课时作业(2)Unit 10 Part B Lesson 2 & Lesson 3（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册高中同步学案（北师大版）

课时作业(二)　UNIT 10　Part B Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The decision of dropping out of school affected (affect) Bill Gates' whole career. 2．A team, consisting (consist) of two doctors and three policemen, was sent to search for the lost explorers. 3．She studied hard, and in consequence she passed the test. 4．I frequently (frequent) use sunflowers as symbols of strength. 5．There was additional (addition) work to be done before all the troops would be ready. 6．Parents should protect the children from catching (catch) a cold. 7．The convenience (convenient) of digital payment made many senior citizens start to use smartphones. 8．It's just typical (typically) of him to lose interest and waste money. 9．All those around him looked at him in amazement (amaze). 10．The book describes a boy's eagerness (eager) for adventure. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．除了法语之外，他还得学日语。 In_addition_to French, he has to study Japanese. 2．因为你工作不好，我只能解雇你。 In_consequence_of your bad work, I am forced to dismiss you. 3．作为一个好班长，她有能力很好地组织团体活动。 As a good monitor, she has the ability to organize_group_activities_very_well． 4．汤姆经常自愿帮助我们社区的穷人。 Tom usually volunteers to help the poor in_our_community． 5．农民们听到这一坏消息感到不安。 Farmers were_disturbed_to_hear the bad news. 6．我的父母总是支持我所做的一切。 My parents support_me_in everything I do all the time. Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Amazon has plans to drop off packages directly into shoppers' houses. The world's largest online retailer has announced Amazon Key, a lock and camera system that users control remotely to let delivery associates (伙伴) put goods into their houses. Customers can create temporary passwords (密码) for friends and other service professionals to enter as well. The smart lock may help Amazon get sales from shoppers who cannot make it home to receive an order, and don't want the package stolen from their doorstep. It also signals Amazon's determination to win the market of home security devices, where Alphabet Inc.'s Nest Labs competes. “This is not an experiment for us，” said Peter Larsen, Amazon vice president of delivery technology, in an interview. “This is a key part of the Amazon shopping experience from this point forward.” Members of Amazon's Prime shopping club can pay $249.99 and up for a cloudcontrolled camera and lock that the company offers to install. Delivery associates are told to ring a doorbell or knock when they arrive at someone's house. If no one greets them, they press “unlock” in a mobile app, and Amazon checks its systems in an instant to make sure the right associate and package are present. The camera then streams the video to the customer who remotely can watch the inhome delivery take place. The associate cannot proceed with other trips until the house is again locked. It is unclear whether such protections will persuade customers that the service is safe to use. Larsen said stealing was “not something that happens in practice”， based on early tests of the Amazon Key program. He added that if a problem arises, “You can call customer service and Amazon will work with you to make sure it's right, reimbursing (赔偿) you for any loss or damage in some cases.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网上零售商巨头亚马逊推出的智能锁。顾客不在家里，家门也能被打开，这样快递人员可以将包裹送入家中。 1．What can we learn about the Amazon Key? A．It has a limited use. B．It can prevent stealing in reality. C．It has been accepted by customers. D．It plays an important in Amazon's market planning. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段的“It also signals Amazon's determination to win the market of home security devices...”可知，智能锁在亚马逊的市场计划中扮演着重要的角色。 2．Who will be the customers to buy the smart lock? A．Those who entertain guests at home. B．Those who often buy things on Amazon. C．Those who can't receive the package in person. D．Those who care about home safety very much. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“The smart lock may help Amazon get sales from shoppers who cannot make it home to receive an order”可知，那些不能亲自收快递的人会是购买智能锁的消费者。 3．What should delivery associates do first to start the lock? A．Make sure there is no one at home. B．Install the lock for the customers. C．Connect the lock to a camera. D．Press “unlock” in a mobile app. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Delivery associates are told to ring a doorbell or knock when they arrive at someone's house.”可知，快递人员在开锁之前应先确定房间里没人。 4．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Entertainment.　　　B．Technology. C．Education. D．Lifestyle. 解析：选B　推理判断题。阅读全文可知，本文介绍了网上零售商巨头亚马逊推出的智能锁，是属于科技的范畴，因此最有可能出现在报纸的Technology部分。 B Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like liver cancer in ways that were never before possible. Rishi Rawat, who teaches AI at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, is part of a team of scientists researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says, “You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that's important for making decisions.” David Agus is another researcher. He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can't recognize by itself.” Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Nowadays, researchers take a thin piece of tissue (组织), put it on a small piece of glass and add color to see the cells better. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns or structures, and learn how the cells are organized. The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. Agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine. The researchers of the university are now only studying liver cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer. [语篇解读]　人工智能有望帮助医生诊断和治疗癌症。 5．What can AI do with the help of the information provided by the researchers? A．Recognize cancer patterns. B．Treat liver cancer. C．Collect useful information. D．Store cancerous cells. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He says, ‘You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns...making decisions.’”可知，人工智能可以根据对其输入的数据来学习该模式，并进行癌症模式的识别。 6．What can we learn about AI? A．It will be able to replace doctors. B.Patients are unlikely to be cancerous again with its help. C．It is making a difference in taking care of patients. D．It can recognize cancer more accurately. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“The hope is that...human mistakes.”可知，人工智能可以很快判别没有错误的癌症诊断。由此可推知，人工智能可以更精确地识别癌症。 7．What's the author's attitude towards the future of AI? A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Curious. D．Cold. 解析：选A　观点态度题。根据文章最后两段的内容可知，人工智能将很快能够快速识别癌症，并且将应用到各种癌症之中。由此可推知，作者对人工智能的未来持乐观的态度。 8．What is the best title for the text? A．AI Is Used to Treat Cancers B．AI May Compete with Doctors C．AI May Make Doctors Better D．AI Is Better at Curing Cancers 解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据对文章的整体理解可推知，人工智能作为一种工具可以帮助医生更好地诊断和治疗癌症。 C I am a reporter and I feel privileged to have been a witness to history being made. Every time I watch taikonauts salute as the rocket carries them thunders away and flies toward the skies, my heart beats faster and my eyes begin to moisten. When Yang Liwei, a former fighter jet pilot, displayed the flags of China and the United Nations together during the Shenzhou V mission in 2003 and wrote, “To make use of outer space peacefully and for the benefit of all humankind, the Chinese came to outer space.” He was remembered in the history of China as the person who fulfilled the nation's 1，000yearold dream of “flying to the heavens”． In the years that followed, I saw Zhai Zhigang floating out of his spacecraft and waving a Chinese flag among the stars; Jing Haipeng entering China's first space lab; Wang Yaping demonstrating the beauty of physics to 60 million students far outside the Earth's atmosphere; and Nie Haisheng creating the China's record for the longest stay in space. However, few people realize how taikonauts prepare themselves to be qualified. They need to study advanced mathematics, aerodynamics, astronomy, space science and technology, English, environmental science, medicine, psychology and many other theoretical courses, all in one year, a superhuman task equal to shortening a normal college student's fouryear study plan to 12 months. Apart from theoretical study, taikonauts must undergo a large amount of physical training. In a pressure chamber, they go through a simulated ascent from ground level to an altitude of 5，000 meters in five minutes, with all the dizziness, sickness and even shock. While training for spacewalks in a weightless environment, they wear a suit weighing over 160 kilograms and stay underwater for four hours at a time, losing two kilograms or more in each period. I have once interviewed Huang Weifen, who is in charge of taikonauts training.“Without exceptional perseverance, they don't make it，” she said. “Our space knows no boundary, and our exploration will never end.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文，文章作者以一名记者的角色，讲述了中国航天的发展简史，一名又一名宇航员成功登上了太空，取得了新的突破；接着作者讲述了航天员为取得成功，幕后所付出的艰辛，他们要学习大量的理论课程，进行近乎极限的体能训练，“没有非凡的毅力，他们不会成功。” 9．Which of the following is correct about Yang Liwei according to the passage? A．He was remembered as the greatest taikonaut in China. B．He thought space exploration could make the world peaceful. C.He was the first taikonaut to realize China's dream of flying to space. D．He once floated out of spacecraft and displayed the flags of China and the UN. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据原文第二段He was remembered in the history of China as the person who fulfilled the nation's 1，000yearold dream of “flying to the heavens”(他在中国历史上被铭记，因为他实现了中华民族1000多年的“飞天梦”)可知，他是第一个实现中国飞天梦的宇航员(He was the first taikonaut to realize China's dream of flying to space.)，C选项符合原文，故选C。 10．What preparations do taikonauts make to be qualified? A．12month course study. B．5000meter climbing task. C．Twokilogram weight loss. D．Fourhour underwater walk. 解析：选A　细节理解题。文章第四段开始讲述宇航员的幕后故事，描述他们所做的准备，根据“However, few people realize how taikonauts prepare themselves to be qualified. They need to study…all in one year, a superhuman task equal to shortening a normal college student's fouryear study plan to 12 months.”(然而，很少有人意识到宇航员为了能够胜任，是如何准备的。他们需要在一年内完成……等许多理论课程的学习，这是一项超人般的任务，相当于把一个普通大学生四年的学习计划缩短到12个月)，抓住关键词qualified(胜任的，有资格的)，all in one year(一年之内)和12 months(12个月)可知，要获得宇航员的资格，能够胜任，就必须参加12个月的课程学习(12month course study)，以上关键词与题目呼应，综上本题选A。 11．Why does the author write this passage? A．To comment on taikonauts' achievements. B．To introduce some extraordinary taikonauts. C.To present the huge development of China's space exploration. D.To praise taikonauts' commitment to China's space exploration. 解析：选D　推理判断题。本题要求探寻作者的写作目的，纵观全文，作者先从中国航天的飞速发展，一位又一位宇航员登上太空，取得突破的卓越成就说起，接着话锋一转，第四段首句进行了过渡，“However, few people realize how taikonauts prepare themselves to be qualified.”(然而，很少有人了解到宇航员为了能够胜任，是如何准备的)，接着介绍了超人般的理论课程学习和近乎极限的体能训练这两个方面，结尾处更是直接引用了“Without exceptional perseverance, they don't make it”(没有非凡的毅力，他们不会成功)作结，综合以上分析，文章的落脚点在宇航员身上，目的是讴歌赞扬中国宇航员对中国航天探索的巨大贡献(To praise taikonauts' commitment to China's space exploration.)，综上本题选D。 Ⅳ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Critical Reading Critical reading applies to nonfiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading.__1__ Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader. Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context rather than yours.Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context rather than yours. __2__ Question opinions made by the author. Don't accept what is written at face value. __3__ Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if the author has involved the work of authorities. __4__ Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to propose opinions. However, in many cases, you must read carefully in order to identify any indirect assumption. Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid. Evaluate the sources the author uses. In doing this, be certain that the sources are credible as well as relevant.__5__ For example, studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics. A．Analyze assumptions made by the author. B．What is written may very well reflect the author's position. C．Before accepting it, be certain that the author provides abundant support for any view made. D．Look to see that what is written is consistent with what others have written about the subject. E．It involves questioning, evaluating and forming your own ideas about what the author is saying. F．Moreover, if the author is writing about a subject in its current state, be sure that the sources are current. G．In either case, you must take into account the differences between your values and attitudes and the author's. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文，介绍了什么是批判性阅读以及如何成为批判性读者的策略。 1．选E　上句“Critical reading is active reading.”是对批判性阅读的概括，下文应该是进一步的解释，E项与上句连接，是补充说明。故选E。 2．选G　本段主要内容是建议读者考虑所读内容的创作背景，上文中的“You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context rather than yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context rather than yours.”介绍了两种情况，G项中In either case与上文的两种情况呼应，故选G。 3．选C　本段建议我们要质疑作者的观点。根据上文中的“Don't accept what is written at face value.”可知，我们不要接受表面上写的东西，C项中的accepting与文中的accept呼应，建议我们在接受它之前，要确定作者对任何观点都提供了充分的依据。故选C。 4．选A　根据下文中的“Assumptions are...opinions.”和“indirect assumption”可知，本段主题是如何对待作者的假设。根据“you must read carefully in order to identify any indirect assumption. Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid”可知，我们要分析作者的假设，故选A。 5．选F　最后一段建议我们评估作者使用的资料来源。上句指出要确保信息来源是可信的，而且是相关的，下文提到所使用的资料应与当前的知识相一致，F项与上句承接，且下文是对F项的解释，符合本段语境。故选F。 Ⅴ.语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we exercise hard, we burn fat. But have you ever wondered where exactly the fat 1.________ (go)? Some doctors think that fat is changed 2.________ heat and given off in the air. Others think the body burns it. According to a study that 3.________ (carry) out by Australian scientists earlier this year, however, the correct answer is 4.________ most of the fat is breathed out as carbon dioxide and then disappears. In 5.________ study, scientists followed the atoms in 10 kilograms of fat as they became lost. They found that 8.4 of those kilograms had been breathed out as carbon dioxide through the lungs. And the other weight, 1.6 kilograms, became water and then left the body. “None of this is easy 6.___________ (understand) because we can't see the carbon dioxide we breathe out，” said the study's lead expert. Does that mean you can lose more weight by breathing more? Not really. The study shows that 7.________ (breathe) too much can make you uncomfortable. You may feel dizzy (眩晕的) and lose the 8.________ (able) to see, move or feel. So how can people lose weight 9.__________ (healthy)? The key is to eat less food and do 10.________ (much) exercise. [语篇解读]　本文为说明文，题材为日常生活类。我们运动时脂肪去哪儿了？答案是变成二氧化碳被呼出来了。想要健康减肥，最佳方法是少吃多运动。 1．goes　这里讲述的是经常发生或反复发生的动作，故用一般现在时。 2．into　change sth. into sth.是固定短语，意为“把……变成……”。此处用的是它的被动语态形式。 3．was carried　在关系代词that引导的定语从句中，主语that(指代a study)是carry out所表示动作的承受者，故用被动语态；这里讲述的是今年早些时候的事，故用一般过去时。 4．that　该空所填词引导表语从句，且在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分，故填that。 5．the　the study特指前面提到的那个研究。 6．to understand　“主语(表示物的名词或指代物的代词)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，常用不定式主动形式表示被动含义。 7．breathing　breathing too much是动名词短语作主语。 8．ability　根据该空前后的内容可知，填形容词able的名词形式ability。 9．healthily　空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，故填形容词healthy的副词形式healthily。 10．more　根据该空前面的less可知，这里填much的比较级more。 Ⅵ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sabrina and I were in gym class together. I was quiet and kind. She was a bully (恃强凌弱者). She and her sidekicks (死党) enjoyed harassing (骚扰) me on a daily basis. I was less than athletic. That day, we had played soccer. I not only embarrassed myself, but also made Sabrina mad—basically because she was in my team, and we didn't win. So, in the shower, she threatened me! “I will meet you after class，” she sneered (讥笑). Immediately class was over, I slid out of the teacher's entrance and ran to my locker where Susan, my elder sister, was already waiting for me, so we could walk home together. “What's up with you？” she asked, noticing the look of panic in my eyes. “Sabrina！” I choked. “We lost the soccer game in gym and it was my fault.” “Oh，” Susan simply stated. “Well，” she said, “We will walk down Seventeenth South instead of Harrison. It's out of the way enough so that Sabrina won't find us.” The next day, in the homeroom, Sabrina's best friend passed me a note that stated, “At lunch, you will pay for running away！” I didn't even look up, but I accidentally swallowed my gum and felt a severe pain in my chest. Mr. Mckonkie excused me going to the nurse's office. Walking down the hall, I felt a slight sense of relief and freedom. But suddenly someone hit me on the shoulder from behind. “You little chicken！” Sabrina's voice sneered. I didn't turn around. I started running down the hall. I had no idea what she was going to do and I was really freaked out (吓坏了). Sabrina was now chasing me. At last, she caught up with me enough to kick the back of my legs, trying to knock me down. In a panic, I swung around to the stairs. Sabrina was so close to me by then that my sudden shift in direction knocked her off balance and she toppled down the stairs. I stood there watching her fall. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 At first, I felt a sudden independence and victory.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Sabrina never harassed me after that.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： At first, I felt a sudden independence and victory. I sneered and was turning to run away when I noticed that Sabrina struggled, attempting to rise but failed. Instinct taking over, I thought I must do something. I practically raced down the stairs and touched her shoulder. “Can I help？” I asked gently. “I cannot walk，” she moaned, breathing hard. Then she looked up, her eyes misted over. Instantly, I helped her into a standing position, put her arm around my shoulders and together we hobbled to the nurse's office. Sabrina never harassed me after that. We never became friends, but from that moment at the foot of the stairs, I was convinced that I had earned her respect. She still hated being in my team in gym class and flared up sometimes, but things were different. Her best friend would still pick on me occasionally, but Sabrina would shake her head and quietly say, “Leave her alone.” And always she would. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $