专练06 非谓语动词（专题专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专练06 非谓语动词 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 考向01 非谓语动词用法（语法填空） 考向02 非谓语动词在句子翻译中运用（句子翻译） B组·抢分能力练 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 题源：2026 年虹口区一模第 7 题 · 原题：(7)____________ (shape) by facing imaginary monsters, readers learn how to face real-life challenges. · 答案：Shaped/Having been shaped · 新考法说明：本题考查过去分词 / 现在分词完成式作状语，强调 “被动关系 + 动作先后” 的双重逻辑。逻辑主语 “readers” 与 “shape” 为被动关系，若仅表被动用 Shaped；若强调 “被塑造” 先于 “学会面对挑战”，则用 Having been shaped。允许两种合理答案，体现语法考查的灵活性，且结合童话对读者的影响这一主题，突出非谓语动词在表达逻辑关系中的功能。 题源：2026 年徐汇区一模第 1 题 · 原题：No longer referring to simple cosmetic surgery, it now described a radical procedure to augment the human sense of smell, 1(grant) individuals olfactory powers equivalent to a bloodhound’s. · 答案：granting · 新考法说明：本题考查现在分词作结果状语，强调 “主动关系 + 自然结果”。主语 “it”（嗅觉增强手术）与 “grant” 为主动关系，手术的效果自然是 “赋予人类敏锐嗅觉”，用现在分词体现结果的必然性。结合未来科技主题，通过非谓语动词传递动作逻辑，考查学生在复杂语境中区分状语功能的能力。 考向01 单句语法填空 1．When I was in my primary school, I had an opportunity (attend) a musical contest held in my school. 2．A team of 12, including four performers, uses willow scoops to fling (抛) molten iron onto a cold wall, (create) a tree of sparks. 3．Unfortunately, last spring he had his house seriously (damage) in a sudden hurricane, which made him homeless. 4．This conclusion was drawn from a study (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, which tests 3-D navigation skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Ultimately, if in doubt, abandon the food (avoid) potential illness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．An alarm (play) by the smartphones will be sent to the services automatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．But with no compasses, satellites or radios, how did they manage (map) the globe so impressively? (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Research suggests a connection between deforestation, ________ (result) in poorer air quality, and increased rates of depression and anxiety. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．Harbin, (know) for its ice and snow festivals, became very popular last winter. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．It is a broad and beautiful country (stretch) from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.(所给词的适当形式填空) 11．I made a resolution (respect) and protect this unique landscape while I was here. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．Dust storms are common throughout the year and cover the entire planet for weeks, (block) sunlight from reaching the surface. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．Shock absorbers originally (apply) to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us (continue) along the same path of adventure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．Though (major) in engineering, the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which ____ (regard) as an art form. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考向02 非谓语动词在句子翻译中运用 1．对于参赛者而言，真正重要的不是获奖，而是参与其中并享受比赛的过程。(matter) 2．我花了很多时间试图说服他去放弃那些坏习惯。（convince sb. to do） 3．那座太阳能驱动的智能房屋，令孩子的父母印象深刻。(impression) 4．看到四岁的侄女握着蜡笔，用心地画着她认为的美景，我突然意识到孩子能以独特的视角，发现成人忽略的美好。(aware) 5．无论压力多大，这位天才运动员都能稳定发挥，在各大赛事中摘金夺银，为国争光。（However） 6．令她松了口气的是，一夜暴风雨过后，还有一片叶子紧紧挂在墙上。（cling） 7．他总是因为害怕犯错而避免在课上回答问题.（typical） 8．他回答得吞吞吐吐，从某种意义上说，就是婉拒你的邀请。(equal) 9．花一整天时间游览这座古镇是值得的。(worthwhile) 10．受深厚的农耕文化与生态旅游资源驱动。这座偏远村庄如今已蜕变为宜居宜游的美丽乡村。(fuel) 11．她翻着电子相册，绘声绘色地给我讲了在法国小镇的所见所闻，还非要跟我显摆意外习得的几句法语。(account) 12．毋容置疑，使用一次性包装会浪费资源，所以环保组织总在呼吁大家尽量减少使用。(appeal) 13．美术馆应是让人们静心欣赏艺术、陶冶情操的地方，如今却沦为喧闹的网红拍照打卡点。(reduce) 14．内科医生一丝不苟地进行了多项筛查，以排除患脑癌的可能性。(rule) 15．尽管时间有限，他下定决心阅读各种书籍来增长知识，开阔眼界。(expose) Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below. fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. Fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank. The Rise of Urban Gardening In recent years, a remarkable shift in lifestyle has been observed, as a growing number of city residents have begun growing their own food, 1 has led to the rising popularity of urban gardening. This movement creatively overcomes the challenges of dense urban living. Limited outdoor space in cities doesn’t seem to be an insolvable problem anymore 2 gardeners are cultivating vegetables on balconies, rooftops and even in small containers placed on sunny indoor windowsills. Fundamentally, urban gardening offers a solution to 3 is widely thought of as a disconnect between modern consumers and their food source. In an age of industrialized agriculture.many city kids have little idea about how to grow food, and urban gardening can therefore serve as a vital, hands-on educational tool, bringing lessons of biology and sustainability to life. Moreover, the nutritional benefits are significant; vegetables harvested from your own garden are undeniably fresher, free from prolonged transport and storage, and often more nutritious than 4 mass-produced and bought from supermarket shelves. To foster the community spirits, some community gardens 5 (set) up in the past decade, providing invaluable shared spaces for people who lack their own patches of soil. In these collaborative gardens, urban gardeners of all backgrounds share their knowledge and harvest, 6 (strengthen) neighborhood community bonds. 7 it is clear that urban gardening won’t replace large-scale traditional farming in feeding the entire population, it does undoubtedly make our cities greener, more resilient, and our daily lives healthier. With more people 8 (involve) in this rewarding trend, driven by a desire for sustainability and self-sufficiency, it’s highly likely 9 urban gardening will continue to flourish and evolve in the coming years. The future of a portion of our food, therefore, might be   10 (close) to home than we ever thought possible, taking root in the very heart of our urban landscapes. Passage 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Feeling depressed or lonely can age us faster than smoking, researchers say Feeling unhappy, depressed or lonely could speed up the aging processes more than smoking or even certain diseases, researchers have suggested. While everyone has an age based on their date of birth — “chronological age”, they also have 11 is known as a “biological age”, based on the ageing of the body’s functions, influenced by genetics, lifestyle and other factors. Studies have previously suggested the higher the biological age, the higher the risk of various diseases, and the risk of death. Now researchers say they have created a digital model of ageing, 12 (reveal) the importance of psychological health. “Your body and soul are connected, 13 is our main message,” said Fedor Galkin, a co-author of the study and lead scientist at the Hong Kong startup Deep Longevity. “We demonstrate that psychological factors, 14 feeling unhappy or being lonely, add up to 1.65 years to one’s biological age,” they write. 15 Galkin said the figure is an estimate, not least as the model assumes that different feelings like hopelessness or fearfulness are independent of each other, the study highlights that 16 fast we age is significantly associated with our psychological state. “Taking care of your psychological health is the greatest contributor to 17 (slow) down your pace of ageing,” he said. The team also reported that heavy smokers are 18 (likely) to be 15 months older than their non-smoking peers while living in urban areas reduces biological age by five months. Similarly, 19 (marry) takes about seven months off one’s biological age. But, he said, it is unlikely that isolation and loneliness are truly worse risk factors for health than smoking, while the study only looked at the data that 20 (collect) at one point in time. “The researchers did not follow up participants to show that those with psychological distress actually aged more rapidly,” he said. “It will be important in the future 21 (test) whether these predictions can be fulfilled by repeating testing over a number of years.” 2023上海秋考 His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 ) _____(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )_____(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age. The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )_________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. 2023上海春考 (21) __________( originate ) in the United States of America, the idea of Young Enterprise was introduced into Britain by a successful banker. But it is usually possible (24 )__________ ( include ) young people in the same age group who have left school but have not yet started work. A Sponsor,(29)______ (reward) only by the success of the enterprise of "its" Achievers, is an organization which participates in Young Enterprise and,at its own expense, provides facilities by making available communications,advice and encouragement. 2022上海秋考 Interviewing entrepreneurs might provide insight into the steps they took(22) ________(achieve) success. Here is the interview of entrepreneur-related questions, and you will find more preparations for it. Suppose a business idea does not center on producing a product that fills a gap in the(25) ______ (exist) market. In that case, it most often centers on applying technical advancements to simplify the process of obtaining a product or service. It necessitates a work style (29)________ (characterize) by multitasking and planning for the firm's short and long term goals. 2022上海春考 The light moved across the sky, (21)___________( come ) and going, like clouds in a strong wind in the United States, ...... Why does the aurora happen? And why can we only see it at the top or bottom of the earth The aurora is made by something (25)__________(call) the ‘'solar wind’( wind from the sun). ........ Alaska is a good place ( 28 )________( see ) the aurora borealis , and you can also go to places like Iceland, Siberia , the north of Greenland , Norway , Sweden,..... 2021年秋考 Heating and cooling systems in buildings can also be a source of disease. Take old air conditioners in windows as an example. They tend to collect dirt and water, which makes it easy for bacteria (26)_____( grow). Pollution of the oceans can also be a factor in spreading disease. The pollution may be caused by fertilizers that wash into rivers and then into the ocean, or by human waste (29) _________ ( dump ) directly into the ocean with no processing. These pollutants result in the increased growth of tiny plants that are called algae (海藻). They can form a thick mass in the water, (30) __________( provide ) a perfect environment for cholera , a fatal disease. 2021年春考 This is where(23)________(play)the flute comes in, if you can make playing the flute cool, you deserve all the fame and fortune in the world! If you're paying for a studio, the last thing you want is to spend it catching up with each other,so meet half an hour in advance to get all the chatting(27)_______(finish). Each band member should choose a song for the whole band(28)______(learn)ready for rehearsal. 2021年春考 (24) _________ (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) _________ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game. The latter (28)_________ (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth of this bold prediction. Motecuhzoma lost the game and did, of course, lose his kingdom at the hands of the invaders from the Old World. 2020年秋考 Time flies and we spend a lot of time (27)________ (check) how much time we have left! 2020年春考 (24) _________ (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) ___what______ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game. The latter (28)__had predicted_______ (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth of this bold prediction. 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专练06 非谓语动词 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 考向01 非谓语动词用法（语法填空） 考向02 非谓语动词在句子翻译中运用（句子翻译） B组·抢分能力练 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 题源：2026 年虹口区一模第 7 题 · 原题：(7)____________ (shape) by facing imaginary monsters, readers learn how to face real-life challenges. · 答案：Shaped/Having been shaped · 新考法说明：本题考查过去分词 / 现在分词完成式作状语，强调 “被动关系 + 动作先后” 的双重逻辑。逻辑主语 “readers” 与 “shape” 为被动关系，若仅表被动用 Shaped；若强调 “被塑造” 先于 “学会面对挑战”，则用 Having been shaped。允许两种合理答案，体现语法考查的灵活性，且结合童话对读者的影响这一主题，突出非谓语动词在表达逻辑关系中的功能。 题源：2026 年徐汇区一模第 1 题 · 原题：No longer referring to simple cosmetic surgery, it now described a radical procedure to augment the human sense of smell, 1(grant) individuals olfactory powers equivalent to a bloodhound’s. · 答案：granting · 新考法说明：本题考查现在分词作结果状语，强调 “主动关系 + 自然结果”。主语 “it”（嗅觉增强手术）与 “grant” 为主动关系，手术的效果自然是 “赋予人类敏锐嗅觉”，用现在分词体现结果的必然性。结合未来科技主题，通过非谓语动词传递动作逻辑，考查学生在复杂语境中区分状语功能的能力。 考向01 单句语法填空 1．When I was in my primary school, I had an opportunity (attend) a musical contest held in my school. 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查不定式。句意：当我在小学时，我有机会参加在我校举办的一场音乐比赛。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词opportunity，修饰opportunity时，应使用动词不定式形式作定语。故填to attend。 2．A team of 12, including four performers, uses willow scoops to fling (抛) molten iron onto a cold wall, (create) a tree of sparks. 【答案】creating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个由12人组成的团队，包括4名表演者，用柳勺将铁水抛向冰冷的墙壁，从而产生了火花树。“(create) a tree of sparks”作结果状语，create(创造，造成)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“A team of 12”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填creating。 3．Unfortunately, last spring he had his house seriously (damage) in a sudden hurricane, which made him homeless. 【答案】damaged 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：不幸的是，去年春天，他的房子在一场突如其来的飓风中严重受损，使他无家可归。分析句子可知，“had his house seriously ______ (damage)”是“have + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的结构。在这个结构中，宾语“his house”和宾补之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，即“房子被损坏”，所以要用过去分词作宾语补足语，“damage”的过去分词形式是 “damaged”。故填damaged。 4．This conclusion was drawn from a study (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, which tests 3-D navigation skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】involving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一结论来自一项研究，研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家，该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。分析句子结构可知involve与逻辑主语study构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填involving。 5．Ultimately, if in doubt, abandon the food (avoid) potential illness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to avoid 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，如果有疑问，放弃食物以避免潜在的疾病。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to avoid。 6．An alarm (play) by the smartphones will be sent to the services automatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】played 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：智能手机播放的警报将自动发送到服务。动词play意为“播放”，和谓语之间没有连词，根据by the smartphones可知，和主语构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填played。 7．But with no compasses, satellites or radios, how did they manage (map) the globe so impressively? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to map 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：但在没有指南针、卫星或无线电的情况下，他们是如何绘制出如此令人印象深刻的全球地图的呢？manage to do意为“成功做某事”，此处应用to do不定式。故填to map。 8．Research suggests a connection between deforestation, ________ (result) in poorer air quality, and increased rates of depression and anxiety. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】resulting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究指出，森林砍伐导致空气质量变差，并且抑郁症和焦虑症的发病率上升。本句谓语为suggests，此处为非谓语动词，本空用result“导致”的现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填resulting。 9．Harbin, (know) for its ice and snow festivals, became very popular last winter. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】known 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨以冰雪节而闻名，去年冬天非常受欢迎。became为谓语动词，所以空处需要非谓语动词作状语，be known for“因……而出名”，所以去掉be动词，剩下过去分词作状语。故填known。 10．It is a broad and beautiful country (stretch) from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stretching 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：这是一个广阔而美丽的国家，从大西洋一直延伸到太平洋。分析句子可知，空格处是定语成分，因为country与stretch是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填stretching。 11．I made a resolution (respect) and protect this unique landscape while I was here. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to respect 【详解】考查动词。句意：当我在这里的时候，我下定决心尊重并保护这一独特的景观。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定短语make a resolution to do sth。故填to respect. 12．Dust storms are common throughout the year and cover the entire planet for weeks, (block) sunlight from reaching the surface. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】blocking 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：沙尘暴全年都很常见，覆盖整个地球数周，阻挡阳光照射到地球表面。此处为非谓语动词作状语，block与逻辑主语Dust storms之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填blocking。 13．Shock absorbers originally (apply) to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】applied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护建筑物和挽救生命，在地震频发的城市也设置了原先用于航天飞机发射的减震器。句中已有谓语动词have been set up，所以空格处用非谓语动词形式。apply与其逻辑主语Shock absorbers之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填applied。 14．With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us (continue) along the same path of adventure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to continue 【详解】考查不定式。句意：每一次太空任务都带来了更深刻的见解，从而激励我们继续沿着同样的冒险之路前进。motivate sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“激励某人做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to continue。故填to continue。 15．Though (major) in engineering, the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which ____ (regard) as an art form. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 majoring is regarded 【详解】考查时态，主谓一致，省略，固定短语和被动语态。句意：虽然学的是工程专业，但这位女士还是努力学习被视为一种艺术形式的书法。though引导的让步状语从句意为“虽然她正在学的是工程专业”，由made可知，从句时态是过去进行时，主语she是单数，因此though引导的从句是though she was majoring in engineering，状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此第一空是majoring；书法被认为是一种艺术形式，“被认为”是be regarded as，“书法被认为是一种艺术形式”是一种客观事实，时态用一般现在时，which指代的是先行词calligraphy，是单数，因此第二空是is regarded。故填majoring，is regarded。 考向02 非谓语动词在句子翻译中运用 1．对于参赛者而言，真正重要的不是获奖，而是参与其中并享受比赛的过程。(matter) 【答案】What really matters to the participants is not winning awards, but participating and enjoying the process of the competition. 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词、主语从句。表示“什么”用what，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“重要”用动词matter，句子描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数；表示“真正地”用副词really，作状语，修饰matters；表示“对于”用介词to；表示“参赛者”用participant，表示多个参赛者，用复数形式，作介词for的宾语。表示“获奖”用win awards，用动名词，作表语。表示“参与其中”用participate，表示“享受”用enjoy，二者均用动名词，作表语，且二者为并列关系，用连词and连接，表示“比赛的过程”用the process of the competition，作enjoying的宾语。winning awards与participating and enjoying the process of the competition为转折关系，用连词but连接。故翻译为What really matters to the participants is not winning awards, but participating and enjoying the process of the competition.   2．我花了很多时间试图说服他去放弃那些坏习惯。（convince sb. to do） 【答案】I spent a lot of time trying to convince him to give up those bad habits. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。“花了很多时间做某事”是spend a lot of time doing sth.，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，spend的过去式是spent，“试图做某事”是try to do，用动名词作宾语，“说服某人做某事”是convince sb. to do sth.，“放弃”是give up，“那些坏习惯”是those bad habits。故翻译为I spent a lot of time trying to convince him to give up those bad habits. 3．那座太阳能驱动的智能房屋，令孩子的父母印象深刻。(impression) 【答案】The smart house driven by solar energy left/made a deep impression on the child's parents. 【详解】考查固定短语及非谓语动词。“智能房屋”为“The smart house”；“驱动”用drive，“房屋”与“驱动”是被动关系，用过去分词driven by solar energy作后置定语修饰the smart house；“给……留下深刻印象”固定表达为leave/make a deep impression on sb. 。句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故译为The smart house driven by solar energy left/made a deep impression on the child's parents. 4．看到四岁的侄女握着蜡笔，用心地画着她认为的美景，我突然意识到孩子能以独特的视角，发现成人忽略的美好。(aware) 【答案】Seeing my four-year-old niece holding a crayon and carefully drawing what she considered a beautiful scene, I suddenly became aware that children can discover the beauty overlooked by adults from their unique perspectives. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、宾语从句以及时态。“看到……”用现在分词短语Seeing...作时间状语，表与主句动作同时发生，“四岁的侄女”译为my four-year-old niece，作宾语，“握着蜡笔”是hold a crayon，和宾语之间是主动关系，且表示正在进行的动作，应用现在分词作宾语补足语；“用心地画着她认为的美景”使用并列的现在分词短语“carefully drawing what she considered a beautiful scene”作宾补，其中“what she considered a beautiful scene”是宾语从句；“突然意识到”描述过去发生的动作，使用一般过去时，表达为suddenly became aware ，“孩子能以独特的视角，发现成人忽略的美好”译为一个宾语从句，“孩子可以发现……美好”为从句主干，描述一般性事实，使用一般现在时，译为children can discover the beauty，“成人忽略”使用被动结构be overlooked by adults，作后置定语修饰beauty，使用过去分词形式，“以独特的视角”使用介词短语from their unique perspectives，从句结构、意义、完整，应用that引导。故译为Seeing my four-year-old niece holding a crayon and carefully drawing what she considered a beautiful scene, I suddenly became aware that children can discover the beauty overlooked by adults from their unique perspectives. 5．无论压力多大，这位天才运动员都能稳定发挥，在各大赛事中摘金夺银，为国争光。（However） 【答案】However great the pressure is, this talented/genius athlete can always perform steadily, winning gold and silver medals in various competitions/events to honor the country. 【详解】考查让步状语从句、非谓语动词和时态。根据汉语语境可知，句子陈述运动员的客观能力，应用一般现在时。“无论压力多大”用所给提示词“However”的“However+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”结构引导让步状语从句，“压力”译为the pressure，be动词使用is，“大”用形容词great，故从句译为However great the pressure is，“这位天才运动员都能稳定发挥，在各大赛事中摘金夺银，为国争光”为主句，“这位天才运动员”作主语，译为this talented/genius athlete，其中talented/genius意为“天才的，有天赋”，作定语修饰后面的名词athlete；“都能稳定发挥”译为can always perform steadily，其中情态动词can表能力，steadily为副词修饰动词perform作状语；“在各大赛事中摘金夺银”用现在分词短语winning gold and silver medals in various competitions/events作伴随状语，表示与 “稳定发挥” 同时发生的动作，其中动词win表示“赢得，获得”，形容词various 表示“各个的，不同的”，名词competition/event表示“比赛，赛事”；“为国争光”用不定式to honor the country作目的状语，说明摘金夺银的目的。综上，整句话可译为：However great the pressure is, this talented/genius athlete can always perform steadily, winning gold and silver medals in various competitions/events to honor the country. 6．令她松了口气的是，一夜暴风雨过后，还有一片叶子紧紧挂在墙上。（cling） 【答案】To her relief, after a night of storm, there was still a leaf clinging tightly to the wall. 【详解】考查there be句型、时态、非谓语动词和固定短语。“令她松了口气的是”用固定短语to her relief，作状语，句首单词首字母需大写；“一夜暴风雨过后”用介词短语after a night of storm，作时间状语；“还有一片叶子紧紧挂在墙上”用there be句型，句子陈述过去事实，应用一般过去时，主语“一片叶子”用a leaf，为单数，故be动词应用was；“还”用still；“紧紧挂在墙上”用clinging tightly to the wall，作a leaf的后置定语，其中动词cling与逻辑主语a leaf为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式， tightly为副词作状语修饰动词clinging。故翻译为：To her relief, after a night of storm, there was still a leaf clinging tightly to the wall. 7．他总是因为害怕犯错而避免在课上回答问题.（typical） 【答案】It is typical of him to avoid answering questions in class for fear of making mistakes. 【详解】考查固定句型、非谓语动词。根据汉语提示和指定词typical，表“某人总是/一向做某事”用It is typical of sb. to do sth.句型，为一般现在时；it作形式主语，真正主语为后面的不定式短语。表示“避免做某事”用avoid doing sth.，avoid后接动名词作宾语；“回答问题”用answer questions；“在课上”用in class；“因为害怕犯错”用for fear of making mistakes。故翻译为：It is typical of him to avoid answering questions in class for fear of making mistakes. 8．他回答得吞吞吐吐，从某种意义上说，就是婉拒你的邀请。(equal) 【答案】He speaks hesitantly and, in a sense, it’s equal to politely declining / turning down your invitation. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。“回答”使用动词speak，“吞吞吐吐”使用副词hesitantly作状语，“从某种意义上来说”使用介词短语in a sense，结合提示词可知“就是”使用固定短语be equal to，to是介词，后接动词时使用动名词形式作宾语，“婉拒”使用politely decline/turn down，副词politely作状语修饰动词（短语），“邀请”使用名词invitation，句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，故翻译为：He speaks hesitantly and, in a sense, it’s equal to politely declining / turning down your invitation. 9．花一整天时间游览这座古镇是值得的。(worthwhile) 【答案】It is worthwhile to spend a whole day exploring this ancient town./It is worthwhile spending a whole day exploring this ancient town. 【详解】考查固定句型和动名词。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时；表示“做某事是值得的”用固定句型It is worthwhile to do sth.... 或It is worthwhile doing sth....；表示“花一整天时间”用spend a whole day，spend用动名词形式或不定式形式均可；表示“游览这座古镇”用“explore this ancient town”。故翻译为It is worthwhile to spend a whole day exploring this ancient town./It is worthwhile spending a whole day exploring this ancient town. 10．受深厚的农耕文化与生态旅游资源驱动。这座偏远村庄如今已蜕变为宜居宜游的美丽乡村。(fuel) 【答案】Fueled by its rich farming culture and eco-tourism resources, this remote village has now transformed into a livable and tourist-friendly beautiful countryside. 【详解】考查过去分词和时态。“受……驱动”，fuel有“给……提供燃料；推动”之意，和逻辑主语“村庄”之间是被动关系，这里用过去分词短语Fueled by...作状语表被动和原因，“深厚的农耕文化与生态旅游资源”为its rich farming culture and eco-tourism resources。“偏远村庄”表达为remote village，“如今已蜕变”表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，用现在完成时has now transformed，transform into表示“转变为” ，“宜居宜游的美丽乡村”表达为a livable and tourist-friendly beautiful countryside。故翻译为：Fueled by its rich farming culture and eco-tourism resources, this remote village has now transformed into a livable and tourist-friendly beautiful countryside. 11．她翻着电子相册，绘声绘色地给我讲了在法国小镇的所见所闻，还非要跟我显摆意外习得的几句法语。(account) 【答案】Browsing / Leafing / Scrolling through her digital album, she gave me a vivid account of her experiences in the French town and insisted on showing off to me the few French phrases she had accidentally picked up. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定搭配和定语从句。根据句意，该句描述过去发生的动作，全句以一般过去时为基调；表示“翻着电子相册”作伴随状语，与主语she为主动关系，使用现在分词形式，“翻（电子相册）”可译为browsing/leafing/scrolling through，“电子相册”为her digital album；表示“绘声绘色地给我讲了……的所见所闻”使用固定搭配give me a vivid account of sth.，give的过去式为gave，“她在法国小镇的所见所闻”译为her experiences in the French town作介词of的宾语；表示“还非要跟我显摆”使用并列连词and连接，“非要做某事”译为insist on doing sth.，insist的过去式为insisted，“显摆”为show off；表示“意外习得的几句法语”中，“几句法语”为the few French phrases，“意外习得的”使用定语从句修饰名词短语，先行词the few French phrases在从句中作宾语，可省略关系代词that/which，“习得”为pick up，“意外”为accidentally，从句动作发生在主句动作之前，使用过去完成时had picked up，因此定语从句译为she had accidentally picked up。故翻译为Browsing / Leafing / Scrolling through her digital album, she gave me a vivid account of her experiences in the French town and insisted on showing off to me the few French phrases she had accidentally picked up. 12．毋容置疑，使用一次性包装会浪费资源，所以环保组织总在呼吁大家尽量减少使用。(appeal) 【答案】There is no doubt that using single-use packaging wastes resources, so environmental organizations always appeal to people to minimize their use. 【详解】考查固定句型和短语。陈述事实用一般现在时。表示“毋容置疑”句型为There is no doubt that…；表示“使用一次性包装”用动名词短语using single-use packaging，作主语；表示“浪费资源”为waste resources；so表示因果关系；表示“环保组织”为environmental organizations；表示“总是”用副词always；表示“呼吁某人做某事”短语为appeal to sb. to do sth.；表示“大家”用名词people；表示“尽量减少使用”可用minimize their use。故翻译为There is no doubt that using single-use packaging wastes resources, so environmental organizations always appeal to people to minimize their use. 13．美术馆应是让人们静心欣赏艺术、陶冶情操的地方，如今却沦为喧闹的网红拍照打卡点。(reduce) 【答案】A gallery should be a place for people to appreciate art in peace and cultivate their minds, but now it has been reduced to a noisy photo spot for online influencers/celebrities. 【详解】考查名词（短语）、动词（短语）、形容词和介词短语。主语“美术馆”可用名词a gallery，“应是”可用情态动词should和be动词搭配，表语“让人们做某事的地方”可用名词短语a place for people to do，其中不定式作后置定语，说明place的功能，“静心欣赏艺术”可用动词短语appreciate art in peace，“陶冶情操”可用动词短语cultivate their minds，两个动词短语之间用表并列关系的并列连词and连接；“却”可用表示转折的并列连词but，状语“如今”可用副词now，隐含的主语“它”用代词it，“沦为”可用动词短语reduce...to...的被动形式，且此处时态宜用现在完成时，表明过去的行为对现在的影响，“喧闹的拍照打卡点”可用名词短语a noisy photo spot，“网红”可用名词短语online influencers或online celebrities，用介词for引出对象。故可译为：A gallery should be a place for people to appreciate art in peace and cultivate their minds, but now it has been reduced to a noisy photo spot for online influencers/celebrities. 14．内科医生一丝不苟地进行了多项筛查，以排除患脑癌的可能性。(rule) 【答案】The physician carried out several screenings carefully and thoroughly to rule out the possibility of brain cancer. 【详解】考查不定式作目的状语及固定搭配。表示“内科医生”用the physician作主语，“进行多项筛查”用carry out several screenings，carry out作谓语，陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式，“一丝不苟地”译为carefully and thoroughly，作状语；“排除”对应固定短语rule out，表目的，用动词不定式形式，“患脑癌的可能性”译为the possibility of brain cancer，作宾语。句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为：The physician carried out several screenings carefully and thoroughly to rule out the possibility of brain cancer. 15．尽管时间有限，他下定决心阅读各种书籍来增长知识，开阔眼界。(expose) 【答案】Despite the limited time, he is determined to read various books to gain knowledge and expose himself to a broader world. 【详解】考查介词、名词、形容词和动词。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时表当下的决心和计划。表示“尽管时间有限”应用Despite the limited time，介词短语表让步；表示“他下定决心”应用he is determined to，为固定搭配；表示“阅读各种书籍”应用read various books；表示“来增长知识”应用to gain knowledge，不定式作目的状语；表示“开阔眼界” 应用expose himself to a broader world，动词短语expose oneself to表“使自己接触……”，与“gain knowledge”并列作目的状语。故翻译为Despite the limited time, he is determined to read various books to gain knowledge and expose himself to a broader world. Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below. fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. Fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank. The Rise of Urban Gardening In recent years, a remarkable shift in lifestyle has been observed, as a growing number of city residents have begun growing their own food, 1 has led to the rising popularity of urban gardening. This movement creatively overcomes the challenges of dense urban living. Limited outdoor space in cities doesn’t seem to be an insolvable problem anymore 2 gardeners are cultivating vegetables on balconies, rooftops and even in small containers placed on sunny indoor windowsills. Fundamentally, urban gardening offers a solution to 3 is widely thought of as a disconnect between modern consumers and their food source. In an age of industrialized agriculture.many city kids have little idea about how to grow food, and urban gardening can therefore serve as a vital, hands-on educational tool, bringing lessons of biology and sustainability to life. Moreover, the nutritional benefits are significant; vegetables harvested from your own garden are undeniably fresher, free from prolonged transport and storage, and often more nutritious than 4 mass-produced and bought from supermarket shelves. To foster the community spirits, some community gardens 5 (set) up in the past decade, providing invaluable shared spaces for people who lack their own patches of soil. In these collaborative gardens, urban gardeners of all backgrounds share their knowledge and harvest, 6 (strengthen) neighborhood community bonds. 7 it is clear that urban gardening won’t replace large-scale traditional farming in feeding the entire population, it does undoubtedly make our cities greener, more resilient, and our daily lives healthier. With more people 8 (involve) in this rewarding trend, driven by a desire for sustainability and self-sufficiency, it’s highly likely 9 urban gardening will continue to flourish and evolve in the coming years. The future of a portion of our food, therefore, might be   10 (close) to home than we ever thought possible, taking root in the very heart of our urban landscapes. 【答案】 1．which 2．because/as/since 3．what 4．those 5．have been set 6．strengthening 7．Although/Though/While 8．involved 9．that 10．closer 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是城市园艺（Urban Gardening）的兴起及其多重价值。 1．考查定语从句。句意：近年来，随着越来越多的城市居民开始自己种植食物，人们的生活方式发生了显著的变化，这导致了城市园艺的日益流行。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面的整个主句的内容，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 2．考查原因状语从句。句意：城市中有限的户外空间似乎不再是一个无法解决的问题，因为园丁们在阳台、屋顶甚至放在阳光充足的室内窗台上的小容器里种植蔬菜。由前面的“Limited outdoor space in cities doesn’t seem to be an insolvable problem anymore”和后面“gardeners are cultivating vegetables on balconies, rooftops and even in small containers placed on sunny indoor windowsills”可知，前后两句话之间是因果关系，空格处意为“因为”，是because/as/since，引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：从根本上说，城市园艺为人们普遍认为的现代消费者与其食物来源之间的脱节提供了一个解决方案。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“城市园艺为人们普遍认为的现代消费者与其食物来源之间的脱节提供了一个解决方案”，因此用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 4．考查代词。句意：此外，它的营养价值是显著的；不可否认，从自家菜园里收获的蔬菜更新鲜，没有长时间的运输和储存，而且往往比那些从超市货架上批量生产和购买的蔬菜更有营养。根据语境可知，句子表示“从自家菜园里收获的蔬菜更新鲜，没有长时间的运输和储存，而且往往比那些从超市货架上批量生产和购买的蔬菜更有营养”，空格处意为“那些”，为同名异物指代，用those指代前面的vegetables，故填those。 5．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：为了培养社区精神，在过去的十年里，一些社区花园被建立起来，为那些没有自己的土地的人提供了宝贵的共享空间。由in the past decade可知，时态是现在完成时，花园是被建立，因此句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语gardens是复数，因此空格处是have been set。故填have been set。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这些合作菜园中，各种背景的城市园丁分享他们的知识和收获，加强邻里社区的联系。句中谓语是share，空格处用非谓语动词，表示一种自然而然的结果，因此用现在分词作结果状语，故填strengthening。 7．考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然很明显，城市园艺不会取代大规模的传统农业来养活整个人口，但它无疑会使我们的城市更绿色，更有弹性，让我们的日常生活更健康。由“it is clear that urban gardening won’t replace large-scale traditional farming in feeding the entire population”可知，句子表示“虽然很明显，城市园艺不会取代大规模的传统农业来养活整个人口，但它无疑会使我们的城市更绿色，更有弹性，让我们的日常生活更健康”，空格处意为“虽然、尽管”，是although/though/while，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的人参与到这种有益的趋势中来，在可持续发展和自给自足的愿望的推动下，城市园艺很可能在未来几年继续蓬勃发展。此处是with复合结构，people和involve之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填involved。 9．考查主语从句。句意：随着越来越多的人参与到这种有益的趋势中来，在可持续发展和自给自足的愿望的推动下，城市园艺很可能在未来几年继续蓬勃发展。it’s highly likely that...是固定句型，意为“很可能……”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，故填that。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，我们的一部分食物的未来，可能比我们想象的更接近我们的家园，在我们城市景观的中心扎根。由than可知，空格处用形容词比较级closer，故填closer。 Passage 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Feeling depressed or lonely can age us faster than smoking, researchers say Feeling unhappy, depressed or lonely could speed up the aging processes more than smoking or even certain diseases, researchers have suggested. While everyone has an age based on their date of birth — “chronological age”, they also have 11 is known as a “biological age”, based on the ageing of the body’s functions, influenced by genetics, lifestyle and other factors. Studies have previously suggested the higher the biological age, the higher the risk of various diseases, and the risk of death. Now researchers say they have created a digital model of ageing, 12 (reveal) the importance of psychological health. “Your body and soul are connected, 13 is our main message,” said Fedor Galkin, a co-author of the study and lead scientist at the Hong Kong startup Deep Longevity. “We demonstrate that psychological factors, 14 feeling unhappy or being lonely, add up to 1.65 years to one’s biological age,” they write. 15 Galkin said the figure is an estimate, not least as the model assumes that different feelings like hopelessness or fearfulness are independent of each other, the study highlights that 16 fast we age is significantly associated with our psychological state. “Taking care of your psychological health is the greatest contributor to 17 (slow) down your pace of ageing,” he said. The team also reported that heavy smokers are 18 (likely) to be 15 months older than their non-smoking peers while living in urban areas reduces biological age by five months. Similarly, 19 (marry) takes about seven months off one’s biological age. But, he said, it is unlikely that isolation and loneliness are truly worse risk factors for health than smoking, while the study only looked at the data that 20 (collect) at one point in time. “The researchers did not follow up participants to show that those with psychological distress actually aged more rapidly,” he said. “It will be important in the future 21 (test) whether these predictions can be fulfilled by repeating testing over a number of years.” 【答案】 11．what 12．revealing 13．which 14．like 15．Although/While 16．how 17．slowing 18．more likely 19．marriage/being married 20．was collected 21．to test 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究人员的发现：情绪抑郁或孤独比吸烟更能加速人体衰老，同时还阐述了生物年龄的影响因素、相关研究模型以及心理健康对延缓衰老的重要性等内容。 11．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：虽然每个人都有基于出生日期的“实际年龄”，但他们也有被称为“生物年龄”的年龄，这种年龄基于身体机能的衰老，受遗传、生活方式和其他因素的影响。have后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“……的事物”，应用what引导。故填what。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在研究人员表示，他们已经创建了一个衰老的数字模型，揭示了心理健康的重要性。reveal与其逻辑主语a digital model of ageing之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填revealing。 13．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：该研究的合著者、香港初创公司Deep Longevity的首席科学家费多尔·加尔金说：“你的身心是相连的，这是我们的主要信息。”先行词是前面整个句子，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 14．考查介词。句意：他们写道：“我们证明，诸如情绪不开心或孤独之类的心理因素会使一个人的生物年龄增加1.65岁。”介词like可用于列举例子，此处列举心理因素的具体表现。故填like。 15．考查让步状语从句引导词。句意：尽管加尔金说这个数字是一个估计值，因为该模型假设绝望或恐惧等不同情绪是相互独立的，但这项研究强调，我们衰老的速度与我们的心理状态显著相关。前后句存在让步关系，句首用although/while/though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/While/Though。 16．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：尽管加尔金说这个数字是一个估计值，因为该模型假设绝望或恐惧等不同情绪是相互独立的，但这项研究强调，我们衰老的速度与我们的心理状态显著相关。how引导宾语从句，修饰副词fast，表示“多么快”。故填how。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：他说：“关注你的心理健康是减缓你衰老速度的最大因素。”to在此处是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填slowing。 18．考查形容词比较级。句意：该团队还报告说，重度吸烟者更可能比不吸烟的同龄人老15个月，而生活在城市地区会使生物年龄减少5个月。likely是形容词，需用比较级more likely与后文15 months older比较。故填more likely。 19．考查名词。句意：同样，婚姻能使一个人的生物年龄减少约7个月。此处作主语，应用名词或动名词形式，marry的名词是marriage，或动名词短语being married表示结婚的状态。故填marriage/being married。 20．考查被动语态。句意：但他说，孤独和寂寞不太可能真的比吸烟对健康的风险更大，因为这项研究只查看了某一时刻收集的数据。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，主语that指代data，与collect之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was collected。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：他说：“未来重要的是通过多年重复测试来检验这些预测是否能实现。”It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，用to test。故填to test。 2023上海秋考 His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 ) _____(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )_____(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age. The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )_________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. 【答案】 22.to watch 23.assuming 27.seated 【详解】 22,to watch【解析】考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,空格前的主语和谓语为He had come判定空格处为非谓语结构。再根据句意判定，该空所在的位置需要填入动词不定式作目的状语，表示“他走过了很长的路来监视他的王国”，因此填to watch。 23.assuming【解析】考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，空格前的句子的谓语是had come,且空格的提示动词前有逗号，判定此处为非谓语结构。根据句意该空需要填入一个非调语动词来表示主语 He的行为，同时这个行为与主句中的 had come a long way是同时发生的，因此应该使用现在分词assuming，表示伴随。 27.seated 【解析】考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入一个形容词或动词的故去分词作表语,“remain+过去分词"表示“某人或某事物仍保持某种状态”，而 seated 是 seat的过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“坐着的”，故此处填入seated。 2023上海春考 (21) __________( originate ) in the United States of America, the idea of Young Enterprise was introduced into Britain by a successful banker. But it is usually possible (24 )__________ ( include ) young people in the same age group who have left school but have not yet started work. A Sponsor,(29)______ (reward) only by the success of the enterprise of "its" Achievers, is an organization which participates in Young Enterprise and,at its own expense, provides facilities by making available communications,advice and encouragement. 【答案】21. Originating 24. to include 29. rewarded 【详解】 21. Originating 考查现在分词 "originate"是“起源于……”，非谓语动词的现在分词形式，修饰"the idea of Young Enterprise"，表示Young Enterprise的想法起源于美国。 24. to include 考查动词不定式。"to include"根据句子结构，空格前的谓语动词is。判定此处为非谓语动词，而且结合句子结构It is加形容词加to do something.故填入动词不定式to include. 句意：但通常可以将同一年龄段的年轻人包括在内，他们已经离开学校，但尚未开始工作。 29. rewarded 考查过去分词。"rewarded"是过去分词作后置定语，修饰"Sponsor"，表示"被奖励"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 2022上海秋考 Interviewing entrepreneurs might provide insight into the steps they took(22) ________(achieve) success. Here is the interview of entrepreneur-related questions, and you will find more preparations for it. Suppose a business idea does not center on producing a product that fills a gap in the(25) ______ (exist) market. In that case, it most often centers on applying technical advancements to simplify the process of obtaining a product or service. It necessitates a work style (29)________ (characterize) by multitasking and planning for the firm's short and long term goals. 【答案】22 to achieve 25.existing 29 characterized 【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据句子结构，企业家所采取的步骤是为了获得成功，所以这里应用动词不定式表目的。而且根据句子的谓语动词 might provide判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。故填入to achieve。句意:采访企业家可能会让你了解他们取得成功所采取的步骤。 25.existing 【解析】考查先分词作定语。根据句子结构可知,此处应用形容间修饰名词 market,而且从句子的谓语动词 does not center 也推测空格处动词需要填写非谓语动词,故填入existing(现存的，现行的)。句意:假设一个商业想法的中心不是生产填补现有市场空白的产品。 29.characterized 【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语，根据句子的谓语动词necessitates 判定空格处的提示动词为非谓语动词结构，而且由"by”可知，此处应用过去分词修饰名词词组a work style，此处实际上是一个定酒从句.which is characterized by multitasking and planning: 省略了 which is，故填入characterized。句意:它需要种多任务处理和为公司的短期和长期目标规划的工作风格。 2022上海春考 The light moved across the sky, (21)___________( come ) and going, like clouds in a strong wind in the United States, ...... Why does the aurora happen? And why can we only see it at the top or bottom of the earth The aurora is made by something (25)__________(call) the ‘'solar wind’( wind from the sun). ........ Alaska is a good place ( 28 )________( see ) the aurora borealis , and you can also go to places like Iceland, Siberia , the north of Greenland , Norway , Sweden,..... 【答案】21.coming 25.called 28.to see 【解析】 21.coming [解析]考查现在分词。根据句子结构，空格处提示动词与“going”并列，所以形式应保持一致，所以填入 coming。句意:光在天空中移动，来来去去，就像强风中的云。 25.called [解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。根据句子的谓语动词 is made，判定空格处的动词为非谓语结构，而且分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词的过去分词作后置定语修饰 something，故填入 called。句意: 极光是由一种叫做“太阳风来自太阳的风)的东西产生的。 28.to see [解析]考查动词不定式。根据句子谓语动词 is 判定空格处提示动词是非谓语动词结构，而此处考查的是句式:(It+is+a/an+名词+to+do+sth.)，故填入 to see句意:阿拉斯加是观赏北极光的好地方。 2021年秋考 Heating and cooling systems in buildings can also be a source of disease. Take old air conditioners in windows as an example. They tend to collect dirt and water, which makes it easy for bacteria (26)_____( grow). Pollution of the oceans can also be a factor in spreading disease. The pollution may be caused by fertilizers that wash into rivers and then into the ocean, or by human waste (29) _________ ( dump ) directly into the ocean with no processing. These pollutants result in the increased growth of tiny plants that are called algae (海藻). They can form a thick mass in the water, (30) __________( provide ) a perfect environment for cholera , a fatal disease. 【答案】 26. to grow 29. dumped 30. providing 【答案详解】 26.to grow 【解析】考查动词不定式。根期从句的谓语动间 makes 判定此处非讲语结构。而且根糖句子结构分析，此处考查固定搭配 make it +adj to do sth意为“使某事助的怎么样"，故此处填入to grow。 29. dumped 【解析】 考查过去分词。根据主句谓语动词 may be caused 以及or 引导的并列状语，判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。而且句子结构分析，该空处做后置定语修饰 human waste，再结合上文内容推知，此处想要表达的是“未经加工直接被倾倒到海洋中的人类废弃物”，即此处需要填入动词的过去分词形式，故此处填入 dumped。 30. providing 【解析】考查现在分词。根据句子的谓语动词 can form 判定空格处的动词为非谓语结构,在从句子结构分析，该空构成分词短语作状语,再根据相关句意分析,此处想表述的是“它们可以在水中形成厚厚的团块，为霍乱这种致命疾病提供一个完美的环境”，即此处需要填入动同的现在分词，故此处填入 providing 2021年春考 This is where(23)________(play)the flute comes in, if you can make playing the flute cool, you deserve all the fame and fortune in the world! If you're paying for a studio, the last thing you want is to spend it catching up with each other,so meet half an hour in advance to get all the chatting(27)_______(finish). Each band member should choose a song for the whole band(28)______(learn)ready for rehearsal. 参考答案 23. playing 27. finished 28. to learn 答案详解 23. 考查动名词。这里是where引导表语从句，此句中已经有谓语动词comes，同时根据句意：“这就是长笛的来龙去脉，如果你能让长笛变酷，你就应该名利双收！”。后面句子中的if引导的条件状语从句可以忽略。这里需要用非谓语作主语，这是表示一般的动作，因此正确答案为playing。 27. 考查过去分词。So后面的句子中有谓语动词meet，因此空格处的动词一定是非谓语。根据此句句意：“如果你要为一个工作室买单，你最不想的就是花时间互相攀谈，所以提前半小时见面，把所有的闲聊都完成。”这里是finish作get补语，且与前面的chatting之间是被动关系。因此用finished。 28. 考查动词不定式。根据此句的谓语动词choose，判定这里是非谓语动词。根据句意：“每个乐队成员都应该为整个乐队选择一首歌曲，为排练做好准备。”这里用不定式作目的状语。 2021年春考 (24) _________ (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) _________ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game. The latter (28)_________ (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth of this bold prediction. Motecuhzoma lost the game and did, of course, lose his kingdom at the hands of the invaders from the Old World. 【答案】 24. Losing 29. to establish 详解如下： 24. Losing 【解析】考查非谓语—现在分词。本句主语是Hun Hunahpús，谓语是had his head...off，lose the game与逻辑主语Hun Hunahpús是主动关系，所以用现在分词，losing the game作伴随状语。 29. to establish 【解析】考查非谓语—动词不定式。根据上下文可知，本空前文说特克可国王曾预言Motecuhzoma的王国将会灭亡，而组织这次比赛就是为了证实这一大胆预言的真实性，此处不定式表示组织比赛的目的。 2020年秋考 Time flies and we spend a lot of time (27)________ (check) how much time we have left! 【答案】 27. checking 【解析】查动名词，根据 spend time(in)doing 结构，这里用checking 2020年春考 (24) _________ (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) ___what______ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game. The latter (28)__had predicted_______ (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth of this bold prediction. 【答案】 24. Losing 29. to establish 24. Losing 【解析】考查非谓语—现在分词。本句主语是Hun Hunahpús，谓语是had his head...off，lose the game与逻辑主语Hun Hunahpús是主动关系，所以用现在分词，losing the game作伴随状语。 29. to establish 【解析】考查非谓语—动词不定式。根据上下文可知，本空前文说特克可国王曾预言Motecuhzoma的王国将会灭亡，而组织这次比赛就是为了证实这一大胆预言的真实性，此处不定式表示组织比赛的目的。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $