Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册教用课件(人教版)

该高中英语课件围绕“太空探索”主题，涵盖语篇理解、核心词汇（如determined, launch）及语法（动词不定式作后置定语等），通过课前预习（篇章助解）扫清词汇障碍，文本透析理清文章脉络，核心知识模块系统讲解知识点，形成从输入到输出的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，文本透析通过段落匹配、细节题提升语篇分析能力，核心知识以“用法-练透-写美”模式强化语言运用，课时检测结合真实素材（如Rutherford环球飞行）激发兴趣，助力学生构建知识体系，提升学习效率，也为教师提供系统教学资源。

Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking 1 篇章助解·释疑难 目 录 2 文本透析·剖语篇 3 核心知识·巧突破 4 课时检测·提能力 篇章助解·释疑难 力推课前预习 1 目录 SPACE： THE FINAL FRONTIER 　　“Are we alone？ What’s out there？” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space.Today， scientists design vehicles① to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.Space exploration has come a long way②， and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable③ enough to support life. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　Before the mid-20th century， most people felt [1]travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true.However， scientists were determined to realise that dream.After many experiments， they succeeded in making rockets④ that could escape Earth’s gravity⑤.On 4 October 1957， the Sputnik 1 satellite⑥ was launched⑦ by the USSR and successfully orbited⑧around Earth.Afterwards， the USSR focused on⑨ sending people into space， and [2] on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.Over eight years later， on 20 July 1969， American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon， famously saying， “That’s one small step for [a] man， one giant⑩ leap⑪ for mankind⑫.” [3]Following this， there were many more important space achievements. 目录 英语·必修第三册 For example， on 5 September 1977， America’s NASA space agency⑬ launched Voyager 1 to study deep space， and it still transmits⑭ data⑮ to this day.And the International Space Station （1998） has provided a continuous human presence in space， with astronauts from many different countries on board. 　　[1]句中travelling into space为动词-ing短语作主语。 　　[2]句中to enter space为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the first person。当名词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，常用动词不定 式作后置定语。 　　[3]句中Following this为动词-ing短语作伴随状语，follow和句中 主语在逻辑上是主谓关系。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【读文清障】 ①vehicle n.交通工具；车辆 ②come a long way 有长足进步，有极大发展 ③suitable adj.适合的 ④rocket n.火箭；火箭弹 ⑤gravity n.重力；引力 ⑥satellite n.人造卫星；卫星 ⑦launch vt.& n.发射；发起；上市 ⑧orbit n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围 vt.& vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行 目录 英语·必修第三册 ⑨focus on专注于 ⑩giant adj.巨大的；伟大的 n.巨人；巨兽；伟人 ⑪leap n.跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.跳过；跃过 ⑫mankind n.人类 ⑬agency n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处 ⑭transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送 ⑮data n.[pl.] 资料；数据 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong， accidents can still happen.For example， all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11， Challenger， and Columbia spacecraft died during their missions.However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment⑯， the desire⑰ to explore the universe did not die.[4]This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on⑱ space exploration despite⑲ the huge risks. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US， but it has made great progress⑳in a short time.[5]China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003， when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft㉑.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk㉒， followed by the vehicle Jade㉓ Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.On 23 July 2020， China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars.It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back㉔ lots of valuable information.And from 2021 to 2022， 目录 英语·必修第三册 China completed a number of rocket missions㉕ to establish㉖ its own space station.In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module㉗ signalled㉘ the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct㉙ many important experiments， greatly furthering㉚ our understanding of the universe. 　　[4]句中 because引导表语从句，位于系动词之后，用于强调 原因。 　　[5]句中when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2003。 目录 英语·必修第三册 ⑯disappointment n.失望；沮丧 ⑰desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 desired adj.渴望的，想要的 ⑱carry on继续做，坚持干 ⑲despite prep.尽管；即使 ⑳make great progress取得巨大进步 ㉑spacecraft n.航天器；宇宙飞船 ㉒spacewalk n.太空行走；太空行走的时间 目录 英语·必修第三册 ㉓jade n.玉；翡翠；玉器 ㉔send back 发回；传回 ㉕mission n.使命；任务 ㉖establish v.建立 ㉗module n.舱；组件；模块 ㉘signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志 ㉙conduct v.实施；进行 ㉚further v.促进；推动；增进 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　The future of space exploration remains bright.Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. 目录 英语·必修第三册 【参考译文】 太空：最后的边境 　　“我们是孤家寡人吗？外面还有什么呢？”人们一直仰望星空， 对太空充满好奇。今天，科学家设计出飞行器，将宇航员送往太空， 去做重大的发现。今天，人类太空探索已经获得极大的发展，我们现 在希望发现能够维持生命存在的其他行星。 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　二十世纪中叶之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个永远无法实现的梦。然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。无数次实验之后，他们终于成功研制出能够摆脱地心引力的火箭。1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，并成功环绕地球运行。之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。八年后，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗于1969年7月20日踏上月球，说出了那句名言：“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”此后，人类取得了更多的重大太空探索成就。 目录 英语·必修第三册 例如，为了研究外太空，美国国家航空航天局于1977年9月5日发射 “旅行者一号”，该探测器至今仍在传回数据。 1998年建成的国际空 间站使得人类可以持续在太空中开展工作，来自不同国家的宇航员已 经在它上面了。 　　虽然科学家们极力确保万无一失，但事故仍时有发生。例如， “联盟11号” “挑战者号”以及“哥伦比亚号”的宇航员们在执行任 务时全部遇难。然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是， （人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重 要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　中国的太空项目起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内发展迅 速。2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船成功环绕地球飞行，中国 成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。之后，神舟六号 和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太 空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。 2020年7月23日，中国发射“天问一号”探索火星的表面。它于2021 年2月到达火星并传回大量有价值的信息。从2021到2022年，中国完 成了许多火箭发射项目，来建立自己的太空空间站。2022年，梦天实 验舱的成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。这一现代化的空间站 将允许宇航员进行很多重要的实验，极大地促进我们对宇宙的了解。 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　太空探索的未来仍然是光明的。许多国家都已制订计划，将进一 步研究和探索火星、木星等行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望能做 出更多有价值的发现让我们延续生存，直到未来。 目录 英语·必修第三册 2 文本透析·剖语篇 助力语篇理解 目录 第一步：析架构理清脉络 1. Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1 A. What people achieved in the past years. Para.2 B. Why people don’t stop exploring space despite the risks. Para.3 C. The future exploration in space. Para.4 D. Human beings always want to explore space. Para.5 E. The achievements which China has made. 答案：Paras.1－5　DABEC 目录 英语·必修第三册 2. What’s the main idea of the text？（　　） A. Space exploration has always been difficult. B. America leads the world in space exploration. C. China has made great achievements in space exploration. D. Mankind has been exploring space despite the huge risks. 目录 英语·必修第三册 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 1. What do we know about Neil Armstrong？（　　） A. He was from the USSR. B. He was the first person to travel into space. C. He was in charge of launching the satellites. D. He was the first person to walk on the moon. 目录 英语·必修第三册 2. What is the function of the International Space Station？（　　） A. Telling us the huge risks of space exploration. B. Having astronauts from different countries on board. C. Telling us the importance of carrying on space exploration. D. Welcoming the brave people to pay a visit to it. 目录 英语·必修第三册 3. Which space programme was aimed at exploring Mars？（　　） A. Tianwen 1. B. Shenzhou 5. C. The Mengtian module. D. The vehicle Jade Rabbit. 目录 英语·必修第三册 4. How does the author support the theme of the text？（　　） A. By giving examples. B. By stating arguments. C. By explaining statistical data. D. By providing research results. 目录 英语·必修第三册 第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉 1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood. ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ （1）However， scientists were determined to realise that dream. （2）However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die. 2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the benefits of the space exploration. ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. 目录 英语·必修第三册 第四步：抒己见提升思维 1. What do you think of the space exploration？ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ In my opinion， space exploration is not only necessary but also meaningful.We should spare no efforts to explore the universe and make it better serve human beings. 2. If you are determined to be an astronaut， what should you do at present？ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ To be an astronaut， first of all， I need to study hard to equip myself with advanced knowledge.What’s more， I should take exercise regularly to keep healthy physically and mentally. 目录 英语·必修第三册 3. Why is China’s space industry developing so fast？ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ For one thing， the Chinese government has been attaching great importance to space exploration.For another， the rapid development of China’s economy has laid a strong foundation for the space industry. 目录 英语·必修第三册 第五步：辨难句拆分解读 1. However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die. 句式分析 自主翻译 ⁠ ⁠ 然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是， （人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。　 目录 英语·必修第三册 2. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk， followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. 句式分析 自主翻译 ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ 之后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环 绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球 车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。　 目录 英语·必修第三册 核心知识·巧突破 探究课堂重点 3 目录 核心词汇集释 determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 【教材原句】　However， scientists were determined to realise that dream. 然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【用法】 （1）be determined to do sth决定做某事（表示状态） （2）determine vt.　　查明；确定；决定 determine to do sth　　决定做某事（表示动作） determine on/upon （doing） sth　　决定（做）某事 （3）determination n.　　决心；决定 【佳句】　He made up his mind to study abroad， so he was buried in books， determined to improve his English.他下定决心去国外学习， 所以埋头看书，决心提高英语水平。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【练透】　 单句语法填空 ①I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong （determine）. 【写美】　一句多译 ②随着母亲节的临近，这对双胞胎决定为他们深爱的母亲准备一顿美 味的早餐。 →With Mother’s Day ， the twins ⁠ a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother. →With Mother’s Day ， the twins ⁠ a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother. determination　 drawing near　 were determined to prepare　 approaching　 determined to prepare　 目录 英语·必修第三册 launch vt.& n.发射；发起；上市 【教材原句】　On 4 October 1957， the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空， 并成功环绕地球运行。 【用法】 launch an activity　　　发起一项活动 launch a satellite　　发射一颗卫星 目录 英语·必修第三册 【佳句】　①NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays.美国 国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射线。 ②The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October.该公司希 望在明年10月前推出这种新药。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The campaign （launch） by our school aims to help the people in need. 【写美】　完成句子 ②The government ⁠ paying attention to our traditional cultures. 政府发起了一项活动，以提高人们对我们传统文化的关注意识。 launched　 launched an activity to raise people’s awareness of　 目录 英语·必修第三册 on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 【教材原句】　And the International Space Station （1998） has provided a continuous human presence in space， with astronauts from many different countries on board. 1998年建成的国际空间站使得人类可以持续在太空中开展工作，来自 不同国家的宇航员已经在它上面了。 【用法】 go on board　　　　　　上船；上火车；上飞机 above board　　光明正大的 go/get aboard （the ship/plane/train）　　上（船/飞机/火车） boarding card　　登机牌 目录 英语·必修第三册 【佳句】　Have the passengers gone on board yet？ 旅客已经上船/飞机了吗？ 【写美】　一句多译 六个月前，谢磊告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦 的飞机。 →Six months ago， Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and ⁠. →Six months ago， Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and ⁠. went on board for London　 went/got aboard （the plane） for London　 目录 英语·必修第三册 disappointment n.失望；沮丧 【教材原句】　However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.然 而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的 愿望未曾磨灭。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【用法】 （1）to one’s disappointment　　　使某人感到失望的是 in disappointment　　失望地 （2）disappointed adj.　　失望的；沮丧的 be disappointed at/by sth　　对某事感到失望 be disappointed in/with sb　　对某人失望 be disappointed to do sth　　对做某事感到失望 （3）disappoint vt.　　使失望 disappointing adj.　　令人失望的 目录 英语·必修第三册 【佳句】　①I was disappointed not to be chosen. 我没被挑中，感到很沮丧。 ②To my disappointment， I was disappointed to find I failed the exam and the disappointing result disappointed my parents as well. 令我感到失望的是，我失望地发现我没有通过考试，这个失望的结果 也让我的父母失望。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Only a few people were in support of his plan， which made him very （disappoint）. ② （disappoint） and helpless， Jane knelt down， tears of regret streaming down her cheeks. disappointed　 Disappointed　 目录 英语·必修第三册 【写美】　一句多译 ③令我感到非常失望的是，我父亲总是让我上交我挣的所有钱。 → ， my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned. → was that my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned. （what引导主语从句） To my great disappointment　 What disappointed me most/What made me most disappointed　 目录 英语·必修第三册 desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 【用法】 （1）have a desire （2）desire （sb） to do sth　 　想要（某人）做某事 desire that ...（should） do ...　渴望…… 目录 英语·必修第三册 【佳句】　This time I would not hide my desire any more.Determined to follow my heart， I explained to my father how I felt. 这一次我再也不会掩饰我的欲望了。我下定决心遵从自己的内心，向 父亲解释了自己的感受。 【点津】　 desire后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句的谓语动词 用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Everyone has a desire success while success only belongs to the hard-working people. ＝Everyone has a desire （succeed） while success only belongs to the hard-working people. ②We desire that immediate help （give）to the local people who were in trouble. for　 to succeed　 be given　 【写美】　完成句子 ③Since I have difficulty adapting to the new surroundings， I ⁠ some suggestions.（求助信） 由于我很难适应新环境，我希望你能给我一些建议。 desire you to offer me　 目录 英语·必修第三册 carry on 继续做，坚持干 【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信 太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 【用法】 （1）继续做某事 （2）carry out　　贯彻；执行；实施 目录 英语·必修第三册 【佳句】　Firstly， I desire that you （should） carry on practicing your oral English to succeed in the next competition. 首先，为了在下次比赛中成功，我希望你继续练习你的英语口语。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①They decided to carry on （run） in spite of the bad weather. ②Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi， the girl was determined to carry on her good work. running　 with　 目录 英语·必修第三册 【写美】　完成句子 ③With the father’s guidance， the twins ⁠ ⁠. 在爸爸的指导下，双胞胎继续做母亲节早餐。 carried on cooking the Mother’s Day breakfast　 目录 英语·必修第三册 independently adv.独立地；自立地 【教材原句】　China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003， when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.2003年，杨利伟 乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船成功环绕地球飞行，中国成为世界上第三个能 够独立将人类送入太空的国家。 目录 英语·必修第三册 （1） independent adj.　　 　独立的；自立的 be independent from　　独立于……之外 （2）independence n.　　独立 gain independence from　　脱离……获得独立 【用法】 目录 英语·必修第三册 【佳句】　We are old enough to be independent of our parents. 我们已经长大了，可以不依赖父母了。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Instead of helping them from the very beginning， parents should leave their children to think （independent） about how to deal with the problems they encounter. ②To gain （independent） from my parents， I would earn a living on my own. independently　 independence　 目录 英语·必修第三册 signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n.信号；标志 【教材原句】　In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module signalled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.2022年，梦天实验舱 的成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。 【用法】 （1）signal （to） sb to do sth　　示意某人做某事 signal （sb） that　　示意（某人）…… signal ...to sb　　向某人示意…… （2）traffic signals 　　交通信号灯 目录 英语·必修第三册 【佳句】　Whether walking， biking or riding a bus to school， you should obey all traffic signals， signs and instructions from traffic officers. 无论是步行、骑自行车还是坐公共汽车上学，你都应该遵守所有交通 信号灯、标志和交警的指示。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The instructor signalled to us （carry） on with our experiment. ②In our class， when the bell rang， it was signal for everyone to stand up. to carry　 a　 目录 英语·必修第三册 【写美】　完成句子 ③The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month， ⁠. 农历正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。 signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations　 目录 英语·必修第三册 so as to （do sth） 为了；以便 【教材原句】　Despite the huge risks though， people will always continue to explore this final frontier so as to learn its secrets.尽管存在巨 大的风险，但人们将继续探索这最后的边境来了解其奥秘。 【用法】 in order to　　　为了 　　以便 目录 英语·必修第三册 ＝I choose to listen to audio books so that/in order that I can protect my eyesight. 我选择听有声书是为了保护我的视力。 【佳句】　I choose to listen to audio books so as/in order to protect my eyesight. 目录 英语·必修第三册 【写美】　一句多译 为了丰富我们的校园生活，我们学校于上周日组织了一次5公里越野 跑比赛。 →Our school organised a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday ⁠. →Our school organised a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday ⁠. in order to/so as to enrich our campus lives　 so that/in order that we could enrich our campus lives　 目录 英语·必修第三册 重点句型解构 句型公式：动词不定式短语作后置定语 【教材原句】　Afterwards， the USSR focused on sending people into space， and on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. 之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为 世界上进入太空的第一人。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【品悟】　①I would really like to interview Yang Liwei because he is the first Chinese to go to space. 我真的想采访杨利伟，因为他是第一个去太空的中国人。 ②Mo Yan is the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in literature. 莫言是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家。 动词不定式作后置定语有以下三种情况： （1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时； （2）当中心词被形容词最高级、the next、the only等修饰时； （3）位于抽象名词ability、 chance、 anxiety、 attempt等之后时。 【用法】 目录 英语·必修第三册 【写美】　完成下面语段 Firstly， I am the first student in my class ⁠， so I have the ability freely in English.Secondly，if I have the chance ⁠ your teaching assistant， I will make every attempt ⁠ .I am greatly convinced that I am the most suitable person . （申请信） 首先，我是我们班第一个在国外学习的学生，因此我有能力用英语流 利地和其他人交流。其次，如果我有机会被接受成为你的助教，我会 尽力为同学们服务。我深信我是担任这个职位最合适的人选。 to study abroad　 to communicate with others　 to be accepted as　 to serve my classmates to take on the position　 目录 英语·必修第三册 句型公式：while引导让步状语从句 【教材原句】　However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.然 而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的 愿望未曾磨灭。 【用法】 句中while是从属连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，可以用although或 though替换。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【品悟】　①While there was no conclusive evidence， most people thought he was guilty. 虽然没有确凿的证据，但大多数人认为他有罪。 ②While I accept that he’s not perfect in many respects， I do actually quite like the man.虽然我承认他在很多方面并不完美，但我确 实很喜欢他。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【写美】　完成句子 ① ， I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。 ② ， I do also have some sympathy with Michael’s. 虽然我完全理解你的观点，但我对迈克尔的观点也确实比较赞同。 While I admit that there are problems　 While I fully understand your point of view　 目录 英语·必修第三册 句型公式：because引导表语从句 【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太 空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 【用法】 This/That is because ... 这/那是因为…… This/That is why ...　　这/那就是……的原因 The reason why ...is that ... 　　……的原因是…… 目录 英语·必修第三册 【品悟】　①He was late for the meeting.That’s because he was caught in the traffic jam. 他开会迟到了，那是因为他遇到了交通堵塞。 ②She quitted her job.That’s because her wage was too low. 她辞去了工作。那是因为她的工资太低了。 目录 英语·必修第三册 【写美】　一句多译 我不去那里的原因是我正在准备即将到来的国庆节表演。 →The reason I am preparing performances for the coming National Day. →I won’t go there， I am preparing performances for the coming National Day. →I am preparing performances for the coming National Day， that’s ⁠. why I won’t go there is that　 that’s because　 why I won’t go there　 目录 英语·必修第三册 课时检测 · 提能力 培育学科素养 4 目录 维度一：品句填词 1. We have （发起） a series of campaigns so as to strengthen people’s awareness of taking exercise. 2. As we all know， Yang Liwei and Wang Yaping are famous （宇航员） in China. 3. Chest pains can be a warning （信号） of heart problems. launched　 astronauts　 signal　 目录 英语·必修第三册 4. Roy didn’t do well in the exam， making his parents （失望的）. 5. We made up our minds to carry on with two （独立 的） studies. 6. The （意志坚定的） expression on his face suggested that he wouldn’t give in. 7. My friend Li Ming had the d to make a robot himself as a child. 8. Our goal is to create a peaceful community with shared future for m ⁠. disappointed　 independent　 determined　 esire　 ankind　 目录 英语·必修第三册 维度二：单句语法填空 1. The campaign of “building a green campus” ⁠ （launch） in our school recently. 2. These disasters made everyone sad and ⁠ （disappoint）， but the desire （explore） the universe never died. 3. As the train was pulling out， the boy waved his hands to his parents board， with tears rolling down his cheeks. 4. He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living ⁠ （independent） and teaching in a village. has been launched　 disappointed　 to explore　 on　 independently　 目录 英语·必修第三册 5. She was the first woman astronaut （give） a video lecture in space while orbiting in the capsule. 6. （determine） to give his mother a surprise， Tom arrived home ahead of time. 7. Although she had some health problems， she carried on ⁠ （work） hard late into the night. to give　 Determined　 working　 目录 英语·必修第三册 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1. Encouraged by what the teacher said， the boy returned to his seat， ⁠. 受到老师话语的鼓舞，那个男孩回到了座位上，决心更加努力 学习。 2. Our teacher demands that we should exercise for an hour every day ⁠. 我们的老师要求我们每天锻炼一个小时，以便保持健康。 determined to study harder　 so as to/in order to keep healthy　 目录 英语·必修第三册 3. I have a good command of English and am easy to get along with. ⁠. 我精通英语，而且容易相处。那就是我写信申请这份工作的原因。 4. Only in this way can they grow up to ⁠ ⁠. 只有用这种方式他们才能独立成长、真正成功。 5. As a result， I am writing the letter ⁠ ⁠. 因此，我写信希望给你一些实用的建议。 That’s why I’m writing to apply for the job　 be independent and become truly successful　 in the hope of offering you some practical tips　 目录 英语·必修第三册 6. In the China-Ireland Cultural Festival， I have ⁠ the two splendid civilizations. 在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”，我不仅开阔了视野，而且还欣赏了两 种灿烂的文明。 not only broadened my horizons but also appreciated　 目录 英语·必修第三册 维度四：课文语法填空 　　Thanks to the ongoing effort of 1. （determine） scientists， the dream of travelling into space in the hope of 2. （find） out more about the universe has come true.However， 3. （explore） space is both dangerous and challenging.One of the most dangerous 4. （part） of space exploration is helping people escape Earth’s gravity.If there is a mistake during the launch or return， it can lead to an accident 5. kills everyone determined　 finding　 exploring　 parts　 that/which　 目录 英语·必修第三册 6. ⁠ board.In spite of the huge risks， people will always continue 7. （explore） this final frontier.Though starting late， China 8. （make） great progress in a short time and become the third country to 9. （independence） send humans into space.Chang’e 4 with Jade Rabbit explored 10. ⁠ surface of the far side of the moon. on　 to explore　 has made　 independently　 the　 目录 英语·必修第三册 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2024·临沂高一下期末）On 22 January 2022， the British- Belgian 19-year-old， Rutherford， successfully landed her microlight aircraft back at the airport， from where she had departed 155 days ago， fulfilling her dream to be the youngest woman to fly around the world solo. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　“I feel incitant not only to break the Guinness World Record， but also to narrow the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest man record holder， 18 at the time of his record， and the previous woman record holder， who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams Soar’ around-the-world flight.” Rutherford wrote on her blog.Rutherford’s journey crossing five continents and 52 countries began on 18 August 2021.She met many unexpected delays along the way.They included an unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce wildfires and a stop in Alaska， to renew her visa.She also faced several challenges in the air.Despite the severe difficulties， the determined young pilot never gave up on her dream. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　Rutherford grew up around airplanes.Her British father flies commercially， while her Belgian mother is also a pilot.The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her flight license in 2020.With her goal of flying around the world completed， Rutherford now has her sights set even higher.She wants to become an astronaut and explore space. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to pursue careers in flight.Currently the number of women pilots is just 5 percent.Rutherford says， “It’s an easy thing to say， but just go for it.If you don’t try and see how high you can fly， then you’ll never know.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成 功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励 着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的 梦想。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成 功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励 着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的 梦想。 目录 英语·必修第三册 1. What does the underlined word “incitant” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　） A. Unhappy. B. Excited. C. Surprised. D. Frightened. 解析：　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，Rutherford完成了独自环 球飞行，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，实现了自己的梦想。由此可知， Rutherford应该是激动的、兴奋的。 目录 英语·必修第三册 2. Why did Rutherford have to stop in California？（　　） A. The wildfires were too fierce. B. Her visa was due. C. The weather was too severe. D. Her engine broke down. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的They included an unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce wildfires可知， Rutherford因为野火太猛烈不得不在加利福尼亚停留。 目录 英语·必修第三册 3. What’s the purpose of Paragraph 3？（　　） A. To turn to a new topic. B. To state her admirable talents. C. To summarize her achievements. D. To add some background information. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Rutherford grew up around airplanes.Her British father flies commercially， while her Belgian mother is also a pilot.The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her flight license in 2020.等内容可知，本段的目的是增加 一些背景信息。 目录 英语·必修第三册 4. What does the passage try to convey？（　　） A. Dream big and aim high. B. Life is not all roses. C. Not to advance is to go back. D. The greatest talkers， the least doers. 解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了19岁的比 利时裔英国人Rutherford成功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻 女性的梦想。她的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难， 努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。 目录 英语·必修第三册 B 　　（2024·浙江四校高一下联考）For most people， getting to the stars is nothing more than a dream.On 28 April 2001， Dennis Tito achieved that lifelong goal — but he wasn’t a typical astronaut.Tito， a wealthy businessman， paid $20 million for a seat on a Russian Soyuz spacecraft to be the first tourist to visit the International Space Station.Only seven people have followed suit in the 20 years since， but that number is about to double in the next 12 months alone. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　NASA has long been hesitant to play host to space tourists， so Russia has been the only option available for those looking for this kind of extreme adventure.However， it seems the rise of private space companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience space. 　　Personally， I see the beginning of an era in which more people can experience space.With companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin hoping to build a future for humanity in space， space tourism is a way to demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general public. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　Flights to space like Dennis Tito’s are expensive for a reason.A rocket must burn a lot of costly fuel to travel high and fast enough to enter Earth’s orbit. 　　Another cheaper possibility is a suborbital （亚轨道的） launch， with the rocket going high enough to reach the edge of space and coming right back down.While passengers on a suborbital trip experience weightlessness and incredible views， these launches are more accessible. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　To our joy， three companies led by billionaire CEOs have emerged as the major players： Virgin Galactic， Blue Origin， and SpaceX. 　　Now， SpaceX has two tourist launches planned.These trips will be costly， at $55 million for the flight.Blue Origin’s and Virgin Galactic’s suborbital trips are far more reasonable in cost， with both priced between $200，000 and $250，000.Though these prices are high， it is worth considering that Dennis Tito’s $20 million ticket in 2001 could pay for 100 flights on Blue Origin soon.The experience of viewing the Earth from space， though， may prove to be priceless for a whole new generation of space explorers. 目录 英语·必修第三册 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国民营航天业的发展，太空 之旅离我们越来越近了。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国民营航天业的发展，太空 之旅离我们越来越近了。 目录 英语·必修第三册 5. What makes space travel easier for common people？（　　） A. Russia’s exploration in space. B. NASA’s accepting space tourists. C. The first space tour made by Dennis Tito. D. The appearance of private space companies. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的the rise of private space companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience space可知，民营航天业的崛起，将使得人们未来的太空之旅变得 越来越容易。 目录 英语·必修第三册 6. What’s the author’s attitude to space tourism？（　　） A. Positive. B. Curious. C. Worried. D. Doubtful. 解析：　观点态度题。根据第三段中的space tourism is a way to demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general public可知，作者很看好未来太空旅游业，他认为太空旅游将是安 全和可靠的。 目录 英语·必修第三册 7. What can we learn about a suborbital launch？（　　） A. It will increase the cost. B. It will lower the standards. C. It will offer a better experience. D. It will make people travel farther. 解析：　推理判断题。第四段指出，太空旅游对速度和高度都要 求很高，成本也极其高昂；第五段提出另一种比较便宜可行的方 案——亚轨道发射。由此可以判断，它必然是为了降低成本而降低 了发射标准。 目录 英语·必修第三册 8. What does the author think of Blue Origin’s and Virgin Galactic’s suborbital trips？（　　） A. They are unreasonably expensive. B. They are relatively cheaper indeed. C. They are not worth the money. D. They are affordable to the public. 解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，虽然Blue Origin和 Virgin Galactic这两家公司的票价也很高昂，但是与Dennis Tito 2001年的票价相比较就低得多了。 目录 英语·必修第三册 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2024·石家庄高一下质检）Would you like to simplify your work and life？ Is the amount of work you face so frightening that you often fall behind？ Does it seem that work controls you， rather than the other way round？ 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　9.（　　） A large number of managers — especially in these difficult times — feel like that.But there is a solution.And that solution will not only improve your performance but also enable you to do so by working less hard. 　　Yes， really.10.（　　） 　　Most companies， and certainly most managers， focus on inputs rather than outputs.They look at process — the 1001 tasks you have to do each week.But they should be looking at results — specifically at what produces the best results.11.（　　） 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　As you will discover， most great results are achieved through relatively little action and energy.But the small inputs that produce big results are generally hidden by a mass of inputs that produce a few good results， and often many bad ones.Companies and managers tend to look at averages， not extremes.Yet， surprisingly， these are what really matter. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　12. （　　） It was first outlined over a hundred years ago by the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto.The “Pareto Rule” — or， as I call it， the 80/20 Principle/Rule （or simply the Principle） — is the observation that if you divide the world into causes and results， relatively few causes （roughly 20 percent） nearly always lead to most of the results （roughly 80 percent）.13.（　　） 　　Time and again it has been shown that a few products， customers and decisions account for most of a firm’s profits. 目录 英语·必修第三册 A. If so， you’re not alone. B. The Principle has caused debate all over the world. C. We know this because of a strange economic principle. D. The answer is to become a much more effective manager. E. It helps us to identify those few activities that we should engage in. F. When you really examine what produces great results， the answer is surprising. G. Thus， a small number of people are responsible for most human progress （and indeed most human disasters）. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了商业社会著名的 “二八定律”，又叫“80/20定律”。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了商业社会著名的 “二八定律”，又叫“80/20定律”。 目录 英语·必修第三册 9. A　上文提出了一些有关工作重负的问题，下文说很多职业经理人 都面临这样的问题，A项正好承上启下。 10. D　上文作者指出有解决问题的方案，下文应该具体说明该方案 的内容，故D项符合语境。 11. F　上文建议我们应该更多地关注结果，F项是针对“结果”的进 一步说明。 12. C　上段列举了人们有关“投入与产出”的吃惊发现，下文在介 绍80/20定律，C项正好引出此话题。 13. G　上文解释了80/20定律，G项是对此定律的进一步解释和说 明。 目录 英语·必修第三册 Ⅲ.完形填空 　　（2024·河南六校高一下联考）“Is there a doctor aboard？” No physician wants to hear these words while flying.We were over the North Atlantic， and my husband and I were on our way home from a European holiday.The cabin （座舱） was darkened for the in-flight  　14　 when “Wake up！ Oh， help！”  　15　. 　　I was out of my seat， fast.The flight attendants and I arrived together to see a  　16　 elderly woman holding the hand of her husband， who wasn’t  　17　 to her.His head was back， his mouth open. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　I did a quick  　18　： irregular but steady  　19　， colour good， no evident pain， breathing regularly without  　20　.I sat on the arm of the seat， still  　21　 his pulse， and asked the woman about her husband.At 90 years old， he had a clean  　22　 history.The couple had travelled to Scotland to celebrate their 60th wedding anniversary， and they were on their way home.It had been a good holiday， but  　23　. 　　Soon after， I reported it to the  　24　. 　　“We can put the plane down  　25　 20 minutes in Gander，” he told me， “or  　26　 for two hours and  　27　 in Toronto.What do you want me to do， doctor？” 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　“Put it down，” I said.It wasn’t worth taking any chances， and the safest thing was to get him hospital care quickly. 　　Three weeks later， I received a lovely thank-you note from this man， who will  　28　 remain in good health for years to come. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次乘坐飞机 时对一位突发疾病的老人进行诊治的经历。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次乘坐飞机 时对一位突发疾病的老人进行诊治的经历。 14. A. break B. party C. dinner D. rest 解析：根据上文语境可知，机舱变暗可能是因为人们在休息。 目录 英语·必修第三册 15. A. took out B. turned out C. rang out D. put out 解析：　根据上文中的Wake up！ Oh， help！可知，此处指有 人大喊求救。 16. A. amazed B. frightened C. calm D. flexible 解析：　根据下文His head was back， his mouth open.可知，老 太太当时吓坏了。 目录 英语·必修第三册 17. A. responding B. sticking C. leading D. contributing 解析：　根据语境可知，老太太的丈夫可能失去了意识，所以 对她没有作出回应。 18. A. experiment B. trick C. examination D. research 解析：　根据下文可知，这时作者应该是给老太太的丈夫做快 速检查。 目录 英语·必修第三册 19. A. step B. pulse C. voice D. stomach 解析：　根据下文中的I sat on the arm ...his pulse可知，作者是 在给老太太的丈夫把脉。 20. A. effort B. efficiency C. effect D. order 解析：　根据上文中的breathing regularly可知，此时老人的呼吸 正常，所以应该是呼吸时不费力气。 目录 英语·必修第三册 21. A. bothering B. stopping C. observing D. checking 解析：　根据上文可知，作者现在仍然在给老人检查脉搏。 22. A. medical B. criminal C. career D. online 解析：　这里是说老人之前无疾病史。 目录 英语·必修第三册 23. A. exciting B. tiring C. amusing D. inspiring 解析：　根据上文中的It had been a good holiday， but可知，旅 行很愉快，但是也令人疲惫。 24. A. participant B. customer C. pilot D. passenger 解析：　此时是在飞机上，所以有情况应是汇报给飞行员。 目录 英语·必修第三册 25. A. for B. over C. by D. in 解析：　根据下文可知，飞行员告诉作者，要么20分钟后降 落，要么2个小时后降落，所以此处应是在20分钟后。 26. A. get on B. look on C. try on D. carry on 解析：　根据上文可推测，此处指继续飞行2个小时在多伦 多降落。 27. A. land B. fly C. drive D. sail 解析：　参见上题解析。 目录 英语·必修第三册 28. A. unfortunately B. hopefully C. immediately D. universally 解析：　根据下文中的remain in good health for years to come可 知，老人对自己在未来岁月保持健康充满希望。 目录 英语·必修第三册 Ⅳ.语法填空 　　（2024·合肥高一下期末）On 20 July 1969， American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin 29. 　　　　　　 （land） on the moon.Neil and Buzz could only spend two and a half hours on the moon because of the limited supply of oxygen in their tanks. 　　Because Neil was the leader of the task， NASA awarded him the honour of 30. 　　　　　　 （step） onto the moon first. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　31.  　　　　　　 （careful） Neil climbed down the ladder.He had given much thought 32. 　　　　　　 what he’d say.After all， his words 33. 　　　　　　 （hear） all over the world.Neil’s message was， “That’s one small step for [a] man， one giant leap for mankind.” 　　But as Neil set foot on the moon， four hundred and fifty million people 34. 　　　　　　 （listen） heard him say， “That’s one small step for man， one giant leap for mankind.” Possibly Neil forgot the word “a” or else the poor sound from the moon 35. 　　　　　　 （be） responsible for cutting out that one little word.Whatever the exact words， their meaning was clear.36. 　　　　　　 was indeed a landmark event in the history of the world. 目录 英语·必修第三册 　　Neil controlled a TV camera so viewers on Earth could watch the two men in their space suits walking 37. 　　　　　　 no human beings had ever been before.Wherever they walked they left 38. 　　　　　　 （footprint） in the moon dust.Those footprints are still there today！ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿 姆斯特朗登月的故事。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿 姆斯特朗登月的故事。 29. landed　本句时间状语为On 20 July 1969，应用一般过去时。故填 landed。 目录 英语·必修第三册 30. stepping　本空前面是介词of，因此这里应用动词-ing形式。故填 stepping。 31. Carefully　本空所填词修饰谓语动词climbed，应用副词形式。故 填Carefully。 32. to　give sth thought/give thought to sth是固定搭配，表示“认真考 虑某事”。故填to。 33. would be heard　此处表示从过去看将来，另外他的话“将被听 到”，因此用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be heard。 目录 英语·必修第三册 34. listening　本空所填词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词people；由于 表示主动概念，应用动词-ing形式。故填listening。 35. was　本句主语为the poor sound，表示单数概念，根据上下文可 知，时态为一般过去时，故填was。 36. It　这里填入It，表示前面提到的尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月一事。 37. where　这里应用从属连词where引导地点状语从句。 38. footprints　footprint是可数名词，这里表示复数概念。下一句中的 Those footprints亦是提示。故填footprints。 目录 英语·必修第三册 $