题型四 阅读理解-【决胜中考】2025年中考英语全程复习配套课件（安徽专版）

英语 返回目录 题型四　阅读理解 名师精讲 01 针对性练习 02 名师精讲 返回目录 精讲一：阅读理解的题型认识 “阅读理解”是指阅读所给的文字材料，通过认识语言形式与结构而获取文字信息，掌握其主要内容并理解其含义的过程。 名师精讲 返回目录 阅读理解对体裁的考查较多样，多为记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文。有时也会涉及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等。总之对于体裁的考查不会太单一。而文章的题材内容也比较丰富，一般会有小故事、日常生活事件、报纸杂志内容、文化习俗、名人逸事等。这就需要考生在平时对各方面的知识都有所积累。 名师精讲 返回目录 精讲二：解题方法技巧 在做英语阅读时，首先通读全文，不要被某个或某些自己不熟悉的单词所困扰，了解大概意思。然后看问题，带着问题精读全文，同时选择答案，必要时用排除法。注意，文章中一般都会有答案，有的可以直接找到。但平时多积累词汇量，答题便会更为主动、有把握。 以下为阅读理解题的方法和技巧： 名师精讲 返回目录 1.获取段落的主旨和大意。 最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章(或一段文字)通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的，而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫作主题句。 名师精讲 返回目录 2.根据上下文猜测词义。 猜测词义也是一种英语阅读能力。英语阅读理解试题中有不少这样的题目。任何一个实词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。上下文的作用就是帮助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子的意义。据此，我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。 名师精讲 返回目录 3.确定细节和事实。 在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点： (1)凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。 (2)干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案的细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。 名师精讲 返回目录 4.进行合理推断。 所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。需要推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。 名师精讲 返回目录 (2024·安徽) During their busy lives， people do not pay much attention to the expiry dates(有效期) on the food in their fridges. As a result， a lot of food is forgotten about and wasted. However， according to a recent research， being aware of(意识到) what you throw away can help you waste less. 名师精讲 返回目录 The researchers measured(计量) food waste from 154 families across the UK. Half of these families in the research were asked to list the fruits and vegetables they had bought and their expiry dates. The families stuck the list on the fridge door and received a text message every day telling them to check it. The other half did not have to make a list and did not receive text messages. Over a six-week period， all the families were asked to measure their food waste at the end of each week. 名师精讲 返回目录 The researchers were surprised to find that making lists and getting texts made little difference to how much food was wasted. However， each family in the research wasted less food—about 0.1 kilo a week. The researchers carried on the research for six months， and found that all the families continued to waste less food. This shows that just measuring food waste encourages people to pay closer attention to it and throw less away. 名师精讲 返回目录 (　 )63.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to(指的是)？ A. The research. B. The list. C. The door. D. The message. 名师精讲 返回目录 (　 )64.What is introduced in Paragraph 3 about the six-week research？ A. Its purpose.　　 B. Its method. C. Its steps. D. Its results. (　 )65.Which of the following is the best title(标题) for the text？ A. Measure Food Waste to Stop It B. Pay Attention to What You Buy C. Check the Food Before Storing It D. Give Thought to Your Busy Life 名师精讲 返回目录 ［解析］63.B　代词指代题。根据第二段“The families stuck the list on the fridge door and received a text message every day telling them to check it.”可知，这些家庭把食物清单贴在冰箱门上，并且被告知需要每天检查清单。故此处it指代上文中提到的“清单”。 64.D　细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers were surprised to find that making lists and getting texts made little difference to how much food was wasted.”可知，本段主要介绍了研究的结果。 名师精讲 返回目录 65.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于食物浪费的研究，研究发现，只要监测食物浪费情况就可以减少食物的浪费，所以A选项“测量食物浪费来阻止它”作为标题最合适。 ［答案］63—65　BDA 名师精讲 返回目录 A(2024·江西改编) Ed was a professional football player， but in 2017 he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that， he couldn’t move his body from the shoulders down. 针对性练习 返回目录 Doctors told him that he’d probably never walk again， but Ed didn’t want to believe this. He had recently got engaged(订婚) to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He spent six days staring at his toes(脚趾) and trying to make them move—and， finally， he succeeded！ This was the start of a long journey. 针对性练习 返回目录 While in hospital， Ed met Paul， a man in his late thirties. Doctors had also told Paul he would never walk again， but Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later， Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick. Only a year after his accident， Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6，500-meter mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements. 针对性练习 返回目录 Two years later， 31-year-old Ed climbed 8，848 meters， the height of the world’s highest mountain， by going up and down his parents’ stairs 2，783 times. When he finished， he told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was “painful” and “boring”. He also raised ￡46，000 for charity. Ed hopes his story can help people. That’s why he started his own charity， M2M， which aims to support “people facing challenges in life.” 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )1.Who did Ed want to get better mainly for？ A. His parents.　　 B. His doctor. C. His friend. D. His wife. D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to？ A. Raising money. B. Doing new movements. C. Visiting parents. D. Going up and down stairs. D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )3.What would be the best title for the passage？ A. A Football Player B. A Challenge Lover C. A Charity Worker D. A Mountain Climber B 针对性练习 返回目录 B(2024·河北) Mike， a 12-year-old boy， lived in a hillside village. His neighboring village was famous because of a great discovery there. In 2003， paleontologists(古生物学家) found the bones(骨头) of the largest dinosaur(恐龙) in Europe in a field near his neighboring village. 针对性练习 返回目录 Mike liked dinosaurs more than anything else in the world. He also believed that there was an amazing dinosaur bone under the ground of his own village. His dream was to be the first person to find it. One summer morning， Mike was exploring(勘查) in a field near a river. He looked up to see his two friends Fern and Pepe running toward him with a colorful kite. Mike enjoyed playing with his friends and began to fly the kite with them. As he ran， he fell to the ground. “I caught my left foot on this grey object，” he said. 针对性练习 返回目录 “A rock，” said Fern. Mike looked at it carefully. “I don’t think it’s a rock，” he said excitedly. “Let me pull it out，” said Pepe. “No，” said Mike. “It’s better to leave the object right here.” 针对性练习 返回目录 Mike and the boys ran to school to tell their teacher. The teacher called the paleontologist’s office. The next day， a paleontologist came to the village to examine the object. “It could be a dinosaur bone，” he said. Soon， many paleontologists came and more bones were found. They turned out to come from a new kind of dinosaur. Fern asked， “What do we call this dinosaur？” “Interesting question，” said one of the paleontologists， “we’ll call it Mikesaur！” 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )4.Why was Mike’s neighboring village well-known？ A. Scientists often visited it. B. It was the largest in Europe. C. High hills were behind it. D. A great discovery was made there. D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )5.What was Mike doing before he met his friends？ A. Flying a kite. B. Exploring in the field. C. Collecting grey objects. D. Giving a report to his teacher. B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )6.Why did Mike say “It’s better to leave the object right here.”？ A. He thought it was a rock. B. He thought it was a common bone. C. He thought it was difficult to move. D. He thought it was something valuable. D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )7.What do you think most probably happened next？ A. Fern got an expensive gift. B. The teacher sent Pepe to hospital. C. Mike felt proud of himself. D. More people moved into this village. C 针对性练习 返回目录 C(2024·重庆A卷) Standing on the beach of Copacabana， I come to realize that any understanding of Brazil really begins on its beaches. Everyone here has his or her perfect beach and is ready to tell you where to find it. I’m happy to take people’s advice， but my final goal is to find my own dream beach. I head to Bahia， a place with Brazil’s best coastline. Over the centuries， people of many races have arrived here， creating a wonderful cultural mix. This mix influences Bahia’s language， food， music， and dance. 针对性练习 返回目录 On arriving at one of Bahia’s best beaches—Prainha， I discover its golden sand lined by a row of perfect trees， moving softly in the ocean wind. As I enter the water， I have the feeling of swimming through moonlight. Prainha’s beauty is like something you might see in a postcard. But for me， it’s a little too perfect. 　▲　  I continue my search， heading north to Maceió， a fisherman’s beach. Boats lie on their sides while nets hang out to dry on lines between fishermen’s houses. We eat on the beach and later rest near the table. It’s a great day， but I have one final place to visit. 针对性练习 返回目录 A few hundred kilometers out in the Atlantic， the islands of Fernando de Noronha are a national park， rich with birds and sea life. I visit a number of beaches on Fernando， but I leave the best one for last. The beach at Praia do Leão has perfect sand， sea and sky. The water is pale blue and warm， alive with colorful fish and other sea life； the sand is the color of honey. The rocks and strong winds have the touch of wildness I was looking for. I dig my toes in the sand deeply and imagine I can hold on to this place forever. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )8.Which is the first beach the writer visits？ A. Maceió. B. Praia do Leão. C. Prainha. D. Copacabana. D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )9.What can we learn from the passage？ A. Prainha is a popular beach for fishermen. B. Bahia is a place with a wonderful cultural mix. C. The islands of Fernando are very rich in honey. D. Maceió’s beauty is like something in a postcard. B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )10.Which sentence can be put in the 　▲　？  A. The beach I’m searching for needs to be a little wilder. B. The beach I’m looking for is a place for fishermen to fish. C. The beach I’m searching for needs to be famous to tourists. D. The beach I’m looking for is popular with parents and children. A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )11.What is the best title for this passage？ A. An Unknown Beach B. Memories of Vacation C. The Perfect Beach D. A Tour of Education C 针对性练习 返回目录 D(2024·湖北改编) The Smiths woke up earlier than usual. There was something about hiking(远足) that made them feel wide awake and excited to start the day as their eyes were open. The family had a simple breakfast. They discussed the plan for the day at table. “Dad and I looked at a map last night，” said Mrs. Smith. “We found a nearby trail(小径). There are many interesting things along the way， and best of all， there will be a surprise at the end of the trail.” 针对性练习 返回目录 “What kind of surprise？” asked Jenny. “It won’t be a surprise if we tell you，” laughed her mom. “The sooner you get ready to go， the sooner you’ll find out.” They set out for hiking soon. It was a good day for seeing wildlife. Along the trail， the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around. Hearing a noise in the grass， they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail. After a while， Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees and Mr. Smith took photos before they ran away. 针对性练习 返回目录 Then， they continued their hiking. Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen on the way. At this moment， they came to an open area with some small pools. The kids’ eyes grew wide. They looked at their parents. “Is this the surprise？” asked Mike in excitement. Mr. and Mrs. Smith smiled as they walked over to one of the small pools. Steam(蒸汽)rose into the air. “They’re hot springs(温泉)，” explained Mr. Smith. “The heat is produced from inside Earth.” 针对性练习 返回目录 “Could we have a bath(洗澡) in the spring if we have our bathing suits，” asked Jenny. Mrs. Smith nodded. “Your bathing suits are in the bag.” She laughed， putting her feet into the spring water. “I can’t believe it！Mom and Dad. This is a great surprise.” Jumped Jenny. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )12.Which is the right order of the animals they saw on the way？ A. snakes→birds→rabbits→monkeys B. monkeys→snakes→birds→rabbits C. rabbits→snakes→monkeys→birds D. birds→rabbits→monkeys→snakes D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )13.What does the underlined word “surprise” refer to(指代)？ A. An open area. B. The hot spring. C. A nearby trail. D. The heat from inside Earth. B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )14.Why did the family make the plan for the day？ A. To take photos. B. To enjoy nature. C. To watch birds. D. To protect wildlife. ( )15.What is the best title for the passage？ A. A Natural Bath B. A Lucky Family C. A Humorous Mom D. A Beautiful Pool A B 针对性练习 返回目录 E(2024·天津) The Internet is often used to buy and sell products， pay bills， and communicate with people. But how safe is it when you use the Internet？ Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences. 针对性练习 返回目录 Linda， 29， nurse： I pay all my bills online. One day， I received an email from my bank. It told me that someone was trying to take out money from my account(账号)， so I should email my password(密码) to the “bank manager”. I felt something was wrong， so I called my bank and asked about the email. The bank said they never sent it. I realised that someone tried to cheat(欺骗) me of my money. I’ll continue paying my bills this way， but I’ll be more careful. 针对性练习 返回目录 Emily， 22， office worker： I was at work， and I sent an email to a friend of mine. I was telling her about my problems with Mark， the manager. A few minutes later， a friend of Mark’s came over to my desk. He said， “So you think Mark is too strict？” My face was red. I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault， so I’ll look over my emails more carefully before I click “Send” next time. 针对性练习 返回目录 Thomas， 21， university student： I love the Internet！I look up lots of information online. I often buy things on the websites—furniture， clothes， CDs， even foods. I have also sold some of my things on the Internet. I only use the websites I trust and I’ve never had a safety problem. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )16.Where is the passage taken from？ A. A diary. B. A novel. C. A magazine. D. A history book. C 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )17.Linda probably got the email from a person who 　　　.  A. refused to lend money to her B. asked about her experiences C. sold things to her on the websites D. tried to cheat her of her money D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )18.Who shared enjoyable experiences according to the passage？ A. Linda.　　 B. Emily. C. Mark. D. Thomas. ( )19.What is the best title of the passage？ A. The Internet： How Safe Is It？ B. The Bank： How Useful Is It？ C. The Website： How Cheap Is It？ D. The Magazine： How Amazing Is It？ A D 针对性练习 返回目录 F(2024·连云港) If you grew up in an unusual family and felt limited by heavy thoughts， how would you change your life story？ In the book Educated， the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times. 针对性练习 返回目录 The book talks about Westover’s life. Her father had a junkyard(废品场) in Idaho， US. It’s a very small mountain village. Tara and her brothers and sisters worked every day. Before she turned 17， she had never traveled outside. None of the kids in her family had ever been to a school or a hospital. As she got older， she felt that she needed to get away from this uncomfortable situation. Luckily， Westover’s older brother taught her to read. With hard work， Westover went to college on a scholarship， and later got a PhD(博士学位) in History at Cambridge University. 针对性练习 返回目录 Education changed her， her life， her way of thinking and even her luck. After reading the book， I come to feel the deepest thanks for my own family， and the education I got. Education allows girls like Westover to fly like birds toward their own goals. It allows us to get a different view， find new experiences， better understand others and explore the wider world. I wish for all of us to be like free and powerful birds， growing and changing through challenges and difficulties. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )20.What’s the writing purpose of Paragraph 1？ A. To attract readers’ interest. B. To collect Westover’s opinion. C. To show how to deal with hard times. D. To explain how to change one’s life story. A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )21.What can we learn about Westover’s life from Paragraph 2？ A. Her brother got a PhD in History. B. She changed her life with hard work. C. Her life in the village was comfortable. D. She left the small village in childhood. B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )22.What is the last paragraph mainly about？ A. Directions of birds’ flying. B. The ways of thinking. C. Experiences of girls’ growing. D. The power of education. ( )23.What is the text？ A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A science fiction. D. A reading plan. B D 针对性练习 返回目录 G(2024·陕西改编) When I was young， I loved paper cutting and I was pretty good at it. As I grew up， I became busy and didn’t have much time for it. Later， I stopped doing it. 针对性练习 返回目录 However， the news I came across online touched my heart and changed my mind. A little girl from Jieyang， Guangdong was practicing lion dance when a professional lion dance performance team(专业舞狮表演队) passed by. As soon as they saw the girl practicing， they started to beat drums and gongs for her and quickly she did a lion dance in return. People around all cheered for her. Her love for the ancient Chinese culture evoked my strong memories of paper cutting. 针对性练习 返回目录 I remembered the happy times of making paper cuttings with my teacher and friends in the club. When I was ten， I joined the paper cutting club. Every Monday and Friday， I learned to make paper cuttings there. Our teacher， Ms. Li， was very talented. With a pair of scissors and a piece of paper， she could create lively works(作品). That amazed us. And we learned much from her. Together， we created lots of works. They covered many topics， including animals， flowers and things about Chinese history. Every time we held a paper cutting show， our works attracted many visitors. The girl in the news encouraged me to go on with paper cutting. I want to be an inheritor(继承者) of the ancient Chinese culture. Together with other inheritors， I hope to pass down our excellent culture. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )24.What did the girl do after the team began to beat drums and gongs for her？ A. She watched their show carefully. B. She did a lion dance in return. C. She cheered for the team. D. She made a paper cutting for the team. B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )25.The underlined word “evoked” means“______” in Paragraph 2. A. brought back B. took away C. cut off D. depended on A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )26.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？ A. The long history of paper cutting. B. The steps of making paper cuttings. C. The writer’s happy times of making paper cuttings. D. The writer’s plans for setting up a paper cutting club. C 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )27.Which of the following is TRUE？ A. The writer wasn’t good at paper cutting at a young age. B. Now the writer practices paper cutting twice a week. C. The writer hopes to be an inheritor of paper cutting. D. After watching the news， the writer decided to learn lion dance. C 针对性练习 返回目录 H It’s really common to make careless mistakes， especially for students. How to stop？You can try the following advice. Think back to the mistake in time to make sure what caused the mistake first. Mistakes can’t happen without any reason. It you know why the mistake was made， you can correct the problem so that it’s less likely to happen again. As everyone knows， it’s truly essential to learn from mistakes. Only then can we go further. 针对性练习 返回目录 Get everything you need ready before you start on something. You’ll make fewer mistakes if you get everything ready. Take a few minutes to collect your tools or materials ahead of time. When you start， you’ll be able to focus completely on the task rather than stop to look around for something you need. If you have to look for things after you’ve already started the task， it can take you much longer to get back into the task. Too many breaks can lead to an even greater risk of making mistakes. 针对性练习 返回目录 Give yourself enough time so that you don’t have to rush. If you leave something to the last minute， you’ll be under pressure to get it done. The stress must easily lead to mistakes. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )28.What should we do first after we make mistakes？ A. Forget all the mistakes. B. Find out the reasons. C. Correct the mistakes. D. Learn from mistakes. B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )29.What can we learn from Paragraph 3？ A. We should focus our attention on the task. B. We can have a short rest during the task. C. We can’t look around before the task. D. We can’t stop when we get everything ready. A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )30.Which of the following may lead to mistakes according to the text？ A. Sleeping well. B. Having a good rest. C. Rushing to do something. D. Getting everything ready. C 针对性练习 返回目录 I(2024·肥西县二模) Ordering takeouts(外卖) is very popular nowadays because it is convenient. More than 60 percent of the people in China order takeout food at least twice a week. What about people living in ancient times？Did they eat takeouts？ In fact， there was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. According to history books， Emperor Xiaozong(1127—1194)， liked to order takeouts late at night. His servants(仆人) went around the city to pick up the dishes and bring them back to the palace. 针对性练习 返回目录 Common people also ordered takeouts. Restaurant workers would go out into the streets and yell out which dishes could be ordered that day. After hearing the waiters， people could then place an order. Later， takeout workers would bring food to their homes. In the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival(《清明上河图》)， a takeout worker can be seen with food in hand. 针对性练习 返回目录 People at that time even had a special meal box for takeout dishes. It was a long box which was made of wood with several layers(层). People also used warming plates made of two layers of china. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )31.According to the passage， takeout has a long history of about 　　　years in China.  A. 900　　　 B. 1，000 C. 1，500 D. 2，000 ( )32.The underlined word “yell” probably means 　　　. A. give B. find C. throw D. shout D A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )33.From the passage we can infer(推断) that 　　　.  A. eating midnight food was popular in the Song Dynasty B. every emperor in the Song Dynasty liked ordering takeouts C. there was no need to order takeout ahead of time in ancient China D. people used special china boxes for takeout dishes in ancient China D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )34.Which can be the best title for this passage？ A. Takeouts in ancient China B. The emperor who liked takeouts C. The advantages of ordering takeouts D. Ways to order takeouts in ancient China A 针对性练习 返回目录 J When you go outside， what do you see？ Do you see the grass， or do you see the little flower looking out between the rocks？ Looking and thinking about the outside world is a kind of science. It’s called natural history. It goes back to ancient times. Scientists at the time started to look at the diversity(多样性) of the natural world. 针对性练习 返回目录 Over time， more and more “naturalists” got busy studying， collecting and organizing the world’s animals， plants and rocks. They tried to put together the “puzzle(谜)” of life on Earth， and even the whole universe. 针对性练习 返回目录 Today， natural history museums around the world give people a place to think about natural history. But this is only a starting point. In China， interest in natural history is very high right now. From natural history books and apps to environmental groups and activities， people are showing great interest. This is happening as China is working to make a greener world. 针对性练习 返回目录 Nowadays， natural history is seen as a kind of life style. People like to think about it together with other things， such as art， writing， food and travel. It’s good for the mind and body. We need naturalists now more than ever. The puzzle of life on Earth is still not done， and it’s changing quickly. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )35.What can we learn from Paragraph 1？ A. What natural history is. B. When natural history started. C. Why natural history is important. D. How scientists studied natural history. A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )36.How do people show great interest in natural history？ A. By building more natural museums. B. By reading more natural history books. C. By taking part in more outside activities. D. By collecting more animals， plants and rocks. B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )37.Why do we need naturalists more than ever？ A. Because natural history is a kind of lifestyle. B. Because there are fewer and fewer naturalists. C. Because the puzzle of life is changing quickly. D. Because people put natural history with others together. C 针对性练习 返回目录 K A little river ran down from a high mountain through many villages and forests. Then it reached a desert. “I went through so many difficulties. I should have no problem crossing the desert，” she thought. As she started， she found herself slowly disappearing into the sand. After many tries， she still failed. 针对性练习 返回目录 At this time， a deep voice said， “if a wind can cross the desert， so can a river.” It was the voice of the desert. But the little river answered， “That’s because a wind can fly， but I can’t.” “That’s because you can’t give up what you are. Let yourself evaporate(蒸发) into the wind， and it can take you across，” said the desert. 针对性练习 返回目录 “Give up what I am now？ No！ No！ ” The little river could not accept this idea. “The wind can carry the vapor(蒸汽) across the desert and let it leave as rain. The rain will form a river again，” said the desert. “And whether you’re a river or vapor， your nature never changes.” Hearing this， the little river went into the open arms of the wind. It carried her to the next step of her life. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )38.What did the little river think when she reached a desert？ A. She thought she couldn’t cross the desert. B. She started to worry about herself. C. She thought she knew well about the desert. D. She believed she could cross the desert. D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )39. What does the underlined word “it” refer to？ A. The desert. B. The wind. C. The nature. D. The little river. ( )40. What did the little river do in the end？ A. Crossed the desert. B. Stopped trying. C. Failed to get to the ocean. D. Died. A B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )41. What is the main idea of the story？ A. The road to success is not always easy. B. We should do the right thing whatever others say. C. To succeed， we should change the way we used to be. D. Our lives can be as difficult as the little river’s. C 针对性练习 返回目录 L(2024·安庆二模) Titles like “taoli” and “quanzi” have rooted(根植于) themselves deeply into ancient Chinese history and culture. Let’s have a look. 针对性练习 返回目录 Modesty and respect Chinese people often call their sons quanzi. When Chinese parents use quanzi to refer to their sons， they are being modest(谦虚的). Of course， most parents have high expectations for their children and want them to be successful. However， they don’t usually talk about this in front of others. Instead， they try to play it down. This is similar to that even rich Chinese people may call their big houses hanshe.   针对性练习 返回目录 Although people are modest about themselves， they praise others a lot. They call their own sons quanzi， but others’ sons linglang， which is a respectful way to say “your son”. 针对性练习 返回目录 Spreading seeds(种子) of education There is a Chinese idiom(俗语) taoli mantianxia， referring to a teacher who has taught so many students that they spread across the country like peach and plum trees(桃树和李树). The idiom comes from a story about Zizhi. As a teacher， Zizhi was both kind and strict. He often pointed at a peach and plum tree in his yard when asking his students to work hard. “You should become a useful person to benefit society， just like when the peach and plum trees bloom(开花) and produce fruit，” he said. 针对性练习 返回目录 Keeping these words in their minds， many of Zizhi’s students went on to different places around the country， achieving great things along the way. Since then， “peach and plum trees” has been used to refer to students who have been successful in their jobs. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )42.Why do Chinese people call their sons “quanzi”？ A. To show their love of dogs. B. To praise their sons. C. To be modest about themselves. D. To respect themselves. C 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )43.What does the underlined phrase “play it down” mean in Chinese？ A. 把……放下来 B. 轻描淡写 C. 和善地对待 D. 放低身段 ( )44.How do you call others’ sons when you meet them？ A. Quanzi.　 B. Linglang. C. Hanshe. D. Taoli. B D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )45.Which of the following is True according to the passage？ A. Hanshe means my cold house. B. Quanzi is a respectful way to say “your son”. C. Zizhi was kind and encouraged his students to work hard. D. “Peach and plum trees” has been used to refer to teachers who have been successful. C 针对性练习 返回目录 M(2024·芜湖三模) When you eat something， your stomach breaks down its large molecules(分子) into smaller ones. Many people like to eat pineapples. So when you eat pineapples， they can “eat” you by breaking down the molecules that make up the cells(细胞) in your body. 针对性练习 返回目录 Pineapples have certain enzymes(酶) that can break down proteins(蛋白质). Many smaller molecules like the pearls(珍珠) come together to form the long pearl necklace of a protein. You can cut a necklace with scissors. In the same way， the enzymes in pineapples “cut up” proteins. 针对性练习 返回目录 All living things have proteins. They are an important part of the cells in your body. If an enzyme can break down a protein， it can break down cells as well. So will the cells of your tongue(舌头) when you eat pineapple. This is why your mouth will hurt if you eat too much pineapple. But luckily， the cells in your tongue cure itself fast. And after you have swallowed the pineapple， the special enzymes will be broken down by your stomach. It won’t “eat” you anymore. 针对性练习 返回目录 Why does pineapple have these enzymes？ In fact， the enzymes in unripe(未成熟的) pineapple are stronger than those in ripe pineapple. Therefore， some scientists believe that they are created by the plant to prevent animals from eating its unripe fruit. Once the fruit is ripe， its enzymes won’t hurt an animal’s tongue and the fruit will be okay to eat. 针对性练习 返回目录 Another reason is that the enzymes help the seed to grow up. They play an important role in sending messages to the cells of the plant. These messages tell the cells when to start and stop growing. Without these enzymes， the seed may not be able to properly develop. 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )46.How does a pineapple “eat” you？ A. By changing into a monster that eats people. B. By cutting a necklace with a pair of scissors. C. By breaking down its large molecules into smaller ones. D. By breaking down the molecules that make up the cells in your body. D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )47.Why will your mouth hurt if you eat too much pineapple？ A. Because the pineapples contain proteins. B. Because there are special cells in your mouth. C. Because the enzymes will break down the cells of your tongue. D. Because the proteins will break down the cells of your tongue. C 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )48.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refer to？ A. Fruits. B. Enzymes. C. Plants. D. Proteins. ( )49.What is the best title for the passage？ A. Do You Eat Pineapples？ B. How Pineapples Grow up？ C. Why Pineapples Are Delicious？ D. Can Pineapples “Eat” You？ D B 针对性练习 返回目录 N My dad only had an eighth grade education. In his life， the only thing he knew was to make money and pay for family bills. In a summer， a neighboring farmer invited me to work on his farm. That day， I watered flowers and picked apples from the trees. It was tiring work， but I got ten dollars. I decided to use the money to buy something for myself. 针对性练习 返回目录 Arriving home， I told my dad how much money I got and my plan of spending money. He said， “I’m glad you made money on your own. A job is a big step to growing up. It’s important for yourself， and for our family.” Suddenly， I understood the meaning behind his words： I just cared about myself. 针对性练习 返回目录 My growth and our whole family had been depending on the hard work of my dad！ Dad never said no to this！ I had worked for only one day， but how many years my father had worked！ Next morning， I proudly took out my own money and handed it to Dad with a smile. And my dad said， “My dear son， I am so proud of you and please remember： the meaning of family life is to do something for each other.” 针对性练习 返回目录 50.Who invited the writer to work on the farm？ (不超过5个词) ______________________________________________________ 51.How much money did the writer make in the summer？ (不超过5个词) ______________________________________________________ 52.What did the writer’s father want him to remember？ (不超过15个词) ______________________________________________________ The meaning of family life is to do something for each other.  Ten dollars.  A neighboring farmer.  针对性练习 返回目录 O Once upon a time， there was a wise old man. He lived in the mountain. People respected him because he could always give the right answer to any question. 针对性练习 返回目录 One day， a naughty(调皮的) boy from a village wanted to trick(捉弄) the old man， so he caught a tiny bird and held it in his hands. Then， he called his friends together. He said， “Let’s trick the old man. I’ll ask him what I’m holding in my hands. Of course， he’ll answer that I have a bird. Then I will ask him whether the bird is living or dead. If he says it is dead， I’ll open my hands and let the bird fly away. If he says the bird is living. I’ll kill the bird. Either way， he’ll be wrong.” 针对性练习 返回目录 The children agreed that this was a clever plan. Up the hill they met the old man. “Dear man， we have a question for you.” they all shouted. “What’s in my hands？” asked the little boy. “Well， it must be a bird.” replied the old man. “But is it living or dead？” the boy continued. The old man thought for a moment and then replied， “That depends on you， my child. I believe your kindness will bring you the correct answer.” Then the boy’s face turned red. 　　　.  The old man smiled. 针对性练习 返回目录 53.Where did the old man live？ (不超过5个词) ______________________________________________________ 54.Why did the boy catch the bird？ (不超过10个词) ______________________________________________________ 55.What would the boy do in the end？ (不超过 10个词) ______________________________________________________ The boy let the bird fly away.  Because the boy wanted to trick the old man.  He lived in the mountain.  针对性练习 返回目录 P(2024·苏州) In his lovely piece of writing“Why Write？”， the writer Paul Auster shares a story about growing up as an eight-year-old in New York City. He was crazy about baseball， especially the New York Giants. The only thing he remembers about attending his first major league baseball game is that he saw his hero Willie Mays after the game. The young Auster gathered his courage and went close to his hero. “Mr. Mays，” he said， “could I please have your autograph(签名)？” 针对性练习 返回目录 “Sure， kid， sure，” Mays replied kindly. “Have you got a pencil？” Auster didn’t have a pencil on him， neither did his father or his mother or anyone else in his group. Mays waited patiently， but when it became clear that no one present had anything to write with， he said， “Sorry， kid. We’ve got no pencil. I can’t give you my autograph.” 针对性练习 返回目录 From that day on， Auster made it a habit to never leave the house without a pencil in his pocket. “It’s not that I had any special plans for that pencil，” Auster writes， “but I didn’t want to be unprepared. I had been caught empty-handed once， and I wasn’t about to let it happen again. The years have taught me this： If there’s a pencil in your pocket， there’s a good chance that one day you’ll feel like starting to use it. That’s how I became a writer.” 针对性练习 返回目录 What is your pencil？What is so important that without it you feel unprepared？I know some cartoonists always carry pen and paper and some photographers always have a camera in their pockets. They are always prepared. Pick your“pencil” and don’t leave home without it. 针对性练习 返回目录 56.To get Willie Mays’ autograph， what did Auster need？ (不超过5个词) _____________ 57.What habit did Auster form after that day？(不超过15个词) ____________________________________________________ 58.What do you think of Auster’s habit？Why do you think so？ (不超过15个词) ___________________________________________________ I think it’s helpful. Because this habit helps him become a writer.  Never leave his house without a pencil in his pocket.  A pencil.  针对性练习 返回目录 谢谢观看 返回目录 $