专题06 非谓语动词(复习讲义)(上海专用)2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

2026-01-22
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英语中高考研究站
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 非谓语动词
使用场景 高考复习-二轮专题
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 上海市
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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文件大小 715 KB
发布时间 2026-01-22
更新时间 2026-01-22
作者 英语中高考研究站
品牌系列 上好课·二轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-01-22
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专题06 非谓语动词 目录 01 析·考情精解 2 02 构·知能架构 3 03 破·考点攻坚 4 考点一 非谓语动词基本用法 4 知识点1 不定式的用法 4 知识点2 动名词的用法 6 知识点3 分词的用法 8 知识点4 非谓语成份之比较 10 考点二 非谓语动词在句子翻译中运用 13 语法命题透视 1. 语篇选材:贴近时代与生活,涵盖社会、科技、环保等多元领域; 2. 难度梯度:基础题占 60%,中档题 30%,难题 10%,区分度清晰; 3. 考查趋势:强调 “语境语法”,需结合语义与逻辑解题。 语法考点总结 1. 冠词 / 介词 / 代词 / 情态动词 / 连词:高频考查固定搭配、指代替换、逻辑连接词(让步 / 因果 / 时间); 2. 形容词 / 副词比较等级:比较级、最高级的语境运用; 3. 三大从句:定语从句(which/who/where/whose)、名词性从句(what/that)、状语从句逻辑; 4. 特殊句式:倒装、强调句、There be 句型的基础应用; 5. 时态语态:现在完成时、一般过去时、被动语态(一般现在 / 完成时被动); 6. 非谓语动词:现在分词(主动 / 伴随)、过去分词(被动 / 定语)、不定式(目的 / 后置定语)。 高考语法命题预测 1. 延续 “语境化” 考查,纯语法记忆题占比持续下降; 2. 核心考点稳定,非谓语动词、三大从句、时态语态仍是重点; 3. 语篇选材更注重人文关怀与跨学科视野,难度与一模持平。 考点一 非谓语动词用法 (2026 年静安区一模第 9 题): "Leaving trash outside and not(9)____________ (lock)up or having any food source around your house is conditioning a bear to be habituated," Hawley said. 【答案】 locking 【解析】考查非谓语动词(动名词)。句意:把垃圾留在外面、不上锁,或者房子周围有任何食物来源,都会让熊形成习惯化。and 连接并列结构,前文为 “leaving”(动名词作主语),此处也需用动名词形式,与 “leaving” 并列作主语,故填 locking。 命题解读 新考法:本题考查动名词作主语,核心亮点是 “and 连接并列结构的一致性”。前文 “Leaving” 为动名词形式,空格处需与之一致,故 “not” 后接动名词 locking。 新角度:结合野生动物保护的语境,将语法规则与现实问题结合,考查学生对并列结构中非谓语形式统一的把控能力,而非孤立记忆动名词用法。 (2026 年嘉定区一模第 8 题): Participants wore watches (8)____________ (track) their actual sleep and answered questions about sleep beliefs and health. 【答案】to track 【解析】考查非谓语动词(不定式)。句意:参与者佩戴手表来记录他们的实际睡眠,并回答关于睡眠观念和健康的问题。不定式作目的状语,说明佩戴手表的目的,故填 to track。 命题解读 新考法:本题考查不定式作目的状语,核心是 “动作与目的的精准对应”。佩戴手表的核心目的是 “记录睡眠”,用不定式 to track 明确逻辑关系。 新角度:结合睡眠研究的实验场景,将语法考查融入具体科研情境,要求学生准确判断非谓语动词的功能的同时,理解语境中动作的内在关联。 知识点1 不定式的基本用法 1. 构成 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 4. It happened to be raining when I got there. 注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定式。 注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时,表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如: I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你,但没来成。 I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。 I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。 2.用法 To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. (主语/形式主语) He managed to solve the complicated problem. (宾语) I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. (形式宾语) His wish is to become an astronaut. (表语) On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. (定语) She raised her voice to be heard well. (状语) The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities. 知识点2 动名词的基本用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written ★ 必背动词 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐 advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许 ★ 必背句型 The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。 There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again. The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam. 知识点3 分词的基本用法 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 1. The child standing over there is my brother.(现在分词做定语) 2. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends. (过去分词做定语) 3. His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.(现在分词做补语) 4. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. (过去分词做补语) 5. Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.(过去分词做状语) 6. Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.(现在分词做状语) 7. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.(现在分词否定形式) 8. Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.(现在分词完成形式) 考向1 单句语法填空 1.He rushed to the station to catch the early train, only (tell) that it had already left. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他冲到车站去赶早班火车,结果却被告知火车已经开走了。“only +动词不定式”的结构,常用来表示出乎意料的结果;本句中主语he和tell之间是被动关系,所以要用动词不定式的被动形式to be told。故填to be told。 2.The company aims to (modern) its management system to adapt to the rapidly changing market environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】modernize 【详解】考查动词。句意:该公司旨在使其管理体系现代化,以适应快速变化的市场环境。固定结构aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”,to后接动词原形,modern对应的动词形式是modernize,意为“使……现代化”。故填modernize。 3.To meet the customers’ needs, the designer decided to (simplify) the design of the product to make it more user-friendly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】simplify 【详解】考查动词。句意:为了满足顾客的需求,设计师决定简化产品的设计,使其更便于使用。固定结构decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”,to后接动词原形,simplify为动词原形,意为“简化”。故填simplify。 4.Sport will encourage you (maintain) a positive and balanced outlook. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to maintain 【详解】考查不定式。句意:运动将鼓励你保持积极而平衡的心态。此处为“鼓励某人做某事”,表达为encourage sb. to do sth.,故此处应用不定式作宾补,故填to maintain。 5.Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could (assist) the Chinese people. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to assist 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管处境困难,白求恩医生还是尽他所能去帮助中国人民。did是谓语动词,whatever he could (do)是宾语从句,空处作目的状语,需用动词不定式。故填to assist。 6.We must take strict measures to prevent the rare wild plants (destroy) by human activities without permission. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being destroyed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们必须采取严格措施,防止珍稀野生植物未经许可被人类活动破坏。prevent...from doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“阻止……做某事”,这里the rare wild plants与destroy之间是被动关系,即植物被破坏,所以用动名词的被动形式being destroyed。故填being destroyed。 7. (encourage) students to participate in the learning process is a good way to motivate them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Encouraging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:鼓励学生参与学习过程是激励他们的一个好方法。本句谓语为is,此处为非谓语动词作主语,表示一般性的、抽象的动作,应用encourage“鼓励”的动名词形式,句首单词首字母大写。故填Encouraging。 8.They have decided to spend the winter holidays   (explore)  the city together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】exploring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们决定一起探索这座城市来度过寒假。此处考查固定用法 spend time (in) doing sth.,意为“花费时间做某事”,介词 in 后接动名词作宾语,in 可省略。故填 exploring。 9.I greatly appreciate (give) such a great chance to serve the students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我非常感谢被给予这样一个为学生服务的好机会。固定搭配appreciate doing sth.“感激做某事”,主语I与give之间是被动关系,应用动名词的被动语态。故填being given。 10.His team even spent 100 days (build) a full-sized model ship, not to mention numerous props inside.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】building 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他的团队甚至花了 100 天建造了一艘全尺寸的模型船,更不用说里面的无数道具了。此处为固定句型“spend time (in) doing sth.”,意为“花费时间做某事”,其中in可以省略,应用动名词形式作宾语。故填building。 11.The traditional festival (date) back to the ancient times is still celebrated by people all over the country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个传统节日可以追溯到古代,现在全国各地的人们仍然在庆祝它。句中已有谓语动词is celebrated,空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词festival,date back to为固定短语,意为“追溯到”,没有被动语态,需用现在分词形式作定语。故填dating。 12. (feature) paintings by Picasso, the exhibition received popularity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Featuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这次展览以毕加索的画作为特色,受到了人们的欢迎。本句已有谓语received,feature“以……为特色”用非谓语形式,逻辑主语the exhibition与feature是主谓关系,用现在分词表主动,作状语,且句首单词首字母大写。故填Featuring。 13.People from different nations communicate with each other online every day, (make) it a common phenomenon.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】making 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:来自不同国家的人每天都在网上交流,这使其成为一种普遍现象。本句已有谓语动词communicate,空处需填非谓语动词,作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,需用make“使得”的现在分词形式making。故填making。 14.This machine, (design) for the elderly, is easy to operate and widely popular in the market. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】designed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这款专为老年人设计的机器操作简便,在市场上广受青睐。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词machine,动词design与machine为被动关系,所以用过去分词designed 作后置定语。故填designed。 15. (label) as the roof of the world and water tower of Asia, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an essential ecological security barrier in China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Labeled/Labelled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:青藏高原被誉为世界屋脊、亚洲水塔,是中国重要的生态安全屏障。句中is为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词;label 和逻辑主语the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau之间是被动关系,label用过去分词形式作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Labeled/Labelled。 考向2 语篇语法填空(节选) (2026年虹口区一模) .The deep parts of the story,(5) _________ (act) like a mirror,help readers understand the hidden corners of their own hearts. Without fear,their lessons lose depth. (7)___________ (shape) by facing imaginary monsters,readers learn how to face real-life challenges. 【答案】5. acting 7. Shaped/Having been shaped 【5 题详解】 考查非谓语动词(现在分词)。句意:故事的深层内涵,就像一面镜子,帮助读者理解自己内心隐藏的角落。逻辑主语 “the deep parts of the story” 与 “act” 为主动关系,现在分词作伴随状语,故填 acting。 【7 题详解】 考查非谓语动词(过去分词 / 现在分词完成式)。句意:通过面对想象中的怪物而被塑造,读者学会了如何面对现实生活中的挑战。逻辑主语 “readers” 与 “shape” 为被动关系,用过去分词作状语;若强调 “被塑造” 的动作先于主句动作,可用现在分词完成式的被动形式,故填 Shaped/Having been shaped。 (2026年嘉定区一模) Research has shown that Japanese people sleep 25 minutes less on average than Americans and 40 minutes less than Dutch people. Despite sleeping less than the (2) ______ (recommend) eight hours, Japanese individuals generally have better health outcomes, living longer with lower rates of cancer and heart disease compared to North Americans. In North American culture, there is a strong, widespread belief that getting 8 hours of sleep is essential for (6) ______ (maintain) good health. 【答案】(2) recommended (6) maintaining 【2 题详解】 考查非谓语动词(过去分词)。句意:尽管睡眠时间少于推荐的 8 小时,但日本人的健康状况普遍更好。此处修饰 “eight hours”,“recommend” 与 “eight hours” 为被动关系,过去分词作定语,故填 recommended。 【6 题详解】 考查非谓语动词(动名词)。句意:在北美文化中,人们普遍坚信 8 小时睡眠对保持健康至关重要。介词 “for” 后接动名词作宾语,故填 maintaining。 (2026年徐汇区一模) By the mid-21st century, the term “nose job” had been completely redefined. No longer referring to simple cosmetic surgery, it now described a radical procedure to augment the human sense of smell, ____1____(grant) individuals olfactory (嗅觉) powers equivalent to a bloodhound’s. This was achieved by boosting the number of olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity (鼻腔) from the human standard of 6 million to over 100 million. When the nose was reattached, neural stem cells grew, forging (建立) new connections to the brain’s olfactory bulb. ____3____ (accommodate) this new hardware, most patients accepted a slightly larger, more bulbous nose, ____4____a minority even opted for a “wet” nose modification to enhance scent trapping, much like a dog’s. The reasons for ____7____ (undergo) the augmentation were as varied as the scents it revealed. Many sought it for professional advancement. 【答案】1. granting 3. To accommodate 7. undergoing 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:它不再指简单的美容手术,而是描述了一种增强人类嗅觉的革命性手术,赋予个人相当于寻血猎犬的嗅觉能力。此处在句中作状语,主语为it,与grant之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词作状语。故填granting。 【3题详解】 考查不定式。句意:为了容纳这套新“硬件”,大多数患者接受了稍微更大、更圆润的鼻子,少数人甚至选择了类似狗的“湿润”鼻子改造,以增强气味捕捉能力。此处在句中作状语,表示接受更大更圆润的鼻子的目的是为了容纳这套新硬件,故应用不定式作目的状语。首字母大写。故填To accommodate。 【7题详解】 考查动名词。句意:人们选择接受这种增强手术的原因,就像它能揭示的气味一样多种多样。根据空前的介词for可知,此处应用动名词作宾语,故填undergoing。 (2026年松江区一模) Banning phones from lessons doesn’t mean ____2____ (rob) children of experience with modern technology. They get plenty of that outside school; gaps can be filled up. Tech-enthusiasts like to point to a long history of ____3____ (misplace) doubt about technology and its impact on education. A recent study, following 17,000 higher-education students in India for three years, concluded that requiring phones ____6____ (leave) outside classrooms led to a measurable improvement in grades. 【答案】2. robbing 3. misplaced . to be left 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:禁止在课堂上使用手机并不意味着剥夺孩子们接触现代科技的机会。短语mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”。故填robbing。 【3题详解】 考查过去分词。句意:技术爱好者们常常会提及这样一个事实:长期以来,人们一直对技术及其对教育的影响存在错误的怀疑态度。修饰名词doubt,表示“不当的”,用过去分词做形容词misplaced,故填misplaced。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:最近的一项研究对印度的17000名高等教育学生进行了为期三年的跟踪调查,结果表明,要求学生将手机留在教室外这一举措显著提高了他们的学习成绩。固定搭配require sth. to be done表示“要求某物被做”,此处指“要求手机被留在教室外”,故填to be left。 (2026年黄浦区一模) Some have even challenged her,insisting she stop. ___2___ (feed) the animals.Ms Malhotra says she usually prefers to stay calm in such situations,but there have been instances ____3____ she’s had to be firmer. However,a rising number of people in Delhi say they fear dog bites and groups of homeless dogs can often be seen chasing children and the elderly.Government data shows that there were 3.7 million ____8____ (report) cases of dog bites across the country in 2024. 【答案】 2. feeding 8. reported 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:有些人甚至质疑她,坚持让她停止喂食动物。空处为非谓语动词形式担当动词“stop”的宾语,意为“停止做某事”,用动名词形式。故填feeding。 【8题详解】 考查形容词。句意:政府数据显示,2024年全国有370万例狗咬伤报告。修饰名词“cases”用形容词形式,意为“已报告的、经申报的”,符合句意。故填reported。 (2026年宝山区一模) Long ago, Sparta, an ancient city in Greece, became known for its brave and powerful soldiers. Spartan boys, taken away from home ____1____ (train) around the age of 7, were taught discipline, physical fitness, battle skills and to obey orders. The training program, ____2____ (call) “agoge,” lasted until the young men were around 30 and was meant to produce warriors who were unbreakable, both mentally and physically. Many participants consider ____9____highly beneficial to participate in an OCR. After _____10_____ (complete) one, many say they leave, in true Spartan fashion, with the ability and determination to face and overcome life’s obstacles. 【答案】1. to be trained 2. called 10. completing 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:斯巴达男孩大约在7岁时被带离家去接受训练,他们被教导纪律、身体健康、战斗技能和服从命令。“be taken away from home...”的目的是“去接受训练”,所以此处应用不定式作目的状语,且男孩们与train之间是被动关系,故用不定式的被动式to be trained。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:这个训练项目被称为“agoge”,一直持续到这些年轻人大约30岁,旨在培养出在精神和身体上都坚不可摧的战士。句中已有谓语lasted,call在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语The training program构成被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:在完成一场比赛后,许多人说,他们以真正的斯巴达风格离开,有能力也有决心面对并克服生活中的障碍。After为介词,其后应接动名词作宾语。故填completing。 (2026年崇明区一模) The best of the bunch was a humanoid called Tiangong Ultra, ___7___ (develop) by the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, which won the robot race in 2 hours and 40 minutes. It made it the only robot ___9___ (qualify) for a human participation award. It was the tallest robot in the field, too, ___10___ (tower) over many human adults at nearly six feet (about 1.8 meters). By contrast, the shortest robot participant — which wore a blue and white tracksuit and waved at people every few seconds — was just 2.5 feet (about 0.76 meters) tall. 【答案】 7. developed 9. to qualify##to be qualified 10. towering 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:其中表现最好的是一款名为“天工Ultra”的人形机器人,由北京人形机器人创新中心开发,以2小时40分钟的成绩赢得了机器人组冠军。空处作非谓语动词,develop和逻辑主语a humanoid called Tiangong Ultra之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填developed。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:这使它成为唯一有资格获得人类参与奖的机器人。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词robot,当名词有the only修饰,其后用不定式作后置定语,qualify“符合”和robot之间可以是主动 关系,强调机器人自身符合获奖条件,可用to qualify;也可用不定式的被动形式to be qualified,强调机器人被官方授予资格。故填to qualify/to be qualified。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:它也是赛场上最高的机器人,身高近6英尺(约1.8米),比许多成年人都高。空处作非谓语动词,动词tower“高耸;高出”和逻辑主语It(指代前文的机器人)之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填towering。 (2026年杨浦区一模) According to new research, cutting off rhinos’ horns reduces the poaching (偷猎) of the animals by nearly 80%. Rhinos are hunted for their horns, and scientists think there are now fewer than 28,000 rhinos____1____ (leave) in the world. More than 700 poachers were arrested, but the researchers found that____4____ (arrest) the illegal hunters didn’t significantly reduce the number of rhinos that were killed. ____5____ (call) the method “dehorning”, the researchers are now cutting off the rhinos’ horns in an attempt to protect them. 【答案】1. left 4. arresting 5. Calling 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:犀牛因犀角被猎杀,科学家认为目前全球仅存不足28000头犀牛。句中已有谓语are,此空应是非谓语。rhinos与leave是动宾关系,应用过去分词left。故填left。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:700多名偷猎者被捕,但研究人员发现逮捕非法猎人并未显著减少犀牛被杀的数量。此处作宾语从句的主语,应用动名词arresting。故填arresting。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:研究人员将这种方法称为“去角”,现在正切断犀角以保护它们。句中已有谓语are cutting off,此空应是非谓语。the researchers与call是主谓关系,应用现在分词Calling。首字母大写。故填Calling。 考点二 非谓语动词在句子翻译中运用 例 1 【2026・上海静安・一模】 虽然这座矗立于市中心的纪念碑形制朴素,但它作为历史见证,始终塑造着我们的民族精神,激励着后人。(Though) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】Though the monument standing in the city center is simple in shape, as a witness to history, it has always shaped our national spirit and inspired later generations. 【解析】考查现在分词作后置定语( · 非谓语类型:现在分词短语 “standing in the city center” 作后置定语,修饰名词 “the monument”; · 逻辑关系:现在分词 “standing” 与逻辑主语 “the monument” 为主动关系(纪念碑 “矗立” 是主动状态),且表 “正在进行的状态”(纪念碑当前仍矗立在市中心); · 翻译技巧:根据汉语 “定语前置” 习惯,将后置的现在分词短语转译为前置定语 “矗立于市中心的”,避免直译 “纪念碑站在市中心” 的生硬表达,符合摘要 1 “调整语序” 的翻译策略; · 易错点规避:避免误将 “standing” 改为过去分词 “stood”(被动关系不成立,纪念碑无法 “被矗立”)。 例 2 【2026・上海虹口・一模】 随着乒乓球友谊赛的圆满落幕,我们再次体会到:无论输赢,每个人都是胜利者。(regardless) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】With the table tennis friendship competition successfully concluded, we once again realize that, regardless of winning or losing, everyone is a winner. 【解析】考查过去分词作宾语补足语(贴合摘要 1 “过去分词作补语表被动”、摘要 2 “过去分词作时间状语” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:过去分词 “concluded” 在 “with 复合结构”(With + 宾语 + 补语)中作宾补,补充说明宾语 “the table tennis friendship competition” 的状态; · 逻辑关系:过去分词 “concluded” 与逻辑主语 “competition” 为被动关系(比赛 “被圆满落幕”),且表 “动作已完成”(落幕是过去发生的动作); · 翻译技巧:将 “with + 宾语 + 过去分词” 结构转译为时间状语 “随着乒乓球友谊赛的圆满落幕”,替代 “when the competition was concluded” 从句,符合摘要 1 “句式转换” 策略,使句子更简洁; · 考点延伸:“winning or losing” 为动名词短语作介词 “regardless of” 的宾语,体现 “介词后接动名词” 规则(摘要 4 “doing 作介词宾语”)。 例 3 【2026・上海虹口・一模】 年轻人借助多媒体和直播,打破了销售的时空限制,让农产品走出乡村,进入更大的市场 。(barrier) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】By using multimedia and live streaming, young people have broken the barriers of time and space in sales, allowing agricultural products to move from the countryside into larger markets. 【解析】考查现在分词作结果状语(贴合摘要 2 “现在分词作结果状语表自然结果”、摘要 3 “现在分词表主动伴随” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:现在分词短语 “allowing agricultural products...” 作结果状语,补充说明主句 “broken the barriers” 的自然结果; · 逻辑关系:现在分词 “allowing” 与逻辑主语 “young people have broken the barriers”(整个主句)为主动关系(打破限制 “自然导致” 农产品走出去),表 “主动产生的结果”; · 翻译技巧:根据汉语 “逗号衔接结果” 习惯,将现在分词短语转译为 “让农产品走出乡村,进入更大的市场”,用 “让” 字明确结果关系,符合摘要 1 “增译连接词” 策略; · 对比考点:区别于不定式作结果状语(表意外结果,如 “only to find”),此处用现在分词表 “自然、必然结果”,贴合语境逻辑。 例 4 【2026・上海徐汇・一模】 这位年轻企业家凭借其独特的视野和卓越的领导力所取得的惊人成就,远远超出了包括他家人在内的所有人的预期。(exceed) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】The remarkable achievements made by this young entrepreneur, thanks to his unique vision and exceptional leadership, far exceeded everyone’s expectations, including his family. 【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语(贴合摘要 1 “过去分词作定语表被动”、摘要 3“过去分词表完成 / 被动” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:过去分词短语 “made by this young entrepreneur” 作后置定语,修饰名词 “The remarkable achievements”; · 逻辑关系:过去分词 “made” 与逻辑主语 “achievements” 为被动关系(成就 “被企业家取得”),且表 “动作已完成”(成就为过去取得); · 翻译技巧:将后置的过去分词短语转译为前置定语 “这位年轻企业家…… 所取得的”,用 “所取得” 体现被动含义,符合汉语 “…… 的” 字定语结构(摘要 1 “转译为形容词性短语”); · 延伸考点:“including his family” 为现在分词短语作伴随状语,表 “包含”,体现 “现在分词表主动伴随”(摘要 2)。 例 5 【2026・上海黄浦・一模】 旅居海外多年,归来时才明白,原来我心心念念的地方一直在这里。(abroad) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】Having lived abroad for many years, I didn’t realize until I returned that the place I had been longing for was right here all along. 【解析】考查现在分词完成式作时间状语(贴合摘要 2 “现在分词完成式作时间状语表动作先于主句”、摘要 3 “现在分词完成式表先后关系” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:现在分词完成式 “Having lived abroad for many years” 作时间状语,修饰主句 “I didn’t realize”; · 逻辑关系:现在分词完成式 “Having lived” 强调动作 “旅居海外” 发生在主句动作 “realize” 之前(先旅居,后明白),逻辑主语 “I” 与 “lived” 为主动关系; · 翻译技巧:将现在分词完成式转译为时间状语 “旅居海外多年”,省略 “having” 的语法痕迹,用 “旅居” 直接体现主动动作,符合汉语 “时间状语前置” 习惯(摘要 1 “调整语序”); · 易错点规避:避免误写为 “Living abroad...”(未体现 “旅居先于明白” 的先后关系,需用完成式 “Having lived”)。 例 6 【2026・上海宝山・一模】 一吃完晚饭,她就迫不及待地邀请我们去她家附近那条美丽的湖边散步。(on) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】On finishing the dinner, she couldn’t help inviting us to take a walk along the beautiful lake near her home. 【解析】考查动名词作介词宾语(贴合摘要 1 “动名词转译为名词性短语”、摘要 4 “doing 作介词宾语” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:动名词 “finishing” 作介词 “on” 的宾语,构成 “on doing sth.” 结构表 “一…… 就……”; · 逻辑关系:动名词 “finishing” 与逻辑主语 “she” 为主动关系(她 “完成” 吃饭动作),且表 “动作已完成”(吃完饭后才邀请); · 翻译技巧:将 “on finishing the dinner” 转译为时间状语 “一吃完晚饭”,用 “一…… 就……” 体现 “on doing” 的时间逻辑,符合汉语 “简洁衔接” 习惯(摘要 1 “句式转换”); · 延伸考点:“inviting us to take a walk” 中,“inviting” 为动名词作宾语(“couldn’t help doing” 固定搭配),“to take a walk” 为不定式作宾语补足语(摘要 1 “不定式作补语”)。 例 7 【2026・上海崇明・一模】 为使这款产品在竞争激烈的市场中脱颖而出,公司负责人建议把传统文化融入到产品的设计理念中。(integrate) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】To make this product stand out in the fiercely competitive market, the company’s leader suggested integrating traditional culture into the design concept of the product. 【解析】考查不定式作目的状语(贴合摘要 1“不定式表目的转译为‘为使 / 为了’”、摘要 4 “to do 表目的” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:不定式短语 “To make this product stand out...” 作目的状语,修饰主句 “suggested integrating...”; · 逻辑关系:不定式 “To make” 表主句动作 “建议融入文化” 的目的(建议的目的是 “让产品脱颖而出”),逻辑主语 “the company’s leader” 与 “make” 为主动关系; · 翻译技巧:直接保留不定式的目的含义,译为 “为使这款产品……”,用 “为使” 明确目的关系,符合汉语 “目的状语前置” 习惯(摘要 1 “增译连接词”); · 对比考点:“integrating traditional culture” 为动名词作宾语(“suggest doing sth.” 固定搭配,摘要 4 “doing 作宾语”),体现 “动词后接动名词” 规则。 例 8 【2026・上海杨浦・一模】 作家饱受战争摧残的童年充斥着不安,给他的作品投下阴影,孕育出黑暗的主题。(give rise) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】The writer’s war-torn childhood, filled with insecurity, cast a shadow over his works and gave rise to dark themes. 【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语(贴合摘要 1“过去分词作定语表被动 / 完成”、摘要 3 “过去分词形容词化” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:过去分词短语 “filled with insecurity” 作后置定语,修饰名词 “childhood”; · 逻辑关系:过去分词 “filled” 与逻辑主语 “childhood” 为被动关系(童年 “被不安充斥”),且表 “状态持续”(童年时期一直处于不安中); · 翻译技巧:将后置的过去分词短语转译为前置定语 “充斥着不安的”,用 “充斥着” 体现被动含义,符合汉语 “定语前置” 规则(摘要 1 “调整语序”); · 延伸考点:“war-torn” 为形容词化的过去分词(表 “被战争摧残的”),直接作定语修饰 “childhood”,体现 “过去分词作定语的简洁性”(摘要 3)。 例 9 【2026・上海浦东・一模】 每周三下午,各班轮流打理小花园,从松土到浇水,同学们在挥洒汗水中感受劳作的乐趣和协作的力量。(where) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】Every Wednesday afternoon, each class takes turns tending the small garden, where students sweat from loosening the soil to watering plants, experiencing the joy of labor and the power of cooperation. 【解析】考查现在分词作伴随状语(贴合摘要 2 “现在分词作伴随状语表同步动作”、摘要 3 “现在分词表主动伴随” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:现在分词短语 “experiencing the joy of labor...” 作伴随状语,补充说明主句 “students sweat” 的同步动作; · 逻辑关系:现在分词 “experiencing” 与逻辑主语 “students” 为主动关系(同学们 “感受乐趣” 是主动动作),且与 “sweat”(挥洒汗水)同时发生; · 翻译技巧:将现在分词短语转译为 “在挥洒汗水中感受……”,用 “在…… 中” 明确伴随关系,符合汉语 “伴随动作前置” 习惯(摘要 1 “增译虚词”); · 延伸考点:“tending the small garden” 为动名词作宾语(“take turns doing sth.” 固定搭配,摘要 4 “doing 作宾语”),“loosening”“watering” 为动名词作介词 “from” 的宾语(摘要 1 “动名词作介词宾语”)。 例 10 【2026・上海闵行・一模】 受深厚的农耕文化与生态旅游资源驱动,这座偏远村庄如今已蜕变为宜居宜游的美丽乡村。(fuel) _______________________________________________________________________. 【答案】Fueled by its rich farming culture and eco-tourism resources, this remote village has now transformed into a livable and tourist-friendly beautiful countryside. 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语 · 非谓语类型:过去分词 “Fueled”(fuel 的过去分词,表 “被驱动”)作原因状语,修饰主句 “this remote village has transformed...”; · 逻辑关系:过去分词 “Fueled” 与逻辑主语 “this remote village” 为被动关系(村庄 “被农耕文化与旅游资源驱动”),表 “主句动作的原因”; · 翻译技巧:将过去分词短语转译为原因状语 “受深厚的农耕文化与生态旅游资源驱动”,用 “受” 字明确被动原因,符合汉语 “原因状语前置” 习惯(摘要 1 “转译为分句”); · 易错点规避:避免误写为 “Fueling...”(主动关系不成立,村庄无法 “主动驱动” 自己,需用过去分词表被动)。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司6 / 31 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题06 非谓语动词 目录 01 析·考情精解 2 02 构·知能架构 3 03 破·考点攻坚 4 考点一 非谓语动词基本用法 4 知识点1 不定式的用法 4 知识点2 动名词的用法 6 知识点3 分词的用法 8 知识点4 非谓语成份之比较 10 考点二 非谓语动词在句子翻译中运用 13 语法命题透视 1. 语篇选材:贴近时代与生活,涵盖社会、科技、环保等多元领域; 2. 难度梯度:基础题占 60%,中档题 30%,难题 10%,区分度清晰; 3. 考查趋势:强调 “语境语法”,需结合语义与逻辑解题。 语法考点总结 1. 冠词 / 介词 / 代词 / 情态动词 / 连词:高频考查固定搭配、指代替换、逻辑连接词(让步 / 因果 / 时间); 2. 形容词 / 副词比较等级:比较级、最高级的语境运用; 3. 三大从句:定语从句(which/who/where/whose)、名词性从句(what/that)、状语从句逻辑; 4. 特殊句式:倒装、强调句、There be 句型的基础应用; 5. 时态语态:现在完成时、一般过去时、被动语态(一般现在 / 完成时被动); 6. 非谓语动词:现在分词(主动 / 伴随)、过去分词(被动 / 定语)、不定式(目的 / 后置定语)。 高考语法命题预测 1. 延续 “语境化” 考查,纯语法记忆题占比持续下降; 2. 核心考点稳定,非谓语动词、三大从句、时态语态仍是重点; 3. 语篇选材更注重人文关怀与跨学科视野,难度与一模持平。 考点一 非谓语动词用法 (2026 年静安区一模第 9 题): "Leaving trash outside and not(9)____________ (lock)up or having any food source around your house is conditioning a bear to be habituated," Hawley said. 【答案】 locking 【解析】考查非谓语动词(动名词)。句意:把垃圾留在外面、不上锁,或者房子周围有任何食物来源,都会让熊形成习惯化。and 连接并列结构,前文为 “leaving”(动名词作主语),此处也需用动名词形式,与 “leaving” 并列作主语,故填 locking。 命题解读 新考法:本题考查动名词作主语,核心亮点是 “and 连接并列结构的一致性”。前文 “Leaving” 为动名词形式,空格处需与之一致,故 “not” 后接动名词 locking。 新角度:结合野生动物保护的语境,将语法规则与现实问题结合,考查学生对并列结构中非谓语形式统一的把控能力,而非孤立记忆动名词用法。 (2026 年嘉定区一模第 8 题): Participants wore watches (8)____________ (track) their actual sleep and answered questions about sleep beliefs and health. 【答案】to track 【解析】考查非谓语动词(不定式)。句意:参与者佩戴手表来记录他们的实际睡眠,并回答关于睡眠观念和健康的问题。不定式作目的状语,说明佩戴手表的目的,故填 to track。 命题解读 新考法:本题考查不定式作目的状语,核心是 “动作与目的的精准对应”。佩戴手表的核心目的是 “记录睡眠”,用不定式 to track 明确逻辑关系。 新角度:结合睡眠研究的实验场景,将语法考查融入具体科研情境,要求学生准确判断非谓语动词的功能的同时,理解语境中动作的内在关联。 知识点1 不定式的基本用法 1. 构成 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 4. It happened to be raining when I got there. 注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定式。 注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时,表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如: I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你,但没来成。 I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。 I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。 2.用法 To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. (主语/形式主语) He managed to solve the complicated problem. (宾语) I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. (形式宾语) His wish is to become an astronaut. (表语) On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. (定语) She raised her voice to be heard well. (状语) The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities. 知识点2 动名词的基本用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written ★ 必背动词 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐 advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许 ★ 必背句型 The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。 There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again. The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam. 知识点3 分词的基本用法 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 1. The child standing over there is my brother.(现在分词做定语) 2. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends. (过去分词做定语) 3. His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.(现在分词做补语) 4. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. (过去分词做补语) 5. Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.(过去分词做状语) 6. Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.(现在分词做状语) 7. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.(现在分词否定形式) 8. Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.(现在分词完成形式) 考向1 单句语法填空 1.He rushed to the station to catch the early train, only (tell) that it had already left. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2.The company aims to (modern) its management system to adapt to the rapidly changing market environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3.To meet the customers’ needs, the designer decided to (simplify) the design of the product to make it more user-friendly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4.Sport will encourage you (maintain) a positive and balanced outlook. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5.Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could (assist) the Chinese people. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6.We must take strict measures to prevent the rare wild plants (destroy) by human activities without permission. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7. (encourage) students to participate in the learning process is a good way to motivate them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8.They have decided to spend the winter holidays   (explore)  the city together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9.I greatly appreciate (give) such a great chance to serve the students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10.His team even spent 100 days (build) a full-sized model ship, not to mention numerous props inside.(所给词的适当形式填空) 11.The traditional festival (date) back to the ancient times is still celebrated by people all over the country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12. (feature) paintings by Picasso, the exhibition received popularity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13.People from different nations communicate with each other online every day, (make) it a common phenomenon.(所给词的适当形式填空) 14.This machine, (design) for the elderly, is easy to operate and widely popular in the market. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15. (label) as the roof of the world and water tower of Asia, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an essential ecological security barrier in China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考向2 语篇语法填空(节选) (2026年虹口区一模) .The deep parts of the story,(5) _________ (act) like a mirror,help readers understand the hidden corners of their own hearts. Without fear,their lessons lose depth. (7)___________ (shape) by facing imaginary monsters,readers learn how to face real-life challenges. (2026年嘉定区一模) Research has shown that Japanese people sleep 25 minutes less on average than Americans and 40 minutes less than Dutch people. Despite sleeping less than the (2) ______ (recommend) eight hours, Japanese individuals generally have better health outcomes, living longer with lower rates of cancer and heart disease compared to North Americans. In North American culture, there is a strong, widespread belief that getting 8 hours of sleep is essential for (6) ______ (maintain) good health. (2026年徐汇区一模) By the mid-21st century, the term “nose job” had been completely redefined. No longer referring to simple cosmetic surgery, it now described a radical procedure to augment the human sense of smell, ____1____(grant) individuals olfactory (嗅觉) powers equivalent to a bloodhound’s. This was achieved by boosting the number of olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity (鼻腔) from the human standard of 6 million to over 100 million. When the nose was reattached, neural stem cells grew, forging (建立) new connections to the brain’s olfactory bulb. ____3____ (accommodate) this new hardware, most patients accepted a slightly larger, more bulbous nose, ____4____a minority even opted for a “wet” nose modification to enhance scent trapping, much like a dog’s. The reasons for ____7____ (undergo) the augmentation were as varied as the scents it revealed. Many sought it for professional advancement. (2026年松江区一模) Banning phones from lessons doesn’t mean ____2____ (rob) children of experience with modern technology. They get plenty of that outside school; gaps can be filled up. Tech-enthusiasts like to point to a long history of ____3____ (misplace) doubt about technology and its impact on education. A recent study, following 17,000 higher-education students in India for three years, concluded that requiring phones ____6____ (leave) outside classrooms led to a measurable improvement in grades. (2026年黄浦区一模) Some have even challenged her,insisting she stop. ___2___ (feed) the animals.Ms Malhotra says she usually prefers to stay calm in such situations,but there have been instances ____3____ she’s had to be firmer. However,a rising number of people in Delhi say they fear dog bites and groups of homeless dogs can often be seen chasing children and the elderly.Government data shows that there were 3.7 million ____8____ (report) cases of dog bites across the country in 2024. (2026年宝山区一模) Long ago, Sparta, an ancient city in Greece, became known for its brave and powerful soldiers. Spartan boys, taken away from home ____1____ (train) around the age of 7, were taught discipline, physical fitness, battle skills and to obey orders. The training program, ____2____ (call) “agoge,” lasted until the young men were around 30 and was meant to produce warriors who were unbreakable, both mentally and physically. Many participants consider ____9____highly beneficial to participate in an OCR. After _____10_____ (complete) one, many say they leave, in true Spartan fashion, with the ability and determination to face and overcome life’s obstacles. (2026年崇明区一模) The best of the bunch was a humanoid called Tiangong Ultra, ___7___ (develop) by the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, which won the robot race in 2 hours and 40 minutes. It made it the only robot ___9___ (qualify) for a human participation award. It was the tallest robot in the field, too, ___10___ (tower) over many human adults at nearly six feet (about 1.8 meters). By contrast, the shortest robot participant — which wore a blue and white tracksuit and waved at people every few seconds — was just 2.5 feet (about 0.76 meters) tall. (2026年杨浦区一模) According to new research, cutting off rhinos’ horns reduces the poaching (偷猎) of the animals by nearly 80%. Rhinos are hunted for their horns, and scientists think there are now fewer than 28,000 rhinos____1____ (leave) in the world. More than 700 poachers were arrested, but the researchers found that____4____ (arrest) the illegal hunters didn’t significantly reduce the number of rhinos that were killed. ____5____ (call) the method “dehorning”, the researchers are now cutting off the rhinos’ horns in an attempt to protect them. 考点二 非谓语动词在句子翻译中运用 例 1 【2026・上海静安・一模】 虽然这座矗立于市中心的纪念碑形制朴素,但它作为历史见证,始终塑造着我们的民族精神,激励着后人。(Though) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查现在分词作后置定语( · 非谓语类型:现在分词短语 “standing in the city center” 作后置定语,修饰名词 “the monument”; · 逻辑关系:现在分词 “standing” 与逻辑主语 “the monument” 为主动关系(纪念碑 “矗立” 是主动状态),且表 “正在进行的状态”(纪念碑当前仍矗立在市中心); · 翻译技巧:根据汉语 “定语前置” 习惯,将后置的现在分词短语转译为前置定语 “矗立于市中心的”,避免直译 “纪念碑站在市中心” 的生硬表达,符合摘要 1 “调整语序” 的翻译策略; · 易错点规避:避免误将 “standing” 改为过去分词 “stood”(被动关系不成立,纪念碑无法 “被矗立”)。 例 2 【2026・上海虹口・一模】 随着乒乓球友谊赛的圆满落幕,我们再次体会到:无论输赢,每个人都是胜利者。(regardless) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查过去分词作宾语补足语(贴合摘要 1 “过去分词作补语表被动”、摘要 2 “过去分词作时间状语” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:过去分词 “concluded” 在 “with 复合结构”(With + 宾语 + 补语)中作宾补,补充说明宾语 “the table tennis friendship competition” 的状态; · 逻辑关系:过去分词 “concluded” 与逻辑主语 “competition” 为被动关系(比赛 “被圆满落幕”),且表 “动作已完成”(落幕是过去发生的动作); · 翻译技巧:将 “with + 宾语 + 过去分词” 结构转译为时间状语 “随着乒乓球友谊赛的圆满落幕”,替代 “when the competition was concluded” 从句,符合摘要 1 “句式转换” 策略,使句子更简洁; · 考点延伸:“winning or losing” 为动名词短语作介词 “regardless of” 的宾语,体现 “介词后接动名词” 规则(摘要 4 “doing 作介词宾语”)。 例 3 【2026・上海虹口・一模】 年轻人借助多媒体和直播,打破了销售的时空限制,让农产品走出乡村,进入更大的市场 。(barrier) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查现在分词作结果状语(贴合摘要 2 “现在分词作结果状语表自然结果”、摘要 3 “现在分词表主动伴随” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:现在分词短语 “allowing agricultural products...” 作结果状语,补充说明主句 “broken the barriers” 的自然结果; · 逻辑关系:现在分词 “allowing” 与逻辑主语 “young people have broken the barriers”(整个主句)为主动关系(打破限制 “自然导致” 农产品走出去),表 “主动产生的结果”; · 翻译技巧:根据汉语 “逗号衔接结果” 习惯,将现在分词短语转译为 “让农产品走出乡村,进入更大的市场”,用 “让” 字明确结果关系,符合摘要 1 “增译连接词” 策略; · 对比考点:区别于不定式作结果状语(表意外结果,如 “only to find”),此处用现在分词表 “自然、必然结果”,贴合语境逻辑。 例 4 【2026・上海徐汇・一模】 这位年轻企业家凭借其独特的视野和卓越的领导力所取得的惊人成就,远远超出了包括他家人在内的所有人的预期。(exceed) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语(贴合摘要 1 “过去分词作定语表被动”、摘要 3“过去分词表完成 / 被动” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:过去分词短语 “made by this young entrepreneur” 作后置定语,修饰名词 “The remarkable achievements”; · 逻辑关系:过去分词 “made” 与逻辑主语 “achievements” 为被动关系(成就 “被企业家取得”),且表 “动作已完成”(成就为过去取得); · 翻译技巧:将后置的过去分词短语转译为前置定语 “这位年轻企业家…… 所取得的”,用 “所取得” 体现被动含义,符合汉语 “…… 的” 字定语结构(摘要 1 “转译为形容词性短语”); · 延伸考点:“including his family” 为现在分词短语作伴随状语,表 “包含”,体现 “现在分词表主动伴随”(摘要 2)。 例 5 【2026・上海黄浦・一模】 旅居海外多年,归来时才明白,原来我心心念念的地方一直在这里。(abroad) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查现在分词完成式作时间状语(贴合摘要 2 “现在分词完成式作时间状语表动作先于主句”、摘要 3 “现在分词完成式表先后关系” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:现在分词完成式 “Having lived abroad for many years” 作时间状语,修饰主句 “I didn’t realize”; · 逻辑关系:现在分词完成式 “Having lived” 强调动作 “旅居海外” 发生在主句动作 “realize” 之前(先旅居,后明白),逻辑主语 “I” 与 “lived” 为主动关系; · 翻译技巧:将现在分词完成式转译为时间状语 “旅居海外多年”,省略 “having” 的语法痕迹,用 “旅居” 直接体现主动动作,符合汉语 “时间状语前置” 习惯(摘要 1 “调整语序”); · 易错点规避:避免误写为 “Living abroad...”(未体现 “旅居先于明白” 的先后关系,需用完成式 “Having lived”)。 例 6 【2026・上海宝山・一模】 一吃完晚饭,她就迫不及待地邀请我们去她家附近那条美丽的湖边散步。(on) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查动名词作介词宾语(贴合摘要 1 “动名词转译为名词性短语”、摘要 4 “doing 作介词宾语” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:动名词 “finishing” 作介词 “on” 的宾语,构成 “on doing sth.” 结构表 “一…… 就……”; · 逻辑关系:动名词 “finishing” 与逻辑主语 “she” 为主动关系(她 “完成” 吃饭动作),且表 “动作已完成”(吃完饭后才邀请); · 翻译技巧:将 “on finishing the dinner” 转译为时间状语 “一吃完晚饭”,用 “一…… 就……” 体现 “on doing” 的时间逻辑,符合汉语 “简洁衔接” 习惯(摘要 1 “句式转换”); · 延伸考点:“inviting us to take a walk” 中,“inviting” 为动名词作宾语(“couldn’t help doing” 固定搭配),“to take a walk” 为不定式作宾语补足语(摘要 1 “不定式作补语”)。 例 7 【2026・上海崇明・一模】 为使这款产品在竞争激烈的市场中脱颖而出,公司负责人建议把传统文化融入到产品的设计理念中。(integrate) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查不定式作目的状语(贴合摘要 1“不定式表目的转译为‘为使 / 为了’”、摘要 4 “to do 表目的” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:不定式短语 “To make this product stand out...” 作目的状语,修饰主句 “suggested integrating...”; · 逻辑关系:不定式 “To make” 表主句动作 “建议融入文化” 的目的(建议的目的是 “让产品脱颖而出”),逻辑主语 “the company’s leader” 与 “make” 为主动关系; · 翻译技巧:直接保留不定式的目的含义,译为 “为使这款产品……”,用 “为使” 明确目的关系,符合汉语 “目的状语前置” 习惯(摘要 1 “增译连接词”); · 对比考点:“integrating traditional culture” 为动名词作宾语(“suggest doing sth.” 固定搭配,摘要 4 “doing 作宾语”),体现 “动词后接动名词” 规则。 例 8 【2026・上海杨浦・一模】 作家饱受战争摧残的童年充斥着不安,给他的作品投下阴影,孕育出黑暗的主题。(give rise) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语(贴合摘要 1“过去分词作定语表被动 / 完成”、摘要 3 “过去分词形容词化” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:过去分词短语 “filled with insecurity” 作后置定语,修饰名词 “childhood”; · 逻辑关系:过去分词 “filled” 与逻辑主语 “childhood” 为被动关系(童年 “被不安充斥”),且表 “状态持续”(童年时期一直处于不安中); · 翻译技巧:将后置的过去分词短语转译为前置定语 “充斥着不安的”,用 “充斥着” 体现被动含义,符合汉语 “定语前置” 规则(摘要 1 “调整语序”); · 延伸考点:“war-torn” 为形容词化的过去分词(表 “被战争摧残的”),直接作定语修饰 “childhood”,体现 “过去分词作定语的简洁性”(摘要 3)。 例 9 【2026・上海浦东・一模】 每周三下午,各班轮流打理小花园,从松土到浇水,同学们在挥洒汗水中感受劳作的乐趣和协作的力量。(where) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查现在分词作伴随状语(贴合摘要 2 “现在分词作伴随状语表同步动作”、摘要 3 “现在分词表主动伴随” 考点)。 · 非谓语类型:现在分词短语 “experiencing the joy of labor...” 作伴随状语,补充说明主句 “students sweat” 的同步动作; · 逻辑关系:现在分词 “experiencing” 与逻辑主语 “students” 为主动关系(同学们 “感受乐趣” 是主动动作),且与 “sweat”(挥洒汗水)同时发生; · 翻译技巧:将现在分词短语转译为 “在挥洒汗水中感受……”,用 “在…… 中” 明确伴随关系,符合汉语 “伴随动作前置” 习惯(摘要 1 “增译虚词”); · 延伸考点:“tending the small garden” 为动名词作宾语(“take turns doing sth.” 固定搭配,摘要 4 “doing 作宾语”),“loosening”“watering” 为动名词作介词 “from” 的宾语(摘要 1 “动名词作介词宾语”)。 例 10 【2026・上海闵行・一模】 受深厚的农耕文化与生态旅游资源驱动,这座偏远村庄如今已蜕变为宜居宜游的美丽乡村。(fuel) _______________________________________________________________________. 【解析】考查过去分词作原因状语 · 非谓语类型:过去分词 “Fueled”(fuel 的过去分词,表 “被驱动”)作原因状语,修饰主句 “this remote village has transformed...”; · 逻辑关系:过去分词 “Fueled” 与逻辑主语 “this remote village” 为被动关系(村庄 “被农耕文化与旅游资源驱动”),表 “主句动作的原因”; · 翻译技巧:将过去分词短语转译为原因状语 “受深厚的农耕文化与生态旅游资源驱动”,用 “受” 字明确被动原因,符合汉语 “原因状语前置” 习惯(摘要 1 “转译为分句”); · 易错点规避:避免误写为 “Fueling...”(主动关系不成立,村庄无法 “主动驱动” 自己,需用过去分词表被动)。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司6 / 31 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题06  非谓语动词(复习讲义)(上海专用)2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测
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专题06  非谓语动词(复习讲义)(上海专用)2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测
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专题06  非谓语动词(复习讲义)(上海专用)2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测
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