Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教用Word(外研版)

本讲义聚焦高中英语主谓一致核心语法点，系统梳理语法一致原则（如“百分数+of+名词”依名词数定谓语单复数，“every+单数名词”“none”“most of+不可数名词”用单数）和就近一致原则（or等连接并列主语及there be句型依就近名词定谓语），通过例句归纳规则，构建从具体到系统的学习支架。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过例句分析归纳规则提升逻辑思维，多维度练习（基础填空、语法与写作、语篇填空）强化语言运用。词汇学习结合教材原句与练习，助力自主学习，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固查漏，提升学习效率。

Section Ⅱ　Using language 主谓一致（2） ①It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants. ②As it is， almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years. ③Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run. ④Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant. ⑤The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI. ⑥I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data ... 【我的发现】 1.由句①②可知，“百分数＋of＋名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由　of后的名词的数　决定。 2.由句③④可知，“every＋单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用　单　数形式。 3.由句⑤可知，当none作主语或主语被none修饰时，谓语动词一般用　单　数形式。 4.由句⑥可知，“most of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用　单　数形式。 一、语法一致原则 1.概述 主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。如果名词中心词是可数名词复数，谓语动词就用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语动词就用单数形式。 2.用法 （1）不可数名词或可数名词单数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；可数名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 These toys are designed for children under three years old. 这些玩具是为三岁以下儿童设计的。 Every part is carefully checked before they are put together. 组装之前，每一个零部件都要仔细检查。 （2）当主语被不定代词修饰或主语本身是不定代词either， neither， each， one， the other， another， anybody， anyone， anything， somebody， someone， something， everybody， everyone， everything， nobody， no one， nothing 等时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 Each of the students has a book. 每个学生都有一本书。 （3）单个的动词不定式、动词-ing形式（短语）或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Swimming in rivers in summer is a good sport， but to swim in rivers in winter needs great willpower. 夏天在河里游泳是一项很好的运动，但冬天在河里游泳需要极大的意志力。 名师点津 what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。 What we need is more money， but what they need are books. 我们需要的是更多的钱，但他们需要的是书。 （4）主语是由“many a＋名词”或“more than one＋名词”构成，其意义虽为复数，但是谓语动词仍然用单数形式。 More than one person was injured in the accident. 不止一人在这次事故中受伤。 Many a person has been cheated by such tricks. 许多人都已被这类骗局所欺骗。 （5）“quantities of＋复数名词/不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“a quantity of＋复数名词/不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Large quantities of time were spent on rehearsal. 大量的时间被花在排练上。 A quantity of nuts is on the table. 桌子上有大量的坚果。 （6）当主语是“most/some/half/the rest/分数/百分数＋of＋名词”时，如果of后面的名词表示单数概念或为不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果of后面的名词表示复数概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。 Two thirds of the students support the plan. 三分之二的学生支持这项计划。 Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海洋。 Eighty per cent of the employees in the company are from Beijing. 公司80%的员工来自北京。 （7）a great deal of，a large amount of修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词通常用单数形式；large amounts of修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。 A large amount of grain has been eaten by birds. 大量的谷物被鸟吃掉了。 Large amounts of grain have been eaten by birds. 大量的谷物被鸟吃掉了。 （8）“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，意为“大量，许多”；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，意为“……的数量”。 Nowadays，a large number of women，especially those from the countryside， work in the clothing industry. 当前，很多妇女，特别是那些来自乡村的妇女，都在服装厂工作。 The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising steadily since 1990. 在中国上大学的外国留学生的数量自从1990年以来在稳步增长。 【即时演练1】　单句语法填空 ①Fifty per cent of the students in our school 　are　 （be） girls. ②The rest of the novel 　is　 （be） very wonderful and instructive. ③During the training stage， each dog 　was　 （be） shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person’s face. ④BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool that gives an indication of whether someone 　is　 （be） a healthy weight. ⑤Large quantities of grain 　have been sent　 （send） to the earthquake-stricken area since three days ago. ⑥When and where to build the new first-aid center 　hasn’t been decided　 （decide） yet. ⑦Walking after supper 　is　 （be） of great benefit to our health. 二、就近一致原则 1.概述 谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫作就近一致原则。 2.用法 （1）由or， either ...or ...， neither ...nor ...， whether ...or ...， not only ...but also ...， not ...but ...等连接的并列名词作主语时，谓语动词常与最邻近的主语在单复数上保持一致。 Not only the students but also the teacher wants to go climbing. 不仅学生们想去爬山，老师也想。 Either Mary or you are to blame for the fault. 要么玛丽要么你应为这个过失负责。 名师点津 “with/along with/together with/as well as/except＋名词”置于主语后充当插入语时，谓语动词一般仍与前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。 Pronunciation， as well as grammar and vocabulary， changes very quickly from one area to another. 与语法和词汇一样，发音因地区差异而变化很快。 （2）在There be句型中，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen， two books and many pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔、两本书和许多铅笔。 There are two books， a pen and many pencils on the desk. 桌子上有两本书、一支钢笔和许多铅笔。 【即时演练2】　单句语法填空 ①The factory， including its equipment and buildings， 　was　 （be） burnt last night. ②A teacher， together with four students， 　was sent　 （send） to help with this research last week. ③The teacher as well as the students 　is　 （be） interested in the project. ④Not only he but also all his family 　are　 （be） keen on concerts. ⑤Either they or I 　am　 （be） responsible for the result of the matter. ⑥There 　is　 （be） a plate， two cups and three spoons on the table. ⑦Tom， along with his friends， 　goes　 （go） swimming every Sunday. assess v.评价，评定 【教材原句】　Bobby was assessed and his talents were revealed to be mostly scientific ... 对博比进行了评估，发现他的天赋主要是科学方面的…… 【用法】 （1）assess sth at　　估定某物值……钱 assess ...as ...　　评定……为…… assess the importance of　　估计……的重要性 （2）assessment n.　　评价，评定 【佳句】　When the experts assess the project， many factors need to be taken into account. 当专家们评估这个项目时，许多因素都需要被考虑进去。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①They assess his old car bought seven years ago 　at　 15，000 yuan. ②The teacher’s 　assessment　 （assess） of the students’ performance was fair and objective. 【写美】　补全句子 ③We are trying to 　assess whether the system works well　. 我们正设法评估这个系统运行得是否顺畅。 bound adj.可能的；很可能会；一定会；有义务（做某事）的；准备前往（某地） 【教材原句】　Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time， but I’m sure they’re bound to happen sooner or later！这些观点中的有些可能听起来太领先于时代了，但我相信它们迟早会实现！ 【用法】 be bound to do ...　　很有可能/肯定会做…… be bound for ...　　准备前往（某地） 【佳句】　If you keep on working hard like this， chances are bound to favour you.如果你继续像这样努力工作的话，机会一定会垂青你的。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He said that he was bound 　for　 New York. 【写美】　补全句子 ②You 　are bound to be thrilled　 at those fantastic exhibitions. 你一定会为那些精彩的展览感到兴奋。 demand n.需要，需求 v.需要，强烈要求 【教材原句】　...with companies intending to provide on-demand services. ……公司打算提供按需服务。 【用法】 （1）be in demand　　有需要 on demand　　一经要求 （2）demand sth　　要求某物 demand to do sth　　要求做某事 demand that sb （should） do sth　　要求某人（应该）做某事 【佳句】　Due to popular demand， a writing project will be started for eager beginners. 应公众的要求，一个为热切的初学者（设立的）写作项目即将开展。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①His novels are 　in　 great demand in this city. ②The teacher came to the classroom and demanded 　to be told　 （tell） what was going on just now. 【写美】　补全句子 ③The head teacher demanded that the blackboard 　（should） be cleaned　 before every class. 班主任要求每节课前把黑板擦干净。 维度一：基础题型练 单句语法填空 1.John， as well as his wife and children， 　is　 （be） going to visit China next week. 2.In the past few days the professor along with his assistants 　has been working　 （work） on the project day and night to meet the deadline. 3.Most of the food was eaten but the rest 　was thrown　 （throw） into the trash bin. 4.There 　is　 （be） a teacher and many students in the old photo. 5.Large quantities of information on this topic 　are　 （be） available on the Internet. 6.A large number of students in our school 　are　 （be） from the countryside. 7.Large amounts of data 　have been collected　 （collect） in the past ten years. 8.Every boy and girl 　shows　 （show） great interest in extra curriculum activities. 9.Half of the building 　has been destroyed　 （destroy） by the earthquake up to now. 10.At Christmas each boy and each girl 　is given　 （give） a present. 维度二：语法与写作 补全句子 1.Jackie， with his parents， 　intends to set out for　 Europe on business next week. 杰基和他的父母打算下周去欧洲出差。 2.The son， rather than his parents， 　is responsible for　 the fire accident. 对这场火灾事故有责任的是儿子， 而不是他的父母。 3.The teacher as well as his students 　is going to plant trees　 tomorrow. 这位老师和他的学生们明天去植树。 4.One survey shows that 　a large amount of water is wasted　 every year in China. 一项调查显示，中国每年都会浪费大量的水。 5.　Not only I but also he looks down on/upon　 those who always depend on others. 不仅是我，他也瞧不起那些总是依赖别人的人。 6.Either you or Jack 　is about to take the place of　 the manager to attend the meeting. 不是你就是杰克要代替经理参加会议。 7.Being addicted to electronics 　is harmful to　 our health. 沉迷于电子产品对我们的健康有害。 8.Each of the girls 　is fond of　 pop music in her class. 她班上每个女孩都喜欢流行音乐。 维度三：语法与语篇 用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。 　　Thirty years 1.　is　 （be） not a long period in history， but every man and every woman 2.　has changed　 （change） a lot in the past thirty years.When it comes to the development of China， none of us 3.　doubt（s）　 （doubt） that either the surroundings or the policy 4.　has benefited　 （benefit） us a great deal.With thirty years’ development， China， along with its people， 5.　is standing　 （stand） higher on the stage of the world.Although there 6.　exists　 （exist） an environmental problem and other ones， like housing and crimes， the public 7.　have　 （have） a strong belief that tomorrow will be better.Whether we can realize our dream 8.　depends　 （depend） on our own effort.To construct our country 9.　is　 （be） a great honour， so not only you but also I 10.　am　 （be） the one who should be devoted to making our country a splendid one. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　There’s a new AI bot： ChatGPT， and you’d better pay attention， even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large， powerful AI system can achieve. 　　ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue， using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned （a method of transfer learning） using both supervised and reinforcement learning （监督和强化学习）. 　　You can ask ChatGPT anything， like explaining physics， asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming （编程） help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet， but it can be creative， and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch， more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January， accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years. 　　ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server （服务器）， it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access， there is an option for you. As of 1 February 2023， OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan， ChatGPT Plus， which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month. 　　However， ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questions， but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ChatGPT的出现，市场反应，并对它的优点及弊端进行分析。 1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT？（　　） A.Its language model. B.Its working theory. C.Its design inspiration. D.Its development process. 解析：B　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段描述了ChatGPT的操作使用，告诉我们它的工作原理。 2.Why does the author list figures in Paragraph 3？（　　） A.To show the popularity of ChatGPT. B.To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT. C.To present the creativity of artificial intelligence. D.To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，本段所列数字显示ChatGPT非常受欢迎。 3.What is ChatGPT Plus intended for？（　　） A.Guiding users to experience free services. B.Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements. C.Helping researchers detect the failure of the system. D.Offering consumers priority access during peak hours. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的As of 1 February 2023， OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan， ChatGPT Plus， which allows users to have general access even during peak times.可知，ChatGPT Plus的目的是在高峰时段给予用户优先访问权。 4.What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google？（　　） A.It operates based on limited data. B.It takes more time to search for solutions. C.It can only update information at a fixed time. D.It may provide replies unrelated to the questions. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.可知，与谷歌相比，ChatGPT的局限性是基于有限的数据进行操作。 B 　　Just a year ago， Sarah fulfilled the dream of owning her own bakery， which was very popular in the local and provided a well-off life for Sarah and her family. But last February， all fell apart， after a car accident left Sarah disabled.“I could barely talk or move，” she sobbed. 　　Darkness and depression drowned Sarah， help seemed out of reach； she couldn’t afford a psychologist. Even worse， she had no health insurance. 　　So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. It is described as a “friendly” and “mental” tool， asking the patient some questions， like “How are you feeling？” or “What’s bothering you？” After the patient responds to the questions， the computer analyzes the words and phrases in the answers， and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists. 　　That is how Sarah found herself on a new frontier of technology and mental health. Advances in artificial intelligence are increasingly being looked to as a way to help people who suffer from mild depression or anxiety. 　　There are， of course， still plenty of doubts about whether machines can read or respond to the human emotions accurately. “Artificial intelligence is still not at a point where they can copy the complexities of human emotions， let alone imitate mental care，” a psychology professor in a mental health center said. 　　However， supporters of chatbot treatment say the approach may also be the only realistic and affordable way. It meets a huge worldwide need for more mental healthcare at a time when there are simply not enough professionals to help all the people who could benefit. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过莎拉的例子介绍了一款提供免费聊天的机器人服务，介绍了聊天机器人的工作方式以及人们对此的看法。 5.What can we know about Sarah from the first two paragraphs？（　　） A.Her family fell apart in an accident. B.She was nearly drowned in an accident. C.She suffered a series of misfortunes then. D.Her dream came true despite an accident. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段内容可知，莎拉遭受了一连串的不幸。 6.How does the chatbot work according to the passage？（　　） A.It answers personal questions. B.It offers free face-to-face service. C.It treats patients with medical care. D.It stores related messages in advance. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists可知，聊天机器人通过预先存储相关信息工作。 7.Why do people doubt about the chatbot？（　　） A.It is unable to respond to human emotions. B.It may not react to human emotions correctly. C.It copies the complexities of human emotions. D.It imitates mental care from human psychologists. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，人们会怀疑聊天机器人是因为它可能无法对人类的情绪作出正确的反应。 8.Which of the following maybe the purpose of this passage？（　　） A.To introduce a free mental-care chatbot. B.To encourage readers to learn from Sarah. C.To suggest a new way to do mental research. D.To call for more attention on mental healthcare. 解析：A　推理判断题。文章通过莎拉的例子介绍了一款提供免费聊天的机器人服务，介绍了聊天机器人的工作方式以及人们对此的看法。由此可推知，本文的目的是介绍一个免费的心理护理聊天机器人。 C 　　（2024·广西玉林高二上期末）In South Korea， students should pay for everything they learn in classes from K-pop auditions to real estate deals. Now， top Korean firms are introducing artificial intelligence in hiring and job seekers want to learn how to defeat the robots to get a job. 　　Many major South Korean companies like SK Innovation and Hyundai use AI in hiring， which generates classes for AI hiring booming fast. Career advisor Park Seong-jung is now offering a three-hour training course in handling recruitment， screening by computers， not people. 　　Preparing for such tests doesn’t necessarily involve simply memorizing answers. “Don’t force a smile with your lips，” Park Seong-jung told students looking for work in a recent session， one of many in which he said he has conducted for hundreds of people. “Smile with your eyes.” 　　One AI video system reviewed by Reuters asks candidates to introduce themselves， during which it spots and counts facial expressions including “fear” and “joy” and analyses word choices. It then asks questions that can be tough，“You are on a business trip with your boss and you spot him using the company credit card to buy himself a gift. What will you say？” 　　Kim Seok-wu， a 22-year-old senior at a top university， recently failed to get beyond an AI interview for a management position at a retail company. “I think I will feel hopeless if all companies go AI for hiring，” Kim said.“The AI interview is too new， so job hunters don’t know what to prepare for and any preparations seem meaningless since AI will read our faces if we make something up.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了韩国公司采用AI技术进行招聘面试而导致社会上兴起专门应对AI面试培训班，也提及了AI的面试方式及求职者对此种面试方式的看法。 9. Why do students in South Korea pay to study courses like AI hiring？（　　） A.They want to be more competitive when faced with AI interview. B.Big companies are in favor of it and want them to beat the androids. C.They want to learn some AI knowledge and learn how to smile before AI. D.AI can analyze their facial expressions and help to prepare for the interviews. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，韩国的顶级企业在招聘中引入人工智能，所以韩国学生要花钱学习人工智能招聘之类的课程，来让自己在面对人工智能面试时更具竞争力。 10. How does AI interview the job applicants according to the test？（　　） A.By making a self introduction and answering some questions. B.By asking interviewees how to deal with the boss’s asking for a gift. C.By looking at what words the interviewees use when answering difficult questions. D.By demanding an introduction， observing facial expressions and asking challenging questions. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，人工智能通过要求介绍、观察面部表情和提出具有挑战性的问题来对求职者进行面试。 11.What may be the job seekers’ attitude towards the AI in hiring？（　　） A.Supportive.　　 B.Disapproving. C.Uncaring.　　 D.Contradictory. 解析：B　观点态度题。根据最后一段中求职者Kim Seok-wu的话可知，求职者对人工智能招聘持反对态度。 12. What is the style of the text？（　　） A.A news report. B.A job interview. C.Scientific paper. D.A job-seeking lecture. 解析：A　推理判断题。文章第一段开门见山地介绍了本文要讨论的话题，是新闻报道中的导语，同时文中多处出现直接引证，符合新闻报道的文本特征。 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　Lino Marrero is a young inventor. For him， being an inventor is about helping the world by creating 　13　to everyday challenges.“I always start with a problem and see how it 　14　people，”he says. 　　Due to 　15　fingers， little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin. But his 　16　for music inspired him to invent a“String Ring”. It is an adjustable band that 　17　a musician’s aching fingers so he can continue practicing. 　　A year later， Marrero created a（n） 　18　shoe with replaceable soles （鞋底） after learning traditional footwear could damage the environment.“Shoe waste 　19　a lot to landfills （垃圾填埋场），” he says，“since it has rubber soles that don’t 　20　easily.” Instead of owning 　21　shoes for different sports， his invention allows athletes to keep just one pair in their cupboards. 　　Marrero’s latest invention， Kinetic Kickz， was the 　22　of his personal experience. Having finished soccer practice， he found his cellphone was out of 　23　.Suddenly， he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer. Then he created a shoe insert （插入物） that 　24　energy and changes it into battery power to 　25　a cellphone. 　　As a high school freshman now， Marrero wants to encourage other teenagers to be inventors， too.“Younger people often have novel 　26　that can be useful in making creations，” Marrero says.“We need to get a chain going， where I inspire some people and they help inspire others 　27　.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Lino Marrero是一位年轻的发明家，对他来说，作为一名发明家就是通过为日常挑战创造解决方案来帮助世界。文章主要介绍了他的一些日常发明。 13.A.additions　　 B.solutions C.reactions　　 D.connections 解析：B　根据空后的to everyday challenges可知，此处指为日常挑战创造解决方案。addition添加物；solution方案；reaction反应；connection连接。 14.A.bothers　　 B.assesses C.distracts　　 D.conducts 解析：A　根据语境可知，Marrero先找到问题，然后看这个问题如何困扰人们。bother困扰；assess评估；distract使分心；conduct实施。 15.A.short　　 B.painful C.faulty　　 D.abnormal 解析：B　根据下文little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin以及a musician’s aching fingers可知，小Marrero想放弃拉小提琴，因为他手指痛。short短的；painful痛的；faulty有缺陷的；abnormal反常的。 16.A.passion　　 B.experience C.curiosity　　 D.concern 解析：A　根据下文inspired him to invent a “String Ring”可知，对音乐的热爱激励他发明了一种“弦环”。one’s passion for ...表示“某人对……的热爱”。passion 热爱；experience经历；curiosity好奇心；concern关心。 17.A.decorates　　 B.stretches C.weakens　　 D.protects 解析：D　根据空后的a musician’s aching fingers so he can continue practicing可知，这种东西可以保护音乐家疼痛的手指，使他可以继续练习。decorate装饰；stretch伸展；weaken削弱；protect保护。 18.A.up-to-date　　 B.good-looking C.eco-friendly　　 D.risk-free 解析：C　根据下文after learning traditional footwear could damage the environment可知，发明可更换鞋底的鞋是为了保护环境。up-to-date最新的；good-looking好看的；eco-friendly环保的；risk-free无风险的。 19.A.owes　　 B.contributes C.devotes　　 D.applies 解析：B　下文提到垃圾填埋场，所以此处指鞋子废物造成大量垃圾。contribute是……的原因之一（后跟to）；owe欠（债）；devote献身；apply应用。 20.A.die out　　 B.end up C.break down　　 D.run out 解析：C　上文提到传统的鞋会破坏环境，此处说明背后的原因——橡胶鞋底不易分解。die out灭绝；end up结束；break down分解；run out耗尽。 21.A.fashionable　　 B.expensive C.similar　　 D.various 解析：D　此处是说他的发明让运动员们不用为不同的运动项目拥有各种各样的鞋子，而是在他们的橱柜里只放一双鞋。fashionable时尚的；expensive昂贵的；similar相似的；various各种各样的。 22.A.copy　　 B.fruit C.award　　 D.label 解析：B　下文介绍Marrero在足球训练结束后发现手机没电了，从而发明了Kinetic Kickz。由此可知，最新的发明Kinetic Kickz是他个人经历的成果。copy复制品；fruit成果；award奖品；label标签。 23.A.power　　 B.order C.demand　　 D.service 解析：A　根据下文he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer可知，Marrero是从手机没电这一经历中得到启发。out of power没电。power电力供应；order订单；demand需求；service服务。 24.A.uses　　 B.generates C.collects　　 D.consumes 解析：C　根据下文and changes it into battery power可知，他的发明可以收集能量并将其转化为电池电源，这样就可以给手机充电了。use使用；generate产生；collect收集；consume耗费。 25.A.repair　　 B.update C.design　　 D.charge 解析：D　参见上题解析。repair修理；update更新；design设计；charge给……充电。 26.A.viewpoints　　 B.comments C.predictions　　 D.occupations 解析：A　根据空后的that can be useful in making creations可知，此处说年轻人通常有对创造有用的新颖观点。viewpoint观点；comment评论；prediction预测；occupation职业。 27.A.in conclusion　　 B.in brief C.in turn　　 D.in advance 解析：C　根据上文We need to get a chain going可知，Marrero希望自己能激励一些人，然后这些人转而帮助激励其他人。in conclusion总之；in brief简言之；in turn转而；in advance提前。 13 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $