课时作业(5) Unit 2 Period 1（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(五)　Unit 2　Period 1 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air and wild animals, right? Well, now you're going to have to add tea shops and something called “the Underground” to your definition, because London, England has signed up to be the first “National Park City”． London was founded by the Romans around 2，000 years ago and people have continually lived there since then. In all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, which means London already has a much lower urban density(密度)than most of the world's cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space. In July 2019, London announced its willingness to become the world's first National Park City. Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and increasing public parks, greening unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, and fixing some green roofs of an existing building. “Encouraged by the aims and values of our rural national parks, the London National Park City is basically about making life better in the capital through both small and temporary everyday things and long­term thinking，” Daniel Raven­Ellison, who began the movement to make London a National Park City six years ago, said. “We've been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green.” It's about going further to make the city greener, healthier and wilder, and to make the city richer in wildlife. London will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than more densely­urbanized cities like Paris and New York, which have 10% and 27% green space respectively. But that doesn't mean it's not possible—the National Park City Foundation hopes to include 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025. Glasgow, Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both considering becoming National Park Cities. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伦敦成为国家公园城市的一些优势以及原因。 1．What makes London more likely to become a National Park City than other cities? A．Its smaller population. B．Its locals' requirements. C．Its government's strict law. D．Its wider area of green space. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“London already has a much lower urban density(密度) than most of the world's cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space.”(伦敦的城市密度已经比世界上大多数城市都要低得多。如今，这座城市大约有三分之一是绿地)可知，低城市密度带来相对更大的绿色空间，这让伦敦比其他城市更有可能成为国家公园城市。故选D。 2．Where can you find out about London's measures to achieve its goal？　　　　 A．In Paragraph 1.　 B．In Paragraph 2. C．In Paragraph 3. D．In Paragraph 4. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的第二句可知，通过连接和增加公共公园，绿化闲置停车场、现有和新建房屋的私人庭院，以及在现有建筑上安装一些绿色屋顶的方式，伦敦正朝着到2050年实现50%绿地率的目标前进。所以第三段主要介绍了伦敦为成为国家公园城市所采取的措施。故选C。 3．What does Daniel try to talk about in the fourth paragraph? A．The importance of his movement. B．The values of newly­founded parks. C．The influence of green space on cities. D．The preparation for setting up a movement. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We've been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green.” It's about going further to make the city greener, healthier and wilder, and to make the city richer in wildlife.(“在伦敦，几个世纪以来我们都是这样做的，这就是伦敦绿化如此到位的原因。”它是为了让城市更加绿色、健康和天然，让城市的野生动物更加丰富)可推知，Daniel在第四段想表达的是他的绿色运动的重要性。故选A。 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．London is leading the world in park construction B．London will become the world's first National Park City C．London is listed as the world's most­visited city D．London has built the world's first underground park 解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Well, now you're going to have to add tea shops and something called ‘the Underground’ to your definition, because London, England has signed up to be the first ‘National Park City’．”可知，英国伦敦已经签约要成为第一个“国家公园城市”，结合下文主要介绍了伦敦成为国家公园城市的一些优势以及原因可知，B选项“伦敦将成为世界上第一个国家公园城市”最符合文章标题。故选B。 B The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco，California is one of the world's most beautiful bridges. It is also one of the most visited places in the world. Hundreds of millions of vehicles have used the bridge since it opened more than 80 years ago. The bridge was painted “International Orange” because that color went well with the natural surroundings. The color is also easier to see in the heavy fog that often covers the area. But the Golden Gate Bridge was not named for its orange color. It was named for the body of water that it crosses，the Golden Gate Strait. The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County，California. Planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around San Francisco was growing. People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries(渡船)． Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer for the project. Mr.Strauss demanded the strongest safety protections in the history of bridge building. These included the first use of “hard hats” to protect the workers' heads and special glasses to protect their eyes. A special safety net was suspended(挂)under the bridge. This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction. However，11 other workers were killed when they fell off the bridge through the net. Still，this was a new safety record for the time. The Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937.It extends 1，280 meters across the water. The total length is 2，737 meters. It was the largest suspension bridge(吊桥)in the world until 1964. That is when the Verrazano Narrows Bridge opened in New York City. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了美国旧金山的金门大桥，它是世界上著名的桥梁之一。金门大桥由总工程师Joseph Strauss负责修建，于1937年开放。 5．The Golden Gate Bridge was named after______．　 A．the local climate B．the color of its paint C．the strait it crosses D．its natural surroundings 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It was named for the body of water that it crosses, the Golden Gate Strait.”可知，金门大桥得名于这座桥跨越的水域——金门海峡。故选C。 6．How did people cross the Golden Gate Strait before the bridge was built? A．By plane.　　　　 B．By boat. C．By road. D．By train. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries(渡船)．”可知，在金门大桥修建之前，人们乘渡船通过金门海峡。故选B。 7．What do we know about Joseph Strauss? A．He attached importance to the workers' safety. B．His safety measures were not of practical value. C．He built the first suspension bridge in the world. D．He demanded strong measures to ensure the safety of the bridge. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章的第五段及第六段所述内容可知，负责修建金门大桥的总工程师Joseph Strauss非常注重保护建筑工人的安全，他采取了一些有效措施确保工人的安全。故选A。 8．The purpose of suspending a special safety net was to ______. A．protect the environment B．make construction easier C．prevent workers from falling D．save building materials from falling 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“A special safety net was suspended (挂)under the bridge. This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction.”可知，在建造金门大桥时，桥下挂着一张安全网，目的是避免建筑工人坠落。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ancient Rome was one of the world's most powerful empires more than 2，000 years ago. Romans' ideas about roads, laws, government and buildings still influence us today. The Colosseum in Rome was built during the phase of the Roman Empire, in the first century AD. __1__ It is a popular tourist attraction today. Italy, located in southern Europe, is shaped like a boot. Italy is well­known for its designers, who create cars, handbags, clothes, shoes and other items that are in demand for their style and fine workmanship. Today, the economy of Italy is stronger than that in the past. __2__ Today, manufacturing and tourism are the main sources of income. There are some big companies, but Italy has many smaller companies, too. __3__ The southern part does not offer many manufacturing jobs, so it is not very prosperous. Italy is a member of the European Union，an organization of joint countries for better trade. The currency, or money they use is called “euro”. __4__ Food and good meals are important to Italians. Popular foods include pasta, risotto, minestrone and pizza. McDonald's is also popular there. Many families still eat their main meal in the middle of the day. __5__ Families spend a lot of time together. A．Italy has several islands off the coast. B．The country used to depend on agriculture. C．Mountains cover about three fourths of the country. D．The family is very important to the Italian way of life. E．The northern part of the country is the main manufacturing center. F．It could seat about 50，000 people, who went to see fights between animals and people. G．While there are some supermarkets, many people shop at small, neighborhood markets. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了意大利及其首都罗马在经济和文化方面的一些特点。 1．解析：选F　设空处的前一句介绍了罗马斗兽场的始建年代，下句介绍此处如今也是景点，因此空处应该继续罗马斗兽场的话题。故选F项(它可以容纳大约5万来观看人兽决斗的观众)。 2．解析：选B　根据空前的内容可知，意大利现在的经济比以前强大了；而空后一句介绍的是现在主要的收入来源，故此处应选B项(这个国家过去依靠农业)，说明其过去的收入来源，两者形成对比。 3．解析：选E　本段主要介绍意大利的经济情况，空后介绍的是南方的情况，与之对应的应该是北方的经济特点，故选E项(这个国家的北部是主要的制造业中心)。 4．解析：选G　本段介绍了意大利的货币和美食。根据空后的内容可知，此处主要介绍意大利人的日常生活。G项(虽然有一些超市，但许多人还是在小型的社区市场购物)符合语境。 5．解析：选D　本段介绍了意大利的家庭。空后的句子表明，在意大利，家庭成员花很多时间在一起，因此D项(家庭对意大利人的生活方式非常重要)符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traditional earthen buildings Listed as a World Cultural Heritage in 2008, tulou or earthen buildings are unique rural dwellings(住宅) in the 1.______(mountain) area in East China's Fujian Province. The buildings 2.______(appear) in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and took 3.______(they) current shapes in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Some of the Hakka and Hoklo people still live in the tulou. The buildings were 4.______(original) for Hakka families to live together and defend 5.______ the invaders. They evolved from local mountain camps, most of 6.______ took a circular structure. Most of the earthen buildings have been developed since they were put on the List, and the number of tourists 7.______ (rise)dramatically. Lin Jianwen is currently the sixth­generation owner of Zhencheng Building, 8.______(build) in 1912. Lin went back home and inherited the building, turning it into a homestay hotel. In peak time, there are 200 people from 27 families 9.______ (live) in it. He runs 10.______ business with his family and takes good care of the visitors. Welcoming tourists from all over the world makes Lin's life more colourful in the village. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的文化遗产——福建土楼。 1．mountainous　考查词形转换。此处需用形容词修饰名词area。故填mountainous。 2．appeared　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“in the Song and Yuan dynasties”可知需用一般过去时，故填appeared。 3．their　考查代词。土楼出现在宋元时期，在明清时期有了它们现在的形状，此处需用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词shapes。 4．originally　考查词形转换。这些土楼最初是为了让客家人居住在一起并防御侵略者使用的。句中“be...for”是连在一起的，意为“用作……使用”，空格处需用副词，故填originally。 5．against　结合上一题解析可知，此处是指抵御外敌。故填介词against，短语“defend against”意为“抵御”。 6．which　考查定语从句。这些土楼是由当地的山营演变而来的，大部分都是圆形的结构。此处为“介词＋关系代词”，需填which指代camps。 7．has risen　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合and前的时间状语since they were put on the List以及时态可知，此处也需用现在完成时，主语“the number of...”意为“……的数量”。此处动词需用第三人称单数形式，故填has risen。 8．built　考查非谓语动词。此处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰“Zhencheng Building”，build与其逻辑主语“Zhencheng Building”为动宾关系，故填过去分词built。 9．living　考查非谓语动词。此处指生活在里面的来自27户人家的200人。此处表示主动，作后置定语，故填living。 10．the　考查冠词。此处指他和他的家人经营这个生意。特指“土楼民宿”这个生意，故填定冠词the。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $