Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes（单元自测·南京专用·2025中考新题型）英语新教材译林版七年级下册

2025-2026学年七年级下册英语单元自测 Unit6·南京专用·2025年中考新题型（参考答案） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D 四、基础知识。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. ocean 42. forest 43. river 44. desert 45. mountains 46. plains 47. fresh 48. survive B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 49. runs 50. destroyed 51. depend 52. covers 53. breathed 54. store 55. produces 五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 56. The City Green Initiative. 57. Every Saturday morning. 58. Brochures about green living. 59. A school lecture on sustainable living. 60. Tips on wildlife-friendly balconies. 六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 61. training 62. kilometers 63. give 64. increased 65. finish 66. both 67. encourage 68. took 69. result 70. willing 七、书面表达。（满分 15 分） Dear Tom, I'm glad you're interested in China's natural landscapes. My favorite is Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan Province. Jiuzhaigou is famous for its clear lakes and colorful waters. The lakes reflect the surrounding snow-capped mountains and forests, looking like precious gems. There are also beautiful waterfalls and rare plants. I love it because it’s a perfect combination of nature’s beauty. It makes me feel peaceful and amazed. I hope you can visit it someday. Yours, Zhang Ming 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年七年级下册英语单元自测 Unit6·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —Is there ______ in the new nature documentary that surprises you? —Yes! The way pandas look for food is really interesting. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这部新的自然纪录片里有什么让你惊讶的东西吗？—— 有！熊猫觅食的方式真的很有趣。选项含义：A. something（某事、某物，用于肯定句）；B. anything（任何事物，用于否定句和疑问句）；C. nothing（没有什么）；D. everything（一切事物）。本句是一般疑问句，需要用 anything 来表示 “任何事物”，故填 B。 2. ______ amazing experience it is to see the bioluminescent plankton（荧光浮游生物）in the ocean at night! A. What B. How C. What a D. What an 【答案】D 【解析】句意：晚上在海里看到荧光浮游生物是多么奇妙的经历啊！选项含义：A. What（引导感叹句，后接名词短语）；B. How（引导感叹句，后接形容词或副词）；C. What a（后接辅音音素开头的可数名词单数）；D. What an（后接元音音素开头的可数名词单数）。本句中 amazing experience 是名词短语，且 amazing 以元音音素开头，experience 在此处是可数名词，意为 “经历”，故填 D。 3. Some rare plants can ______ in the dry desert because they have special roots to store water. A. live B. survive C. grow D. stay 【答案】B 【解析】句意：一些稀有植物能在干旱的沙漠中存活，因为它们有特殊的根系来储存水分。选项含义：A. live（居住；生活，强调生存的状态）；B. survive（存活，强调在恶劣环境下艰难生存）；C. grow（生长）；D. stay（停留）。干旱沙漠属于恶劣生存环境，此处强调植物的存活能力，故填 B。 4. Nanjing has carried out strict garbage sorting rules. We should put ______ useful waste into the blue bin. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 【答案】A 【解析】句意：南京已经实施了严格的垃圾分类规定。我们应该把有用的垃圾放进蓝色垃圾桶。选项含义：A. something（某事、某物，用于肯定句）；B. anything（任何事物，用于否定句和疑问句）；C. nothing（没有什么）；D. everything（一切事物）。本句是肯定句，something useful 表示 “有用的东西”，符合句意，故填 A。 5. The Yangtze River Delta has many beautiful ______, such as lakes, hills and wetlands. A. landscape B. landscapes C. view D. scenery 【答案】B 【解析】句意：长三角地区有许多美丽的风景，比如湖泊、山丘和湿地。选项含义：A. landscape（风景，可数名词，指陆地的自然风景）；B. landscapes（landscape 的复数形式）；C. view（景色，指从某处看到的风景）；D. scenery（风景，不可数名词，指自然风景的总称）。many 后接可数名词复数，故填 B。 6. The air in the mountain village is ______ than that in the city because there are more trees. A. fresh B. freshest C. fresher D. the freshest 【答案】C 【解析】句意：山村的空气比城市的空气更清新，因为那里有更多的树。选项含义：A. fresh（清新的，原级）；B. freshest（最清新的，最高级）；C. fresher（更清新的，比较级）；D. the freshest（最清新的，最高级）。句中的 than 是比较级的标志词，fresh 的比较级是 fresher，故填 C。 7. The researchers spent three months ______ the behavior of dolphins in the East China Sea. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied 【答案】B 【解析】句意：研究人员花了三个月的时间研究东海海豚的行为。选项含义：A. study（学习；研究，动词原形）；B. studying（动名词形式）；C. to study（动词不定式）；D. studied（动词过去式 / 过去分词）。固定搭配 spend time doing sth. 表示 “花费时间做某事”，故填 B。 8. With the development of new energy, more people choose electric cars ______ they are environmentally friendly. A. so B. because C. but D. or 【答案】B 【解析】句意：随着新能源的发展，越来越多的人选择电动汽车，因为它们很环保。选项含义：A. so（因此，表结果）；B. because（因为，表原因）；C. but（但是，表转折）；D. or（或者，表选择）。“它们很环保” 是 “人们选择电动汽车” 的原因，故填 B。 9. —______ can we protect the ocean from pollution? —We should stop throwing plastic bags into the sea. A. How B. What C. Where D. When 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们怎样才能保护海洋免受污染？—— 我们应该停止向海里扔塑料袋。选项含义：A. How（怎样，询问方式）；B. What（什么，询问事物）；C. Where（哪里，询问地点）；D. When（什么时候，询问时间）。答句回答的是保护海洋的具体方式，故填 A。 10. —I heard that ______ in the community is volunteering to clean the nearby river this weekend. —That's great! I want to join them too. A. someone B. anyone C. no one D. everyone 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我听说这个社区的每个人这周末都自愿去清理附近的河流。—— 太棒了！我也想加入他们。选项含义：A. someone（某人）；B. anyone（任何人，用于否定句和疑问句）；C. no one（没有人）；D. everyone（每个人）。根据答句 “我也想加入” 可知，社区里的人都参与了志愿活动，故填 D。 Plants are amazing survivors. Some can live in very difficult conditions. For example, cacti（仙人掌）grow in deserts where rain is 11______. They store water in their thick stems（茎）. Even if there is no rain for months, they can still 12______. Another kind of plant is the mangrove（红树林）. They grow in muddy（泥泞的）areas near the ocean. The water there is salty, but mangroves have special roots that can 13______ fresh water from the salt water. They also protect the coast from storms. Plants teach us an important lesson: no matter how hard the environment is, we can find a way to 14______. We should respect all living things because they are part of our beautiful planet. Let's do our best to protect plants and their 15______. 11. A. little B. much C. many D. few 12. A. die B. survive C. grow D. develop 13. A. take B. make C. get D. carry 14. A. live B. play C. work D. study 15. A. air B. food C. water D. homes 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了仙人掌和红树林两种植物在恶劣环境中的生存本领，进而揭示植物传递的生存启示：无论环境多么艰难，都能找到生存的方法，同时呼吁人们尊重并保护所有生物及其生存环境。 11. 句意：例如，仙人掌生长在雨水稀少的沙漠里。rain 是不可数名词，little 用于修饰不可数名词，表示 “数量少”，符合沙漠的环境特点；much 表 “多”，many 修饰可数名词复数，few 修饰可数名词复数表 “少”，均不适用。 12. 句意：即使数月没有雨水，它们仍然能够存活。前文提及植物是出色的幸存者，survive 意为 “生存、存活”，契合语境；die（死亡）、grow（生长）、develop（发展）均不符合逻辑。 13. 句意：那里的水是咸的，但红树林有特殊的根，能够从盐水中获取淡水。get 意为 “获取、得到”，符合红树林的生存机制；take（拿走）、make（制作）、carry（搬运）均不贴合句意。 14. 句意：植物给我们上了重要的一课：无论环境多么恶劣，我们都能找到活下去的方法。live 意为 “生存、活着”，呼应文章主旨；play（玩耍）、work（工作）、study（学习）均与主题无关。 15. 句意：让我们尽最大努力保护植物和它们的家园。homes 在此指植物的生存环境，符合保护的对象范畴；air（空气）、food（食物）、water（水）均不是此处强调的核心保护内容。 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Last summer, 12-year-old Lily went on a trip to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with her mother. It was her first time to visit such a high place. The moment she got there, she was shocked by the 16______ scenery. The sky was so blue, and the mountains were covered with green grass and colorful flowers. On the first day, they visited a lake called Qinghai Lake. It was like a huge blue mirror 17______ in the middle of the plateau. Lily saw many birds flying over the lake. Her mother told her that Qinghai Lake is 18______ thousands of water birds. "They come here every year to breed（繁殖）," her mother said. Lily felt very happy to see the birds playing freely. The next day, they decided to climb a small mountain. At first, Lily was full of energy. But as they went higher, the air became 19______. She felt tired and wanted to give up. Her mother said gently, "Lily, look at the beautiful view around you. The higher we climb, the more amazing scenery we can see." Lily took her mother's hand and kept going. 20______ she felt tired, she didn't stop walking. Finally, they reached the top. From there, she could see the whole lake and the distant mountains. It was 21______ wonderful sight! The air on the top was fresh, and she could 22______ freely. During the trip, Lily also learned about the local people's life. They live in tents and take care of yaks（牦牛）. They are very friendly and often share 23______ delicious with visitors, like butter tea and tsampa（糌粑）. Lily found that people there live in harmony with nature. This trip was a valuable experience for Lily. She not only saw the beauty of nature but also learned to be brave and persistent. She decided to do her part to protect the environment so that future generations can also enjoy such 24______ landscapes. She thought this trip was a special gift 25______ her mother. 16. A. terrible B. boring C. amazing D. common 17. A. lying B. putting C. setting D. staying 18. A. home to B. full of C. covered with D. famous for 19. A. fresher B. thinner C. cleaner D. dirtier 20. A. When B. Because C. Although D. If 21. A. a B. an C. the D. / 22. A. eat B. drink C. breathe D. sleep 23. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 24. A. ugly B. beautiful C. terrible D. simple 25. A. with B. to C. for D. from 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 12 岁女孩莉莉和妈妈去青藏高原旅行的经历。莉莉在旅途中欣赏到了青海湖等壮丽的自然风光，克服了爬山时的困难，还了解了当地居民的生活，这次旅行让她收获了宝贵的成长感悟。 16. 句意：她一到那里，就被令人惊叹的景色震撼了。后文描述天空湛蓝、山川花草秀美，amazing（令人惊叹的）符合语境；terrible（糟糕的）、boring（无聊的）、common（普通的）均与文意相悖。 17. 句意：它就像一面巨大的蓝色镜子，躺在高原中央。lying（躺、位于）能形象描述青海湖在高原的状态；putting（放）、setting（放置、使处于）、staying（停留）均不能准确体现湖泊的位置特点。 18. 句意：妈妈告诉她，青海湖是成千上万水鸟的家园。home to 是固定搭配，意为 “是…… 的家园”，契合水鸟在此繁殖的语境；full of（充满）、covered with（被…… 覆盖）、famous for（因…… 闻名）均不符合句意。 19. 句意：但随着她们爬得越来越高，空气变得越来越稀薄。海拔越高空气越稀薄是常识，thinner（更稀薄的）符合客观事实；fresher（更新鲜的）、cleaner（更干净的）、dirtier（更脏的）均不符合语境。 20. 句意：尽管她感到疲惫，但她没有停下脚步。句子前后是让步关系，Although（尽管）引导让步状语从句；When（当…… 时）、Because（因为）、If（如果）均不能体现逻辑关系。 21. 句意：这真是一幅绝妙的景象！sight 是可数名词，此处表泛指，wonderful 以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a；an 用于元音音素开头的单词前，the 表特指，零冠词不适用此类可数名词单数泛指的情况。 22. 句意：山顶的空气很清新，她可以自由呼吸。fresh air（清新空气）对应的动作是 breathe（呼吸）；eat（吃）、drink（喝）、sleep（睡觉）均与空气清新的语境无关。 23. 句意：他们非常友好，经常和游客分享一些美味的东西，比如酥油茶和糌粑。something delicious（一些美味的东西）用于肯定句，符合语境；anything 用于否定句或疑问句，nothing（没有什么）、everything（一切）均不符合句意。 24. 句意：她决定尽自己的一份力保护环境，这样子孙后代也能欣赏到如此美丽的风景。前文强调高原景色优美，beautiful（美丽的）符合文意；ugly（丑陋的）、terrible（糟糕的）、simple（简单的）均与主旨不符。 25. 句意：她认为这次旅行是妈妈给她的一份特别礼物。from（来自）表示礼物的来源；with（和…… 一起）、to（给）、for（为了）均不能准确表达 “来自妈妈的礼物” 这一含义。 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） The finless porpoise（江豚）is a kind of small whale that lives in the Yangtze River. It is one of the most endangered animals in China. There are only about 1,000 finless porpoises left in the wild. Finless porpoises are friendly and smart. They have round heads and no dorsal fins（背鳍）, which makes them different from other whales. They feed on fish and shrimp. They can swim very fast and often jump out of the water to breathe. However, the finless porpoise is in great danger. The main reasons are water pollution and overfishing. Factories pour waste water into the Yangtze River, which makes the water dirty. Overfishing reduces the number of fish that porpoises eat. Also, the construction of dams（大坝）changes their living environment. To protect the finless porpoise, the Chinese government has taken many measures. For example, it has set up nature reserves（保护区）along the Yangtze River. Fishing is not allowed in these areas. Also, stricter rules are made to stop water pollution. Scientists are also studying the porpoises to learn more about their behavior and how to protect them. Everyone can do something to help. We should not throw rubbish into rivers. We can also tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the finless porpoise. Let's work together to save this lovely animal. 26. What makes finless porpoises different from other whales? A. They are smaller. B. They have round heads and no dorsal fins. C. They swim faster. D. They feed on fish and shrimp. 27. Why are finless porpoises in danger? ① Water pollution ② Overfishing ③ Too many nature reserves ④ Dam construction A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ 28. What has the government done to protect finless porpoises? A. It has stopped all factories along the Yangtze River. B. It has allowed fishing in some areas. C. It has set up nature reserves. D. It has done nothing. 29. What can we do to help finless porpoises? A. Throw rubbish into rivers. B. Tell others about protecting them. C. Fish in nature reserves. D. Pollute the water. 30. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Finless porpoises are friendly and smart. B. Finless porpoises are in danger and need protection. C. The government has taken measures to protect finless porpoises. D. Everyone can help protect finless porpoises. 【答案】26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕长江江豚展开介绍，先说明了江豚的外形、习性等基本特征，接着阐述了江豚濒危的主要原因，随后介绍了政府为保护江豚采取的相关措施，最后呼吁大众参与到保护江豚的行动中，主旨是江豚正处于濒危状态，亟需人类的保护。 26. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “They have round heads and no dorsal fins， which makes them different from other whales.” 可知，江豚与其他鲸鱼的区别是头部圆润且没有背鳍，故选 B。 27. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “The main reasons are water pollution and overfishing... Also, the construction of dams changes their living environment.” 可知，江豚濒危的原因包括水污染、过度捕捞和大坝建设，对应①②④，故选 D。 28. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段 “For example, it has set up nature reserves along the Yangtze River.” 可知，政府采取的保护措施之一是建立自然保护区，故选 C。 29. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 “We can also tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the finless porpoise.” 可知，我们可以向他人宣传保护江豚的重要性，故选 B。 30. 主旨大意题。文章整体先介绍江豚的基本情况，再点明其濒危现状和原因，最后给出保护措施和呼吁，核心主旨是江豚处于危险之中，需要保护，故选 B。 （B） Maria was born in a small village in Nepal. When she was a little girl, she wanted to go to school like boys. But in her village, most girls didn't go to school. They had to stay at home to help their families with housework and farming. Maria's mother wanted her daughter to have a better life. She believed that education was the key. So she talked to Maria's father: "Let Maria go to school. She is smart and she wants to learn." At first, Maria's father didn't agree. He thought girls should stay at home. But after her mother's repeated requests, he finally agreed. Maria was very happy. She worked hard at school. She was one of the top students in her class. Every day, she walked a long way to school. Sometimes it rained or snowed, but she never gave up. When Maria was 16, she got a chance to study in a high school in the capital city. It was a big challenge for her. She had to live alone and learn to take care of herself. But she didn't feel afraid. She studied even harder. After graduating from high school, Maria went to a university. She studied education because she wanted to help more girls in her village go to school. Now, Maria is a teacher. She goes back to her village every summer holiday to teach the girls there. She tells them: "Education can change your life. Never give up your dreams." Thanks to Maria's efforts, more and more girls in her village have the chance to go to school. Maria's story inspires many people. She shows that with hard work and perseverance, everyone can achieve their dreams. 31. Why didn't most girls in Maria's village go to school? A. They were not smart enough. B. They didn't like studying. C. They had to help with housework and farming. D. Their parents couldn't afford the school fees. 32. Who helped Maria realize her dream of going to school? A. Her father. B. Her mother. C. Her teacher. D. Her classmates. 33. What did Maria study in university? A. Education. B. Science. C. Medicine. D. History. 34. What does Maria do now? A. She is a student. B. She is a farmer. C. She is a teacher. D. She is a doctor. 35. What can we learn from Maria's story? A. Education is not important for girls. B. With hard work, we can achieve our dreams. C. Girls should stay at home. D. It's easy to achieve dreams. 【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了尼泊尔女孩 Maria 在母亲的支持下突破乡村重男轻女的观念，坚持求学，最终成为一名教师并回到家乡帮助更多女孩获得教育机会的故事。文章主旨是努力与坚持可以实现梦想，教育能够改变人生。 31. 细节理解题。根据第一段 “They had to stay at home to help their families with housework and farming.” 可知，村子里的女孩不上学是因为要帮忙做家务和农活，故选 C。 32. 细节理解题。根据第二段内容，Maria 的母亲坚信教育的重要性，反复劝说父亲，最终让 Maria 得以入学，是母亲帮助她实现了上学的梦想，故选 B。 33. 细节理解题。根据第五段 “She studied education because she wanted to help more girls in her village go to school.” 可知，Maria 在大学里学习的是教育学，故选 A。 34. 细节理解题。根据第五段 “Now, Maria is a teacher.” 可知，Maria 现在的职业是一名教师，故选 C。 35. 主旨推理题。根据最后一段 “She shows that with hard work and perseverance, everyone can achieve their dreams.” 可知，Maria 的故事告诉我们，付出努力就能实现梦想，故选 B。 （C） The ocean is a huge and amazing world. It covers more than two-thirds of the Earth's surface. The ocean is home to millions of living things, from tiny plankton to huge whales. The ocean is very important to us. It provides us with many things. For example, we get fish, shrimp and other seafood from the ocean. Seafood is an important part of many people's diet. The ocean also gives us salt, which we use to cook food. Moreover, the ocean helps regulate（调节）the Earth's climate. It absorbs（吸收）a lot of heat from the sun. This helps keep the Earth's temperature stable. The ocean also produces a large amount of oxygen. About half of the oxygen we breathe comes from the ocean. However, the ocean is facing many problems. Pollution is a big threat. People throw plastic bags, bottles and other rubbish into the ocean. This hurts marine animals. Many animals mistake plastic for food and eat it, which causes them to die. Overfishing is another problem. Some fishermen catch too many fish, which reduces the number of fish in the ocean. We must protect the ocean. We can reduce plastic use by using reusable bags and bottles. We can also support sustainable fishing（可持续捕鱼）. Governments should make stricter rules to stop ocean pollution. Everyone has a responsibility to protect the ocean. Let's work together to keep the ocean clean and healthy. 36. How much of the Earth's surface does the ocean cover? A. Less than one-third. B. More than two-thirds. C. About half. D. All of it. 37. What do we get from the ocean? ① Seafood ② Salt ③ Oxygen ④ Plastic A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 38. Why is the ocean important to the Earth's climate? A. It produces oxygen. B. It provides seafood. C. It absorbs heat from the sun. D. It gives us salt. 39. What problems is the ocean facing? A. Pollution and overfishing. B. Pollution and cold weather. C. Overfishing and lack of oxygen. D. Lack of salt and pollution. 40. What can we do to protect the ocean? A. Throw more plastic into the ocean. B. Ignore the ocean problems. C. Catch as many fish as possible. D. Use reusable bags and bottles. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海洋的基本概况 —— 覆盖地球超三分之二的表面积且孕育着数百万生物，阐述了海洋在提供食物资源、调节气候和制造氧气等方面的重要作用，同时指出海洋正面临污染和过度捕捞的威胁，最后呼吁人们共同保护海洋。文章主旨是海洋对人类意义重大，亟需大家携手守护。 36. 细节理解题。根据第一段 “It covers more than two-thirds of the Earth's surface.” 可知，海洋覆盖了地球超三分之二的表面积，故选 B。 37. 细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段内容，我们可以从海洋获取海鲜、盐，海洋还能产生氧气；塑料是人类丢弃的污染物，并非海洋提供的有益物资，因此对应①②③，故选 A。 38. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “It absorbs a lot of heat from the sun. This helps keep the Earth's temperature stable.” 可知，海洋通过吸收太阳热量来稳定地球温度，以此调节气候，故选 C。 39. 细节理解题。根据第四段 “Pollution is a big threat...Overfishing is another problem.” 可知，海洋面临的两大问题是污染和过度捕捞，故选 A。 40. 细节理解题。根据最后一段 “We can reduce plastic use by using reusable bags and bottles.” 可知，使用可重复利用的袋子和瓶子是保护海洋的有效做法，故选 D。 四、基础知识。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. The ______（海洋）is so blue that it looks like a piece of jade. 【答案】ocean 【解析】句意：这片海洋如此蓝，看起来像一块玉。根据中文释义 “海洋”，且后面的 be 动词为 is，需用单数名词 ocean。 42. There are many tall trees in the ______（森林）, and they produce oxygen. 【答案】forest 【解析】句意：森林里有许多高大的树木，它们产生氧气。根据中文释义 “森林”，且 “in the forest” 是固定搭配，填单数名词 forest。 43. The ______（河流）runs through the city and brings fresh water to people. 【答案】river 【解析】句意：这条河流穿过城市，为人们带来淡水。根据中文释义 “河流”，且后面的谓语动词为 runs（第三人称单数形式），填单数名词 river。 44. Few people can live in the ______（沙漠）because of the bad weather. 【答案】desert 【解析】句意：由于恶劣的天气，很少有人能在沙漠里生存。根据中文释义 “沙漠”，且 “in the desert” 是固定搭配，填单数名词 desert。 45. The ______（山脉）in the west of China are very high and beautiful. 【答案】mountains 【解析】句意：中国西部的山脉又高又美。根据中文释义 “山脉”，且后面的 be 动词为 are，需用复数名词 mountains。 46. The ______（平原）in North China are very suitable for farming. 【答案】plains 【解析】句意：华北平原非常适合耕种。根据中文释义 “平原”，且后面的 be 动词为 are，需用复数名词 plains。 47. We should drink more ______（新鲜的）water every day to keep healthy. 【答案】fresh 【解析】句意：为了保持健康，我们应该每天多喝新鲜的水。根据中文释义 “新鲜的”，且需要形容词修饰名词 water，填形容词 fresh。 48. Some animals can ______（幸存）in very cold places because they have thick fur. 【答案】survive 【解析】句意：有些动物能在极冷的地方幸存，因为它们有厚厚的皮毛。根据中文释义 “幸存”，且情态动词 can 后接动词原形，填动词 survive。 B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 49. The river in my hometown ______（run）through forests and plains before it flows into the lake. 【答案】runs 【解析】句意：我家乡的这条河在流入湖泊之前流经森林和平原。结合语境可知，本句描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语 the river 为单数，故填 runs。 50. Last year, a heavy storm ______（destroy）some trees in the national forest, but new ones have been planted this year. 【答案】destroyed 【解析】句意：去年，一场大暴雨毁坏了国家森林公园里的一些树木，但今年新的树木已经种上了。结合语境可知，时间状语 last year 表明动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填 destroyed。 51. Many rare animals ______（depend）on the wetland for food and water. We must protect this important landscape. 【答案】depend 【解析】句意：许多珍稀动物依靠湿地获取食物和水，我们必须保护这片重要的地貌。结合语境可知，本句描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语 many rare animals 为复数，故填 depend。 52. The desert ______（cover）about one-fifth of the earth's land area. It has a special beauty. 【答案】covers 【解析】句意：沙漠大约覆盖了地球陆地面积的五分之一，它有着独特的美。结合语境可知，本句描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语 the desert 为单数，故填 covers。 53. When we visited the mountain last month, we ______（breathe）the freshest air and enjoyed the amazing views. 【答案】breathed 【解析】句意：上个月我们游览那座山时，呼吸了最新鲜的空气，欣赏了令人惊叹的景色。结合语境可知，时间状语 last month 表明动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填 breathed。 54. Some plants can ______（store）water in their roots to survive the long dry season in the desert. 【答案】store 【解析】句意：一些植物能将水分储存在根部，以度过沙漠里漫长的旱季。结合语境可知，情态动词 can 后接动词原形，故填 store。 55. The forest ______（produce）oxygen for humans and animals all year round. It's called the "lungs of the earth". 【答案】produces 【解析】句意：森林全年都在为人类和动物制造氧气，它被称为 “地球之肺”。结合语境可知，本句描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语 the forest 为单数，故填 produces。 五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Lucy is a 16-year-old environmental volunteer who devotes herself to urban biodiversity protection. Last year, she signed up for the City Green Initiative, a local non-profit organization dedicated to building small ecological gardens and green corridors in crowded residential areas. Every Saturday morning, she meets her teammates at the community square, then they walk to the nearby abandoned lot to work. They clear the garbage, turn the soil, and plant native flowers and shrubs that are attractive to bees and butterflies. They also set up wooden bird feeders and water basins in the trees, hoping to draw more small birds to settle down. Besides these tasks, Lucy and her team regularly visit the neighborhood families to give out brochures. They teach residents how to sort household waste properly and how to recycle materials like plastic bottles and old newspapers into useful crafts. Lucy’s interest in this meaningful cause started with a school lecture on sustainable living. The speaker shared how a tiny urban garden could provide shelter for dozens of species and improve the air quality around the community. Deeply moved, Lucy realized that even small daily actions could make a big difference to the environment. In her spare time, she also gives 15-minute talks at the community center, sharing practical tips on creating a wildlife-friendly balcony—such as growing herbs and avoiding pesticides. Thanks to Lucy and her teammates’ continuous efforts, the once-barren lot has now turned into a lively mini forest, and more and more neighbors have begun to join their green campaign. 56. Which organization did Lucy join? 57. When does Lucy do volunteer work? 58. What do Lucy’s team give to residents? 59. What made Lucy love the green cause? 60. What does Lucy share at the community center? 【答案】 56. The City Green Initiative. 57. Every Saturday morning. 58. Brochures about green living. 59. A school lecture on sustainable living. 60. Tips on wildlife-friendly balconies. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 16 岁环保志愿者 Lucy 加入城市绿色倡议组织，利用周末参与社区生态改造、宣传垃圾分类和阳台生态打造的故事，展现了青少年用行动守护城市生物多样性的担当，凸显了可持续生活理念的实践价值。 56. 题目意思：露西加入了哪个组织？解析：原文直接提及 “signed up for the City Green Initiative”，提取核心短语作答，符合词数限制。 57. 题目意思：露西什么时候做志愿工作？解析：依据 “Every Saturday morning, she meets her teammates...”，直接提取时间状语即可。 58. 题目意思：露西的团队给居民分发什么？解析：原文提到 “give out brochures”，补充其属性 “about green living”，精简后符合要求。 59. 题目意思：什么让露西热爱环保事业？解析：根据 “started with a school lecture on sustainable living”，提炼关键信息作答。 60. 题目意思：露西在社区中心分享什么？解析：由 “sharing practical tips on creating a wildlife-friendly balcony” 可知，压缩后得出答案。 六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Marathon is a long-distance running race. It is named after a small town in Greece. Running a marathon is not easy. It requires a lot of t 61 and perseverance（毅力）. Li Ming is a marathon lover. He started running five years ago. At first, he could only run a few k 62 . But he didn't g 63 up. He ran every morning before work. He gradually i 64 his running distance. After two years of hard training, he ran his first marathon. It was a 42.195-kilometer race. He felt very tired during the race, but he kept going. When he crossed the f 65 line, he was very excited. Now, Li Ming runs a marathon every year. He says running marathons teaches him a lot. It makes him stronger b 66 physically and mentally. He also meets many like-minded friends during the races. They e 67 each other and help each other. Last month, Li Ming t 68 part in a marathon in Nanjing. The course went through many beautiful places in the city, such as Xuanwu Lake and Jiming Temple. The weather was perfect for running. Li Ming enjoyed the race very much. He finished the race in 3 hours and 45 minutes. It was his best r 69 so far. Li Ming hopes more people can take up running. He says: "Running is a cheap and healthy sport. It can help you keep fit and relieve（缓解）stress. You don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a pair of running shoes and a w 70 heart." 【答案】61. training 62. kilometers 63. give 64. increased 65. finish 66. both 67. encourage 68. took 69. result 70. willing 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了马拉松爱好者李明坚持训练，从只能跑几公里到完成马拉松，还在南京马拉松取得个人最佳成绩的经历，传递出坚持与热爱带来成长的感悟。 61. 句意：它需要大量训练和毅力。首字母 t，training（训练）为不可数名词，契合马拉松所需条件，与毅力并列合理。 62. 句意：起初，他只能跑几公里。首字母 k，kilometers（公里）是可数名词复数，a few 后接复数，符合距离表述。 63. 句意：但他没有放弃。首字母 g，give up 为固定搭配，didn’t 后接动词原形，符合语境。 64. 句意：他逐渐增加了自己的跑步距离。increased（增加）是动词过去式，全文以一般过去时叙事；distance（距离）属于数量范畴，increase 侧重 “数量、长度的增长”，贴合 “逐步加长跑步距离” 的语境，且首字母为 i。 65. 句意：当他冲过终点线时，十分兴奋。首字母 f，finish line 为固定短语 “终点线”，符合比赛场景。 66. 句意：这让他身心都更强壮。首字母 b，both...and... 为固定结构，连接身心两方面，语法通顺。 67. 句意：他们互相鼓励、互相帮助。首字母 e，encourage（鼓励）用原形，主语为复数，时态一致。 68. 句意：上个月，李明参加了南京马拉松。首字母 t，take part in 为固定搭配，took 是过去式，适配 last month。 69. 句意：这是他目前最好的成绩。首字母 r，result（成绩）契合马拉松完赛表现的语境。 70. 句意：只需一双跑鞋和一颗愿意的心。首字母 w，willing（愿意的）修饰 heart，体现跑步所需态度。 七、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是张明，你的英国笔友 Tom 对中国的自然景观很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，介绍一处你最喜欢的中国自然景观。内容包括： 景观的名称和位置； 景观的特色； 你喜欢它的原因。 要求： 词数 80-100； 语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 例文： Dear Tom, I'm glad you're interested in China's natural landscapes. My favorite is Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan Province. Jiuzhaigou is famous for its clear lakes and colorful waters. The lakes reflect the surrounding snow-capped mountains and forests, looking like precious gems. There are also beautiful waterfalls and rare plants. I love it because it’s a perfect combination of nature’s beauty. It makes me feel peaceful and amazed. I hope you can visit it someday. Yours, Zhang Ming 【解析】 [总体分析] 1. 题材：英文书信（笔友往来信件），属于介绍类应用文，用于向外国友人介绍中国自然景观。 2. 时态：以一般现在时为主，用于客观描述景观的位置、特色等事实；辅以一般现在时表达个人喜好，时态统一且符合书信语境。 3. 写作提示 严格覆盖题目要求的三个核心内容：景观名称与位置、景观特色、喜欢的原因。 控制词数在 80-100 词之间，语言简洁，避免冗余。 语句通顺，语法正确，不出现真实人名、校名等信息。 结尾可表达希望对方来访的愿望，增强书信的互动感。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开头引入问候笔友，回应对方对中国自然景观的兴趣，直接点明自己最喜欢的景观名称和所在位置。 第二步：介绍特色选取景观最具代表性的特点展开描写，用词生动，突出景观的独特之处。 第三步：说明原因 + 结尾阐述喜欢该景观的理由，表达自身感受，最后礼貌结尾，希望对方有机会前来游览。 [亮点词汇] natural landscapes 自然景观 be famous for 因…… 而闻名 clear lakes 清澈的湖泊 colorful waters 五彩的湖水 snow-capped mountains 雪山 combination 结合体 amazed 惊叹的 [高分句型] 1. 句型：I'm glad you're interested in China's natural landscapes. 中文意思：很高兴你对中国的自然景观感兴趣。句式：宾语从句（you're interested in... 作 glad 的宾语） 2. 句型：The lakes reflect the surrounding snow-capped mountains and forests, looking like precious gems. 中文意思：湖水倒映着周围的雪山和森林，看起来像珍贵的宝石。句式：现在分词短语作伴随状语（looking like... 表伴随状态） 3. 句型：I love it because it’s a perfect combination of nature’s beauty. 中文意思：我喜欢它，因为它是大自然美景的完美结合体。句式：原因状语从句（because 引导从句解释喜欢的原因） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年七年级下册英语单元自测卷 Unit6·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —Is there ______ in the new nature documentary that surprises you? —Yes! The way pandas look for food is really interesting. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 2. ______ amazing experience it is to see the bioluminescent plankton（荧光浮游生物）in the ocean at night! A. What B. How C. What a D. What an 3. Some rare plants can ______ in the dry desert because they have special roots to store water. A. live B. survive C. grow D. stay 4. Nanjing has carried out strict garbage sorting rules. We should put ______ useful waste into the blue bin. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 5. The Yangtze River Delta has many beautiful ______, such as lakes, hills and wetlands. A. landscape B. landscapes C. view D. scenery 6. The air in the mountain village is ______ than that in the city because there are more trees. A. fresh B. freshest C. fresher D. the freshest 7. The researchers spent three months ______ the behavior of dolphins in the East China Sea. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied 8. With the development of new energy, more people choose electric cars ______ they are environmentally friendly. A. so B. because C. but D. or 9. —______ can we protect the ocean from pollution? —We should stop throwing plastic bags into the sea. A. How B. What C. Where D. When 10. —I heard that ______ in the community is volunteering to clean the nearby river this weekend. —That's great! I want to join them too. A. someone B. anyone C. no one D. everyone Plants are amazing survivors. Some can live in very difficult conditions. For example, cacti（仙人掌）grow in deserts where rain is 11______. They store water in their thick stems（茎）. Even if there is no rain for months, they can still 12______. Another kind of plant is the mangrove（红树林）. They grow in muddy（泥泞的）areas near the ocean. The water there is salty, but mangroves have special roots that can 13______ fresh water from the salt water. They also protect the coast from storms. Plants teach us an important lesson: no matter how hard the environment is, we can find a way to 14______. We should respect all living things because they are part of our beautiful planet. Let's do our best to protect plants and their 15______. 11. A. little B. much C. many D. few 12. A. die B. survive C. grow D. develop 13. A. take B. make C. get D. carry 14. A. live B. play C. work D. study 15. A. air B. food C. water D. homes 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Last summer, 12-year-old Lily went on a trip to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with her mother. It was her first time to visit such a high place. The moment she got there, she was shocked by the 16______ scenery. The sky was so blue, and the mountains were covered with green grass and colorful flowers. On the first day, they visited a lake called Qinghai Lake. It was like a huge blue mirror 17______ in the middle of the plateau. Lily saw many birds flying over the lake. Her mother told her that Qinghai Lake is 18______ thousands of water birds. "They come here every year to breed（繁殖）," her mother said. Lily felt very happy to see the birds playing freely. The next day, they decided to climb a small mountain. At first, Lily was full of energy. But as they went higher, the air became 19______. She felt tired and wanted to give up. Her mother said gently, "Lily, look at the beautiful view around you. The higher we climb, the more amazing scenery we can see." Lily took her mother's hand and kept going. 20______ she felt tired, she didn't stop walking. Finally, they reached the top. From there, she could see the whole lake and the distant mountains. It was 21______ wonderful sight! The air on the top was fresh, and she could 22______ freely. During the trip, Lily also learned about the local people's life. They live in tents and take care of yaks（牦牛）. They are very friendly and often share 23______ delicious with visitors, like butter tea and tsampa（糌粑）. Lily found that people there live in harmony with nature. This trip was a valuable experience for Lily. She not only saw the beauty of nature but also learned to be brave and persistent. She decided to do her part to protect the environment so that future generations can also enjoy such 24______ landscapes. She thought this trip was a special gift 25______ her mother. 16. A. terrible B. boring C. amazing D. common 17. A. lying B. putting C. setting D. staying 18. A. home to B. full of C. covered with D. famous for 19. A. fresher B. thinner C. cleaner D. dirtier 20. A. When B. Because C. Although D. If 21. A. a B. an C. the D. / 22. A. eat B. drink C. breathe D. sleep 23. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 24. A. ugly B. beautiful C. terrible D. simple 25. A. with B. to C. for D. from 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） The finless porpoise（江豚）is a kind of small whale that lives in the Yangtze River. It is one of the most endangered animals in China. There are only about 1,000 finless porpoises left in the wild. Finless porpoises are friendly and smart. They have round heads and no dorsal fins（背鳍）, which makes them different from other whales. They feed on fish and shrimp. They can swim very fast and often jump out of the water to breathe. However, the finless porpoise is in great danger. The main reasons are water pollution and overfishing. Factories pour waste water into the Yangtze River, which makes the water dirty. Overfishing reduces the number of fish that porpoises eat. Also, the construction of dams（大坝）changes their living environment. To protect the finless porpoise, the Chinese government has taken many measures. For example, it has set up nature reserves（保护区）along the Yangtze River. Fishing is not allowed in these areas. Also, stricter rules are made to stop water pollution. Scientists are also studying the porpoises to learn more about their behavior and how to protect them. Everyone can do something to help. We should not throw rubbish into rivers. We can also tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the finless porpoise. Let's work together to save this lovely animal. 26. What makes finless porpoises different from other whales? A. They are smaller. B. They have round heads and no dorsal fins. C. They swim faster. D. They feed on fish and shrimp. 27. Why are finless porpoises in danger? ① Water pollution ② Overfishing ③ Too many nature reserves ④ Dam construction A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ 28. What has the government done to protect finless porpoises? A. It has stopped all factories along the Yangtze River. B. It has allowed fishing in some areas. C. It has set up nature reserves. D. It has done nothing. 29. What can we do to help finless porpoises? A. Throw rubbish into rivers. B. Tell others about protecting them. C. Fish in nature reserves. D. Pollute the water. 30. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Finless porpoises are friendly and smart. B. Finless porpoises are in danger and need protection. C. The government has taken measures to protect finless porpoises. D. Everyone can help protect finless porpoises. （B） Maria was born in a small village in Nepal. When she was a little girl, she wanted to go to school like boys. But in her village, most girls didn't go to school. They had to stay at home to help their families with housework and farming. Maria's mother wanted her daughter to have a better life. She believed that education was the key. So she talked to Maria's father: "Let Maria go to school. She is smart and she wants to learn." At first, Maria's father didn't agree. He thought girls should stay at home. But after her mother's repeated requests, he finally agreed. Maria was very happy. She worked hard at school. She was one of the top students in her class. Every day, she walked a long way to school. Sometimes it rained or snowed, but she never gave up. When Maria was 16, she got a chance to study in a high school in the capital city. It was a big challenge for her. She had to live alone and learn to take care of herself. But she didn't feel afraid. She studied even harder. After graduating from high school, Maria went to a university. She studied education because she wanted to help more girls in her village go to school. Now, Maria is a teacher. She goes back to her village every summer holiday to teach the girls there. She tells them: "Education can change your life. Never give up your dreams." Thanks to Maria's efforts, more and more girls in her village have the chance to go to school. Maria's story inspires many people. She shows that with hard work and perseverance, everyone can achieve their dreams. 31. Why didn't most girls in Maria's village go to school? A. They were not smart enough. B. They didn't like studying. C. They had to help with housework and farming. D. Their parents couldn't afford the school fees. 32. Who helped Maria realize her dream of going to school? A. Her father. B. Her mother. C. Her teacher. D. Her classmates. 33. What did Maria study in university? A. Education. B. Science. C. Medicine. D. History. 34. What does Maria do now? A. She is a student. B. She is a farmer. C. She is a teacher. D. She is a doctor. 35. What can we learn from Maria's story? A. Education is not important for girls. B. With hard work, we can achieve our dreams. C. Girls should stay at home. D. It's easy to achieve dreams. （C） The ocean is a huge and amazing world. It covers more than two-thirds of the Earth's surface. The ocean is home to millions of living things, from tiny plankton to huge whales. The ocean is very important to us. It provides us with many things. For example, we get fish, shrimp and other seafood from the ocean. Seafood is an important part of many people's diet. The ocean also gives us salt, which we use to cook food. Moreover, the ocean helps regulate（调节）the Earth's climate. It absorbs（吸收）a lot of heat from the sun. This helps keep the Earth's temperature stable. The ocean also produces a large amount of oxygen. About half of the oxygen we breathe comes from the ocean. However, the ocean is facing many problems. Pollution is a big threat. People throw plastic bags, bottles and other rubbish into the ocean. This hurts marine animals. Many animals mistake plastic for food and eat it, which causes them to die. Overfishing is another problem. Some fishermen catch too many fish, which reduces the number of fish in the ocean. We must protect the ocean. We can reduce plastic use by using reusable bags and bottles. We can also support sustainable fishing（可持续捕鱼）. Governments should make stricter rules to stop ocean pollution. Everyone has a responsibility to protect the ocean. Let's work together to keep the ocean clean and healthy. 36. How much of the Earth's surface does the ocean cover? A. Less than one-third. B. More than two-thirds. C. About half. D. All of it. 37. What do we get from the ocean? ① Seafood ② Salt ③ Oxygen ④ Plastic A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 38. Why is the ocean important to the Earth's climate? A. It produces oxygen. B. It provides seafood. C. It absorbs heat from the sun. D. It gives us salt. 39. What problems is the ocean facing? A. Pollution and overfishing. B. Pollution and cold weather. C. Overfishing and lack of oxygen. D. Lack of salt and pollution. 40. What can we do to protect the ocean? A. Throw more plastic into the ocean. B. Ignore the ocean problems. C. Catch as many fish as possible. D. Use reusable bags and bottles. 四、基础知识。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. The ______（海洋）is so blue that it looks like a piece of jade. 42. There are many tall trees in the ______（森林）, and they produce oxygen. 43. The ______（河流）runs through the city and brings fresh water to people. 44. Few people can live in the ______（沙漠）because of the bad weather. 45. The ______（山脉）in the west of China are very high and beautiful. 46. The ______（平原）in North China are very suitable for farming. 47. We should drink more ______（新鲜的）water every day to keep healthy. 48. Some animals can ______（幸存）in very cold places because they have thick fur. B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 49. The river in my hometown ______（run）through forests and plains before it flows into the lake. 50. Last year, a heavy storm ______（destroy）some trees in the national forest, but new ones have been planted this year. 51. Many rare animals ______（depend）on the wetland for food and water. We must protect this important landscape. 52. The desert ______（cover）about one-fifth of the earth's land area. It has a special beauty. 53. When we visited the mountain last month, we ______（breathe）the freshest air and enjoyed the amazing views. 54. Some plants can ______（store）water in their roots to survive the long dry season in the desert. 55. The forest ______（produce）oxygen for humans and animals all year round. It's called the "lungs of the earth".五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Lucy is a 16-year-old environmental volunteer who devotes herself to urban biodiversity protection. Last year, she signed up for the City Green Initiative, a local non-profit organization dedicated to building small ecological gardens and green corridors in crowded residential areas. Every Saturday morning, she meets her teammates at the community square, then they walk to the nearby abandoned lot to work. They clear the garbage, turn the soil, and plant native flowers and shrubs that are attractive to bees and butterflies. They also set up wooden bird feeders and water basins in the trees, hoping to draw more small birds to settle down. Besides these tasks, Lucy and her team regularly visit the neighborhood families to give out brochures. They teach residents how to sort household waste properly and how to recycle materials like plastic bottles and old newspapers into useful crafts. Lucy’s interest in this meaningful cause started with a school lecture on sustainable living. The speaker shared how a tiny urban garden could provide shelter for dozens of species and improve the air quality around the community. Deeply moved, Lucy realized that even small daily actions could make a big difference to the environment. In her spare time, she also gives 15-minute talks at the community center, sharing practical tips on creating a wildlife-friendly balcony—such as growing herbs and avoiding pesticides. Thanks to Lucy and her teammates’ continuous efforts, the once-barren lot has now turned into a lively mini forest, and more and more neighbors have begun to join their green campaign. 56. Which organization did Lucy join? 57. When does Lucy do volunteer work? 58. What do Lucy’s team give to residents? 59. What made Lucy love the green cause? 60. What does Lucy share at the community center? 六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Marathon is a long-distance running race. It is named after a small town in Greece. Running a marathon is not easy. It requires a lot of t 61 and perseverance（毅力）. Li Ming is a marathon lover. He started running five years ago. At first, he could only run a few k 62 . But he didn't g 63 up. He ran every morning before work. He gradually i 64 his running distance. After two years of hard training, he ran his first marathon. It was a 42.195-kilometer race. He felt very tired during the race, but he kept going. When he crossed the f 65 line, he was very excited. Now, Li Ming runs a marathon every year. He says running marathons teaches him a lot. It makes him stronger b 66 physically and mentally. He also meets many like-minded friends during the races. They e 67 each other and help each other. Last month, Li Ming t 68 part in a marathon in Nanjing. The course went through many beautiful places in the city, such as Xuanwu Lake and Jiming Temple. The weather was perfect for running. Li Ming enjoyed the race very much. He finished the race in 3 hours and 45 minutes. It was his best r 69 so far. Li Ming hopes more people can take up running. He says: "Running is a cheap and healthy sport. It can help you keep fit and relieve（缓解）stress. You don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a pair of running shoes and a w 70 heart." 七、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是张明，你的英国笔友 Tom 对中国的自然景观很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，介绍一处你最喜欢的中国自然景观。内容包括： 景观的名称和位置； 景观的特色； 你喜欢它的原因。 要求： 词数 80-100； 语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年七年级下册英语单元自测 Unit6·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —Is there ______ in the new nature documentary that surprises you? —Yes! The way pandas look for food is really interesting. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 2. ______ amazing experience it is to see the bioluminescent plankton（荧光浮游生物）in the ocean at night! A. What B. How C. What a D. What an 3. Some rare plants can ______ in the dry desert because they have special roots to store water. A. live B. survive C. grow D. stay 4. Nanjing has carried out strict garbage sorting rules. We should put ______ useful waste into the blue bin. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 5. The Yangtze River Delta has many beautiful ______, such as lakes, hills and wetlands. A. landscape B. landscapes C. view D. scenery 6. The air in the mountain village is ______ than that in the city because there are more trees. A. fresh B. freshest C. fresher D. the freshest 7. The researchers spent three months ______ the behavior of dolphins in the East China Sea. A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied 8. With the development of new energy, more people choose electric cars ______ they are environmentally friendly. A. so B. because C. but D. or 9. —______ can we protect the ocean from pollution? —We should stop throwing plastic bags into the sea. A. How B. What C. Where D. When 10. —I heard that ______ in the community is volunteering to clean the nearby river this weekend. —That's great! I want to join them too. A. someone B. anyone C. no one D. everyone Plants are amazing survivors. Some can live in very difficult conditions. For example, cacti（仙人掌）grow in deserts where rain is 11______. They store water in their thick stems（茎）. Even if there is no rain for months, they can still 12______. Another kind of plant is the mangrove（红树林）. They grow in muddy（泥泞的）areas near the ocean. The water there is salty, but mangroves have special roots that can 13______ fresh water from the salt water. They also protect the coast from storms. Plants teach us an important lesson: no matter how hard the environment is, we can find a way to 14______. We should respect all living things because they are part of our beautiful planet. Let's do our best to protect plants and their 15______. 11. A. little B. much C. many D. few 12. A. die B. survive C. grow D. develop 13. A. take B. make C. get D. carry 14. A. live B. play C. work D. study 15. A. air B. food C. water D. homes 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Last summer, 12-year-old Lily went on a trip to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with her mother. It was her first time to visit such a high place. The moment she got there, she was shocked by the 16______ scenery. The sky was so blue, and the mountains were covered with green grass and colorful flowers. On the first day, they visited a lake called Qinghai Lake. It was like a huge blue mirror 17______ in the middle of the plateau. Lily saw many birds flying over the lake. Her mother told her that Qinghai Lake is 18______ thousands of water birds. "They come here every year to breed（繁殖）," her mother said. Lily felt very happy to see the birds playing freely. The next day, they decided to climb a small mountain. At first, Lily was full of energy. But as they went higher, the air became 19______. She felt tired and wanted to give up. Her mother said gently, "Lily, look at the beautiful view around you. The higher we climb, the more amazing scenery we can see." Lily took her mother's hand and kept going. 20______ she felt tired, she didn't stop walking. Finally, they reached the top. From there, she could see the whole lake and the distant mountains. It was 21______ wonderful sight! The air on the top was fresh, and she could 22______ freely. During the trip, Lily also learned about the local people's life. They live in tents and take care of yaks（牦牛）. They are very friendly and often share 23______ delicious with visitors, like butter tea and tsampa（糌粑）. Lily found that people there live in harmony with nature. This trip was a valuable experience for Lily. She not only saw the beauty of nature but also learned to be brave and persistent. She decided to do her part to protect the environment so that future generations can also enjoy such 24______ landscapes. She thought this trip was a special gift 25______ her mother. 16. A. terrible B. boring C. amazing D. common 17. A. lying B. putting C. setting D. staying 18. A. home to B. full of C. covered with D. famous for 19. A. fresher B. thinner C. cleaner D. dirtier 20. A. When B. Because C. Although D. If 21. A. a B. an C. the D. / 22. A. eat B. drink C. breathe D. sleep 23. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 24. A. ugly B. beautiful C. terrible D. simple 25. A. with B. to C. for D. from 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） The finless porpoise（江豚）is a kind of small whale that lives in the Yangtze River. It is one of the most endangered animals in China. There are only about 1,000 finless porpoises left in the wild. Finless porpoises are friendly and smart. They have round heads and no dorsal fins（背鳍）, which makes them different from other whales. They feed on fish and shrimp. They can swim very fast and often jump out of the water to breathe. However, the finless porpoise is in great danger. The main reasons are water pollution and overfishing. Factories pour waste water into the Yangtze River, which makes the water dirty. Overfishing reduces the number of fish that porpoises eat. Also, the construction of dams（大坝）changes their living environment. To protect the finless porpoise, the Chinese government has taken many measures. For example, it has set up nature reserves（保护区）along the Yangtze River. Fishing is not allowed in these areas. Also, stricter rules are made to stop water pollution. Scientists are also studying the porpoises to learn more about their behavior and how to protect them. Everyone can do something to help. We should not throw rubbish into rivers. We can also tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the finless porpoise. Let's work together to save this lovely animal. 26. What makes finless porpoises different from other whales? A. They are smaller. B. They have round heads and no dorsal fins. C. They swim faster. D. They feed on fish and shrimp. 27. Why are finless porpoises in danger? ① Water pollution ② Overfishing ③ Too many nature reserves ④ Dam construction A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ 28. What has the government done to protect finless porpoises? A. It has stopped all factories along the Yangtze River. B. It has allowed fishing in some areas. C. It has set up nature reserves. D. It has done nothing. 29. What can we do to help finless porpoises? A. Throw rubbish into rivers. B. Tell others about protecting them. C. Fish in nature reserves. D. Pollute the water. 30. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Finless porpoises are friendly and smart. B. Finless porpoises are in danger and need protection. C. The government has taken measures to protect finless porpoises. D. Everyone can help protect finless porpoises. （B） Maria was born in a small village in Nepal. When she was a little girl, she wanted to go to school like boys. But in her village, most girls didn't go to school. They had to stay at home to help their families with housework and farming. Maria's mother wanted her daughter to have a better life. She believed that education was the key. So she talked to Maria's father: "Let Maria go to school. She is smart and she wants to learn." At first, Maria's father didn't agree. He thought girls should stay at home. But after her mother's repeated requests, he finally agreed. Maria was very happy. She worked hard at school. She was one of the top students in her class. Every day, she walked a long way to school. Sometimes it rained or snowed, but she never gave up. When Maria was 16, she got a chance to study in a high school in the capital city. It was a big challenge for her. She had to live alone and learn to take care of herself. But she didn't feel afraid. She studied even harder. After graduating from high school, Maria went to a university. She studied education because she wanted to help more girls in her village go to school. Now, Maria is a teacher. She goes back to her village every summer holiday to teach the girls there. She tells them: "Education can change your life. Never give up your dreams." Thanks to Maria's efforts, more and more girls in her village have the chance to go to school. Maria's story inspires many people. She shows that with hard work and perseverance, everyone can achieve their dreams. 31. Why didn't most girls in Maria's village go to school? A. They were not smart enough. B. They didn't like studying. C. They had to help with housework and farming. D. Their parents couldn't afford the school fees. 32. Who helped Maria realize her dream of going to school? A. Her father. B. Her mother. C. Her teacher. D. Her classmates. 33. What did Maria study in university? A. Education. B. Science. C. Medicine. D. History. 34. What does Maria do now? A. She is a student. B. She is a farmer. C. She is a teacher. D. She is a doctor. 35. What can we learn from Maria's story? A. Education is not important for girls. B. With hard work, we can achieve our dreams. C. Girls should stay at home. D. It's easy to achieve dreams. （C） The ocean is a huge and amazing world. It covers more than two-thirds of the Earth's surface. The ocean is home to millions of living things, from tiny plankton to huge whales. The ocean is very important to us. It provides us with many things. For example, we get fish, shrimp and other seafood from the ocean. Seafood is an important part of many people's diet. The ocean also gives us salt, which we use to cook food. Moreover, the ocean helps regulate（调节）the Earth's climate. It absorbs（吸收）a lot of heat from the sun. This helps keep the Earth's temperature stable. The ocean also produces a large amount of oxygen. About half of the oxygen we breathe comes from the ocean. However, the ocean is facing many problems. Pollution is a big threat. People throw plastic bags, bottles and other rubbish into the ocean. This hurts marine animals. Many animals mistake plastic for food and eat it, which causes them to die. Overfishing is another problem. Some fishermen catch too many fish, which reduces the number of fish in the ocean. We must protect the ocean. We can reduce plastic use by using reusable bags and bottles. We can also support sustainable fishing（可持续捕鱼）. Governments should make stricter rules to stop ocean pollution. Everyone has a responsibility to protect the ocean. Let's work together to keep the ocean clean and healthy. 36. How much of the Earth's surface does the ocean cover? A. Less than one-third. B. More than two-thirds. C. About half. D. All of it. 37. What do we get from the ocean? ① Seafood ② Salt ③ Oxygen ④ Plastic A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 38. Why is the ocean important to the Earth's climate? A. It produces oxygen. B. It provides seafood. C. It absorbs heat from the sun. D. It gives us salt. 39. What problems is the ocean facing? A. Pollution and overfishing. B. Pollution and cold weather. C. Overfishing and lack of oxygen. D. Lack of salt and pollution. 40. What can we do to protect the ocean? A. Throw more plastic into the ocean. B. Ignore the ocean problems. C. Catch as many fish as possible. D. Use reusable bags and bottles. 四、基础知识。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. The ______（海洋）is so blue that it looks like a piece of jade. 42. There are many tall trees in the ______（森林）, and they produce oxygen. 43. The ______（河流）runs through the city and brings fresh water to people. 44. Few people can live in the ______（沙漠）because of the bad weather. 45. The ______（山脉）in the west of China are very high and beautiful. 46. The ______（平原）in North China are very suitable for farming. 47. We should drink more ______（新鲜的）water every day to keep healthy. 48. Some animals can ______（幸存）in very cold places because they have thick fur. B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 49. The river in my hometown ______（run）through forests and plains before it flows into the lake. 50. Last year, a heavy storm ______（destroy）some trees in the national forest, but new ones have been planted this year. 51. Many rare animals ______（depend）on the wetland for food and water. We must protect this important landscape. 52. The desert ______（cover）about one-fifth of the earth's land area. It has a special beauty. 53. When we visited the mountain last month, we ______（breathe）the freshest air and enjoyed the amazing views. 54. Some plants can ______（store）water in their roots to survive the long dry season in the desert. 55. The forest ______（produce）oxygen for humans and animals all year round. It's called the "lungs of the earth".五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Lucy is a 16-year-old environmental volunteer who devotes herself to urban biodiversity protection. Last year, she signed up for the City Green Initiative, a local non-profit organization dedicated to building small ecological gardens and green corridors in crowded residential areas. Every Saturday morning, she meets her teammates at the community square, then they walk to the nearby abandoned lot to work. They clear the garbage, turn the soil, and plant native flowers and shrubs that are attractive to bees and butterflies. They also set up wooden bird feeders and water basins in the trees, hoping to draw more small birds to settle down. Besides these tasks, Lucy and her team regularly visit the neighborhood families to give out brochures. They teach residents how to sort household waste properly and how to recycle materials like plastic bottles and old newspapers into useful crafts. Lucy’s interest in this meaningful cause started with a school lecture on sustainable living. The speaker shared how a tiny urban garden could provide shelter for dozens of species and improve the air quality around the community. Deeply moved, Lucy realized that even small daily actions could make a big difference to the environment. In her spare time, she also gives 15-minute talks at the community center, sharing practical tips on creating a wildlife-friendly balcony—such as growing herbs and avoiding pesticides. Thanks to Lucy and her teammates’ continuous efforts, the once-barren lot has now turned into a lively mini forest, and more and more neighbors have begun to join their green campaign. 56. Which organization did Lucy join? 57. When does Lucy do volunteer work? 58. What do Lucy’s team give to residents? 59. What made Lucy love the green cause? 60. What does Lucy share at the community center? 六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Marathon is a long-distance running race. It is named after a small town in Greece. Running a marathon is not easy. It requires a lot of t 61 and perseverance（毅力）. Li Ming is a marathon lover. He started running five years ago. At first, he could only run a few k 62 . But he didn't g 63 up. He ran every morning before work. He gradually i 64 his running distance. After two years of hard training, he ran his first marathon. It was a 42.195-kilometer race. He felt very tired during the race, but he kept going. When he crossed the f 65 line, he was very excited. Now, Li Ming runs a marathon every year. He says running marathons teaches him a lot. It makes him stronger b 66 physically and mentally. He also meets many like-minded friends during the races. They e 67 each other and help each other. Last month, Li Ming t 68 part in a marathon in Nanjing. The course went through many beautiful places in the city, such as Xuanwu Lake and Jiming Temple. The weather was perfect for running. Li Ming enjoyed the race very much. He finished the race in 3 hours and 45 minutes. It was his best r 69 so far. Li Ming hopes more people can take up running. He says: "Running is a cheap and healthy sport. It can help you keep fit and relieve（缓解）stress. You don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a pair of running shoes and a w 70 heart." 七、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是张明，你的英国笔友 Tom 对中国的自然景观很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，介绍一处你最喜欢的中国自然景观。内容包括： 景观的名称和位置； 景观的特色； 你喜欢它的原因。 要求： 词数 80-100； 语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $