题型四 阅读理解-【决胜中考】2025年中考英语全程复习（安徽专版）

题型四 名听 精讲一：阅读理解的题型认识 “阅读理解”是指阅读所给的文字材料，通过 认识语言形式与结构而获取文字信息，掌握其主 要内容并理解其含义的过程。 阅读理解对体裁的考查较多样，多为记叙 文、说明文、应用文、议论文。有时也会涉及新闻 报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等。总之对于 体裁的考查不会太单一。而文章的题材内容也 比较丰富，一般会有小故事、日常生活事件、报纸 杂志内容、文化习俗、名人逸事等。这就需要考 生在平时对各方面的知识都有所积累。 精讲二：解题方法技巧 在做英语阅读时，首先通读全文，不要被某 个或某些自己不熟悉的单词所困扰，了解大概意 思。然后看问题，带着问题精读全文，同时选择 答案，必要时用排除法。注意，文章中一般都会 有答案，有的可以直接找到。但平时多积累词汇 量，答题便会更为主动、有把握。 以下为阅读理解题的方法和技巧： 1.获取段落的主旨和大意。 最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章（或 一段文字)通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的 而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个 能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫作主题句。 2.根据上下文猜测词义。 猜测词义也是一种英语阅读能力。英语阅 读理解试题中有不少这样的题目。任何一个实 词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的 词义。上下文的作用就是帮助确定上下文中的 词、短语或句子的意义。据此，我们可以尽可能 地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知， 也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不 212 阅读理解> 精讲 熟悉的词的词义。 3.确定细节和事实。 在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细 节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这 些题目有两个共同特点： (1)凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都 可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为 验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可 能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用 词和表达方式不同。 (2)干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答 案的细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真 假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解的确定细节 和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信 息点，二要排除干扰项。 4.进行合理推断。 所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信 息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已 知部分，从中推断出未知部分。需要推断的有关 文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至 是全文。 典例解析 (2024·安徽) During their busy lives,people do not pay much attention to the expiry dates(有效期)on the food in their fridges.As a result,a lot of food is forgotten about and wasted.However, according to a recent research,being aware of (意识到)what you throw away can help you waste less. The researchers measured(计量)food waste from 154 families across the UK.Half of these RJ题型四阅读理解 families in the research were asked to list the fruits and vegetables they had bought and their expiry dates.The families stuck the list on the fridge door and received a text message every day telling them to check it.The other half did not have to make a list and did not receive text messages.Over a six-week period,all the families were asked to measure their food waste at the end of each week. The researchers were surprised to find that making lists and getting texts made little difference to how much food was wasted.How- ever,each family in the research wasted less food-about 0.1 kilo a week. The researchers carried on the research for six months,and found that all the families continued to waste less food.This shows that just measuring food waste encourages people to pay closer attention to it and throw less away. ()63.What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph2 refer to(指的是)？ A.The research. B.The list. C.The door. D.The message. 针对性 A(2024·江西改编) Ed was a professional football player,but in 2017 he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that,he couldn't move his body from the shoulders down. Doctors told him that he'd probably never walk again,but Ed didn't want to believe this.He had recently got engaged(订婚)to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the 第三部分题型研究 ()64.What is introduced in Paragraph 3 about the six-week research? A.Its purpose. B.Its method. C.Its steps. D.Its results. ( )65.Which of the following is the best title (标题)for the text? A.Measure Food Waste to Stop It B.Pay Attention to What You Buy C.Check the Food Before Storing It D.Give Thought to Your Busy Life [解析]63.B代词指代题。根据第二段“The families stuck the list on the fridge door and received a text message every day telling them to check it.”可知，这些家庭把食物清单贴在冰 箱门上，并且被告知需要每天检查清单。故此处 it指代上文中提到的“清单”。 64.D细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers were surprised to find that making lists and getting texts made little difference to how much food was wasted.”可知，本段主要介绍了研究的结果。 65.A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了 一项关于食物浪费的研究，研究发现，只要监测 食物浪费情况就可以减少食物的浪费，所以A 选项“测量食物浪费来阻止它”作为标题最合适。 [答案]63一65BDA 生练习 main reason he wanted to get better.He spent six days staring at his toes(脚趾)and trying to make them move-and,finally,he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey. While in hospital,Ed met Paul,a man in his late thirties.Doctors had also told Paul he would never walk again,but Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later,Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick. 213 Only a year after his accident,Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales.Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-meter mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements. Two years later,31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848 meters,the height of the world's highest mountain,by going up and down his parents stairs 2,783 times.When he finished,he told a news reporter he had loved it although it some- times was“painful'”and“boring”.He also raised 46,000 for charity. Ed hopes his story can help people.That's why he started his own charity,M2M,which aims to support "people facing challenges in life.” ()1.Who did Ed want to get better mainly for? A.His parents. B.His doctor. C.His friend. D.His wife. ()2.What does the underlined word“it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A.Raising money. B.Doing new movements. C.Visiting parents. D.Going up and down stairs. ()3.What would be the best title for the passage? A.A Football Player B.A Challenge Lover C.A Charity Worker D.A Mountain Climber B(2024·河北) Mike,a 12-year-old boy,lived in a hillside village.His neighboring village was famous because of a great discovery there.In 2003, 214 paleontologists(古生物学家)found the bones (骨头)of the largest dinosaur(恐龙)in Europe in a field near his neighboring village. Mike liked dinosaurs more than anything else in the world.He also believed that there was an amazing dinosaur bone under the ground of his own village.His dream was to be the first person to find it. One summer morning,Mike was exploring (勘查)in a field near a river..He looked up to see his two friends Fern and Pepe running toward him with a colorful kite.Mike enjoyed playing with his friends and began to fly the kite with them.As he ran,he fell to the ground."I caught my left foot on this grey object,"he said. “A rock,”said Fern. Mike looked at it carefully."I don't think it's a rock,he said excitedly. “Let me pull it out,”said Pepe.. “No,”said Mike.“It's better to leave the object right here.” Mike and the boys ran to school to tell their teacher.The teacher called the paleontologist's office.The next day,a paleon- tologist came to the village to examine the object..“It could be a dinosaur bone,”he said. Soon,many paleontologists came and more bones were found.They turned out to come from a new kind of dinosaur. Fern asked,"What do we call this dino- saur?”“Interesting question,”said one of the paleontologists,“we'll call it Mikesaur!” ()4.Why was Mike's neighboring village well-known？ A.Scientists often visited it. RJ题型四阅读理解 B.It was the largest in Europe. C.High hills were behind it. D.A great discovery was made there. ()5.What was Mike doing before he met his friends? A.Flying a kite. B.Exploring in the field. C.Collecting grey objects. D.Giving a report to his teacher. ()6.Why did Mike say "It's better to leave the object right here."? A.He thought it was a rock. B.He thought it was a common bone. C.He thought it was difficult to move. D.He thought it was something valuable. ()7.What do you think most probably happened next? A.Fern got an expensive gift. B.The teacher sent Pepe to hospital. C.Mike felt proud of himself. D.More people moved into this village. C(2024·重庆A卷) Standing on the beach of Copacabana,I come to realize that any understanding of Brazil really begins on its beaches.Everyone here has his or her perfect beach and is ready to tell you where to find it.I'm happy to take people's advice,but my final goal is to find my own dream beach. I head to Bahia,a place with Brazil's best coastline.Over the centuries,people of many races have arrived here,creating a wonderful cultural mix.This mix influences Bahia's language,food,music,and dance. On arriving at one of Bahia's best beaches-Prainha,I discover its golden sand 第三部分题型研究 lined by a row of perfect trees,moving softly in the ocean wind.As I enter the water,I have the feeling of swimming through moonlight. Prainha's beauty is like something you might see in a postcard.But for me,it's a little too perfect.▲ I continue my search,heading north to Maceio,a fisherman's beach.Boats lie on their sides while nets hang out to dry on lines between fishermen's houses.We eat on the beach and later rest near the table.It's a great day,but I have one final place to visit. A few hundred kilometers out in the Atlantic,the islands of Fernando de Noronha are a national park,rich with birds and sea life. I visit a number of beaches on Fernando,but I leave the best one for last. The beach at Praia do Leao has perfect sand,sea and sky.The water is pale blue and warm,alive with colorful fish and other sea life;the sand is the color of honey.The rocks and strong winds have the touch of wildness I was looking for.I dig my toes in the sand deeply and imagine I can hold on to this place forever. ()8.Which is the first beach the writer visits? A.Maceio. B.Praia do Leao. C.Prainha. D.Copacabana. ()9.What can we learn from the passage? A.Prainha is a popular beach for fishermen. B.Bahia is a place with a wonderful cultural mix. C.The islands of Fernando are very rich 215 in honey. D.Maceio's beauty is like something in a postcard. ()io.Which sentence can be put in the▲？ A.The beach I'm searching for needs to be a little wilder B.The beach I'm looking for is a place for fishermen to fish. C.The beach I'm searching for needs to be famous to tourists. D.The beach I'm looking for is popular with parents and children. ( )11.What is the best title for this passage? A.An Unknown Beach B.Memories of Vacation C.The Perfect Beach D.A Tour of Education D(2024·湖北改编) The Smiths woke up earlier than usual. There was something about hiking(远足)that made them feel wide awake and excited to start the day as their eyes were open. The family had a simple breakfast.They discussed the plan for the day at table."Dad and I looked at a map last night,said Mrs.Smith. “We found a nearby trail(小径).There are many interesting things along the way,and best of all,there will be a surprise at the end of the trail..” “What kind of surprise?”asked Jenny. “It won't be a surprise if we tell you,” laughed her mom."The sooner you get ready to go,the sooner you'll find out." They set out for hiking soon.It was a good day for seeing wildlife.Along the trail,the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying 216 around.Hearing a noise in the grass,they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail. After a while,Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees and Mr.Smith took photos before they ran away. Then,they continued their hiking.Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen on the way.At this moment, they came to an open area with some small pools.The kids'eyes grew wide.They looked at their parents. "Is this the surprise?"asked Mike in excitement. Mr.and Mrs.Smith smiled as they walked over to one of the small pools..Steam(蒸汽)rose into the air.“They're hot springs(温泉)，” explained Mr.Smith."The heat is produced from inside Earth.” “Could we have a bath(洗澡)in the spring if we have our bathing suits,asked Jenny. Mrs.Smith nodded."Your bathing suits are in the bag."She laughed,putting her feet into the spring water. “Ican't believe it！Mom and Dad.This is a great surprise."Jumped Jenny. ()12.Which is the right order of the animals they saw on the way? A.snakes-→birds-→rabbits->monkeys B.monkeys->snakes->birds->rabbits C.rabbits→snakes-→monkeys→birds D.birds→rabbits-→monkeys->snakes ()13.What does the underlined word "surprise" refer to(指代)？ A.An open area. B.The hot spring. C.A nearby trail. D.The heat from inside Earth. RJ题型四阅读理解 )14.Why did the family make the plan for the day? A.To take photos. B.To enjoy nature. C.To watch birds. D.To protect wildlife ( )15.What is the best title for the passage? A.A Natural Bath B.A Lucky Family C.A Humorous Mom D.A Beautiful Pool E(2024·天津) The Internet is often used to buy and sell products,pay bills,and communicate with people.But how safe is it when you use the Internet?Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences. Linda,29,nurse:I pay all my bills online. One day,I received an email from my bank.It told me that someone was trying to take out money from my account(账号)，so I should email my password(密码)to the“bank manager”.I felt something was wrong,so I called my bank and asked about the email.The bank said they never sent it.I realised that someone tried to cheat() me of my money.I'll continue paying my bills this way,but I'll be more careful. Emily,22,office worker:I was at work, and I sent an email to a friend of mine.I was telling her about my problems with Mark,the manager.A few minutes later,a friend of Mark's came over to my desk.He said,"So you think Mark is too strict?"My face was red.I chose the wrong name on my address list.It was my own fault,so I'll look over my emails more carefully before I click "Send"next time. 第三部分题型研究 Thomas,21,university student:I love the Internet!I look up lots of information online.I often buy things on the websites-furniture, clothes,CDs,even foods.I have also sold some of my things on the Internet.I only use the websites I trust and I've never had a safety problem. ()16.Where is the passage taken from? A.A diary. B.A novel. C.A magazine. D.A history book. ()17.Linda probably got the email from a person who A.refused to lend money to her B.asked about her experiences C.sold things to her on the websites D.tried to cheat her of her money ()18.Who shared enjoyable experiences according to the passage? A.Linda. B.Emily. C.Mark. D.Thomas. ()19.What is the best title of the passage? A.The Internet:How Safe Is It? B.The Bank:How Useful Is It? C.The Website:How Cheap Is It? D.The Magazine:How Amazing Is It? F(2024·连云港) If you grew up in an unusual family and felt limited by heavy thoughts,how would you change your life story?In the book Educated, the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times. The book talks about Westover's life.Her father had a junkyard(废品场)in Idaho,US. It's a very small mountain village.Tara and her 217 brothers and sisters worked every day.Before she turned 17,she had never traveled outside. None of the kids in her family had ever been to a school or a hospital.As she got older,she felt that she needed to get away from this uncomfortable situation.Luckily,Westover's older brother taught her to read.With hard work, Westover went to college on a scholarship,and later got a PhD(博士学位)in History at Cambridge University. Education changed her,her life,her way of thinking and even her luck.After reading the book,I come to feel the deepest thanks for my own family,and the education I got.Education allows girls like Westover to fly like birds toward their own goals.It allows us to get a different view,find new experiences,better understand others and explore the wider world. I wish for all of us to be like free and powerful birds,growing and changing through challenges and difficulties. ()20.What's the writing purpose of Paragraph 1? A.To attract readers'interest. B.To collect Westover's opinion. C.To show how to deal with hard times. D.To explain how to change one's life story. ()21.What can we learn about Westover's life from Paragraph 2? A.Her brother got a PhD in History. B.She changed her life with hard work. C.Her life in the village was comfort- able. D.She left the small village in childhood. 218 )22.What is the last paragraph mainly about? A.Directions of birds'flying. B.The ways of thinking. C.Experiences of girls'growing. D.The power of education. )23.What is the text? A.A news report. B.A book review. C.A science fiction. D.A reading plan. G(2024·陕西改编) When I was young,I loved paper cutting and I was pretty good at it.As I grew up,I became busy and didn't have much time for it. Later,I stopped doing it. However,the news I came across online touched my heart and changed my mind.A little girl from Jieyang,Guangdong was practicing lion dance when a professional lion dance performance team(专业舞狮表演队)passed by.As soon as they saw the girl practicing,they started to beat drums and gongs for her and quickly she did a lion dance in return.People around all cheered for her.Her love for the ancient Chinese culture evoked my strong memories of paper cutting. I remembered the happy times of making paper cuttings with my teacher and friends in the club.When I was ten,I joined the paper cutting club.Every Monday and Friday,I learned to make paper cuttings there.Our teacher,Ms.Li,was very talented.With a pair of scissors and a piece of paper,she could create lively works(作品).That amazed us. And we learned much from her.Together,we RJ题型四阅读理解 created lots of works.They covered many topics,including animals,flowers and things about Chinese history.Every time we held a paper cutting show,our works attracted many visitors.The girl in the news encouraged me to go on with paper cutting.I want to be an inheri- tor(继承者)of the ancient Chinese culture. Together with other inheritors,I hope to pass down our excellent culture. ()24.What did the girl do after the team began to beat drums and gongs for her? A.She watched their show carefully. B.She did a lion dance in return. C.She cheered for the team. D.She made a paper cutting for the team. ()25.The underlined word“evoked”means ”in Paragraph2. A.brought back B.took away C.cut off D.depended on ()26.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A.The long history of paper cutting. B.The steps of making paper cuttings. C.The writer's happy times of making paper cuttings. D.The writer's plans for setting up a paper cutting club ()27.Which of the following is TRUE? A.The writer wasn't good at paper cutting at a young age. B.Now the writer practices paper Cutting twice a week. C.The writer hopes to be an inheritor of paper cutting. 第三部分题型研究 D.After watching the news,the writer decided to learn lion dance. H It's really common to make careless mis- takes,especially for students.How to stop? You can try the following advice. Think back to the mistake in time to make sure what caused the mistake first.Mistakes can't happen without any reason.It you know why the mistake was made,you can correct the problem so that it's less likely to happen again. As everyone knows,it's truly essential to learn from mistakes.Only then can we go further. Get everything you need ready before you start on something.You'll make fewer mistakes if you get everything ready.Take a few minutes to collect your tools or materials ahead of time. When you start,you'll be able to focus completely on the task rather than stop to look around for something you need.If you have to look for things after you've already started the task,it can take you much longer to get back into the task.Too many breaks can lead to an even greater risk of making mistakes. Give yourself enough time so that you don't have to rush.If you leave something to the last minute,you'll be under pressure to get it done. The stress must easily lead to mistakes. ()28.What should we do first after we make mistakes? A.Forget all the mistakes. B.Find out the reasons. C.Correct the mistakes. D.Learn from mistakes. ()29.What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A.We should focus our attention on 219 the task. B.We can have a short rest during the task. C.We can't look around before the task. D.We can't stop when we get every- thing ready. )30.Which of the following may lead to mistakes according to the text? A.Sleeping well. B.Having a good rest. C.Rushing to do something. D.Getting everything ready. I(2024·肥西县二模) Ordering takeouts(外卖)is very popular nowadays because it is convenient.More than 60 percent of the people in China order takeout food at least twice a week.What about people living in ancient times?Did they eat takeouts? In fact,there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty.According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong(1127-1194),liked to order takeouts late at night.His servants(仆人)went around the city to pick up the dishes and bring them back to the palace. Common people also ordered takeouts. Restaurant workers would go out into the streets and yell out which dishes could be ordered that day.After hearing the waiters,people could then place an order.Later,takeout workers would bring food to their homes.In the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival(《清明上河图》)，a takeout worker can be seen with food in hand. People at that time even had a special meal box for takeout dishes.It was a long box which was made of wood with several layers () 220 People also used warming plates made of two layers of china.Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm. ()31.According to the passage,takeout has a long history of about years in China. A.900 B.1,000 C.1,500 D.2,000 )32.The underlined word“yell”probably means A.give B.find C.throw D.shout ( )33.From the passage we can infer(推断) that A.eating midnight food was popular in the Song Dynasty B.every emperor in the Song Dynasty liked ordering takeouts C.there was no need to order takeout ahead of time in ancient China D.people used special china boxes for takeout dishes in ancient China ()34.Which can be the best title for this passage? A.Takeouts in ancient China B.The emperor who liked takeouts C.The advantages of ordering takeouts D.Ways to order takeouts in ancient China J When you go outside,what do you see?Do you see the grass,or do you see the little flower looking out between the rocks?Looking and thinking about the outside world is a kind of science.It's called natural history.It goes back to ancient times.Scientists at the time started RJ题型四阅读理解 to look at the diversity(多样性)of the natural world. Over time,more and more“naturalists” got busy studying,collecting and organizing the world's animals,plants and rocks.They tried to put together the“puzzle(谜)”of life on Earth,and even the whole universe. Today,natural history museums around the world give people a place to think about natural history.But this is only a starting point. In China,interest in natural history is very high right now.From natural history books and apps to environmental groups and activities,people are showing great interest.This is happening as China is working to make a greener world. Nowadays,natural history is seen as a kind of life style.People like to think about it together with other things,such as art,writing,food and travel.It's good for the mind and body.We need naturalists now more than ever.The puzzle of life on Earth is still not done,and it's changing quickly. ()35.What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A.What natural history is. B.When natural history started. C.Why natural history is important. D.How scientists studied natural history. ()36.How do people show great interest in natural history? A.By building more natural museums. B.By reading more natural history books. C.By taking part in more outside activities. D.By collecting more animals,plants 第三部分题型研究 and rocks. ( )37.Why do we need naturalists more than ever? A.Because natural history is a kind of lifestyle. B.Because there are fewer and fewer naturalists. C.Because the puzzle of life is changing quickly. D.Because people put natural history with others together. K A little river ran down from a high mountain through many villages and forests. Then it reached a desert."I went through so many difficulties.I should have no problem crossing the desert,"she thought.As she started, she found herself slowly disappearing into the sand. After many tries,she still failed. At this time,a deep voice said,"if a wind can cross the desert,so can a river."It was the voice of the desert.But the little river answered,"That's because a wind can fly,but I can't.""That's because you can't give up what you are..Let yourself evaporate(蒸发)into the wind,and it can take you across,said the desert. “Give up what I am now?No!No!”The little river could not accept this idea."The wind can carry the vapor(蒸汽)across the desert and let it leave as rain.The rain will form a river again,”said the desert.“And whether you'rea river or vapor,your nature never changes." Hearing this,the little river went into the open arms of the wind.It carried her to the next step of her life. 221137.C[解析]根据“advice'”和语境可知，一些家长在看到Dhruv 在一次学校会议上用算盘演示后，寻求用算盘帮助孩子学 习的一些建议。 138.D[解析]根据语境可知，中国算盘被认为是最早的计算 机，be considered as'“被认为…”。 139.D[解析]根据“you can easily use it'”可知，只要记住规则， 就可以轻松使用算盘。 140.C[解析]根据“Sometimes,just move one bead(算珠)， then another bead”和常识可知，移动算珠可以得到答案。 141.B[解析]根据“Most of us are probably used to it.”和“But” 可知，我们大多数人可能都习惯了快递的存在，但是对于 些外国人来说，这种体验是不同的。 142.C[解析]根据后文“Xu can buy almost everything in China.”和生活常识可知，购物软件几乎能涵盖你可以想象 到的所有的东西。 143.D[解析]根据后文“But in China,she can buy all she needs online'”可知，此处表示转折关系，所以她说，在泰国，人们在 网上只能订购快餐或盒饭。 144.C[解析]根据下文“At the suggestions of her classmates, Xu used a service called‘pao tui'”可知，中国有很多种快递 服务，并且作者通过徐的一次亲身经历来佐证这一观点。 145.D[解析]根据“He asked Xu to help him take his ID card to the airport'”可知，当徐的朋友回泰国时，他忘记带身份证了。 146.C[解析门根据句意可知，徐的朋友找她帮忙那天她的课已 经满了，所以她没有多余的时间。 147.A[解析]根据句意可知，徐使用了一种名为“跑腿”的服务 解决了帮助朋友送身份证的问题。因此最后，问题完美地 解决了。 148.B[解析]根据“One day,she received a large package(包 on her birthday which had lots of her favorite food" 知，中国快递也给徐带来了很多欢乐。 149.C[解析]根据“He wanted to give her a big surprise in this way”可知，徐的朋友想通过这种方式给徐一个大惊喜，因 此，她深受感动。 150.A[解析]根据前文徐与朋友的交往事例可知，对徐来说， 快递也传递了人与人之间的友谊。 题型三补全对话 针对性练习 1-5 BDFEA 6-10 GDFEA 11-15 BAGDE 16-20 BCFGE 21-25 DFBGC 26-30 BGFEC 31-35 FCBGE 36-40 CAEDF 41-45 BEADF 46-50 EDFGA 51-55 FBAGD 56-60 BAGDC 61-65 DCEAG 66-70 GFBCD 71-75 GCFAD 题型四阅读理解 针对性练习 1.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段“He had recently got engaged(to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better.”可知，Ed 想变得更好主要是为了他的妻子。 2.D[解析]代词指代题。根据第五段“Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed ..by going up and down his parents' stairs2,783 times.”可知，分析句意可知，“it”和前面的“When he finished”的动作有关；他上上下下爬父母家的楼梯爬了2 783次，当他完成后，他告诉一位新闻记者他很喜欢它。此处 t指的是“上下楼梯”。 3.B[解析]标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Ed 坚持不懈和疾病作斗争的故事，他希望自己的行为可以支持 那些在生活中面临挑战的人，所以这篇文章最好的标题是B 选项“一个挑战爱好者”。 4.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段“His neighboring village was famous because of a great discovery there..”可知，Mike的 邻村因一项重大发现而闻名。 5.B[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段“One summer morning, Mike was exploring(in a field near a river.He looked up to see his two friends Fern and Pepe running toward him with a colorful kite.”可知，见他朋友前Mike正在河边的田野里樹察。 6.D[解析]推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Mike认为这是有 价值的东西，所以应该让这东西保持原样。 7.C[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fern asked,‘What do we call this dinosaur?’‘Interesting question,’said one of the paleontologists,‘we''ll call it Mikesaur!'”可知，考古学家将以 Mike的名字命名新发现的恐龙，所以Mike可能会感到骄傲。 8.D[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段“Standing on the beach of Copacabana,I come to realize that any understanding of Brazil really begins on its beaches.”可推知，作者游览的第一处海滩 是Copacabana,也正是这次游览促使作者在巴西寻找自己梦 想中的海滩，开始寻找之旅。 9.B[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段“Over the centuries, people of many races have arrived here,creating a wonderful cultural mix,”可知，Bahia是一个文化混合体。 10.A[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段“The rocks and strong winds have the touch of wildness I was looking for" 知，作者想要寻找的完美沙滩是有点野性的。 11.C[解析]标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段 "Everyone here has his or her perfect beach and is ready to tell you where to find it.”可知，文章主要讲述了作者在巴西寻 找自己梦想中的海滩的经历，所以标题应为“完美的海滩”。 12.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第五段“Along the trail,the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around.Hearing a noise in the grass,they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail.After a while,Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees'”,第六段“Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen on the way..”可知，Smith一家先后看 到鸟、兔子、猴子和蛇。 13.B[解析]词义理解题。根据第七段“‘Is this the surprise?) asked Mike in excitement.”和第八段“Mr.and Mrs..Smith smiled as they walked over to one of the small pools.Steam (蒸汽)rose into the air..‘They're hot springs(温桌)， explained Mr.Smith.”可知，surprise指的是温泉。 14.B[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段“We found a nearby trail ()There are many interesting things along the way,and best of all,there will be a surprise at the end of the trail." 知，Smith一家是为了徒步旅行，享受大自然而做了计划。 15.A[解析]标题归纳题。通读全文可知，Smith一家打算徒 步旅行，Smith夫妇设计了路线，并告诉孩子们最后有惊喜， 一家人沿途享受自然，最后孩子们发现惊喜是泡温泉，所以 A Natural Bath“自然沐浴”是最佳标题。 16.C[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段“Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences'”可知，本文选自一本杂志。 17.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段“I realised that someone tried to cheat(救骗)me of my money.”可知，Linda可能是从 一个想骗她钱的人那里收到这封邮件的。 18.D[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段“I love the Internet！ I only use the websites I trust and I've never had a safety problem.”可知，Thomas分享了愉快的经历。 19.A[解析]标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要就互联网 安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历，所以A选项“互联网：有 多安全？”是最佳标题。 20.A[解析]写作意图题。根据第一段第一句以问句形式引出 话题，进而介绍书，由此推知，第一段的写作目的是吸引读者 的兴趣。 21.B[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段“With hard work, Westover went to college on a scholarship,and later got a PhD(博士学位)in History at Cambridge University..”可知， 通过努力学习，Westover改变了她的生活。 22.D[解析]段落大意题。根据最后-段“Education changed her,her life,her way of thinking and even her luck.”可知，本 段主要讲了教育的力量。 23.B[解析]推理判断题。通读文章内容可知，本文主要介绍 了美国作家Tara Westover在她的书中展示了她是如何应对 困难的，并介绍了作者读完这本书后的感想，故本文是一篇 书评。 24.B[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段“As soon as they saw the girl practicing,they started to beat drums and gongs for her and quickly she did a lion dance in return”可知，队伍开始 为小女孩敲锣打鼓后，她表演了狮舞作为回应。 25.A[解析]词义猜测题。通读全文可知，作者在第一段提到 自己小时候很喜欢剪纸，且擅长剪纸，后来长大了，因为没有 时间，就没有再做过剪纸；随后在第二段举了一个女孩跳舞 狮的例子，这个女孩触动了作者的内心，并改变了作者的想 法；接着作者在第三段回忆了自己小时候剪纸的经历。此处 画线词是evoked,根据前后段落内容可知，女孩对中国古代 文化的热爱唤起了作者对剪纸的强烈记忆。bring back有 “使回忆起；使想起”之意，符合语境。 26.C[解析]段落大意题。通读第三段可知，句首为主旨句。 根据第三段“I remembered the happy times of making paper cuttings with my teacher and friends in the club.”可知，第三 段的中心思想是：作者制作剪纸的快乐时光。 27.C[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段“The girl in the news encouraged me to go on with paper cutting.I want to be an inheritor(继承者)of the ancient Chinese culture,Together with other inheritors,I hope to pass down our excellent culture.”可知，作者希望成为剪纸的传承人。 28.B[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段“Think back to the mistake in time to make sure what caused the mistake first." 可知，犯错后，首先应该及时回想错误，找出犯错的原因。 29.A[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段“Get everything you need ready before you start on something.You'll make fewer mistakes if you get everything ready”和“When you start,. you'll be able to focus completely on the task rather than stop to look around for something you need..”可知，在开始做某事 之前，把你需要的一切都准备好这样的话，你就会犯更少的 错误。所以我们应该把注意力集中在这项任务上。 30.C[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段“Give yourself enough time so that you don't have to rush ..The stress must easily lead to mistakes..”可知，急于做某事可能会导致错误。 31.A[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段“In fact,there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty.According to history books,Emperor Xiaozong (1127-1194),liked to order takeouts late at night..”可推算，外卖在中国已经有大约900 年的历史了。 32.D[解析]词义猜测题。根据第三段“After hearing the waiters,people could then place an order.”可知，听到服务员 的声音后，人们就可以点莱了。所以餐馆服务员会走到街 上，大声减出当天可以点的菜。此处yell的意思是“大声减 出”。 33.D[解析]细节推理题。根据第四段“People at that time even had a special meal box for takeout dishes ..People also used warming plates made of two layers of china.”可知，在古 代，人们使用专门的瓷盒来送外卖。 34.A[解析门标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了中国古代外卖的有 关情况，故A选项“中国古代的外卖”符合题意。 35.A[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段“When you go outside called natural history.”可知，我们能从第一段中知道什么 是自然史。 36.B[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中“From natural history books.people are showing great interest..”可知，人们是通过 多读自然历史书对自然史表现出极大兴趣的。 37.C[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We need naturalists now more than ever.The puzzle of life on Earth is still not done,and it's changing quickly.”可知，我们比以往任 何时候都更需要博物学家是因为地球上生命的谜变化很快。 38.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段“I went through so many difficulties.I should have no problem crossing the desert'”可知，小河相信自己能够穿越沙漠。 39.B[解析]代词指代题。根据第二段“Let yourself evaporate (蒸发)into the wind,and it can take you across.”可知，此处 it指的是风。 40.A[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hearing this,the little river went into the open arms of the wind.It carried her to the next step of her life..”可知，小河最终穿过了沙漠。 41.C[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文可知，小河学会了改变，最 终实现了目标。这告诉我们要想成功，我们应该改变过去的 方式。 42.C[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段“When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons,they are being modest( 的).”可知，当中国父母用犬子来指代他们的儿子时，他们是 表示自己的谦虚。 43.D[解析]词义猜测题。根据第二段画线处前文“大多数父 母对孩子有着很高的期望，希望他们的孩子可以成功，但他 们通常不会在其他人面前说。相反，他们试图”后文“此举类 似于中国富人也称他们的大房子为‘寒舍’”。结合选项可 知，应是“放低身段”的意思。 44.B[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段“They call their own sons quanzi,but others'sons linglang,which is a respectful way to say‘your son'.”可知，见到别人的儿子，你应该称之 为令郎。 45.C[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段“As a teacher,Zizhi was both kind and strict ..when asking his students to work hard.”可知，子质很和善，他鼓励学生努力学习。 46.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段“So when you eat pineapples,they can eat'you by breaking down the molecules that make up the cells(细胞)in your body.”可知， 菠萝通过分解组成你身体细胞的分子来“吃掉”你。 47.C[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段“If an enzyme can break down a protein,it can break down cells as well.So will the cells of your tongue(舌头)when you eat pineapple."可知，菠 萝吃多了嘴会疼是因为酶会分解你舌头的细胞。 48.B[解析]代词指代题。根据第五段“In fact,the enzymes in unripe(未成熟的)pineapple are stronger than those in ripe pineapple.Therefore,some scientists believe that they are created by the plant to prevent animals from eating its unripe fruit..”并联系前文可猜测出，画线单词they应指代的是：酶。 49.D[解析]标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第一段“So when you eat pineapples,they can 'eat'you by breaking down the molecules that make up the cells(细胞)in your body..”可知， 文章主要介绍了菠萝中含有的成分可以分解蛋白质的酶从 而“吃”掉人们。故最佳标题应为“菠萝能‘吃’你吗？” 50.A neighboring farmer. 51.Ten dollars. 52.The meaning of family life is to do something for each other. 53.He lived in the mountain. 54.Because the boy wanted to trick the old man. 55.The boy let the bird fly away. 56.A pencil. 57.Never leave his house without a pencil in his pocket. 58.I think it's helpful.Because this habit helps him become a writer. 题型五单词拼写 针对性练习 1.treat 2.member 3.north 4.worse 5.enters 6.serious 7.rapid 8.packing 9.serve 10.folk 11.began 12.abroad 13.forest 14.refused 15.fair 16.price 17.honest 18.attended 19.height 20.borrow 21.mark 22.grades 23.fear 24.heat 25.over 26.beat 27.landed 28.film 29.nervous 30.duty 31.hero 32.spare 33.invent 34.pride 35.cheered 36.wealth 37.quite 38.creates 39.effort 40.simple 41.pulled 42.crowded 43.model 44.shelves 45.mixes 46.hug 47.calm 48.safely 49.gold 50.artist 51.total 52.exactly 53.prefers 54.covered 55.stand 56.doubt 57.along 58.raises 59.confirmed 60.laughing 题型六书面表达 针对性练习 A One possible version: Dear Ethan, I've learned from the school radio program that you have difficulty in reading ancient Chinese poems and need a reading buddy.I believe I'm the buddy you want,as I have read many ancient Chinese poems and I have a deep understanding of them.I love ancient Chinese poems,and I am able to explain them in English.Also,I was born with a radio voice,so I can help you read the poems aloud correctly and beautifully.If you agree to pair up with me,we could meet every Friday afternoon in the school garden.Perhaps we can finish reading ten poems a month. Looking forward to your reply Best wishes, Li Ming B One possible version: Well done,Zhang Jun!You listened to the teacher carefully in class and answered questions actively.So you got high marks in most of your subjects.You worked well in your group and showed your ability to us.However,you didn't ask any questions and you didn't take notes.So we couldn't know if you needed help.In my opinion,you should ask questions if you have any problems so that you can solve problems in time.What's more, you should take notes so that you can review and digest what you don't understand.I hope my advice is of help C One possible version: Dear Tom, Traditional festivals are an important part of the Chinese culture.Among them,I like the Spring Festival best.I'm writing to tell you something about it. It comes in January or February.It is a time for family members to get together.On the eve of the Spring Festival,all family members enjoy different kinds of food,such as dumplings and fish.We also watch the Spring Festival Gala and stay up late,hoping to have a new start in the following year. The Spring Festival can not only make us feel love and happiness but also help us understand the importance of home and family. Can you tell me something about the festivals in your country? Yours truly, Li Hua