课时作业(11) Unit 3 Period 3（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(十一)　Unit 3　Period 3 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A About 97% of the world's water is salty and is found in our oceans and seas.But, as we can't drink seawater, how can it be important? Every part of our seas and oceans contains an amazing number of animals and fish that live at different ocean depths. Most of the species of animals and fish depend on simple plants for their food. These simple plants called algae (藻类) drift near the surface of the ocean and use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen. In fact, algae produce over half of the oxygen people breathe. How important seawater is! Each plant or animal in our seas and oceans is an important link in a food chain.The algae are eaten in large amounts by tiny animals, which are in turn consumed by larger animals. These food chains are delicately balanced. The bad news about the food chains in the oceans is that they are under threat because of man. People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn't matter if we threw rubbish into them or caught huge quantities of fish and whales for food. But we now know this is not true and that the number of fish in the oceans has started to drop. Thankfully, the world is taking steps to protect the future of our oceans by introducing international agreements on protection. Most countries have introduced fishing restrictions (限制)to protect fish stocks in the oceans and new techniques are being used to deal with pollution. Finally, the importance of protecting oceans is being made known to more people. This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future. We depend on the oceans for fish, which is an important part of the human diet. How important seawater is! 【语篇解读】　本文为说明文，主要说明了海水的重要性。 1．People used to think that the rubbish thrown into the sea ________． A．wouldn't harm the fish in the sea B．would change the balance of the food chain C．would be broken down in the sea D．wouldn't do much harm to the sea 解析：选D　考查细节理解。由第四段中的“People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn't matter if we threw rubbish into them or caught huge quantities of fish and whales for food.”可知D项正确。 2．Which of the following is a way being used to protect oceans? A．Developing the seaside tourism. B．Forbidding fishing to protect fish stocks. C．Using former fishing techniques. D．Raising people's awareness of protecting oceans. 解析：选D　考查细节理解。由第五段中的“the importance of protecting oceans is being made known to more people”可知D项是为保护海洋而采取的一项措施。 3．What would be the best title of the passage? A．The Importance of Seawater B．Life in the Oceans C．How to Protect Food Chains D．How to Deal with Seawater Pollution 解析：选A　考查主旨大意。通读全文尤其是第一段中的“But, as we can't drink seawater, how can it be important？”第二段以及第五段中的“How important seawater is！”可知，本篇文章主要说明了海水的重要性，故最佳标题应选A。 B Scientists used to explore on the surface of ocean. Now they are exploring below the surface, too. They want to know about ocean water and the plant and animal life deep in the ocean. In 1934 the scientist William Beebe dived 3，000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball. In 1935 August Piccard dived 10，330 feet. In 1960 his son Jean dived to a depth of 35，800 feet. All these early dives were deep. But the divers could not stay down for very long. They had to come back up to the surface after a few seconds. Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below surface. Gradually they succeeded. Cousteau, a Frenchman, was able to keep men down to a depth of 36 feet for one month and to a depth of 90 feet for a week. Now scientists are developing even better equipment. With this new equipment, men can stay below the surface for days or even weeks. In 1962 Cousteau set up a research station 35 feet below the surface. Then in 1964 he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea. This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface. Many countries are now studying undersea living. The former Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. The United States has a laboratory 50 feet down on the ocean floor off the Virgin Islands. In 1970 five men lived there for two weeks. Then a team of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory. Next came other teams of men. All were there to explore the ocean depths and to make plans for the use of its resources. Scientists hope to find enough mineral, vegetable, and animal wealth there to provide food for the entire world. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。很早以前科学家们就致力于海底探索，但是都不能在水下停留很长时间。随着科学的发展，人类终于能在海底建造研究站、实验室并进行广泛的海底研究。 4．In order to ________， scientists are exploring below the surface of the ocean. A．know about the ocean water，plant and animal life deep in the ocean B．build laboratories under the sea C．know how to live in the sea longer D．develop better equipment 解析：选A　细节理解题。从第一段最后一句可知：他们(科学家们)想了解海水及深海动植物。本题中B、C两项均有一定干扰性。这两项的共同目的都是为了A项，所以排除。 5．Who made the deepest dive in the early days according to the passage? A．William Beebe.　 B．August Piccard. C．Jean Piccard. D．Cousteau. 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段可知，Jean是早期潜水最深的人。本题中D项为最大干扰项，Cousteau是第一个在海底36英尺停留一个月的人。 6．Who set up the first undersea station? A．A Frenchman. B．An American. C．A Russian. D．The passage made no mention. 解析：选A　细节理解题。第四段最后一句“这是第一个无需地面帮助就可进行操作的海底研究站”，“This”指的是前一句中，Cousteau在1964年建的又一个海底研究站，由此可知答案。而第二段中介绍cousteau时提到他为Frenchman。故选A。 7．We can infer from the passage that early divers went into the sea ________． A．to study the bottom of the sea B．with advanced equipment C．to get fish and other living things D．without better oxygen supply equipment 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第二段第一句可知William Beebe只是呆在装着空气的钢球里，而没有较好的供氧装备。本题中A项为最大干扰项。科学家们潜海的目的是想研究海洋中的生物——life below surface，而非bottom of the sea海底，所以A项错误。 Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I'm an ocean lover. Living in Montreal, far away from the ocean, makes it even more a dreamland for me. __1__ And I've been doing it for the last 20 years. When I was younger, I would pick up seashells and little stones and bring them back home. __2__ But as I visited the ocean more and more, I started picking up the garbage left by some people. I picked up less and less “ocean treasure”．__3__ I realized that a stone or seashell we find in the ocean had a wonderful color that makes us pick it up. But when it dries up one day, or we don't find what we have kept lovely anymore, what can we do then？__4__ At the same time, I also realized that natural things were nice in their natural environment. If everybody picked up every shell from the ocean, and left garbage there, the beach would become something not so nice very shortly. __5__ I would just “borrow” seashells or little stones from the ocean, and bring them back after a while, since the beauty of shells does so much good to me. I control the quantity and keep it to the smallest number. So if you've seen a lady picking up garbage and throwing shells back into the ocean from a box or a bag on a beautiful sunny day, don't feel strange. It was probably me. A．So I made a decision that day. B．I began to question my habits. C．I try to visit it at the very least, once a year. D．I will regret why I picked it up in the first place. E．I had lots of them on my shelves, floors and desks. F．The ocean influences life in California in many ways. G．Ocean lovers from all walks of life should come together to protect it. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者是个海洋爱好者，喜欢到海边捡起贝壳和小石头带回家。后来作者开始质疑自己之前的做法，开始反思，并做出了不同的决定。 1．解析：选C　根据空前可知作者是个海洋爱好者，对作者来说海洋更是一个理想世界，因为作者住在远离海洋的蒙特利尔。再根据空后可知，作者这样做已经有20年了。由此可知C项“我尽量每年至少去海边一次。”符合语境。故选C。 2．解析：选E　根据空前的“When I was younger, I would pick up seashells and little stones and bring them back home.(当我小的时候，我会捡贝壳和小石头，然后带回家。)”可知E项“我的书架、地板和书桌上有很多捡回来的贝壳和小石头。”承接前句。故选E。 3．解析：选B　根据空前的“...I started picking up the garbage left by some people. I picked up less and less ‘ocean treasure’．(我开始捡被一些人留下的垃圾，我捡到的‘海洋宝物’越来越少。)”可知，B项“我开始质疑自己的习惯。”符合语境。故选B项。 4．解析：选D　根据空前的“I realized that a stone or seashell we find in the ocean had a wonderful color that makes us pick it up. But when it dries up one day, or we don't find what we have kept lovely anymore, what can we do then？(我意识到，我们在海洋中发现的石头或贝壳有一种奇妙的颜色，这让我们把它捡起来。但是有一天当它干枯了，或者我们发现我们保存的东西不再美丽了，那时我们能做什么呢？)”可知，D项“我会后悔为什么我当初要捡起它。”承接上文。故选D。 5．解析：选A　根据空后的“I would just ‘borrow’ seashells or little stones from the ocean, and bring them back after a while, since the beauty of shells does so much good to me.(因为贝壳的美丽对我有很大的好处，我会从海里“借”贝壳或小石子，过一段时间再把它们还回去。)”可知，A项“所以那天我做了一个决定。”符合语境。故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months ago, I made a visit to Australia with my family. I knew I couldn't leave the surf capital of the world 1.______experiencing it, so I booked a group surf lesson when I was in Byron Bay, 2.______is a really popular place for professional surfers to go and catch some waves! We started off with a warm­up by doing some stretches and going for a jog along the beach; then we all 3.______(lie) down on our surfboards on the sand and practiced 4.______(jump) up to the standing position. After a couple of practice，we were ready to go out into the sea and try it out on the water. I have to admit that surfing is much 5.______(hard) than it looks——when you watch people from the beach, you feel they are surfing so 6.______(easy)! I had a couple of failed attempts to stand up, and then one of the 7.______(instruct)came to help me and held my board steady. 8.______(encourage) by him, I felt much better. Finally I started to get the hang of it and by the end of the lesson I could manage 9.______(stand)up on the board by myself. It was such 10.______awesome feeling that I couldn't wait to try it again! 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了几个月前，作者和家人去澳大利亚，并在那里学习了冲浪。 1．without　根据句意可知，此处应该用否定的介词，without含“没有”之意。句意：我知道我不能不体验它(冲浪)就离开这个冲浪之都…… 2．which　分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Byron Bay。句意：……所以我在拜伦湾的时候预订了一个团体冲浪课，那里是一个非常受专业冲浪爱好者欢迎的冲浪之地！ 3．lay　根据语境可知，此处是一般过去时，用动词过去式。句意：我们一开始先做了些伸展运动，沿着海滩慢跑热身，然后我们都躺在沙滩上的冲浪板上，练习跳起来呈站立姿势。 4．jumping　动词practice后接动名词作宾语。句意同上。 5．harder　根据后面的than可知，此处用形容词比较级。句意：我不得不承认，冲浪比它看起来要困难得多。 6．easily　此处用副词修饰动词surfing。句意：……当你从海滩上看人时，你会觉得他们冲浪如此容易！ 7．instructors　根据one of可知，此处用名词复数，根据上文中的I booked a group surf lesson可知，此处指冲浪教练。句意：我试了几次想站起来，但都失败了。这时，其中一名教练过来帮我，扶稳了我的板。 8．Encouraged　此处是过去分词短语作状语，逻辑主语I与encourage之间是被动关系。句意：在他的鼓励下，我感觉好多了。 9．to stand　动词manage后接动词不定式作宾语，manage to do sth.成功做某事。句意：最后，我开始掌握它的窍门，到这节课结束时，我可以自己站在冲浪板上了。 10．an　此处用不定冠词表泛指，awesome的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。句意：这种感觉太棒了，我迫不及待地想再试一次！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $