Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册教用Word(人教版)

本讲义围绕“节日庆祝的原因”核心主题，系统梳理节日的多元起源（时节、宗教等）、文化共性（共享快乐与感恩）、习俗演变（如鞭炮习俗变化）及社会意义（反映价值观与放松生活）。通过“析架构-知细节-品佳句-抒己见-辨难句”五步学习支架，引导学生从文本结构到语言细节逐步深入理解。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过核心词汇（如range、grateful）和句型（no matter how引导从句、with复合结构）解析提升语言运用能力，对比中外节日（如丰收节、中秋节）增强跨文化认知。课中分步活动助力教师引导学生深度思考，课后练习题与词汇句型归纳帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS？ 　　Festivals are celebrated all around the world.They have a wide range① of origins②， such as the seasons of the year， religions③， famous figures④， and important events.Every festival has its different customs and unique charms⑤.However，[1] no matter how different they may seem， all over the world， the spirit of sharing joy⑥， gratitude⑦， love， or peace is common in all festivals. 　　Of all the traditional festivals， the harvest⑧ festival can be found in almost every culture.[2]This important agricultural⑨ festival takes place after all the crops⑩ have been gathered⑪ in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful⑫ for the year’s supply of food.In ancient Egypt， the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season.It featured⑬ a parade and a great feast with music， dancing， and sports.Today， in some European countries， people decorate⑭ churches⑮ and town halls with flowers and fruit， and get together to celebrate over a meal.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China， families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. 　　[1]“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……”。 　　[2]句中的after引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之后”。 　　Customs play a significant⑯ role in festivals， but sometimes they can change over time.With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas， some traditions may fade⑰ away and others may be established.One example is the typical⑱ Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers⑲to drive away the evil⑳ spirits and celebrate the new year.Nowadays， many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution.[3]Another example is Halloween， which slowly became an exciting festival for children， in spite of its religious origins. 　　[4]Festivals are becoming more and more commercial㉑， with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.Online shopping websites and social media㉒ apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised㉓， others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. 　　Festivals are an important part of society.They reflect㉔ people’s wishes， beliefs㉕， faiths㉖， and attitudes towards life.They are occasions㉗ that allow us to relax and enjoy life， and forget about our work for a little while.They help us understand where we came from， who we are， and what to appreciate.And if you study festivals carefully， you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common㉘ after all. 　　[3]句中which引导非限制性定语从句。 　　[4]句中使用了with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”；动词-ing短语taking advantage of the celebrations作宾语补足语，用于补充说明宾语businesses的情况。 【读文清障】 ①range n.一系列；范围、界限 vi.包括；（在一定范围内）变化 ②origin n.起源；起因；出身 ③religion n.宗教；宗教信仰 ④figure n.人物；数字；身材 vt.认为；认定 ⑤charm n.魅力；迷人的特征；咒语 ⑥joy n.高兴；喜悦 ⑦gratitude n.感激之情；感谢 ⑧harvest n.收获季节；收获；收成 vi.& vt.收割（庄稼）；捕猎（动物、鱼） ⑨agricultural adj.农业（劳动/生产） ⑩crop n.庄稼；作物；一季的收成 ⑪gather vi.聚集；集合 vt.聚集；搜集；收割 ⑫grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的 be grateful for对……表示感激 ⑬feature vt.以……为特色 n.特色；特征；特点 ⑭decorate vt.装饰；装潢 ⑮church n.（基督教的）教堂；礼拜堂 ⑯significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的 ⑰fade vi.& vt.逐渐消失；（使）褪色； （身体）变得虚弱 fade away逐渐消失；（身体）变得虚弱 ⑱typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的 ⑲firecracker n.鞭炮；爆竹 ⑳evil adj.邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的 n.邪恶；罪恶；恶行 ㉑commercial adj.商业（化）的；以获利为目的的 ㉒medium n.（pl.media）媒介；手段；方法 adj.中等的；中号的 the media大众传播媒介 ㉓commercialise vt.使商业化；利用……牟利 commercialisation n.商业化 ㉔reflect vt.显示；反映；反射 ㉕belief n.信仰；信心；信任 ㉖faith n.宗教信仰；信任；相信 ㉗occasion n.特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）； （适当的）机会 ㉘have sth in common（兴趣、想法等方面）相同；有相同的特征 【参考译文】 我们为什么庆祝节日？ 　　世界各地都庆祝各种节日。节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。每个节日都有它不同的风俗和独特的魅力。然而，无论节日多么迥异，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。 　　在所有的传统节日中，丰收节几乎可见于每一种文化之中。这一重大的农业节日在庄稼全部收割后举行。人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。在古埃及，人们于春季（即埃及的丰收季）庆祝丰收节。庆祝活动主要是游行和丰盛的筵席，载歌载舞，并伴有体育活动。如今，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政厅，聚在一起共享大餐，以示庆祝。在中国的中秋节，家家户户欢聚一堂，观赏明月，品尝美味的月饼。 　　风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，有些传统会渐渐消失，而另一些传统则得以建立。中国春节燃放鞭炮以驱鬼神、贺新年这一典型风俗就是一个例子。如今，为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经摒弃了这一风俗。另一个例子是万圣节，虽然起源于宗教，但万圣节渐渐成了孩子们纵情玩乐的一个节日。 　　节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。尽管有人认为节日不应该被商业化，但是也有人认为消费增长有利于（提高）经济和公众幸福感。 　　节日是社会的一个重要组成部分。节日反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。节日让我们了解我们来自何方、我们是谁、我们应该感恩什么。此外，如果你仔细研究各种节日，你会惊奇地发现不同的文化实际上有很多相同之处。 第一步：析架构理清脉络 1.Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　A.The harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. Para.2　　B.Festivals are celebrated all around the world. Para.3　　C.Customs sometimes can change over time. Para.4　　D.Festivals are an important part of society. Para.5　　E.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial. 答案：Paras.1－5　BACED 2.What’s the main idea of the text？（　　） A.Festivals have a wide range of origins. B.Festivals are becoming more commercial. C.We celebrate festivals for different reasons. D.We have different customs for different festivals. 答案：C 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 1.Which festival can be found in almost every culture？（　　） A.The festival about religions. B.The festival about famous figures. C.The festival about important events. D.The festival about the harvest season. 2.Why is lighting firecrackers stopped during the Spring Festival？（　　） A.To drive away the evil spirits. B.To stop air pollution from happening. C.To become an exciting festival for children. D.To save money and spend more on gifts. 3.What is the writer’s attitude towards the commercialisation of festivals？ （　　） A.Positive.　　　　　　B.Critical. C.Objective.　　 D.Indifferent. 4.What can we learn from the passage？（　　） A.In Egypt， the harvest season is more important than any other one. B.Every festival in the world nowadays is becoming more and more commercial. C.Some customs of festivals are changing with time going by. D.Different cultures have different festivals， which have nothing in common. 答案：1－4　DBCC 第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉 1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the common characteristic of all festivals. 　However， no matter how different they may seem， all over the world， the spirit of sharing joy， gratitude， love， or peace is common in all festivals.　 2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing why festivals are an important part of society. 　They reflect people’s wishes， beliefs， faiths， and attitudes towards life.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life， and forget about our work for a little while.They help us understand where we came from， who we are， and what to appreciate.　 第四步：抒己见提升思维 1.Which festival is your favourite？ Why？ 　The Spring Festival.Because I can stay with my family， relax myself， enjoy some delicious food and receive lucky money.　 2.Can you give some advice about how to spend a meaningful festival？ 　Yes.First， I think we should do something for our family members or friends during the festival.For example， we can help them do housework.Besides， we can travel with them， which can not only improve our relationships but also enrich our lives.　 第五步：辨难句拆分解读 1.Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised， others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. 句式分析 自主翻译 　尽管有人认为节日不应该被商业化，但是也有人认为消费增长有利于（提高）经济和公众幸福感。　 2.And if you study festivals carefully， you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 句式分析 自主翻译 　此外，如果你仔细研究各种节日，你会惊奇地发现不同的文化实际上有很多相同之处。　 核心词汇集释 range n.一系列；范围、界限 vi.包括；（在一定范围内）变化 【教材原句】　They have a wide range of origins， such as the seasons of the year， religions， famous figures， and important events. 节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。 【用法】 （1）a wide range of ...　一系列的……；　　各种各样的…… beyond/out of range　　在……的范围外 within the range of ...　　在……的范围内 （2）range from ...to ...　　包括从……到……之间 range between ...and ... 在……范围内变动 【佳句】　In addition to these traditional activities， we have a wide range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. （推荐信） 除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有很多选择，比如旅游和走亲访友。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He is the manager of our company， so hiring and firing are 　within　 the range of his responsibilities. ②The camp covers a variety of activities， 　ranging　 （range） from learning daily Chinese to telling Chinese stories. 【写美】　完成句子 ③If you take part in our summer camp， you’ll 　have a wide range of choices　 to broaden your horizons. 如果你参加我们的夏令营，你将会有多种选择来开拓你的视野。 figure n.人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定 【用法】 （1）keep one’s figure　　　　保持体形 have a good figure　　身材好 a political figure　　一位政治人物 a four-figure number　　一个四位数 （2）figure out　　理解；计算出；想出 【佳句】　①I strongly recommend that you should work out for half an hour every day to keep your figure. 我强烈建议你每天锻炼半个小时来保持身材。 ②We need to figure out a way to reduce our expenses if we want to stay within our budget for the month. 如果我们想把这个月的开支控制在预算之内，我们就得想个办法减少开支。 【练透】　语境辨义 ①（2023·全国甲卷）Many historical figures have had a great influence， but the one who impresses me most is Fan Zhongyan.　n.人物　 ②I figure that we should be grateful to him for his kindness. 　vt.认为　 【写美】　完成句子 ③We must 　figure out the reason for the failure　 rather than lose heart. 我们必须弄清楚失败的原因而不是丧失信心。 ④She took some time to 　figure out what career path she should choose　 after graduating from college.她花了一些时间来思考大学毕业后应该选择什么样的职业道路。 grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的 【教材原句】　People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. 人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。 【用法】 （1）be grateful to sb for sth　　　　　　　因为某事对某人感激 I would be grateful if you could ... ＝I’d appreciate it if you could ...　　如果你能……我将感激不尽。 （2）gratitude n.　　感激之情；感谢 express one’s gratitude/thanks to sb for sth　　因某事向某人表达感激之情 【佳句】　I am grateful that you offered me your help when I was wondering how to find a host family. 当我在想如何找一家寄宿家庭的时候，我很感激您向我提供了帮助。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She was grateful 　for　 everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. ②I would like to take this opportunity to extend my sincere 　gratitude　 （grateful） for your timely help. 【写美】　一句多译 ③如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 →　I would be very grateful if　 you could take my application into account. →　I’d appreciate it if　 you could take my application into consideration. decorate vt.装饰；装潢 【教材原句】　Today， in some European countries， people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit， and get together to celebrate over a meal. 如今，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政厅，聚在一起共享大餐，以示庆祝。 【用法】 （1）decorate ...with ...　　用……装饰…… （2）decoration n.　　装饰；装饰品 【佳句】　We decorated the walls of the classroom with children’s pictures. 我们用孩子们的画装饰了教室的墙壁。 【练透】　完成句子 On Teachers’ Day， we will buy some beautiful decorations and 　decorate our classroom with them　. 在教师节那天，我们将买一些漂亮的装饰品，然后用它们装饰我们的教室。 typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的 【教材原句】　One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. 中国春节燃放鞭炮以驱鬼神、贺新年这一典型风俗就是一个例子。 【用法】 （1）be typical of ...　　具有……的典型特征；　　是典型的…… it is typical of sb to do sth　　某人一向做某事 （2）typically adv.　　典型地；有代表性地 【佳句】　This sort of hot and spicy food is very typical of the food in the south of the country. 这种辛辣的食物是这个国家南方的典型食物。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Hutongs with different shapes， lengths and directions are very typical 　of　 Beijing. 【写美】　完成句子 ②　It is typical of Chinese people to arrive　 on time or earlier than the appointed time. 中国人经常准时或者比约定的时间提前到达。 in spite of 不管；尽管；不顾；虽然 【教材原句】　Another example is Halloween， which slowly became an exciting festival for children， in spite of its religious origins. 另一个例子是万圣节，虽然起源于宗教，但万圣节渐渐成了孩子们纵情玩乐的一个节日。 【用法】 （1）in spite of与despite同义，为介词（短语） （2）in spite of/despite the fact that ...尽管…… 【佳句】　In spite of his injury， Richard will play in Saturday’s match. 尽管理查德受伤了，他仍将参加星期六的比赛。 【点津】　although/though 意为“尽管；不管；不顾”，为连词，引导让步状语从句。 【写美】　句型转换 Although I am interested in space exploration， my parents don’t support my hobby. →　In spite of my interest in space exploration　， my parents don’t support my hobby.（in spite of） →　In spite of the fact that I am interested in space exploration　， my parents don’t support my hobby.（in spite of the fact that ...） take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 【教材原句】　Festivals are becoming more and more commercial， with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。 【用法】 （1）have an advantage over　胜过，优于 put sb at a disadvantage　　使某人处于不利地位 （2）make use of　　使用；利用 make the most of　　充分利用 【佳句】　I will take full advantage of this opportunity to spread traditional Chinese culture to foreign exchange students.我将充分利用这次机会，向外国交换生传播中国传统文化。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I hold the firm belief that I have an advantage 　over　 other applicants because I can speak English fluently. 【写美】　完成句子 ②At present， with the development of the Internet， we 　are taking advantage of online courses　 to further our study. 目前，随着互联网的发展，我们正在利用在线课程来进行深造。 reflect vt.显示；反映；反射 【教材原句】　They reflect people’s wishes， beliefs， faiths， and attitudes towards life. 它们反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。 【用法】 （1）reflect on/upon sth　思考某事 be reflected in　　倒映在；反映在 （2）reflection n. 　　反射；反照；反映；映像；　　认真思考 be lost in reflection　　陷入深思中 【佳句】　In class， you will mainly learn Tang poetry， which reflects traditional Chinese culture. 在课堂上，你将主要学习唐诗，它反映了中国传统文化。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①When the Sun’s rays hit the Earth， a lot of heat 　is reflected　 （reflect） back into space. ②At my words， he hung his head， lost in deep 　reflection　 （reflect）. 【写美】　完成句子 ③His words set me thinking； I began to 　reflect on my behaviours　. （读后续写之心理描写） 他的话让我思考，我开始反思自己的行为。 occasion n.特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）；（适当的）机会；时刻；场合 【教材原句】　They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life， and forget about our work for a little while. 它们是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。 【用法】 （1）on this/that occasion此时/彼时 on no occasion　　在任何条件下都不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构） on occasion（s）　　偶尔；偶然；有时 （2）occasional adj.　　偶尔的；偶然的 occasionally adv.　　偶尔；间或 【佳句】　On occasion（s）， I go to this farm to help farmers gather in crops during the harvest.在收获期间，有时，我会去这个农场帮助农民收获庄稼。 【点津】　occasion作先行词，如果在定语从句中作状语，表示“时刻”时，引导词用when；表示“场合”时，引导词用where。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①It is an occasion 　when　 family members gather together and have a good rest. ②This is not an occasion for laughter， 　where　 you must take things seriously. ③We should do some exercise 　occasionally　 （occasion） to build up a stronger body. 【写美】　完成句子 ④　On no occasion should you cheat others　， for once they find you dishonest， they will never believe you anymore. 在任何场合都不要欺骗别人，因为一旦发现你不诚实，他们就再也不会相信你了。 重点句型解构 句型公式：no matter how引导让步状语从句 【教材原句】　However， no matter how different they may seem， all over the world， the spirit of sharing joy， gratitude， love， or peace is common in all festivals. 然而，无论节日多么迥异，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。 【用法】 （1）no matter how意为“不管，无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，相当于however。 （2）“no matter＋特殊疑问词（who/what/where/when等）”均可引导让步状语从句，可与“特殊疑问词＋-ever”互换。 【品悟】　①No matter how/However far away， we will try to go home for the celebration. 无论（离家）多么远，我们都会尽量回家庆祝。 ②No matter when you choose to travel， it is essential to consider the weather and seasonal conditions. 无论你选择什么时候旅行，考虑天气和季节条件都是很重要的。 【写美】　完成句子 ①　No matter what　 you like to do， there is a way to take part in various activities on Earth Day. 无论你喜欢做什么，在地球日那天，你都可以参与到各种各样的活动中去。 ②As many as ten courses are provided and you are free to choose 　whichever suits you best　. 提供的课程多达10种，你可以自由选择最适合你的。 ③　No matter where you go　， always remember where you came from and stay true to yourself. 无论你去哪里，永远记得你从哪里来，做真实的自己。 句型公式：with 复合结构 【教材原句】　Festivals are becoming more and more commercial， with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。 【用法】 with复合结构用法如下： （1）with＋宾语＋介词（短语）/形容词/副词 （2）with＋宾语＋动词-ing形式（表示主动、进行） （3）with＋宾语＋过去分词（表示被动、完成） （4）with＋宾语＋to do sth （表示主动、将要发生） 【品悟】　①Her mother sat in an armchair， with her head down. 她的母亲坐在扶手椅上，低着头。 ②With his son praised by the teacher， the man was extremely delighted. 由于儿子受到老师的表扬，那位男子非常高兴。 【写美】　完成句子 ①　With all the students doing their homework silently　， the teacher walked around the classroom. 学生们都在静静地做作业，老师在教室里走动。 ②He stood for an instant， 　with his hand still raised　. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿。 ③The kid feels excited 　with so many places of interest to visit　. 有这么多的名胜古迹可以参观，这个孩子很激动。 ④ The teacher came into the classroom， 　with a book in his hand　. 老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。 句型公式：make＋it＋adj./n.＋for sb to do sth 【教材原句】　Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。 【用法】 在句型make＋it＋adj./n.＋for sb to do sth中，it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语是真正的宾语。 （1）make＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句 （2）常用于这种句型的动词还有think、 consider、 find、 feel等。 【品悟】　①No matter where he is， he makes it a rule to go for a walk after supper. 无论在哪里，他总是在晚饭后散步。 ②After I began to work， I found it important to link theory with practice. 开始工作后，我发现理论联系实际很重要。 【写美】　完成句子/一句多译 ①　I feel it very beneficial for me to read　 the English newspaper Youth every day. 我觉得每天读英文报Youth对我很有益处。 ②我们学生认为保护环境免受污染是我们的职责。 →　We students think it our responsibility to protect　 the environment from being polluted.（think＋it＋n.＋to do） →　We students think it our responsibility that we should protect　 the environment from being polluted.（think＋it＋n.＋that从句） 维度一：品句填词 1.People celebrate the 　harvest　 （收获） festival to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. 2.Moreover， we should always keep in mind that we should choose the right clothes for different 　occasions　 （场合）. 3.Hearing the news that he had been admitted to Peking University， he jumped with 　joy　 （高兴）. 4.The people 　gathered　 （聚集） around the scene， curious to know what had happened. 5.We want to learn more about 　agriculture　 （农业） and experience farming life. 6.The man who is of medium　 height and wears a pair of glasses is my English teacher. 7.Bernard felt grateful　 to all of them for what they had done for him. 8.Nowadays it is typical　 of the young generation to think that parents should meet their demands. 维度二：单句语法填空 1.We will organise various activities to celebrate the Lantern Festival， 　ranging　 （range） from guessing riddles to reciting Tang poems. 2.My 　faithful　 （faith） friend takes part in various after-class activities in his spare time. 3.In addition， though different countries have different festivals， their celebrations have a lot 　in　 common. 4.All of a sudden， she saw her face 　reflected　 （reflect） in the mirror. 5.In a word， to read the 　original　 （origin） work is better than to see the film based on it. 6.With the Spring Festival 　drawing　 （draw） near， would you please write something about its traditional activities？ 7.We went to visit two 　charming　 （charm） young ladies who lived in the neighbourhood. 8.We have a firm 　belief　 （believe） that the relationship between us will remain unchanged. 9.I think this event is of great 　significance　 （significant）， for it can not only build up our body but also help those in need. 10.I’d like to introduce to you one of the greatest 　figures　 （figure） in Chinese history — Confucius. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.　In spite of/Despite different characters　， they still 　have a lot in common　. 尽管性格不同，他们依然有很多共同点。 2.We Chinese 　think it significant/of great significance to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival　. 我们中国人认为庆祝中秋节非常重要。 3.　With her eyes closed　， she touched the gift gently. 她闭上眼睛，轻轻地抚摸这件礼物。 4.　It is typical of him to help us　 whenever we are in trouble， for which we are all grateful.（typical） 每当我们有麻烦的时候，他都会帮助我们，对此我们都很感激。 5.　However/No matter how busy we are， we admire the full moon　 and enjoy mooncakes together. 无论多忙，我们都会一起赏月、吃月饼。 维度四：课文语法填空 　　Festivals have a variety of 1.　origins　 （origin）， including the seasons of the year， famous figures， important events， and religions.However， no matter 2.　how　 different they may seem， they have the common spirit of sharing joy， gratitude， love， or peace. 　　The harvest festival is one of the most popular festivals and 3.　is celebrated　 （celebrate） in many cultures.People celebrate to show that they are grateful 4.　for　 the year’s supply of food.In some European countries， people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit.In China， families gather 5.　to admire　 （admire） the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 　　Customs play a 6.　significant　 （significance） role in festivals， but they can change over time.Take the Chinese Spring Festival as 7.　an　 example.Many Chinese big cities no longer allow firecrackers in order to avoid air pollution.These days， festivals 8.　are becoming　 （become） more and more commercial， with businesses 9.　taking　 （take） advantage of the celebrations.Festivals reflect people’s wishes， beliefs， faiths and attitudes towards life.They are occasions 10.　that　 allow people to relax and enjoy life. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2024·长沙高一下质检）Sylvester Stallone had been a struggling actor before he achieved his great success as an actor and screenwriter， starting in 1976 with his role as boxer Rocky Balboa， in the first film of the successful Rocky series. 　　Stallone was so poor at one point that he sold his wife’s jewellery.He ended up becoming homeless， sleeping in a bus station， and struggled to afford food.He even managed to get a small amount of money in his pocket by selling his dog for $25. 　　Soon after， Stallone decided to take his career into his own hands and write a movie role for himself.After watching a boxing match， Stallone wrote the script （脚本） for Rocky very quickly， and soon a studio wanted to buy the screenplay to make. 　　Stallone was offered $125，000 for the Rocky script， but the trouble for the studio was that Stallone wanted to star in the movie.Stallone was penniless， but he still turned down $125，000 in order to chase his dream. 　　After being refused on the idea that he “looked and talked funny”， Stallone was then offered $250，000 for the screenplay.He refused unless he could star.He was then offered $350，000.Again he refused. 　　The studio wanted this screenplay so badly， but was not willing to risk the money on this unknown actor.Stallone stayed strong， and eventually the studio gave him a small amount for the script and let him star. 　　With his fortunes up， Stallone went to buy back his dog， but the guy he sold it to would not sell him back.Stallone offered the man $1，000 for the dog， but the man refused.Eventually， the man accepted $15，000 for the dog. 　　And this is why Stallone has deserved his success and why he is on this list of the best inspiring stories — because he was willing to do whatever it takes to realise his dreams. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stallone的成功之路。 1.What do we know about Stallone from Paragraph 2？（　　） A.He lived a very hard life. B.He didn’t want to work hard. C.He made a living by selling dogs. D.He didn’t get on well with his wife. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段可推知，Stallone过着非常艰难的生活。 2.Why did the studio refuse to offer the role to Stallone at first？（　　） A.He wasn’t a responsible actor. B.He asked too much for his script. C.They had already found a famous star. D.They thought he wasn’t the right person. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的After being refused on the idea ...offered $250，000 for the screenplay.可知，工作室一开始拒绝让Stallone出演这个角色是因为他们认为他不是合适的人选。 3.Which of the following best describes Stallone？（　　） A.Humorous.　　　　　B.Honest. C.Determined.　 D.Creative. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Stallone是一个非常有决心、意志坚定的人。 4.What’s the best title for the text？（　　） A.Stallone’s Rocky Series B.Stallone’s Well-written Script C.Stallone’s Road to Success D.Stallone’s Journey to Fortunes 解析：C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Stallone的成功之路。因此C项为文章最佳标题。 B 　　（2024·烟台高一下月考）Over 40 years ago， a country music DJ convention （大会） was held every year in Nashville， Tennessee.Many country performers used to attend the convention to give their performances.Fans would go to Nashville hoping to see their favourite performers.In the end， so many fans began showing up in Nashville that a festival named Fan Fair was born. 　　The first Fan Fair was held in April 1972， in Nashville for four days.Some of country music’s biggest stars attended.There were about fifty thousand fans.The first Fan Fair was so successful that planning began almost immediately for 1973.The date was changed to June， when the weather would be better.Over one hundred thousand fans attended the second Fan Fair. 　　Every year brought so many performers and fans to Fan Fair that， in 1982， it was moved to the Tennessee State Fairgrounds.Fan Fair stayed at the fairgrounds for another nineteen years. 　　There was always the unexpected during the festival.In 1974， former Beatle Paul McCartney attended.In 1992， more than six hundred reporters from Europe， Asia， and South America went to cover the appearance of a popular star， Billy Ray Cyrus， who had introduced a new country line dance.In 1996， Garth Brooks， who made a surprise appearance， signed autographs （签名） for 23 hours. 　　In 2001， Fan Fair returned to downtown Nashville as the world’s biggest country music festival.Now， over one hundred and twenty-five thousand country music fans go to Nashville every June.As you can imagine， those who want to attend Fan Fair must plan ahead.For example， they need to buy a ticket several months ahead of time.Of course， there’s much more to prepare. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Fan Fair这一节日的诞生及其发展。 5.Which of the following is true about Fan Fair according to the text？（　　） A.It has a history of more than 50 years. B.It lasts almost half a month every year. C.It is the most important music festival in America. D.It is a time when country music lovers get together. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的a country music DJ convention、 Fans would go to Nashville和Fan Fair was born可知， Fan Fair是乡村音乐爱好者们聚在一起庆祝的一个节日。 6.What do we know about the second Fan Fair？ （　　） A.It was held in the spring of 1972. B.It was more popular than the first one. C.It was moved from Nashville to the fairgrounds. D.It was attended by former Beatle Paul McCartney. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The first Fan Fair was held in April 1972 ...There were about fifty thousand fans.和Over one hundred thousand fans attended the second Fan Fair.可知， 第二届Fan Fair比第一届更受粉丝们的欢迎。 7.What’s the purpose of the fourth paragraph？（　　） A.It shows Fan Fair has been popular. B.It introduces three famous musicians. C.It explains how Fan Fair started. D.It asks people to attend Fan Fair. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的more than six hundred reporters和In 1996， Garth Brooks， who made a surprise appearance， signed autographs （签名） for 23 hours.可知， 作者通过讲述三位音乐界的名人参加Fan Fair这一活动说明了其受欢迎的程度。 8.What will the author probably talk about in the following paragraphs？ （　　） A.Advice for fans. B.Music in America. C.Education in Nashville. D.The future of country music. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的As you can imagine， those who want to attend Fan Fair must plan ahead.和Of course， there’s much more to prepare.可知，作者接下来可能会为想参加Fan Fair的粉丝们提供一些建议。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2024·郑州高一下期末）Qingming Festival， or Tomb-Sweeping Day， is the fifth solar term of a year， known as “Pure Brightness” in English.It is also the only solar term on Chinese lunar calendar that is also an important traditional festival. 　　As one of the most important festivals of Chinese culture， the Qingming Festival is a time to mourn the dead and show respect for the living.9.（　　）， a time when the spring is in full bloom， and yet it is also one of the most important days to pay tribute （悼念） to the dead family members and relatives. 　　10.（　　）.It was not until its combination with the Hanshi Festival that it became a famous festive occasion. 　　The Hanshi Festival， or the Cold Food Festival， was designated to pay tribute to a loyal statesman during the Spring and Autumn Period who died in a fire.11.（　　）.The Tomb-Sweeping rituals were also derived from it. 　　Since the festival has only one day’s interval from the Qingming， the two events were gradually mixed.As of the Song Dynasty， the Hanshi Festival was slowly replaced by Qingming Festival， despite a few areas where the two are still marked separately. 　　12.（　　）， a way of paying tribute to the dead relatives and worshiping the ancestors.It is an essential ritual since ancient dynasties. 　　Instead of burning paper money and incense for the dead， people in many areas inherited the ancient tradition of avoiding fire on the day， offering fruits and deserts only. 　　13.（　　）.The day could be spent in sorrow as well as joy， as the Spring Outing is another tradition. A.It usually falls around 5 April B.People formed the habit of eating cold food C.But paying tribute is not the only theme for the Qingming Festival D.The Chinese people did not cook on the day and ate only cold food E.The most important tradition of the Qingming Festival is tomb sweeping F.At the very beginning， Qingming was only a name for one of the 24 solar terms G.Traditional games on the day include flying kites， playing swings， and planting trees 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。清明节是我国的四大传统节日之一，文章简要介绍了它的起源、意义及庆祝方式。 9.A　本空后的a time when the spring is in full bloom出现了时间，故A项符合语境。这里的a time指代5 April。 10.F　下句指出：直到与寒食节结合，清明节才成为著名的节日。也就是说，清明一开始只是二十四节气中的一个，不是节日。故F项符合语境。 11.D　根据上下文可知，本段主要介绍了寒食节，故D项符合语境。 12.E　根据空后的a way of paying tribute to the dead relatives可知，设空处提到了一种悼念去世的家人的方式，故E项符合语境。 13.C　下句指出：清明节这一天既可以在悲伤中度过，也可以在欢乐中度过，因为踏青是清明节的另一个传统。也就是说，哀悼死者不是清明节唯一的主题，故C项符合语境。 Ⅲ.完形填空 　　（2024·湖州高一下期末）The Naadam Festival is a major festival for the Mongolian， Evenki and Daur peoples mainly living in Inner Mongolia.Men and women， young and old， 　14　 to participate in sports competitions， entertainment activities and trade fairs on this day. 　　Generally 　15　 in July and August， the Naadam Festival was 　16　 set by the founder of the Mongol Empire Genghis Khan around 800 years ago to 　17　 harvest and show off athletic skills.Naadam means entertainment and games in the Mongolian 　18　， thus， during the annual Naadam， various sports games are the most 　19　 activities. 　　During the Yuan Dynasty， horse racing， archery and wrestling were the three 　20　 that each Mongolian man had to master.Over hundreds of years of 　21　， they have become the “three manly games” these days； however， aside from wrestling that only males are 　22　 to participate in， the other two sports have no age or sex 　23　.To enrich the grand gathering， track and field sports， tug-of-war， ball games， polo， and Mongolian chess have gradually been 　24　 the competition items. 　　When night 　25　， bonfire parties begin with people sitting in a circle， 　26　 meat and milk tea， and singing and dancing to the music of horse-head string instruments， which are a（n） 　27　 symbol of Mongolian culture. 　　The Naadam Festival was 　28　 in the national intangible heritage list in 2006 and draws many tourists to join the joy each year. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“那达慕”大会是蒙古族传统节日，也是蒙古族人民喜爱的一种传统体育活动形式，是草原上一年一度的传统盛会。 14.A.rush　　 B.gather C.race　　 D.crowd 解析：B　根据下文to participate in sports competitions可知，这里表示男女老少聚到一起，参加比赛。 15.A.held　　 B.visited C.designed　　 D.arranged 解析：A　本句主语为the Naadam Festival，这里表示“那达慕”大会一般在七月和八月进行。 16.A.normally　　 B.officially C.basically　　 D.regularly 解析：B　根据下文set by the founder of the Mongol Empire Genghis Khan可知，这里表示大约800年前，蒙古帝国的创始人成吉思汗正式设立了“那达慕”大会。 17.A.achieve　　 B.receive C.promise　　 D.celebrate 解析：D　根据本空后的harvest一词可知，成吉思汗最初设立“那达慕”大会的目的是庆祝丰收和展示运动技能。 18.A.custom　　 B.tradition C.language　　 D.concept 解析：C　根据上文Naadam means entertainment and games可知，这里是在解释“那达慕”一词在蒙古语中的含义。 19.A.exciting　　 B.patient C.flexible　　 D.generous 解析：A　根据上文various sports games可知，在“那达慕”大会上各种各样的体育比赛是最令人兴奋的活动。 20.A.methods　　 B.skills C.solutions　　 D.attempts 解析：B　上文提到的horse racing， archery and wrestling是三种技能。 21.A.development　　 B.experience C.memory　　 D.contribution 解析：A　根据上文Over hundreds of years of可知，这里表示经过数百年的发展，这三种运动如今已经成为“三大男子项目”。 22.A.requested　　 B.forced C.allowed　　 D.invited 解析：C　根据语境可知，这里表示在“那达慕”大会上摔跤这项运动只允许男性参加。 23.A.rules　　 B.decisions C.limits　　 D.conditions 解析：C　上句指出摔跤只允许男性参加，这里接着说明其他两项运动则没有年龄和性别的限制。 24.A.made up　　 B.added to C.worked out　　 D.set down 解析：B　上文介绍了“三大男子项目”，这里接着告诉我们，为了丰富这一盛会，田径、拔河、球类、马球、蒙古象棋等项目也逐渐被增加进来。 25.A.drops　　 B.reaches C.leaves　　 D.falls 解析：D　根据下文bonfire parties begin可知，这里在讲当夜幕降临后发生的事。 26.A.cooking　　 B.trying C.making　　 D.enjoying 解析：D　根据上文bonfire parties begin with people sitting in a circle可知，篝火晚会开始后，人们围坐成一圈，自然是享受美味的肉和奶茶。 27.A.important　　 B.unusual C.similar　　 D.necessary 解析：A　根据上文horse-head string instruments可知，马头弦乐器是蒙古文化的重要标志。 28.A.proposed　　 B.suggested C.included　　 D.demanded 解析：C　根据下文in the national intangible heritage list in 2006可知，“那达慕”大会于2006年被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。include表示“包括；成为……的一部分”。 Ⅳ.语法填空 　　（2024·武汉高一下期末）Stage schools often act as agencies to supply children with stages and television work.More worthy of the name “stage school” are those few schools 29.　　 children enjoy the time with training for the theatre and general education. 　　A visit to such schools will leave you in no doubt that the children enjoy 30.　　 （them）.After all， children spend only half the day doing ordinary schoolwork， 31.　　 acting， singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day. 　　Then of course it is time for the children 32.　　 （make） a name and make a little money in some big shows.Some stage schools give their children too much 33.　　 （profession） work at such a young age.But the law keeps a very tight hold on the amount they can do.Those under the age of 13 34.　　 （limit） to 40 days in a year； those over 13 to 80 days. 　　The schools admit that not all children will be successful in the profession for which they are being trained.So what happens 35.　　 those who don’t make it？ While all the 36.　　 （lead） schools say they place great 37.　　 （important） on children’s getting good study results， the facts seem to suggest this 38.　　 （be） not always the case. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了戏剧表演学校的性质、学生在校接受的教育、在校的相关要求和发展前景。 29.where　分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示地点的名词schools，设空处在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 30.themselves　enjoy oneself意为“玩得愉快”，为固定表达，且前面是children，故填themselves。 31.and　分析句子结构可知，空前的only half the day和空后的the other half of the day为并列关系，故填and。 32.to make　分析句子结构可知，此外是固定句式，it is time for sb to do sth意为“该某人做某事的时候了”，故填to make。 33.professional　分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰后面的名词work，应用形容词，故填professional。 34.are limited　分析句子结构可知，limit在句中作谓语；结合语境可知，本句时态应用一般现在时，且主语和谓语是动宾关系，应用被动语态；又因主语Those为复数，故填are limited。 35.to　happen to意为“发生，遇到”，为固定表达，故填to。 36.leading　分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面的名词schools，应用形容词，故填leading。 37.importance　place importance on意为“重视，关注，强调”，为固定表达。故填importance。 38.is　分析句子结构可知，be在句中作从句的谓语；结合语境可知，时态应用一般现在时；主语this为第三人称单数，故填is。 5 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $