Unit 2 Period 2 Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ) 要点内化课（教用Word）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册高中同步学案（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语“Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ)”要点内化，系统梳理核心词汇（如iconic, foundation, political）、短语（take notes, be based on）及重点句式（It's said that..., 介词+关系代词定语从句），通过语境填词、词形转换、短语应用等阶梯式练习搭建学习支架，衔接词汇拓展与句式剖析，助力学生夯实语言基础。 该资料以语境化设计提升语言能力，如结合澳大利亚地理文化案例（“down under”别称、多元文化人口）渗透文化意识，通过“介词+关系代词”定语从句结构分析培养思维品质。课中教师可依托迁移应用实例深化语法教学，课后练习题（单词拼写、语法填空）帮助学生查漏补缺，实现语言知识向运用能力的转化。

Period 2　Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ)　要点内化课 [素养目标] 1．Learn and grasp the following important new words ，phrases and expressions: iconic, foundation , political, located, equator, bakery, joint, entitle, hollow, straightforward, take notes, be based on ，make an impression. 2．Understand the following useful sentence patterns: It's said that...；...which /where... 3．According to the context, use new words, expressions and difficult sentences correctly. 4．Know more about iconic attractions in different places and tell the differences between different cultures. Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示写出单词 1．He found a rare medical herb (药草) in the forest. 2．We all consider koala is an iconic(符号的) animal of Australia. 3．The political(政治的) meeting is getting closer now. 4．We all know Premier(总理) Zhou is an outstanding politician. 5．At present these joints(公共场所)will be opened gradually. 6．A hollow(中空的) tree will easily fall down when the strong wind blows. 7．Suddenly the foundation of the city began to vibrate (震动)． 8．The young man is a straightforward (坦率的) person and always tells his truth in public. 9．The advertising slogan (口号)was a play on words. 10．I have learned the life of people who are living near the equator (赤道). Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．In fact the famous city is located (locate) in the southeast of China. 2．Many political (politics)affairs can be solved by peace talks. 3．A good relationship should be based on trust. Money shouldn't be the foundation (found)of friendship. 4．Famous people are_entitled (entitle) to a few failings, like the rest of us. 5．A Russian diver (dive) then clipped the board. 6．He only wants freedom (free), justice, and equality. 词　汇　 空　间 n.＋­al→adj. politics n. 政治； 政治学→political adj. 政治的 medicine n. 医药； →medical adj. 医疗的； 医学的 person n. 个人→personal adj. 个人的； 私人的 nature n. 自然； 自然界→natural adj. 自然界的 education n. 教育 →educational adj. 受过教育的； 有教养的 Ⅲ.根据语境选词填空 take notes, make an impression on, in contact with, be based on, do some research, refer to, can't wait to do sth., make up, share...with, on the other hand 1．On the one hand, she is very young. On_the_other_hand,_her parents are anxious to see her. 2．Before making a decision, you'd better do_some_research． 3．Although they live in different cities, they are still in_contact_with each other. 4．The old man can't_wait_to meet his missing daughter for years. 5．Children should learn to share their things with other children. 6．The young lady referred_to by Tom didn't recognize me at first. 7．In order to remember all the things that your teachers tell you in class, you'd better take_notes. 8．The new film is_based_on a true story. 9．Young ladies tend to make_up in the morning. 10．The famous professor made_an_impression_on us at the meeting. ； 1．The foundation of Australia(P14)澳大利亚的建立 　 ◆ foundation n．创建；基础；地基 The builders are now beginning to lay the foundations of the laboratory. 建筑工人现在正开始给实验室打地基。 【词汇拓展】 provide foundation for　 给……提供依据 found vt. 建立；创立 founder n. 创始人 The ancient civilisations of Central and Latin America were founded upon corn. 古代中美洲和拉丁美洲的文明社会是建立在玉米之上的。 Mr.Smith is the founder and president of the company. 史密斯先生是公司的创始人和总裁。 【迁移应用】 用found的适当形式填空 (1)Emotional conflict may shake the foundation(s) of even the strongest relationship. (2)Founded in New York，the Nathaniel Branden Institute grew to have branches in many cities. (3)He was one of the founders of the state. 2．Political divisions(P14) 政治分歧 　◆ political adj.政治的 Political news is often related to economic and social problems. 政治方面的新闻往往涉及经济问题和社会问题。 【词汇拓展】 politics n．　　　　 政治 politician n. 政治家 politically adv. 政治上 My brother majors in politics at the university. 我弟弟在大学主修政治。 He is widely regarded as the country's most skilful politician. 他被公认为这个国家最有手腕的政治家。 【迁移应用】 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1)She remains by far the most popular political(politics) figure in the country. (2)Shang Yang was a politician(politics) of the Qin state. (3)The reforms will bring benefits，socially and politically(political)． 3．Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe，it's often informally referred to as “down under”．(P14) (澳大利亚)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。 　◆ located adj.位于 The Forbidden City，which is located in the centre of Beijing，was the Chinese imperial palace from the mid­Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. 故宫位于北京市中心，是中国从明朝中期到清朝末期的帝王宫殿。 Located in Shandong Province，Mount Tai has long been a popular tourist attraction，with many Chinese legendary stories attached to it. 泰山位于山东省，长期以来一直是广受喜爱的旅游景点，许多中国传奇故事都与之有关。 【词汇拓展1】 be located in/at/between...　 位于…… locate vt. 　 找出……的准确位置 location n. 地点；(电影的)外景拍摄地 If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back. 如果我能找到那个鸟窝，我就可以把它放回去了。 The moment we've learned that you're collecting suggestions on the location of the art exhibition，we all come to life. 一得知你们正在征集艺术展出地点的意见，我们都积极活跃起来。 【迁移应用1】 用locate的适当形式填空 (1)Located in the South Pacific，its nearest neighbour is Pitcairn Island，which is 1，300 miles away. (2)The satellite enables us to calculate their precise location anywhere in the world. ◆ refer to查阅；谈到；涉及 Please refer to the dictionary if you don't know how to pronounce the word. 如果你不知道这个单词如何发音，请查字典。 The old soldier referred to his experiences during the Long March. 老战士谈到了长征时他的经历。 The term “classical music” is used to refer to a great variety of music. “古典音乐”这一术语被用来指多种音乐。 【词汇拓展2】 refer to...as...　　　　 把……称作…… refer to a book/dictionary 查阅书/字典 reference n. 参考；涉及；提到 in/with reference to 关于；至于 Academically，they are referred to as “living fossils”． 在学术方面，它们有“活化石”之称。 He summed up his philosophy，with reference to Calvin. 他总结了自己的哲学，还提及了加尔文。 【迁移应用2】 单句语法填空 (1)My friend insisted that the book our teacher referred to was worth reading. (2)I have nothing to say in reference (refer) to what has happened. (3)Your notes are excellent materials to_refer (refer) to when you are studying for a test. (4)People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”． 4．Bakeries，fast­food joints，butcher shops，cafes，and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world.(P14) 面包店、快餐店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆到处都提供世界上一些顶级的美食体验。 　◆ premier adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的n.总理；首相 He has paid a visit to Australian Premier. 他拜访了澳大利亚总理。 Britain is one of the premier aid givers in the world. 英国是世界上主要的援助提供国之一。 The company has achieved a premier position in the electronics field. 该公司在电子行业非常有名。 【迁移应用】 完成句子 (1)他已经赢得了该国首席小提琴独奏家的名誉。 He has acquired a reputation as this country's premier_solo_violinist． (2)他被看作国家最著名的诗人之一。 He is regarded as one of the country's premier_poets． 1．Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.(P15) 他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。 　【句式剖析】　本句是一个复合句。Most of their musical instruments...是主句，found on the ground是过去分词短语作定语修饰sticks，among which...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。 Pay attention to words，idioms，sentences and discourses，among which the most important is sentences. 要关注字词、习语、句子和语段，其中尤以研究句子为重。 My hobbies prove to be kind of too extensive rather than specialised，among which music is one. 我的爱好有点广而不精，音乐是其中之一。 【句式拓展】 (1)当先行词是指物的名词时，要用“介词＋which”；先行词是指人的名词时，要用“介词＋whom”。 This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飞行员。 Last Saturday evening，I went to Wu Dong's birthday party，in which I met a foreigner named Jim. 上周六的晚上我去参加了吴东的生日聚会，在那儿我遇到了一个叫吉姆的外国人。 (2)关系词作定语时，要用“介词＋whose＋名词”。 She came into the house，on whose wall there was a portrait of Einstein. 她进入了房间，房子的墙壁上有一张爱因斯坦的画像。 This is the man in whose room I found the beautiful vase. 这就是我在他房间里发现那个漂亮花瓶的人。 【迁移应用】 单句语法填空 (1)Better ways to fight world poverty are available，among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice. (2)We went to hear this famous singer，about whom we had heard many stories. (3)He is the student of whose brother we are always proud. 2．It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.(P15) 据说现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民不是在海外出生，就是他们的父母在海外出生。 　【句式剖析】　本句是个复合句。It is said是主句，其中It是形式主语，代替后面的that从句，who引导的是定语从句，修饰parents。either...or...意为“要么……要么……；或者……或者……”，用于连接两个性质相同的单词或短语。 We can finish the work either this week or next week. 要么这个星期要么下个星期，我们就可以完成这项工作。 Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge.I can't remember which. 布莱克博士要么来自牛津，要么来自剑桥，我记不清楚是哪个了。 【句式拓展】 (1)either...or...连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词通常和与其靠近的主语保持一致。 Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 Either he or you are responsible for what has happened. 要么他，要么你要对发生的事情负责。 (2)either...or...除可连接两个单词或短语外，有时也可连接两个句子。 Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you. 要么你改进工作，要么我就辞退你。 (3)either...or...的否定式可以是not either...or...，也可以是neither...nor...。 He didn't either write or phone. ＝He neither wrote nor phoned. 他既没写信也没打电话。 注意：英语习惯上不说either...or...not. 【误】Either he or his wife hasn't come. 【正】Neither he nor his wife has come. 他和妻子都没来。 【迁移应用】 完成句子 (1)那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。 When the girl is happy，she either_sings_or_dances． (2)你要么马上走，要么等到明天。 You must either go at once or_wait till tomorrow. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Generally speaking, a political leader should have a good nose for current affairs. 2．Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. 3．Asian countries have a good economic foundation and great potential. 4．In order to achieve this goal, we will strengthen our cooperation and make joint efforts. 5．A series of arrows indicate the way to the shopping mall. 6．What iconic(标志的) brands come to mind when you look around your space? 7．They had a barbecue(烧烤) last Sunday and enjoyed a pleasant time together. 8．The factory had its own hospital, bakery(面包店) and food stores. 9．We suspected the walls were hollow(中空的), and this proved to be the case. 10．New Zealand is a South Pacific country located midway between the equator(赤道) and the South Pole. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Uploading files is a little harder than I originally(original) expected. 2．There are some senior ministers(minister) present at the conference. 3．The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving(dive)． 4．I draw inspiration from everything I read and everyone I come in contact with. 5．Topics which can be discussed freely within a culture are referred to as“small talk”. 6．Whenever you have an aim you must sacrifice something of freedom(free) to attain it. 7．Every time a train went past the walls vibrated(vibrate)，which really made me annoyed. 8．Full­time employees are_entitled(entitle) to receive health insurance. 9．With a population of 2，272，100, Haikou, the capital city of Hainan, is_located(locate) in the north of Hainan. 10．He has laid a solid foundation(found) for his success by working hard. Ⅲ.短语填空 do research on; major in; along with; make up; be made from; consist of 1．Cooperating with his friends, he has been doing_research_on wildlife. 2．I don't know where to go for college, and what to major_in. 3．These eight planets, together with the sun, make_up what is called our solar system. 4．Note down these questions along_with the questions you found in the forums. 5．The container you use needs to be_made_from a special material in order to avoid leaking problems. 6．Hiking is an outdoor activity consisting_of walking in natural environments, often in mountainous areas. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $