谷中被救出后，这个问题被提了出来。这一场景被拍摄下来，用于英国广播公司（BBC）的野生动物系列纪录片《王朝》。)”以及第三段“The case has taken the international media by storm.(这一事件在国际媒体上引发了轩然大波。)”可知，引发媒体热议的是救助峡谷中的企鹅这一事件，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段“There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren’t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this...They had the chance not to have to keep slipping down the slope.(干预不会让任何动物受苦。你并没有触碰动物，只是觉得这样做…… 它们就有机会不再一直往下滑坡。)”可知，他对此次人类干预持积极态度，故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线词所在句“If it’s ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of the way.(如果遇到捕食者捕猎的场景，无论场面多么gut-wrenching，你都不能插手干预。)”中的“If it’s ever a predator (捕食者) situation”以及下文“Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.(即使你看到一只雄性北极熊在吃小熊。)”可知，“no matter how gut-wrenching”指的是“无论捕食者捕猎的场景让人情感上多么难受，令人心碎的”，gut-wrenching与Making one heartbroken表达的意思一致，意为“令人心碎的”，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?(当我们看到有人陷入困境时，我们脑海中首先想到的就是伸出援手。但是，如果我们看到动物陷入困境，是否也适用同样的规则呢？)”可知，全文围绕是否救助困境中的动物展开讨论，因此最好的题目是C选项“Help Animals in Trouble or Not(是否要帮助陷入困境的动物)”。故选C。 Passage 8 Plastic pollution has become a global environmental crisis, especially in the world’s oceans. Each year, around 8 million tons of plastic waste enters the oceans, harming marine life and disrupting ecosystems. A recent study shows even tiny amounts of plastic are deadly — less than a sugar cube’s volume can kill half of Atlantic puffins (海鹦). Tragically, sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, their primary food, leading to fatal intestinal blockages (肠梗阻). Scientists and environmentalists are now urging for urgent action to reduce plastic use and clean up existing pollution. A recent study by a team of international researchers examined the impact of plastic on coral reefs, which are home to a quarter of all marine species. The study found that corals in areas with high plastic pollution are 20 times more likely to develop diseases. Plastic debris can block sunlight from reaching corals and provide a breeding ground for harmful bacteria, leading to their decline — a loss that would destroy fishing communities dependent on reef ecosystems. To address this issue, many countries have introduced bans on single-use plastics like straws, bags, and bottles. Some companies are also developing eco-friendly alternatives, such as packaging made from seaweed or recycled materials. Additionally, organizations are launching ocean cleanup projects, using advanced technologies like floating barriers and drones (无人机) to collect plastic waste from the sea before it breaks down into microplastics. However, experts warn that these efforts are not enough. They emphasize that a global agreement is needed to limit plastic production at its source. Without coordinated (协调的) action from governments, businesses, and individuals — such as choosing reusable products and supporting sustainable policies — the future of our oceans and marine life remains at risk. 1．What can we learn from the example of Atlantic puffins and sea turtles? A．Plastic waste mainly threatens seabirds and reptiles. B．Marine animals are suffering severe harm from plastic pollution. C．Tiny plastics are more dangerous than large plastic debris. D．Jellyfish and sugar cubes are similar to plastic in marine animals’ eyes. 2．Why are coral reefs easily affected by plastic pollution? A．Because plastic provides food for corals. B．Because marine species in reefs carry plastic to corals. C．Because coral reefs absorb plastic waste quickly. D．Because plastic blocks sunlight and helps harmful bacteria breed. 3．Which of the following is an eco-friendly alternative to single-use plastics? A．Floating barriers used in ocean cleanup. B．Drones collecting plastic waste from the sea. C．Packaging made from recycled materials. D．Global agreements limiting plastic production. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Individual actions have no effect on solving plastic pollution. B．Current measures have completely solved ocean plastic problems. C．Governments alone can stop plastic production. D．Global cooperation is essential to control plastic pollution at the source. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍塑料污染成为全球性环境危机，对海洋生物和生态系统造成严重危害，以及相关应对措施和呼吁。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A recent study shows even tiny amounts of plastic are deadly — less than a sugar cube’s volume can kill half of Atlantic puffins (海鹦). Tragically, sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, their primary food, leading to fatal intestinal blockages (肠梗阻). (最近的一项研究表明，即使是微量的塑料也具有致命性——体积不到一块方糖的塑料就能杀死一半的大西洋海鹦。可悲的是，海龟常常将塑料袋误认为它们的主要食物水母，进而导致致命的肠梗阻。)”可知，大西洋海鹦和海龟的例子表明海洋动物正遭受塑料污染的严重危害。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Plastic debris can block sunlight from reaching corals and provide a breeding ground for harmful bacteria, leading to their decline — a loss that would destroy fishing communities dependent on reef ecosystems.(塑料碎片会阻挡阳光照射到珊瑚，还会成为有害细菌的滋生地，进而导致珊瑚数量减少，而这一损失会摧毁依赖珊瑚礁生态系统的渔业社区。)”可知，珊瑚礁易受塑料污染影响的原因是塑料会阻挡阳光且利于有害细菌繁殖。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Some companies are also developing eco-friendly alternatives, such as packaging made from seaweed or recycled materials.(一些公司也在开发环保替代品，例如用海藻或回收材料制成的包装。)”可知，用回收材料制作的包装是一次性塑料的环保替代品。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They emphasize that a global agreement is needed to limit plastic production at its source. Without coordinated (协调的) action from governments, businesses, and individuals — such as choosing reusable products and supporting sustainable policies — the future of our oceans and marine life remains at risk.(他们强调，需要达成一项全球协议，从源头上限制塑料生产。如果没有政府、企业和个人的协调行动——例如选择可重复使用的产品和支持可持续发展政策——我们海洋和海洋生物的未来仍将面临风险。)”可知，全球合作对于从源头上控制塑料污染至关重要。故选D项。 重难语篇练习 Passage 1 A month ago, a 2.5-pound Chihuahua named Niblet won the hearts of the Humane Educational Society (HES) staff. They soon found Niblet had a special medical condition: a soft spot on his head, which is part of hydrocephalus (脑积水). This made small household accidents life-threatening. HES turned to UTC’s mechanical engineering professor Trevor Elliott for help. Dr. Samantha Blair from HES contacted the university, and the engineering department offered hope that day. Blair remembered the university’s 3D printing skills, which were key to making a protective cap for Niblet. Professor Elliott rushed to help after hearing about Niblet. “As soon as I saw his cute little face, I said, ‘We’ve got to help,’” he recalled. He asked Connor Mackey, a May graduate who led UTC’s team to win a NASA 3D Printing Award, to join, and Mackey agreed right away. To create the headgear (头部防护装备), Elliott got Justin Stephens from Volkswagen to scan Niblet’s head for a 3D image. Then Elliott and Mackey tried different designs: Mackey’s looked like a football helmet, while Elliott’s was more like a cap. After many times of changes, they met at HES on July 15 to fit Niblet with the gear. Luckily, Niblet quickly got used to Mackey’s design. Mackey was amazed by the result: “It’s crazy what you can do. Getting a scan and modeling around it was simple, but it’s cool to save a dog’s life with this process.” Elliott also felt proud: “Seeing him walk around with the helmet and knowing our solution will help him is great.” HES’s Sarah Callahan said fitting a dog with headgear was “unchartered territory (未知领域)” for them, but they hoped it would let Niblet live a long and happy life. HES’s head Caroline Smith praised everyone’s quick action: “In our work, happy endings aren’t always possible, so it’s nice to see people come together for an animal.” She added that the rescue needed lots of teamwork, and they were thankful UTC stepped in. Without the 3D - printed helmet, Niblet would have struggled to survive, but now, he has a chance for a good, long life. 1．What is the main reason Niblet needed a protective headgear? A．He needed comfort for himself. B．He had a serious disease which may ruin his life. C．He was too small and weak to walk on his own. D．He often fought with other animals at the Humane Educational Society. 2．Why did Dr. Samantha Blair contact the university? A．To get engineering tools. B．To borrow a protective cap. C．To ask for 3D printing help. D．To find an excellent graduate. 3．What does the passage imply about the rescue of Niblet? A．It was an easy task thanks to Professor Elliott’s efforts. B．Niblet’s condition was too serious to be improved by the helmet. C．Teamwork between different groups can solve difficult problems. D．The 3D - printed helmet was so expensive that HES almost gave up. 4．What is Caroline Smith’s attitude towards the 3D-printed helmet? A．Doubtful. B．Optimistic. C．Uncaring. D．Confused. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小吉娃娃犬Niblet因患有脑积水需要防护头盔，HES向UTC的机械工程教授Trevor Elliott求助，在多方团队合作下，用3D打印技术为Niblet制作了头盔，使其有机会过上美好长寿的生活。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They soon found Niblet had a special medical condition: a soft spot on his head, which is part of hydrocephalus (脑积水). This made small household accidents life-threatening.(他们很快发现Niblet有一种特殊的身体状况：他头上有一个软点，这是脑积水的一部分。这使得小型的家庭事故都可能危及生命。)”可知，Niblet需要防护头盔的主要原因是它患有严重的疾病，这种疾病可能会危及它的生命。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Blair remembered the university’s 3D printing skills, which were key to making a protective cap for Niblet.(布莱尔想起了这所大学的3D打印技术，这是为Niblet制作防护帽的关键。)”可知，Samantha Blair博士联系大学是为了寻求3D打印方面的帮助。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She added that the rescue needed lots of teamwork, and they were thankful UTC stepped in.(她补充说，这次救援需要大量的团队合作，他们很感激UTC的介入。)”以及前文对各方合作制作头盔的描述可知，文章暗示了不同团队之间的合作可以解决难题。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“HES’s head Caroline Smith praised everyone’s quick action: ‘In our work, happy endings aren’t always possible, so it’s nice to see people come together for an animal.’(HES的负责人Caroline Smith赞扬了每个人的快速行动：‘在我们的工作中，圆满的结局并不总是可能的，所以看到人们为了一个动物而团结起来真是太好了。’)”和“Without the 3D-printed helmet, Niblet would have struggled to survive, but now, he has a chance for a good, long life.(如果没有那顶 3D 打印的头盔，Niblet 恐怕难以存活下来，但现在他有了一个能过上健康长寿生活的机会)”可知，Caroline Smith对3D打印头盔持乐观态度。故选B项。 Passage 2 Over the past few decades, firefly populations have been declining due to factors like light pollution, pesticides, and habitat loss. Now there’s a ray of hope: A recent study suggests there’s reason to be optimistic for these vulnerable insects. They’re more prevalent this summer than they have been in years. According to Popular Science, residents across the U.S. have been seeing a jump in firefly numbers in recent weeks. There have even been increases in urban areas, such as New York City and Washington, D．C． While firefly numbers still aren’t what they used to be, the change signals a positive outlook for the insects. The increased numbers of the glowing bugs in many states could be linked to the factors below: Climate plays a significant part in firefly reproduction, as they tend to seek out wet soil to lay their eggs. Many states saw decent rainfall this year, which could have led to the insects’ population growth. Besides, firefly larvae (幼虫) live for about two years before pupating (化蛹) and becoming the glowing creatures we’re familiar with. When the insects emerge from their pupal stage to find mates, they will live for a few weeks, depending on the environment and species. Firefly prevalence can vary by year because of this factor, and some places may be simply experiencing good timing this summer. Fireflies aren’t just visually pleasing-they also help the environment. A 2019 report from the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation highlighted the ecological benefits of fireflies. The larvae of the species primarily feed on snails and slugs, both of which damage plants. These insects also contribute to the diets of many creatures in the animal kingdom, especially various spider species. Environment America also shares that some species feed on pollen and nectar (花蜜), benefiting many flowering plants. We may be lucky enough to enjoy their twinkling light shows for years to come if we make an effort to take care of them. We can help fireflies out by doing simple things, such as turning off lights at night so as not to confuse the insects, and weeding the yard less frequently. It also won’t hurt to avoid using pesticides outside and share our awareness about the lovely creatures. 1．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Widespread. B．Rare. C．Endangered. D．Colorful. 2．What are the reasons for the rise in firefly numbers this summer? A．Wet soil and long larval stage. B．Enough rain and proper lifecycle. C．Mild climate and less light pollution. D．More pesticides and frequent mowing. 3．What environmental value do fireflies have? A．They feed on spiders and plants. B．They control pest populations. C．They offer beautiful light displays. D．They keep ecological stability. 4．Which of the following is the best way to protect firefly? A．Keep our yard dry and tidy. B．Turn on lights to attract them. C．Make small conscious daily adjustments. D．Conduct systematic protection projects. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍萤火虫数量下降的原因、今年数量回升的缘由、生态价值及日常可执行的保护方法。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“They’re more prevalent this summer than they have been in years.(今年夏天它们比往年更prevalent。)”及第二段“residents across the U.S. have been seeing a jump in firefly numbers(美国各地居民都看到萤火虫数量激增)”可知，“prevalent”与“数量激增、随处可见”呼应，意为“普遍的、广泛的”。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Climate plays a significant part in firefly reproduction, as they tend to seek out wet soil to lay their eggs. Many states saw decent rainfall this year, which could have led to the insects’ population growth. Besides, firefly larvae live for about two years before pupating and becoming the glowing creatures we’re familiar with. When the insects emerge from their pupal stage to find mates, they will live for a few weeks, depending on the environment and species. Firefly prevalence can vary by year because of this factor, and some places may be simply experiencing good timing this summer.(气候对萤火虫的繁殖起着至关重要的作用，因为这类昆虫倾向于寻找湿润的土壤来产卵。今年，多个州迎来了充沛的降雨，这有可能是导致萤火虫种群数量增长的原因。 此外，萤火虫幼虫需要生长约两年的时间才会化蛹，最终变成我们熟悉的会发光的成虫。当萤火虫从蛹期羽化而出、前去交配时，其成虫的寿命仅有几周，具体时长会受环境与物种类型的影响。正是受这一因素的影响，萤火虫的种群数量会出现年度波动，而今年夏天，部分地区或许只是恰逢其种群数量的高峰期。)”可知，数量回升的原因是充足雨水提供湿土、生命周期阶段契合带来的数量波动。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Fireflies aren’t just visually pleasing-they also help the environment. A 2019 report from the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation highlighted the ecological benefits of fireflies. The larvae of the species primarily feed on snails and slugs, both of which damage plants. These insects also contribute to the diets of many creatures in the animal kingdom, especially various spider species. Environment America also shares that some species feed on pollen and nectar, benefiting many flowering plants.(萤火虫不仅具有观赏价值，还能对生态环境起到积极作用。2019 年，无脊椎动物保护协会泽西斯协会发布的一份报告，着重强调了萤火虫带来的生态效益。萤火虫的幼虫主要以蜗牛和蛞蝓为食，而这两种生物都会对植物造成损害。萤火虫还会成为动物界诸多生物的食物来源，尤其是各类蜘蛛的捕食对象。美国环境组织也指出，部分萤火虫种类会以花粉和花蜜为食，这能为多种开花植物带来益处。)”可知，萤火虫通过捕食害虫、成为其他生物食物、帮助植物传粉，维持生态稳定。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“We can help fireflies out by doing simple things, such as turning off lights at night so as not to confuse the insects, and weeding the yard less frequently. It also won’t hurt to avoid using pesticides outside and share our awareness about the lovely creatures.(我们可以通过一些简单的举动来帮助萤火虫生存，比如夜间关灯，避免对这类昆虫造成干扰，同时减少庭院除草的频率。此外，避免在户外使用杀虫剂，以及向他人宣传保护这些可爱小生灵的意识，也会对它们大有裨益。)”可知，保护萤火虫的最佳方式是日常有意识地做些小调整。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $