课时作业(4) Unit 1 Period 4（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(四)　Unit 1　Period 4 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Americans are afraid that robots are going to take our jobs. Tireless, immune to disease, robots can build cars, make coffee and even write short, humorous newspaper columns faster and more efficiently than humans. Robots do not need health insurance or pensions(退休金), and they do not need to take sick days, much less vacations. They do not waste time at meetings and do not need to know office politics. They don't do PowerPoint. This being the case, it is reasonable to believe that robots will soon take the place of humans in most fields. But all of these thoughts may not be true. If artificial intelligence achieves its full potential, machines could easily become as smart as humans, maybe smarter. They will certainly become smarter than a lot of human beings. So one day the robots will realize that work is not a happy thing. So before long they will start behaving exactly like humans. They will play computer games for hours when they should be working hard. They will secretly watch new movies just like humans. True, employers will never need to be afraid of the robots' strikes(罢工) or slowdowns, because robots will never ask for more money. And they don't need to earn some money to raise their family. But precisely(恰恰) because robots will not be afraid of losing their jobs, they will not work hard. Employers will finally have no choice but to call back the humans. Humans will always be willing to do some work in order to make money. Robots won't. I think that robots will only be on the job about six months before they start to become even less productive than the humans they were designed to replace.Thus mankind need not be afraid of robots. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。在工作中机器人越来越多地取代了人类，那么我们需要担心机器人会完全取代人类吗？本篇文章以幽默的语气讨论了这一问题。 1．Why will robots secretly watch new movies one day? A．They don't think work is a pleasure. B．They have finished their jobs. C．They are unable to stand the heavy work. D．They are designed not to work for a long time. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段“So one day the robots will realize that work is not a happy thing.”可知，当机器人感觉到工作没有乐趣的时候，或许它们会打游戏或偷偷看电影，A选项“They don't think work is a pleasure.(它们认为工作没有乐趣)”符合题意。故选A。 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 5? A．Robots will go on strike one day. B．Robots will ask for a higher pay rise. C．Employers will decide on humans as their workforce. D．Employers will completely rely on humans for work in the future. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第五段“Employers will finally have no choice but to call back the humans. Humans will always be willing to do some work in order to make money.”可知，雇主最终还得让人类重返工作岗位，因为为了挣钱，人类始终还是乐意去工作的。故选C。 3．What is the best title for the text? A．Different ideas about man and robots B．Future development of robots C．Will robots finally take the place of humans? D．Will robots end up working efficiently? 解析：选C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文首先讲到了在工作中机器人越来越多地取代了人类这一现象，这引发人们思考是否机器人会完全取代人类，然后作者以幽默的语气讨论了这一问题。C选项“Will robots finally take the place of humans？(机器人终将会取代人类吗？)”切题。故选C。 B While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world's first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher. Before you start imagining a human­like robot walking around the classroom, Will is just an avatar that appears on the student's desktop, or smartphone screen, when ordered to come. The autonomous animation platform has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to show human­like behaviour. The digital teacher is assigned to teach Vector's “Be sustainable with energy”—a free program for Auckland elementary schools. Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students' responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non­verbal cues. For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two­way interaction not only helps attract the students' attention, but also allows the program's developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed. Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Will­like avatars could be a novel way to catch the attention of the next generation. He says, “I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver cost­effective, rich, educational experience in the future.” The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success thus far. Ravishankar says, “What was fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention.” However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Will走进小学课堂，为孩子们讲授能源可持续发展。 4．What was special for some elementary school students in Auckland? A．A digital teacher taught them. B．They first saw something digital. C．This was the start of a new school year. D．They could get close to the smartphone screen. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“They became the world's first kids to be ‘taught’ by a digital teacher.”可知，他们成为世界上第一批由智能机器人老师“教”的孩子。由此可知，对于奥克兰的这些小学生们来说，新学期的特殊之处是机器人老师教他们。故选A。 5．What is the benefit of this two­way interaction? A．It can smile back.　　 B．It can use a microphone. C．It can talk any topic for free.　　 D．It can change if necessary. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“This two­way interaction not only helps attract the students' attention, but also allows the program's developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed.”可知，这种双向互动不仅有助于吸引学生的注意力，还可以让程序的开发人员监视学生们的参与度，并在需要时做出更改，由此可得出，其优势在于，必要时可以做出变化。故选D。 6．What's Ravishankar's attitude to Will's replacing human educators soon? A．Optimistic.　　　 B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Disapproving. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.”可知，Ravishankar认为它不会在短期内代替人类教育工作者。故选D。 7．What might be the best title for the passage? A．New High­tech Contributes to Education B．The World's First Digital Teacher Appears in Classrooms C．The World's First Digital Teacher, a Help to Students D．New Zealand Will Replace Teachers in Classrooms 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读文章可知，从新学年开始，新西兰奥克兰的一些小学生将成为世界上第一批被机器人老师教的孩子。之后文章就此展开，由此可推断出“The World's First Digital Teacher Appears in Classrooms”作为本文的标题最合适。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 At the doctor's office, first I log onto a computer to announce my presence. Then I wait until a robotic nurse __1__ me into the examination room. Soon, in steps the doctor, who also is a robot. He records my __2__， does a few calculations and then __3__ out a prescription(处方). Having swiped(刷) the credit card at a machine on the way out, I return home without having come across another human being. This scene is my horrible imagination of the future, which hasn't come to pass—__4__ not yet now. I really do like many aspects of __5__. I'm a big fan of air conditioners in summer and heat in winter. But I don't want machines to __6__. When I call my dentist's office and on the line actually get a human being, I am pleased. When I call the airport and get the lady­computer who __7__ asking me to report myself, I want to scream. When I see the slow occupation of self­service check­out stations at the supermarket, I feel like shouting, “When it __8__ cashiers, make mine humans, please！” After all, a human cashier might __9__ a bag of flour leaking and get you a replacement. Real­life cashiers may have a __10__ word for an elderly person struggling to pay the bill. Even more than that, they often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can __11__ a young mother's day. I don't want to go back to the Stone Age, but I'm also __12__ about a completely computerized world, where face­to­face communication is replaced by swiping credit cards and feeding numbers. Self­service check­out stations can be efficient. But they lack a(n) __13__ so vital to everyday life. It is something that urges us to offer others a smile, a hug or a prayer, which may be __14__ what they need at that moment. Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is something that no __15__ will ever have. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文中作者通过描述一个完全由机器人负责人类生活的场景来引起话题，提出了自己的观点：虽然机器给人类带来了极大的方便，但人类不能过度依赖机器，人与人之间面对面的沟通与交流不能被冰冷的机器所取代。 1．A.follows　　　　　 B．wheels C．directs D．pushes 解析：选C　这里描写了作者就诊的过程。首先作者在电脑上登录，然后等到一名机器人护士把他领到检查室。direct意为“带领”。 2．A.identity B．character C．appearance D．symptoms 解析：选D　“他”记下“我”的症状并给“我”打印出了一张处方。作者是来看病的，所以机器人记录下了作者的症状(symptom)。 3．A.stands B．prints C．finds D．calls 解析：选B　机器人模拟真人医生在看病，所以记录完症状，就会打印(print)出一张处方。 4．A.in short B．in fact C．beyond doubt D．at least 解析：选D　这一幕是“我”对未来可怕的想象，但至少(at least)现在还没有实现。 5．A.tradition B．civilization C．technology D．culture 解析：选C　由“I'm a big fan of air conditioners in summer and heat in winter.”可知，“我”在夏天喜欢空调，在冬天喜欢供暖设备。所以作者的确很喜欢科技(technology)所带来的便利。 6．A.hand over B．take over C．turn over D．get over 解析：选B　由but可知，作者虽然喜欢科技的成果，但是不想被机器控制。take over “接管， 取得对……的控制”。 7．A.risks B．escapes C．keeps D．delays 解析：选C　因为电脑是在按照程序工作，所以它会不停地要求作者报告自己的情况。keep doing sth.意为“不断做某事”。 8．A.comes to B．goes to C．starts with D．compares with 解析：选A　当“我”看到超市推出更多自助结账台时，“我”真想大喊： 拜托还是给“我”找个真人收银员吧。“when it comes to...”是固定短语，意为“当谈到……的时候，在某个方面”。 9．A.scan B．expect C．spot D．remember 解析：选C　毕竟，真人收银员可能会发现(spot)你的面粉漏了，然后给你换一袋。由get you a replacement可知，真人收银员会发现面粉漏了。故C选项切题。 10．A.joyful B．sympathetic C．bitter D．regretful 解析：选B　由“an elderly person struggling to pay the bill”可知，因为老人付款辛苦，真人收银员会表示同情(sympathetic)。这里是在说真人收银员比机器要有情感。 11．A.shorten B．harden C．broaden D．brighten 解析：选D　人与人之间的沟通很重要，真人收银员往往喜欢逗孩子，这是对孩子的喜欢，所以孩子的母亲也会很高兴。brighten one's day“使某人开心一天”。 12．A.unconcerned B．anxious C．curious D．crazy 解析：选B　“我”不想回到石器时代，但“我”也担忧一个完全电脑化的世界，在那里面对面的交流被刷信用卡和输入数字所取代。作者很担忧一个完全电脑化的世界。be anxious about...“对……感到担忧”。 13．A.element B．function C．role D．material 解析：选A　它们缺少一种对日常生活很重要的元素(element)。机器缺乏的是情感元素或者人性元素。故A选项切题。 14．A.merely B．partly C．exactly D．necessarily 解析：选C　正是情感促使我们为他人提供一个微笑、一个拥抱或一次祷告，这也许正是他们此刻所需要的。exactly“恰好地，正是”，用于表示强调。 15．A.human B．cashier C．doctor D．machine 解析：选D　这是任何机器(machine)都不会拥有的东西。本句是在说，与人类相比，机器不可能拥有的东西。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Schools in the UK are trying the use of “classroom robots” in order to ease the growing teacher 1.______ (short). So far, two primary schools in Plymouth have introduced the robots, 2.______ an alternative to teaching assistants. Britain's lack of teaching staff 3.______ (become) worse over the last ten years and shows no sign of improving. Graduates are not 4.______ (will) to enter the primary education and many current teachers are abandoning the profession for careers in other fields. 5.______(face) with this concerning problem, some schools believe that robots might soon be able to improve the situation. Tests have shown that teachers can train the robots within just three hours by showing a range of classroom techniques，6.______ are then copied by the robots and used in a real classroom setting with real students doing tasks. In one example, the robot teacher 7.______(successful) guided the students through challenging tasks, 8.______(give) them praise and encouragement when necessary. The project has been met with 9.______(mix) reactions from teachers. Some are concerned that the robots are here to replace their jobs, 10.______ others optimistically consider the machines as a way to reduce their heavy workloads. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。简述了英国的学校正在尝试使用“教室机器人”，以缓解日益严重的教师短缺问题，本文还论述了该措施引发的一系列讨论和社会问题。 1．shortage　考查词形转换。句意：英国的学校正在尝试使用“教室机器人”，以缓解日益严重的教师短缺问题。此处作动词ease的宾语，应用名词形式。故填shortage。 2．as　考查介词。句意：到目前为止，普利茅斯的两所小学已经引进了机器人作为助教的替代者。此处as作介词，意为“充当，作为”。故填as。 3．has become/has been becoming　考查动词的时态。句意：在过去的十年里，英国教师队伍的缺乏变得更为严重，没有任何改善的迹象。这是一个从过去到现在的过程，强调对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。也可以认为是一种从过去到现在再到未来的过程，可用现在完成进行时。故填has become/has been becoming。 4．willing　考查词形转换。句意：毕业生不愿进入初等教育行业，许多现职教师正在放弃这一职业，转而从事其他领域的工作。be willing to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“愿意去做某事”。故填willing。 5．Faced　考查非谓语动词。句意：面对这个令人担忧的问题，一些学校认为机器人可能很快就能改善这种状况。be faced with 为固定搭配，意为“面对……”，此处用过去分词作状语。故填Faced。 6．which　考查定语从句。句意：测试表明，教师可以在3小时内通过展示一系列课堂教学技巧来训练机器人，然后机器人复制这些技巧，并在有真实的学生做任务的真正的课堂环境中使用。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰techniques。故填which。 7．successfully　考查词形转换。句意：在一个例子中，机器人老师成功地引导学生完成了具有挑战性的任务，并在必要时给予他们表扬和鼓励。修饰动词guided应使用副词，故填successfully。 8．giving　考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。现在分词表示主动的动作，此处为机器人老师主动给予他们表扬和鼓励，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填giving。 9．mixed　考查词形转换。句意：教师们对这个项目有不同的反应。此处需用形容词mixed修饰名词reactions，mixed reactions表示不同的反应，故填mixed。 10．while　考查连词。句意：一些人担心机器人会取代他们的工作，而另 一些人则乐观地认为机器人是减轻他们繁重工作的一种方式。此处与前文进行对比，为两种不同的观点，故填while。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $