内容正文:
重点词汇、短语辨析与运用
一、辨析 through 、across 、over 与 along
It looks as if a hurricane passed through it.
词汇含义及用法示例
through 作介词,常与 go/walk 连用,表示“穿过;通过;经过”,指从空间内通过
across 作介词,常与 go/walk 连用,表示“横过;穿过”,指从物体表面通过。across from 意为
“在 … …对面”
over 作介词,表示“横过;越过”,指从物体上方经过
along 作介词,表示“沿着”,通常指顺着狭长的路
用 across 、through 或 over 填空。
1.The man went the city alone.
2.My father can swim the river easily.
3.Look, a plane is flying our heads.
4.Jenny saw some monkeys and rabbits when she was walking the forest.
二、辨析 family 、home 和 house
family 作集体名词,意为“家庭”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;作个体名词,意为“家人”,作主语时,谓语动 词用复数
home 意为“家”,指一个人出生或居住的地方
house 意为“房子”,即居住的房屋
用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空 (每个单词只能用一次)。
home house family
5.Since I was born, my have lived in the same flat.
6.Tom likes the with a big garden very much, but its price goes beyond his ability to pay.
7.Thanks to the internet, we can do shopping at .
三、 forget 的用法
forget to do sth. 记得要做某事(未做)
forget doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
Don't forget to write down the correct answers next to the mistakes.别忘了在错误旁边写下正确 答案。
I forgot borrowing the book from you last week.我忘了上周向你借了这本书。
拓展 与 forget 用法相同的词还有
remember to do sth. 记得要做某事(未做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
8.This morning, I forgot (lock) the door, so I turned back on my way to the office.
9.—Have you forgotten (borrow) a ruler from Betty?
—Oh, yes. I’ll return it to her tomorrow.
10.Don’t forget (say) thanks when other people help you.
四、4.turn 相关的短语
turn on 打开 turn off 关掉 turn out 结果是
turn up 出现;调高 turn into 变成 turn down 调低;拒绝接受
11.To live a low-carbon life, we must remember (turn) off the lights when we leave the room.
12.Could you please the light? I can’t sleep well with it on. (用与turn 有关的短语填空)
13.Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please the TV. (用turn有关的短语填空)
14.He tried to join the army but was because of his poor health. (用与turn有关的短语填空)
15.The little boy was afraid and his mother for comfort. (用与turn 有关的短语填空)
16.—Do you mind if I the radio? I can’t hear clearly.(用与turn有关的短语填空)
—Better not. My baby is sleeping.
17.Water can ice.(用与turn有关的短语填空)
18.Spring is coming. The leaves on the trees .(用与turn有关的短语填空)
五、what about 和 how about的用法
How/What about…?常用来征求对方的意见、询问某人对某事物的看法,意思是“…如何?/…怎么样?”about 在这里作介词用,常接名词、代词或V-ing 作宾语。如:Tom is 15.What about you?汤姆15岁,你呢? How about going for a walk?去散步怎么样?
What about 19 (踢足球) now?
=Would you like 20 (踢足球) now?
21.What about (你的母亲)? You can’t keep her too tired.
22.Our English teacher is kind. What about (你们的英语老师)?
六、surprised 与surprising, excited与exciting的用法:
surprised 的含义为“感到惊讶的”,主语多为人,用来表示对某事物感到惊讶。
surprising 含义为“令人惊讶的”,主语常为事物,指本身引起人们对事物的兴趣。excited 的含义为“兴奋的,激动的”,多用于修饰人。
exciting 的含义为“令人激动的;振奋人心的”,一般用于修饰事件。
像这类由动词派生出来的带-ing 或-ed的形容词,还有很多,如 relaxing/relaxed, interesting/interested,pleasing/pleased等,他们的用法基本相同,-ing的修饰物,-ed修饰人。
23.She was good at physics although she found it (bore).
24.When he heard the (excite) news, he was too (excite) to say a word.
25.Watching TV can make us (relax), but watching TV too much is bad for our eyes.
26.这份工作使她感到厌倦,她想做一些完全不同的事情。(根据汉语意思完成句子)
She the work and wanted to do something completely different.
参考答案
1.through 2.across 3.over 4.through
1.句意:那个男人独自一人穿过了这座城市。根据“The man went… the city alone.”可知,go through“穿过”,表示“(内部)穿过”,固定短语。故填through。
2.句意:我父亲能轻松地游过这条河。根据“My father can swim… the river easily.”可知,swim across“游过”,表示“(表面)穿过”,固定短语。故填across。
3.句意:看,一架飞机正从我们头顶飞过。根据“Look, a plane is flying… our heads.”可知,飞机从我们头顶上方飞过,fly over“飞过”,over表示“在……上方(垂直)”。故填over。
4.句意:珍妮在穿过森林时看到了一些猴子和兔子。根据“Jenny saw some monkeys and rabbits when she was walking… the forest.”可知,walk through“穿过”,表示“(内部)穿过”,固定短语。故填through。
5.family 6.house 7.home
5.句意:自从我出生以来,我的家人就住在同一套公寓里。根据“Since I was born”“have lived in the same flat”和所给单词可知,此处需表示“家人”,family作“家人”讲时为复数概念,符合语境,指家庭成员共同居住的状态。故填family。
6.句意:汤姆非常喜欢那栋带有大花园的房子,但它的价格超出了他的支付能力。根据“with a big garden”“its price”和所给单词可知,此处需表示“具体的房屋、住宅”,house侧重指居住的建筑物,符合语境。故填house。
7.句意:多亏了互联网,我们可以在家购物。根据“do shopping”和所给单词可知,此处考查at home,意为“在家”,home侧重指居住的场所或环境,符合语境。故填home。
8.to lock
句意:今天早上,我忘记锁门了,所以我在去办公室的路上折返了。lock“锁”,动词原形,根据“so I turned back on my way to the office.”可知,此处表示忘记锁门,事情未发生,forget to do sth.“忘记要做某事”,此处应用动词不定式。故填to lock。
9.borrowing
句意:——你忘了你从贝蒂那儿借过一把尺子吗?——哦,对哦。我明天就把尺子还给她。borrow“借”,动词,根据“Have you forgotten...a ruler from Betty?”及“ I’ll return it to her tomorrow.”可知,此处表示忘记借了尺子这件事,forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”,borrow的动名词形式为borrowing。故填borrowing。
10.to say
句意:当别人帮助你的时候,不要忘记说谢谢。根据“Don’t forget… (say) thanks when other people help you.”可知,这里考查forget to do sth.,表示“忘记要做某事”,此处需要用动词不定式形式,to say符合语境,指不要忘记去做“说谢谢”这件事。故填to say。
11.to turn
句意:为了过低碳生活,我们必须记得在离开房间的时候关掉灯。根据“To live a low-carbon life, we must remember...off the lights when we leave the room.”可知,本句语境是“离开房间时记得关灯”,“关灯”是需要去做的动作(尚未发生),所以应用remember to do sth这一固定搭配,意为“记得去做某事”,故空处用turn的动词不定式to turn。故填to turn。
12.turn off
句意:你能把灯关掉吗?灯亮着我睡不好觉。由“I can’t sleep well with it on”可知,此空指关闭,turn“转动”,动词;turn off“关掉”,动词短语;情态动词“Could”后接动词原形,构成Could you please do...?的礼貌请求句型。故填turn off。
13.turn on
句意:奶奶想看《今日说法》这个节目,请打开电视。根据“Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report”及提示可知,奶奶想看电视,因此需要打开电视,turn on“打开”符合句意,动词短语,空处所在句子为祈使句,故需动词原形。故填turn on。
14.turned down
句意:他试图参军,但由于身体不好被拒绝了。根据“He tried to join the army but was…because of his poor health.”以及要求用与turn有关的短语可知,这里需要一个表示“拒绝”的短语,turn down意为“拒绝”,且句子主语he与turn down之间是被动关系,要用被动语态“be+过去分词”,turned down符合语境。故填turned down。
15.turned to
句意:小男孩很害怕,于是向他妈妈寻求安慰。turn“转动”,动词;turn to“向……求助”,动词短语;根据“was afraid”可知句子时态为一般过去时,且由并列连词“and”连接两个谓语,故动词需用过去式。故填turned to。
16.turn up
句意:——你介意我把收音机音量调大一点吗?我听不清楚。——最好别调。我的宝宝正在睡觉呢。根据“I can’t hear clearly.”可知,此处指听不清楚,要把收音机音量调大一点。turn up“调大”,此处为一般现在时态,用动词原形。故填turn up。
17.turn into
句意:水可以变成冰。根据“水和冰的转化关系”可知,此处应用“变成”,对应的英语短语为“turn into”,是与turn相关的短语,情态动词“can”后接动词原形。故填turn into。
18.turn green
句意:春天来了,树上的叶子变绿了。根据“Spring is coming”可知,此处应该是说树上的叶子变绿了,turn green“变绿”,此句为一般现在时,主语“The leaves”不是第三人称单数,turn用原形。故填turn green。
playing football to play football
句意:现在踢足球怎么样?现在你愿意踢足球吗?根据中文提示“踢足球”可知,对应的英文表达是play football;第一空,What about后接动名词形式;第二空,Would you like后接动词不定式形式,故填playing football;to play football。
21.your mother
句意:你妈妈呢?你不能让她太累。你的母亲“your mother”,名词短语,What about...“……如何”,故填your mother。
22.yours/your English teacher
句意:我们的英语老师很善良。你们的(英语老师)呢?根据汉语提示以及“Our English teacher”可知,此处询问对方的英语老师情况。可以直接填入your English teacher。为了避免重复,也可以使用名词性物主代词yours来替代“your English teacher”。故填yours/your English teacher。
23.boring
句意:尽管她觉得物理很无聊,但她很擅长它。bore“使厌烦”,动词;这里需要用形容词作宾语补足语,描述“it(指代physics)”的特征,且意为“令人感到无聊的”,应用现在分词形式boring。故填boring。
24. exciting excited
句意:当他听到这个激动人心的消息时,他激动得一句话也说不出来了。第一空修饰名词“news”,表示物,应用exciting,意为“让人激动的”;第二空修饰“he”,表示人,应用excited,意为“感觉激动的”。故填exciting;excited。
25.relaxed
句意:看电视可以使我们放松,但是看电视太多对我们的眼睛不好。结合所给词并根据转折连词“but”可知,此处是说看电视让我们放松,此处修饰人,应用relaxed,意为“感觉放松的”,故填relaxed。
26.was bored with/was tired of
根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“对……感到厌倦”。be bored with/be tired of“对……感到厌倦”,根据“wanted to do something completely different”可知,句子为一般过去时态,be动词应用was。故填was bored with/was tired of。
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