课时作业(6) Unit 2 Period 2（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(六)　Unit 2　Period 2 Ⅰ.阅读理解 When you visit Kinderdijk, one of the most visited villages in the Netherlands, you will step right into the middle of Dutch history. Kinderdijk is located in the Alblasserwaard where the Lek and Noord rivers meet together. Much of the village is near or even below sea level. Although there are canals and dykes(堤), the lowlands of the village are still at risk of flooding. Among the most deadly floods is Saint Elisabeth's flood in 1421, which killed thousands after the dykes broke in several places. To deal with this kind of problem, the Kinderdijk windmills(风车)were built around 1740 to move water from the lower areas to the higher ground and into the river. Nineteen of the 20 Kinderdijk windmills remain and were listed as a World Heritage Site in 1997. The windmills line the canals between the two rivers. Of the 19 windmills, 16 still have millers who live inside and control the huge sails(翼板)in the wind. These windmills continue to help manage the Netherlands' ongoing fight to stay above water. For tourists, boat tours are offered along the canals and walkways leading from the visitor center to the windmills. Two windmills serve as museums, filled with old millers' items and photos. You can climb up inside to see how the windmills work. The windmills also are working, so be prepared to feel the whole building shake when the sails turn in the wind. Each year, about 500，000 people visit the Kinderdijk windmills and the buildings have become a must­see on any trip to the Netherlands. “There are some windmills in the north of Amsterdam that were built for tourists, but we're a historical site where tourists come, so it's the other way around，” says Kinderdijk communications manager Peter Paul Klapwijk. “Tourism is a good way to support our site.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰著名的历史遗迹——金德代克风车群。 1．Why were the Kinderdijk windmills built around 1740? A．To protect dykes. B．To prevent floods. C．To produce clean water. D．To keep sea level from rising. 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“the lowlands of the village are still at risk of flooding”和“To deal with this kind of problem, the Kinderdijk windmills(风车) were built around 1740 to move water”可知，修建金德代克风车是为了防洪。 2．What can we learn about the Kinderdijk windmills? A．Most of them are working as before. B．Most of them have become museums. C．Several of them have been sold to millers. D．Several of them were destroyed long ago. 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第三段中的“Of the 19 windmills, 16 still...continue to help manage the Netherlands' ongoing fight to stay above water.”可知，现存的19座金德代克风车中有16座仍然正常工作。故选A。 3．What does the text mainly introduce? A．The traditions of the Netherlands. B．An amazing village. C．The history of Kinderdijk. D．A famous historical site. 解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从历史由来、现存状况、受欢迎程度等方面简要介绍了著名的历史遗迹荷兰金德代克风车群。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Venice is one of the most beautiful cities of the world. Venice is a cultural and tourist centre and is famous for its museums, architecture, cityscape and world of art. Only about 25% of Venice's 280，000 people live in the historical centre of the city. __1__ The main method of transportation between the islands is by taking boats that travel up and down the city's many canals. The main waterway is the Grand Canal, which winds through the heart of Venice. Hundreds of bridges connect the islands. __2__ The city's most famous church, Saint Mark's Basilica, and the Doge's Palace which was the home of Venice's rulers for hundreds of years, are the main attractions of the square. The square is a famous tourist attraction surrounded by cafes and vendors(小贩)． East of the historical centre on the outer part of the lagoon (环礁湖) is the Lido, a 10­km­long sandy island. __3__ The Venice Film Festival is one of the major annual film events that take place there. The location of the city at sea level and global warming have caused many problems for Venice. __4__ From November to February they cause a situation in which sea level rises up to one and a half metres and covers many of Venice's famous areas. Salt water from the sea has damaged the foundations of many buildings and constant repairs are necessary. __5__. Industries and tourism have steadily reduced the level of ground water in Venice, making foundations of buildings unstable. A．The city is full of tourists. B．The rest live on the mainland. C．The cost of living is also lower in Venice. D．Water gets into the buildings, and destroys the walls. E．It attracts thousands of beach­goers throughout the summer holidays. F．The central location of Venice is the Piazza San Marco or Saint Mark's Square. G．Over the centuries the Mediterranean town has been regularly flooded by tides. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了威尼斯是世界上最美丽的城市之一。威尼斯是一个文化和旅游中心，以博物馆、建筑、城市景观和艺术世界而闻名。 1．解析：选B　根据上文“威尼斯28万人口中只有约25%居住在这座城市的历史中心。”以及下文“岛屿之间的主要交通方式是乘坐在城市许多运河中上下穿梭的船只。”可知，其他人都居住在大陆。B项(The rest live on the mainland.)承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 2．解析：选F　根据下文可知，威尼斯最著名的圣马可大教堂和总督宫是广场的主要景点，而总督宫是威尼斯数百年来统治者的居所。由此可知，威尼斯的中心位置是圣马可广场。故F项(The central location of Venice is the Piazza San Marco or Saint Mark's Square.)符合题意。故选F。 3．解析：选E　在整个暑假期间它吸引了成千上万名海滩爱好者。E项中的beach­goers与上文中的sandy island相互照应。故选E。 4．解析：选G　根据上文“这座城市位于海平面的位置以及全球变暖给威尼斯带来了许多问题”以及下文“从11月到2月，它们造成了海平面上升到1.5米，覆盖了威尼斯许多著名地区的情况”可知，G项(Over the centuries the Mediterranean town has been regularly flooded by tides.)几个世纪以来，这座地中海城镇经常被潮水淹没，承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 5．解析：选D　根据上文可知，海水已经损坏了许多建筑物的地基，需要不断维修，由此可知，水进入建筑物，毁坏了墙壁。故D项(Water gets into the buildings, and destroys the walls.)符合题意。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空 At around 6：30 p．m. local time on April 15th in France, Notre Dame in Paris was on fire. According to the French newspaper Le Monde, the fire started in the attic(阁楼)and then __1__ to the roof. In the screams of people, the Gothic tower suddenly collapsed. “Paris was beheaded(斩首)！” Witnessing the fall of the tower, the 32­year­old Frenchman, Pierre, sent such a(n) __2__ to The New York Times. Notre Dame de Paris, which __3__ on the bank of the Seine, has been there for 769 years. Not only does Notre Dame have a large collection of wonderful works, but the building itself is __4__. As one of the premier tourist __5__ in the world, this church has about 13 million visitors a year. When the fire was still burning, the spokesperson of Notre Dame de Paris pessimistically told the media that the __6__ building of France __7__ “great destruction” because the inside part of the church belonged to medieval wood structure, so this fire was almost a __8__. At 9：30 that evening, the priceless colored glass “Rose” window in the cathedral was too hot and then broken. As the fire continued, a large number of people from Paris __9__ around Notre Dame. Watching the fire destroy the monument, some people couldn't help but cry, and some sang prayer songs for Notre Dame. After the fire, French President Macron __10__ canceled a speech on the “Yellow Vest Movement”， and started the disaster report. After the French firefighters __11__ for five hours, the fire was __12__. The main structure of the church was __13__， but the inside decoration was completely destroyed. __14__ the broken Notre Dame de Paris, President Macron said that they would recruit(招收)the best talents from around the world to repair the art treasures, because this is what the French expect and is what history __15__. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的经过，并介绍了巴黎圣母院的地理位置、历史价值等背景知识。 1．A.distributed　　　　 B．directed C．spread D．transformed 解析：选C　句意：据法国的报纸《世界报》报道，大火从阁楼开始，然后蔓延到了屋顶。distribute分发；direct指导；spread蔓延；transform使改变形态。结合下文可知，巴黎圣母院遭到了严重的破坏，故推测火势蔓延迅速，很快就蔓延到了屋顶，故选C。 2．A.sigh B．idea C．sign D．picture 解析：选A　句意：目睹了塔的倒塌，32岁的法国人皮埃尔向《纽约时报》发出了这样的一声叹息。sigh叹息；idea想法；sign标志；picture图片。根据上文的皮埃尔的话“Paris was beheaded(斩首)！”可知，此处用“叹息”符合语境，故选A。 3．A.winds B．exists C．sets D．stands 解析：选D　句意：塞纳河畔的巴黎圣母院矗立了769年了。wind蜿蜒；exist存在；set设置；stand矗立。根据句意可知，此处描述的是巴黎圣母院的位置，因为它是一座建筑，故用“矗立”符合语境，故选D。 4．A.delicate B．worthless C．invaluable D．weak 解析：选C　句意：巴黎圣母院不仅藏有大量精美的艺术收藏品，而且它本身就是无价之宝。delicate精美的；worthless没有价值的；invaluable无价的；weak虚弱的。结合上文可知，此处用“无价的”来表达这座建筑的珍贵，第三段中的“they would recruit(招收) the best talents from around the world to repair the art treasures”也有提示，故选C。 5．A.points B．scenes C．views D．attractions 解析：选D　句意：作为世界上最著名的旅游胜地之一，这座教堂每年接待约1，300万游客。point点；scene场景；view观点；attraction吸引人的事物。根据下文的“this church has about 13 million visitors a year”可知，巴黎圣母院是一个旅游胜地，而“tourist attraction”意为“旅游胜地”，故选D。 6．A.remaining B．historic C．accessible D．favorable 解析：选B　句意：火势依旧，巴黎圣母院的发言人悲观地告诉媒体，这座法国的历史性建筑遭受了巨大的破坏，因为教堂的内部属于中世纪的木质结构，因此，这场火几乎是一场灾难。remaining剩下的；historic历史的；accessible易接近的；favorable赞许的。根据上文的“Notre Dame de Paris, which __3__ on the bank of the Seine, has been there for 769 years.”可知，此处用“历史的”符合语境，故选B。 7．A.suffered B．resulted C．acquired D．obtained 解析：选A　句意见上一题。suffer遭受；result导致；acquire获得；obtain获得。结合句意可知，此处是指巴黎圣母院遭受了火灾带来的巨大破坏，故选A。 8．A.decrease B．waste C．disaster D．trouble 解析：选C　句意见上一题。decrease下降；waste浪费；disaster灾难；trouble麻烦。根据上文的great destruction可知，此处用“灾难”符合语境，故选C。 9．A.marched B．gathered C．wandered D．settled 解析：选B　句意：随着火灾的继续，大量的来自巴黎的人聚集在巴黎圣母院周围。march前进；gather聚集；wander闲逛；settle解决。根据下文的“Watching the fire...”可知，这些人都聚集到了巴黎圣母院的周围，故选B。 10．A.urgently B．angrily C．cleverly D．cautiously 解析：选A　句意：火灾后，法国总统马克龙紧急取消了关于“黄背心运动”的演说，然后开始了对这场灾难的报告。urgently紧急地；angrily生气地；cleverly聪明地；cautiously警惕地。结合上下文可知，巴黎圣母院发生火灾是突发事件，故推测总统紧急取消原定行程，来向民众宣告此事，故选A项。 11．A.managed B．fought C．attempted D．repaired 解析：选B　句意：在法国消防员进行了5个小时的扑救后，大火被扑灭了。manage处理，对付；fight战斗，搏斗；attempt企图；repair维修。该句主语是“消防员”，时间是“5个小时”，因此用“战斗”最为妥帖，故选B。 12．A.put out B．taken out C．brought out D．pulled out 解析：选A　句意见上一题。put out扑灭；take out拿出；bring out出版，生产；pull out拔出，退出。根据下文开始介绍巴黎圣母院的损失及重建可知，此处应该表述的内容是“大火被扑灭了”，故选A。 13．A.scarred B．destroyed C．tested D．saved 解析：选D　句意：这座教堂的主体结构被挽救了，但是内部装饰被完全破坏了。scar使留下伤疤；destroy破坏；test考查；save救。根据后面的but一词可知，前后分句之间为转折关系，由“completely destroyed”(完全被毁)可知，此处用“挽救”符合语境，故选D。 14．A.In time of B．In danger of C．In the face of D．In memory of 解析：选C　句意：面对着被破坏了的巴黎圣母院，总统马克龙说他们会从全球招收最佳人才来修复此艺术珍宝，因为这是法国人所希望的，也是历史应得的。in time of在……的时候；in danger of处于……危险之中；in the face of面对；in memory of为了纪念。结合句意可知，此处用“面对”符合语境，故选C。 15．A.deserves B．allows C．creates D．holds 解析：选A　句意见上一题。deserve应得；allow允许；create创造；hold拥有，举行。结合上下文可知，此处是指法国历史值得拥有这样一座教堂，故选A。 Ⅳ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Palace Museum is the 1.______(large) and most well 2.______(reserve) imperial(皇帝的) residence in China today. It attracts a large number of tourists in the peak season. It is divided into an outer court and an inner court with a rectangular(长方形的) shape, 961 meters in length from north to south and 753 meters in 3.______(wide) from east to west. It has a splendid history, and it 4.______(rebuild) and repaired many times in the past. I was so excited to visit it 5.______ my family last summer vacation. After we passed through the front gate, a lot of grand palaces appeared. The tour guide told us there were more than 9，000 rooms in the Palace Museum. During the Ming dynasty, construction began in 1406. 6.______ took 14 years to build the Forbidden City. I was 7.______(real) surprised that the workers could build it so well 8.______ even today it is not out of date. I could not remember all the names of the buildings, but I took hundreds of beautiful 9.______(photo) on the way. I think I will never forget the 10.______(amaze) trip I had in Beijing, China and I can go there next time with my friends. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。作者作为游客介绍了故宫，并表达了自己对故宫之行难以忘怀的心情以及希望和朋友再次参观的愿望。 1．largest　考查形容词最高级。句意：故宫博物院是如今中国最大、保存最完整的皇家住所。根据空前的the及空后的and most...可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式。故用large的最高级 largest。 2．reserved　考查过去分词。句意见上一题。reserve和residence之间是逻辑上的被动关系，此处表示“保存最完整的”，故填reserved。 3．width　考查名词。句意：它分为一个外庭院和一个内庭院，呈长方形，从北到南长961米，从东到西宽753米。in是介词，故应用名词width。in width表示“在宽度上”。 4．was rebuilt　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它有一个辉煌的历史，在过去它被重建和修复了很多次。时间状语为 in the past，故应用一般过去时，主语为it，和rebuild之间是被动关系，故填was rebuilt。 5．with　考查介词。句意：上个暑假我和我的家人一起参观故宫，我非常兴奋。此处表示“和……一起”，应用介词with。 6．It　考查固定句型。句意：建造紫禁城花了14年。“It takes/took some time to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事花费多长时间”，It作形式主语，故此处应填It。 7．really　考查副词。句意：工人们能将它建得如此好，以至于即使现在它仍然没有过时，对此我非常惊讶。此处修饰形容词 surprised，应用副词，故填 really。 8．that　考查连词。句意见上一题。so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故此处应填that。 9．photos　考查名词复数。句意：我记不住所有建筑物的名字，但我在路上拍了几百张漂亮的照片。hundreds of后面用可数名词复数形式，故填 photos。 10．amazing　考查形容词。句意：我想我永远都不会忘记我在中国北京的令人惊喜的旅行，我下次可以和朋友一起去那里。trip是名词，表事物，应该用­ing形式的形容词修饰，故填 amazing，意为“令人惊奇的”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $