专题十四 复合句-【决胜中考】2025年中考英语全程复习配套课件（安徽专版）

英语 返回目录 专题十四　复合句 语法导图 01 核心考点精讲 02 针对性练习 03 语法导图 返回目录 语法导图 返回目录 考点一　宾语从句 置于动词、介词等后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。 1.宾语从句的用法 (1)以that引导的宾语从句： that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，通常that可以省略。 He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 (2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句： 从属连词if， whether引导的宾语从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if 都可译为“是否”。 I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。 接带to的动词不定式或与or not连用时，一般只用whether不用if。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 (3)特殊疑问词what/when/where/who等引导的宾语从句： 此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，who， whom， what， which等连接代词和where， when， why等连接副词作为引导词，有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。 He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里待多长时间。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 2.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。 I don’t know what they are looking for. 我不知道他们正在寻找什么。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 3.宾语从句的时态 (1)主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。 (2)主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。 (3)当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 (2024·常州)—Could you tell me ______？ —Sorry， I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the instructions first？ A. where can I buy a home robot B. where I can buy a home robot C. how can I turn the home robot on D. how I can turn the home robot on 核心考点精讲 返回目录 ［解析］宾语从句需用陈述句语序，A、C两项都是疑问句语序，可排除。根据答语句意“对不起，我以前从来没有过家用机器人。为什么不先读说明书呢？”可知，此处应是问如何打开机器人，所以引导词应用How“怎样、如何”，where“哪里”是询问地点的，所以排除B选项。 ［答案］D 核心考点精讲 返回目录 考点二　状语从句 从句 引导词 例句 时间 状语 从句 when，while， as，before，after，since，as soon as， until She was cooking when someone knocked at the door. 她正在做饭，这时有人敲门。 I didn’t go to bed until she came back.直到她回来我才睡觉。 条件 状语 从句 as long as， unless I’ll go to see you if I have time.如果我有时间，我会去看你。 They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.他们下周日将去野炊，除非下雨。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 从句 引导词 例句 原因 状语 从句 because， as，since， for He didn’t catch the first bus because he got up too late. 他没有赶上第一班公交车，因为他起得太晚了。 We should study hard since we are students.我们既然是学生就应该努力学习。 目的 状语 从句 so that， in order that Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it. 请大声说出来，这样每个人都能听到。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 从句 引导词 例句 结果 状语 从句 so that， so ... that， such ... that It’s so hot that we want to go swimming. 天气太热了，我们想去游泳。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.这是一个很重的箱子，没有人能把它搬走。 让步 状语 从句 though/ although， even if He would not be unhappy though he should have to live alone. 就算要一个人住，他可能也不会不开心。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 从句 引导词 例句 比较 状语 从句 than， as ... as， not as/ so ... as He ran as fast as Mike. 他跑得和Mike一样快。 地点 状语 从句 where， wherever Some people enjoy themselves wherever they are. 有些人无论在哪里都很开心。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 (2024·河北)Jeff still works hard ______he has achieved great success. A. if B. before C. though D. because ［解析］根据句意“Jeff仍然努力工作……他取得了巨大的成功。”可知，前后之间构成转折关系，指尽管Jeff已经取得了巨大的成功，但他仍然努力工作，因此用though引导让步状语从句。 ［答案］C 核心考点精讲 返回目录 考点三　定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导。 1.关系代词的基本用法 指代对象作用 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 whose 核心考点精讲 返回目录 Do you know the girl who/that has won the first prize in the singing competition？ 你认识歌唱比赛中获得一等奖的那个女孩吗？ Philosophy is a subject (which/that) I know little about. 哲学是我了解较少的学科。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 2.关系副词的基本用法 关系副词 先行词 充当成分 when day，year，time ... 时间状语 where the place，the city ... 地点状语 why the reason 原因状语 Tom got married in 2000 when he was 28. 2000年Tom结婚了，当时他28岁。 This is the village where I was born. 这是我出生的村子。 This is the reason why I was late. 这就是我迟到的原因。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 3.关系代词 that和which的用法区别 (1)当先行词是不定代词all， much等，或者被这些词修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。 I’ve read all the books that my mother bought for me. 我已经读完了妈妈给我买的所有的书。 (2)当先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。 This is the most exciting movie that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最令人兴奋的电影。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 (3)当先行词被the only， the last， the same， the very等词修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。 This is the only book that was written by him. 这是唯一一本由他写的书。 (4)当先行词既指人又指物时，只能用that引导定语从句。 They are talking about the school and the teachers that they visited yesterday. 他们正在讨论他们昨天参观的学校和拜访的老师们。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 (5)当关系代词前有介词时，只能用which引导定语从句。 This is the house of which the windows face south. 这是那座窗户朝南的房子。 (6)当先行词是that， those时，只能用which引导定语从句。 What’s that which was put in the car？ 放在汽车里的那个东西是什么？ 核心考点精讲 返回目录 (2024·泸州)A true friend is a person ______will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A. what B. which C. who D. whom ［解析］先行词是“person”，指人，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用that/who。 ［答案］C 核心考点精讲 返回目录 考点四　并列复合句 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，叫作并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。常见的并列连词有and， but， or， so等。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行的关系，它们之间用连词连接。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 常用连词 (短语) 意义及 用法 例句 and 表并列、递进或顺承，意为“和，而” I help him with English and he helps me with math.我帮他学英语，他帮我学数学。 but 表转折，意为“但是” I think it’s a good chance，but he doesn’t think so.我认为这是个好机会，但是他不这么认为。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 常用连词 (短语) 意义及用法 例句 or 表不做某事的后果，意为“否则，要不然” Study hard，or you may fail in the exam.努力学习，要不然你可能会考试不及格。 表选择，意为“还是，或者” Is Mary older than you or is she younger than you？Marry是比你大还是比你小？ so 表结果，意为“所以，因此” He told me to phone you，so I did.他让我给你打电话，所以我就打了。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 常用连词 (短语) 意义及 用法 例句 for 表原因，意为“因为” My boss is waiting for the result，so I can’t leave now.我的老板在等结果，所以我现在不能离开。 not only ... but(also)... 表递进，意为“不但……而 且……” She is not only a great singer but she is also very helpful.她不但是一位伟大的歌手，而且非常乐于助人。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 常用连词 (短语) 意义及 用法 例句 either ... or ... 意为“要么……要么……” Either you can talk to him，or I will.要么你和他谈，要么我来。 neither ... nor ... 意为“既不……也不……” Neither is Tom hard-working，nor is Jack. Tom和Jack都不勤奋。 核心考点精讲 返回目录 (2024·宿迁)Mr. Hong has helped me improve my handwriting a lot， ______I want to thank him with my fantastic works. A. as B. but C. so D. or ［解析］根据句意“洪先生帮了我很多来提高我的书法水平”以及“我想用我精彩的作品来感谢他”可知，前后是因果关系，用so。 ［答案］C 核心考点精讲 返回目录 ( )1.(2024·天津)—Could you tell me ______？ —He likes the Science Museum best. A. when Kevin visited the museum B. which museum Kevin likes best C. when did Kevin visit the museum D. which museum does Kevin like best B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )2.(2024·遂宁)—Do you know anything about One Belt One Road？ —Yes， it 　　　over 10 years since it started.  A. was　　　　　 B. had been C. is D. has been D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )3.—Tom， 　　　you learn English well， you will forget it unless you use it.  —OK. I’ll keep practicing. A. even if B. so that C. because of D. in order to ( )4.—What kind of movies do you like best？ —I like the movies 　　　make me feel happy and relaxed.  A. what B. which C. who D. / B A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )5.(2024·扬州)______you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list，try a To-Don’t list. A. If B. Until C. Although D. Unless A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )6.(2024·宿迁)—Miss Song， I haven’t decided ______. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A. how will I go to Suqian Museum B. how I will go to Suqian Museum C. whether will I go to Suqian Museum D. whether I will go to Suqian Museum D 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )7.(2024·无锡)Everyone loves my dog Coffee， ______he often makes a mess at home. A. until B. since C. though D. whether ( )8.(2024·连云港)Our school life is more interesting now ______we can enjoy ourselves in different clubs. A. because B. whether C. unless D. although A C 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )9.(2024·河北)To know ______the mountain top looks like， you need to reach it. A. what B. when C. where D. which ( )10.Cindy went shopping in the supermarket this morning.I wonder 　　　.  A. how she went there B. when she went there C. why she went there D. where she went A A 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )11.—Do you know what happened last time？ —Sorry，I don’t know ______. A. that made him angry B. what made him angry C. what the matter was with him D. when he was angry B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )12.—The book Positive Discipline can share with parents some experience about ______a family can educate kids better. —It’s a useful book. The way parents choose to bring up children is very important. A. why B. when C. how D. where C 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )13.(2024·包河区二模)Steve turns off his phone before reading ______he can focus better on the story later. A. even if B. in order that C. now that D. as soon as B 针对性练习 返回目录 ( )14.(2024·新站区一模)—Learning a new language is like learning to swim. —Yes. ______we are trying our best，we’ll find it easy. A. Although B. Unless C. If D. Before C 针对性练习 返回目录 谢谢观看 返回目录 状语从句—复合句 $