期末语法专题讲练讲义 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语上册

七上期末冲刺专题课核心语法梳理及配套练习 1、七上语法专题-------------------------------名词单复数 2、七上语法专题------------------------------- 一般现在时 3、七上语法专题------------------------------- 代词专题 4、七上语法专题-------------------------------常见特殊疑问词 5、七上语法专题-------------------------------时间表达法 6、七上语法专题-------------------------------数词专题 七上语法专题1 名词单复数 1．可数名词变复数的规则变化 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 在词尾＋s chicken-chickens, rabbit-rabbits 以s、x、ch、sh结尾 在词尾＋es glass-glasses,box-boxes 以辅音字母＋y结尾 变y为i再加es city-cities,family-families 以f或fe结尾 变f或fe为v再加es wife-wives,knife-knives 直接＋s roof-roofs,beliefbeliefs 以辅音字母＋o结尾 表示有生命的词尾＋es hero-heroes,tomato-tomatoes 表示无生命的词尾＋s photo-photos,piano-pianos 以元音字母＋0结尾 在词尾＋s radio-radios,zoo-zoos 2．可数名词复数的不规则变化 ①男人女人a变e man-men 男人 woman-women 女人 ②ee 换成oo tooth-teeth 牙 foot-feet 脚 goose-geese 鹅 ③表示某国人的复数变化 Chinese-Chinese 中国人 Japanese-Japanese 日本人 Swiss-Swiss 瑞士人 Englishman-Englishmen 英国人 Frenchman-Frenchmen 法国人 American-Americans 美国人 Canadian-Canadians 加拿大人 German-Germans 德国人 ④男人女人前后都变 man teacher-men teachers 男老师 woman doctor-women doctors女医生 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ⑤男孩女孩只变后面 girl student-girl students 女学生 boy student-boy students 男学生 ⑥变换词尾的名词 Child-children ox-oxen ⑦单复数同形的名词 Sheep 绵羊 means 手段 Chinese 中国人 works 工厂 deer 鹿 series 系列 1．固气液 （不太能被分割计数的整体视作不可数，可理解为无固定形状） air 空气 water 水 bread 面包 coffee 咖啡 tea 茶 paper 纸 soup 汤 milk 牛奶 2．很抽象 （含义太抽象，无法数） Happiness 幸福 health 健康 luck 幸运 Patience 耐心 energy 能量 love 爱 3．表总称 （表示一类东西的总称称呼，不可数） food 食物 fruit 水果 homework 作业 housework 家务 money 钱 4．不易数 （组成个体太小了，不容易查个数） rice 大米 salt 盐 sand 沙子 hair 头发 snow 雪 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 名词单复数 1.-Do you do eye_every dayat school? -Yes. And we also do morning to build up our body. A.exercise;exercise B.exercises;exercise C.exercise:exercises D.exercises;exercises 2.-What do they want? -The four students need some shoes. A.boys;sport B.boys;sports C.boy;sports D.boy;sport 3. There are fifty in our school. They are all friendly to us. A.woman teachers B.women teacher C.woman teacher D.women teachers 4.-I like this brown .How much is it? -15 dollars. A.socks B.shorts C.shoes D.shirt 5.-Is this your ? -Yes,and these are two of my friend. A.friend;photoes B.friends;photos C.friend;photos D.friends;photo 6.-What time does Linda brush her ? -She does it after she gets up in the morning. A.tooth B.teeth C.eyes D.nose 7.-Are there many in that hospital? -Yes,there are A.man doctors;many B.men doctor; a lot C.men doctors;some D.man doctor;much 8. -What's on the table, Sally? -Some and A.bread;bananas B.hamburger;eggs C.apples;chickens D.potato;fishes 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 9. My school trip great! We had fun. A.was;so much B.is;so much C.is;so many D.was;so many 10.-It seldom a lot in the north of China. -But there is much_in Beijing these days. A.rains;rains B. is raining;rain C.rainy;rainy D.rains;rain 11.-There milk in the kitchen. We need to go to the store. A.are;few B.is;little C.is;a little 12. There bad news on television tonight. A. is too much B.are too much C.is too many D.are too many 13. There are many animals in the zoo, and some of them are shy. A. kinds of; kind of B.kinds of; kind to C.kind of; kinds of 14. -Hi,Jenny! What do we have today? -Chinese,math,art,music and English.And our have a party after . A.class, class,class B.classes, class, class C. classes, classes, classes D.classes, classes, class 答案 1-5 DCDDC 6-10BCAAD 11-14BAAB 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 七上语法专题2 一般现在时 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或现在的状态。 I like the lessons on Monday afternoon. 我喜欢星期一下午的课。 They don't know her name. 他们不知道她的名字。 -- Do you clean your classroom after school？放学后你们打扫教室吗？ -- Yes, we do./ No, we don't.是的，我们打扫。／不，我们不打扫。 eg:He works in a zoo.他在动物园工作。 否定句：He doesn't work in a zoo.他不在动物园工作。 一般疑问句：--Does he work in a zoo？他在动物园工作吗？ 回答：--Yes,he does./No,he doesn't.是的，他在。／不，他不在 规则 示例 一般情况下在词尾加-s put - puts like - likes eat - eats 以s、x、sh、ch等结尾的词，在词尾加-es wash-washes catch- catches 以＂辅音字母＋y＂结尾的词，变y为i再加-es study-studies fly - flies 以字母o结尾的词，在词尾加-es go-goes do- does 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、高频频率副词（常位于实义动词前，be动词／助动词后） always 总是、usually 通常、often 经常、sometimes 有时、seldom 很少、 hardly ever 几乎不、never 从不 二、表示规律性的时间短语 every day/week/month/year 每天／周／月／年 once/twice/three times a week 每周一／两／三次 on Mondays/weekends 每周一／周末 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上／下午／晚上（指习惯） at night/noon 在夜间／中午 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一般现在时 1. My sister the piano very well, but she hasn't had time to play recently. A.will play B.plays C.played D.has played 2.-Sally the piano very well. -Quite right. She practices every day. A.plays B.is playing C.played D.playing 3. Leaves yellow in autumn. And many people come here to enjoy the beautiful view. A.will turn B. are turning C. are going to turn D.turn 4.-Light faster than sound. -Yes,you' re right. A.traveling B.travels C.traveled 5. -Look at the book! It says the sun at around 6 o' clock in summer. -But it' s just 5:30 now and the sun A. is rising, is rising B.rises,rises C.rises, is rising D. is rising,rises 6.-Look! The self-driving taxi on the road. -Yes.People often it to their workplaces these days. A. is running; are riding B.runs; are riding C. is running;ride D.run;ride 7. The boy always has lots of math to do, but he still every day. A.exercise;exercises B.exercises;exercise C.exercise;exercise D.exercises;exercises 8. -I a letter to my father every month. -Maybe he your letter at the moment. A.write; is reading B.am writing;reads C.write;reads D. am writing;is reading 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 9. -Listen!Who_in the music room? -It must be Jane. She usually at this time every day. A.is singing;sings B. is singing; is singing C.sings;is singing D.sings;sings 10. -How is your day at school? -I'm busy my study. Because school begins at 7:30and at 5:20. A.in;over B. in;finishes C.with;over D.with;finishes 11.I English every morning and I_English now. A.read;read B.am reading;read C.read;am reading D.am reading; am reading 12.-Where's Jim? -He by the lake at this moment. He often a long bus ride with his friends to a lake every Saturday. A.camps;takes B. is camping; takes C. is camping; is taking 13. -What does your father often do after dinner? -He often after supper. But now,he . A. reading newspapers; listening to music B.reads newspapers; is listening to music C. reads newspapers; listens to music D. is reading newspapers; listens to music 14. I football quite well, but I haven't had time to play since the new year. A.will play B.have played C.played D.play 15. -Hello,may I speak to Mr.Green? -Sorry, he is not at home. If he_back, I will tell him to call you back. A.comes B.came C.is coming D.will come 16. -How is the weather now? -It very cloudy and I it will rain. A.got,worry B. gets,worried C.got,worried D.gets,worry 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 17. -Who is the young woman? -Miss Green,my teacher.She me history. A.teach B.teaches C.is teaching D.taught 18. She usually TV in the evening, but now she_her homework. A.watch;did B.watches;does C.watches; is doing D.watched;does 19. My father doesn't play sports. He only on TV. A.watching it B.watch them C.watch it D.watches them 20. -Look at the sky! There is a large number of birds. -They are migrant birds（候鸟）.They usually from the north to south in winter. Now they back. A.flew;are flying B.fly;are flying C.are flying;fly D.fly;flew 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案 1-5BADBC 6-10CDAAD 11-15CBBDA 16-20DBCDB 七上语法专题3 代词专题 1. it, one,that 的区别： 代词 用法描述 例句 one 用以指代同类事物中的任一，非特指，可替代前文提到的单数可数名词 I don't like this book. Can you give me another one? （我不喜欢这本书。你能给我另一本吗？ that 特指性强，用于替代前文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词，有时用于避免重复 The movie that we watched last night was fantastic. （我们昨晚看的电影非常棒。） It 指代上文提过的同一事物，用于非人称代词，常指代时间、距离、天气等抽象概念或前面已提及的物体 It's raining outside, so you should bring an umbrella.（外面下雨了，所以你应该带把伞。） 2．不定代词 1、both,either,neither 都表两者范围，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，both可用作同位语。both 意为＂两者都”，either 表＂两者中任一个＂,neither表＂两者都不＂。 2、any,none,all 表三者或三者以上范围，any 表任何一个、一些（不可数或复数概念，用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中）;none 表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不；表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有；all 整个的；所有的（三者或三者以上）；所有的（不可数）。 e.g.This book is a good seller, so you can buy it at any shop in Beijing. / None of us are/is perfect. / All of the village was flooded. 3、no one,nobody,none,nothing:no one,nobody表没有人，nothing 指没有什么事物，none 兼指人和物。none 着眼于数量概念。”特指的人或物一个也没有，一点儿也没有＂。 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ----How many people are there in the hall? ----None. ----who wants to go with him? ----No one(Nobody). ----What can you see in the bottle? ----Nothing. ----Is there any water in it? ----None. 4、another, the other,the other＋复数名词（或 the others),other（或other＋复数名词） 代词 定义 例句 another 表三者或三者以上范畴中的任 一，单独使用或与单数名词连 用，与数词连用，表＂再有＂ I don't like this shirt.Please show me another one. I need another two apples. the other 表两者中的另外那个，one.....the other There are two books on the table. I've read one, and I'll read the other later. the other＋复数名 词／the others 另外那些，表示其余所有的人或物，强调剩余的全部 There are five students in the classroom. Three are playing,and the others are reading. others/other＋复 数名词 另一些，表余下人或物中的另一些，泛指 Some students like math,while others prefer science. 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 代词专题 1. -What kind of house would you like? -I'd like with a garden in front of A.it;it B.one;it C.it;one D.one;one 2. Students in this school speak English or Chinese, or even. A.either;neither B.both;either C.either;both D.both;neither 3. -What do you think of their plans? -I don' t agree with_. But I have to say some of them are of some value. A.any B.all C.none D.each 4. My parents and I couldn't get into the house because of us had a key. A.none B.neither C.any D.all 5.( )-Which one can I take? -You can take of them; I'll keep none. A.any B.both C.neither D.all 6. The research group developed two reports, but included any useful suggestions. A.all B.either C.none D.neither 7. -What did you and your friends buy in the shop this afternoon? - . of us had money for anything. A. None; No one B. Nothing; None C. Nothing; Nobody D.None; Nothing 8. -Are all these girls from Wuhan? -No,only ten of them are. are from cities. A.Others;other B. The other;another C.The others; another D. The others;other 9. -Do you all live far from school? -We live near our school, but he lives on side of town. A.the other B.another C.other D. the others 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 10. -Would you like to have bowl of rice? -No,thanks.I'm full. A.another B.other C.the other D.others' 11. There are many shops on side of the main street. A.both B.either C.neither D.all 12. -How many books did you sell in that school yesterday? - .It seemed that most of students have got one. A.None B.No one C.Nobody D.Nothing 13. -Bob,have you found your lost smartphone? -No,I haven't found ,buy my dad bought for me this afternoon. A.one;it. B.it;one C.that;one D.one;that 14. Your home town is really nice! The air quality（质量）is as good as of Sanya． A.it B.one C.that D.the one 15. The monitor closed the door when there was in the classroom. A.nothing B.nobody C.none D.neither 16. I can' t believe it! I have been to six hotels so far bout has any room available. A.neither B.none C.both D.all 17. They _gave an answer,but of them is right. A.both;either B.both;neither C.all;either D.all;neither 18. The old woman has two sons, but of them lives with her. A.both B.either C.neither D.none 19. -She has to choose between her job and family after having a baby. -It' s really hard. She doesn' t want to give up A.all B.either C.any D.none 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 20. -Look, what are the students doing on the playground? -Oh,you see. Some are running, some are jumping the rope, are chatting. A. another B.other C.others D.the other 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案： 1-5BCBAD 6-10DBDAA 11-15BABCB 16-20BBCBC 七上语法专题4 常见特殊疑问词及用法 特殊疑问词（组） 含义及用法 例句 what “什么”，对活动、事物或人的职业等进行提问 What's this？这是什么？ What is your job？你是做什么工作的？ what class/ grade “哪个班级及／年级”，对所在班级／年级进行提问 What class/grade are you in？你在几班／年级？ what colour “什么颜色”，对颜色进行提问 What colour is her skirt？她的裙子是什么颜色的？ time “几点”，对时间点进行提问 What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点起床？ when “什么时候”，对时间进行提问 When does he come back？他何时回来？ where “哪里”，对地点进行提问 Where is she from？她来自哪里？ who “谁”，对姓名和身份进行提问 Who is that girl？那个女孩是谁？ why “为什么”，对原因进行提问 Why do you like the hat？你为什么喜欢这顶帽子？ whose “谁的”，对所属关系进行提问 Whose bottle is this？这是谁的瓶子？ which “哪一个，哪些”对特定范围内的人或物进行提问 Which boxis yours？哪个盒子是你的？ how “怎么样”，对方式或程度进行提问 How does she go to school？她怎样去上学？ how many “多少”，对可数名词的数量进行提问 How many apples are there in the bag？袋子里有多少个苹果？ much “多少”，对不可数名词的数量或事物的价钱进行提问 How much water is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少水？ old “几岁”，对年龄进行提问 How much is it？这个多少钱？ often “多长时间一次”，对频率进行提问 How old is your brother? 你的弟弟几岁了？ tall “多高”，对高度进行提问 How often do you go to visit your grandparents? 你多久去看望一次你的爷爷奶奶？ long “多长／多久”，对长度或时间段进行提问 How long is the bridge？这座桥多长？ How long does it take you to walk to school every day？你每天步行上学需要多长时间？ far “多远”，对距离进行提问 How far is it from your home to the post office? 你家离邮局多远？ 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 特殊疑问词 1. ( ) - do you have music class? -We have music class_Tuesday and Thursday. A.What time;on B.When;on C.What time;in D.When;in 2. - father took part in the charity activity in the neighbourhood yesterday? -Peter's. A.Whose B.What C.Which D.Who 3.- will we know the results of the competition? -In a week, I suppose. A.How much B.How far C.How soon D.How long 4. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind to buy. A.what B.which C.how D.where 5. - is it from your home to the bookstore? -About four miles. A.How long B.How much C.How many D.How far 6. --- T-shirt is this? Is it John's? --- I don't think so. It's too small for him. A.Which B.What C.Who D.Whose 7. ( )- are you going to be a pianist? -I am going to take piano lessons. A.How B.What C.When D.Why 8.- does it take to fly from Beijing to Shanghai? -About two and a half hours. A.How soon B.How often C.How much D.How long 9. --- does Simon visit his grandparents in New York with his brother? --Once a year. 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A.How long B.How many C.How soon D.How often 10.- apples are there in the bag? -There are ten apples in the bag. A.How much B.How old C.How D.How many 11. - times have you visited Gansu Science Museum?-Only once. A.How often B.How many C.How long D.How soon 12. -Do you know Mr Black's address? -He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I'm not sure of A.where;which B.where;what C.what;which D.what;where 13.- have you lived in Hubei ,Jane? -For about 16 years. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How often 14. Listen up, everybody! Show me your licence. Don't ask _.Just do it! A.what B.when C.how D.why 15. You do not win respect by showing _you are, but what you're able to do. A.where B.who C.how D.when 26 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案：1-5 BACBD 6-10 DADDD 11-15 BCCDB 七上语法专题5 时间表达法 时 间 表 达 法 整点 ＂整点数＋o'clock＂或＂整点数＂ 非整点 顺读法 ＂先时后分＂。先读整点数，再读分钟数，都用基数词来读。当分钟数 小于10时，遇到数字0，发字母o的音表 逆读法 分钟数小于30时，用＂分钟数＋past＋整点数＂表示； 分钟数为30时，用＂half past＋整点数＂表示； 分钟数超过30时，用＂60减去分钟数＋to＋下一个整点数＂表示； 分钟数是15或45时，分钟数可用 quarter 表示 5:00-It 's five o' clock./ It 's five 6:30- six thirty 2:58-two fifty-eight 4:05- four past five 8:10- ten past eight 1:30- half past one 5:56- four to six 10:15-a quarter past ten 5:45-a quarter to six 时间表达法 1. We usually have the first lesson eight o' clock the morning. A.In;at B.on;in C.in;on D.at;in 2. -Is it 9:40 now? -Yes,it's . A.twenty to ten B.twenty to nine C.twenty past eight D.twenty past nine 3. -What time is it? -It's A.forty past nine B.fifty to ten C.five to eleven D.six a quarter 4. -What's the time? A. It's ten o'clock. B. It's half past ten. C. It's ten past ten. D. It's ten to ten. 5. -Excuse me,what's the time now? -It's 8:45. -You mean" "? A. a quarter to nine B. a quarter to eight C. a quarter past eight D. a quarter past nine 6. Which of the following is CORRECT? A. It's thirty-one past one. B. It's forty-five minutes to nine. C. It's eight past a quarter. D. It's fifteen past eight. 7. -Excuse me,what,s the time now? -It's A. at a quarter to twelve B.two three 30 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.half to nine D.thirty-five past seven 8. It will take us to get to the airport by car. A.one hour and half B.one and half hours C.one and a half hour D.one and a half hours 9. -Kate, Can you tell me how to read 7:15 in English? -Sure.It is A.seven a quarter B.seven fifteen C.seven past fifteen D.fifteen to seven 10. "It's ten to eleven" means "It is A.10:11 B.11:10 C.10:50 31 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案：1-5 DABCA 6-10 DDDBC 七上语法专题6 数词专题 基数词 一、0-12是独立单词 0 zero 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 二、13-19在个位数词的词后面加-teen 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 三、20-90整十是在个位数词后面加-ty 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 四、表示几十几是在十位和个位基数词之间添加连字符 eg:21 twenty-one 35 thirty-five 78 seventy-eight 五、三位数：先读百位，读作“几百”，然后在百后面加and，最后读末尾的两位数 864 eight hundred and sixty-four 101 one hundred and one 基数词的用法 基数词表示百／千／百万／十亿 1．表示具体数量：不加s不加of eg；两百 two hundred 三百万 three million 2．表示模糊概念：加of,，加s eg：成百上千的 hundreds of 成千上万的 thousands of 3．基数词表示年龄 1）基数词＋year(s)+old 某人几岁了 ten years old 2)at the age of＋基数词 在.....几岁时 at the age of ten 3) in one's＋整十的复数形式 某人几十多岁 I'm in my twenties 系数词 序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往和定冠词the 连用。 构成 方法 示例 一般情况下基数词后加-山构成相应的序数词 four-fourth thirteen- thirteenth 整十数序数词的构成是将基数词词尾的y 变为ie.再加-th twenty-twentieth forty- fortieth 大于20的两位及两位以上的基数词变序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词 twenty-one - twenty-first one hundred and fifty- three - one hundred and fifty-third 28 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 特殊情况特殊记 one-first two -second three-third five-fifth eight-eighth nine- ninth twelve-twelfth 缩写 序数词的缩写形式为：阿拉伯数字＋序数词的最后两个字母。 - first-1st second-2nd third -3rd fifth -5th forty- fifth -45th 用法 （1）表示事物的顺序，其前一般加定冠词the，但当序数词前面有物主代词等修饰时，不再加定冠词。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China 黄河是中国的第二长河。 Today is her ninth birthday.今天是她的九岁生日。 （2）表示编号，序数词在前，名词在后，序数词前要加the。 the fifth lesson 第五课 （3）序数词前可以加上不定冠词 a/an，用来表示＂又一；再一”。 ＂I can have a third try.我可以再试一次。 （4）表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于一时，表示分母的序数词要变为复数。 one fifth 五分之一 two thirds 三分之二 （4）日期表达法： 日期可以用基数词或序数词书写、无论怎么书写，都必须用序数词读出来，the可以不读出来 10月1日 October 1=October 1st 读作：October (the) first 12月26日 December26=December26th 读作：December(the)twenty-sixth 29 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 数词专题 1. -Why do you get up so early? -Today is my mother's birthday.I want to buy her a gift. A.40 B.fourteenth C.40th D.fourteen 2. -Is Henry in the grade,too? -Yes, but he is in Class A.seventh;Fourth B.seven;Four C.seventh;Four 3. ( ) -What do you think of Wuhan? Great! It's like my_hometown.It's my year here now. A.second;twelfth B.two;twelfth C.second;twelve D.two;twelve 4.number of foreign leaders come to Beijing for the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation(＂一带一路＂国际合作高峰论坛）. A.A;third B.A;three C.The;third D.The;three 5. -Is that girl in yellow your cousin? -No.My cousin is a girl,but this girl is only about . A. 12-year-old; 8 years old B. 12-years-old; 8 years old C.12-year-old; 8-year-old D.12 years old; 8-year-old 6. About of the teachers in our school born in A.two-thirds;was;1970 B.two-thirds; were; the 1970s C.two-third;was;1970s D.two third; were;the 1970 7. -What did you do this Dragon Boat Festival? -Not much. But I've heard that people watched the Dragon boat races and of them were men. A.million of; three quarters B. three millions; third quarter C. millions of; three quarters D. three million; third quarter 8. You'll never get second chance like this. If you succeed, you'll not only achieve your goal but also make history for our team 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A.a;/ B.the;/ C.a;the D.the;the 9. -How old is your brother? -_.Today is his birthday. A.Twenty-one;twenty-first B. Twenty one;twenty-first C.Twenty-first;twenty-one D.Twenty first; twenty one 10. My father served in the army in when he was in A.1950' s;twenties B. the 1950s; his twenties C. the 1950' s;the twenties D.1950' s;the twenties 答案：1-5 CCAAA 6-10BCAAB 33 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $