Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A 知识清单 -2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A What should we do when we don't feel well？知识点 一、单元词汇 单词 Section A 1. pron. 我们自己 2. adj. 疼痛的，酸痛的 3. n. 喉咙 4. n. 胃疼，肚子疼 5. n. 头痛 6. n. 牙痛 7. n.背痛，腰痛 8. v. 压，按，挤，推 9. n. 鼻子出血 10. n. 牙科医生 11. n. 发烧 12. n.胃，腹部 13. v. 避免，防止 14. n. 气体，燃气 15. n. ＆ v. 疼痛 16. n. X-光，X-射线 17. adj.不小心的，粗心的 18. adj. 流鼻涕的，流眼泪的 19. v.＆ n. 咳嗽 20. adj. 受了瘀伤的 21. v. 受苦，遭受 22. v.＆ n. 检查，测验 23. n. 流行性感冒 24. n. 药，医学 25. n. 口罩 26. n. 病毒 27. n. 描写，形容 28. n. 病人 adj. 有耐性的 19. n. 伤害，损害 30. n. 疾病 31. n. 刀 pl. 32. v. 清理 adj.清晰的，清楚的 33. n.疼痛，痛苦 34. n. 亮度 35. n. 环境 36. v. 穿越，横过，交叉 短语 Section A 1. 喉咙痛 2. 喝足够的水 3. 和一些带蜂蜜的水 4. 看牙医 5. 按住你的鼻子 6. 清理（伤口）区并包扎 7. 受苦，受折磨 8. 去看医生 9. 流鼻涕的鼻子 10. 淤青的膝盖 11. 坐下 12. 给某人量体温 13. 戴口罩 14. 阻止，防止 15. 照看，照料 16 寻求建议 17. 从我的自行车摔下 18. 看远处的东西 19. 更改你的屏幕亮度 20. 过马路 21. 事实上 22. 代替，而不是 23. 更有甚者，更重要的 二、单元重点、难点、考点精讲 Section A 【考点1】What’s the matter？What’s wrong？ 【解析】 该句型是询问某人有什么病，哪里不舒服或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题，其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。 如：---What’s the matter with you ?你怎么了？ --- I have a very bad cold. 我重感冒了。 ---What is the matter with you? You look worried.你怎么了？看起来很担心。 ---I’m worried about my English exam.我担心英语考试. 【考点2】 I have a stomachache 【解析】 have a/an + 疾病名词 “患……病” (cold/fever/cough) 如：have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛 have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒 have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache患牙痛 have a headache 患头痛 have a backache患背痛 【考点3】①ate too many ②talked too much and didn’t 【解析】辨析：too much/too many/much too 短语 含义 用法 例句 too much 太多 用作形容词，后接不可数名词 There is too much rain these days 用作副词，修饰动词，放在动词之后 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 用作名词 You gave me too much. too many 太多 后接可数名词复数 There are too many things for me to do every day. much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 It’s much too cold in winter. 【考点4】rest and drink enough water 【解析】 enough 的用法： ①做形容词，足够的，充足的，充分的，常放于名词之前，用于修饰名词复数或不可数名词。 There is not enough food for ten people. 食物不够十个人的。 Don’t ask me to do it.I have got enough problems. 别让我做，我已经有很多问题了。 ②用作副词，足够地，充分地，放于动词，形容词或副词之后。 You don’t practise enough. 你练习得不够。 He is not old enough to travel alone. 他太小，不能独自旅行。 Does she speak Italian well enough to get the job？要得到那份工作，她意大利语足够好吗？ 【考点5】Avoid for now as the gas could make the ache worse. 【解析】 avoid的用法: 动词 防止，避免，回避，躲避 过去式：avoided He always tried to avoid an argument if possible. 如果可能，他尽量避免争吵。 avoid doing sth He has to avoid eating fatty food. 他必须避免吃油腻食物。 【考点6】I'm suffering from / I have a very bad headache 【解析】 suffer的用法：动词，过去式：suffered ①.作为及物动词：直接承受（痛苦、损失等） 后面直接接宾语，宾语通常是痛苦、伤害、损失、失败等抽象名词。 The company suffered huge losses last year. 公司去年遭受了巨大损失。 He suffered severe injuries in the accident. 他在事故中受了重伤。 ②. 作为不及物动词（常与介词 from 连用）：患有，受…折磨 这是最常见用法之一，表示长期患有疾病、或受困于某种问题。 She suffers from back pain. 她患有背痛。 Many people suffer from anxiety and depression. 许多人受焦虑和抑郁困扰。 The area suffers from a severe water shortage. 该地区饱受严重缺水之苦。 ③. 单独作为不及物动词：受苦；变差 可以单独使用，表示“遭受痛苦”或“品质变差”。 He suffered greatly after the death of his wife. 妻子去世后，他非常痛苦。 His grades suffered when he stopped studying. 他停止学习后，成绩就下降了。 【考点7】patient （1）做名词：病人，复数形式：patients some cancer patients 一些癌症病人 （2）做形容词，有耐心的，能忍耐的 be patient with sb./sth. 对...有耐心 She is very patient with young children. 她对孩子很有耐心。 【拓展】 副词形式：patiently She sat patiently waiting for her turn. 她耐心坐着等待轮到自己。 名词形式：patience 耐心，忍耐力 短语：lose patience with sb. 对某人失去耐心 【考点8】Should I stay inside？ 【解析】 stay 动词 过去式: stayed ①停留，待， Stay here until I come back. 待在这里，直到我回来。 I stayed in bed until 10 o'clock. 我在床上躺到十点。 ②保持，继续处于（某种状态或局面） 可后加形容词，I tried to stay awake. 我尽量保持清醒。 加名词，We promised to stay friends for ever. 我们约定永远做朋友。 做名词，停留，逗留 I enjoyed my stay in Paris.我在巴黎停留期间很开心。 【考点9】Be careful when you are using a knife 【解析】 可数名词单数变复数的规则之一： 以f或fe 结尾的部分单词，把f或fe变成v再加es 初中阶段常见单词有：wife（妻子），knife（刀子），wolf（狼）thief（小偷），shelf（架子），life（生命）leaf（树叶），self（自己），half（一半） 【记忆口诀】 妻子（wife）持刀（knife)去宰狼(wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌； 躲在架（shelf）后保己(self）命（life），半片（half）树叶（leaf）遮目光 【考点10】 Her clearest memory is not of the race ，but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. 【解析】 (1) clear 作形容词，清楚的，清晰的，明白的 Are these instructions clear enough？这些说明清楚吗？ 透明的，清澈的，（天气）晴朗的 clear glass 透明的玻璃 clear water 清澈的水 a clear blue sky 晴朗的蓝天 作动词，清理，清除（不需要的东西） It is your turn to clear the table. 到你清理桌子了。 （2）pain 名词 疼痛，痛苦 in pain 处于痛苦，疼痛中 【拓展】形容词形式：painful 疼痛的，令人不快的 a painful experience 一段痛苦经历 【考点11】To protect you eyes，every 20 minutes ，you rest your eyes and look at something far away. 【解析】 protect 动词 ，保护，防护 过去式：protected 常用搭配: protect sb/sth from sth/ doing sth保护...免受...的伤害，保护...远离...的伤害 Parents try to protect their children from danger. 父亲努力保护孩子远离危险。 We need to protect the children from getting hurt.（我们需要保护孩子们免受伤害。） protect sb/sth against sth Wear a hat to protect you head against the sun. 戴上帽子防止头部晒伤。 【拓展】 名词形式：protection 【考点12】What’s more，you change you screen's brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. 【解析】 match 做名词，复数形式：matches ①火柴 a box of matches 一盒火柴 ②比赛，竞赛 a football match 足球比赛 ③敌手，旗鼓相当的人或物 I was his match at tennis. 打网球我和他不相上下。 做动词，过去式：matched ①般配，相配 match sth to/with sth 把...和...搭配... Match the word with the right picture. 把 词语与图片配对 三 单元语法聚焦 一．情态动词 should 和could 情态动词should 和 could可用来表示建议或提议 1 should 后加动词原形：“应当，应该，可以” 用来表达职责和建议，提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法 You should wear a mask when you are outside. 你外出时，应该戴口罩。 should 的否定形式：should not/shouldn't 不应该，不应当 You shouldn’t eat too much next time. 下次别吃那么多了。 2 could 的用法 （1）礼貌的要求或请求 Could you please open the window？ 你能开一下窗户吗？ （2）提出建议，比can 更委婉，本单元的学习内容 If you want to say sorry， you could call him. 如果你想说对不起，可以给他打电话 （3）can的过去式，可以，能够。表示过去的能力 When I was young, I could run very fast. （我年轻时跑得很快。） （4）表达可能性 If you don't wear a coat, you could get sick.（如果你不穿外套，可能会生病的。) 二 反身代词 （Reflexive Pronouns) 1.反身代词是英语中表达: “......自己，本身”含义的一类代词。 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 2. 用法： 句 法 作 用 例 句 用作动词或介词的宾语 Be careful when you are using a knife. Don’t cut yourself. You need to take care of yourself when I am away. 主语或宾语的同位语 I cooked the dinner myself. 我自己做的晚饭。 You had better ask the dentist himself. 你最好问牙医本人。 做表语 Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。 反身代词组成部分动词短语： enjoy oneself 玩的开心 help oneself （to sth）自用，自取（食物，饮料等）请随意 cut oneself 割伤自己 hurt oneself 伤到自己 teach oneself 自学=learn...by oneself by oneself 独自地 过关检测 一.单项选择 1.There’s rain on the road, so she should drive carefully. A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too 2.--- What's the matter   you? --- I have   sore throat. A. on; the B. with; a C. on; a D. with; the 3.You   put on your warm clothes when you go out. It's so cold outside. A. should B. shall C. may D. can 4.---How are you going to improve   this term? --- Work harder than last term. A. ourselves B. myself C. himself D. yourself 5.Be careful! You might   the ladder. A fall off B fall down C get up D get on 6 . Mary often   severe headaches and she plans to see a doctor tomorrow. . A suffers from B suffers of C suffers with D suffers to 7.To stay healthy, it's important to ________ eating too much processed food. A. avoid to eat B. avoid from eating C. avoid eating D. avoid to eatin 8.My teacher told me to be more_______ with my homework , so I wouldn't make_____ mistakes. A. careful; careful B. careless; careful C. careful; careless D. careless; careless 9. We should do something to ______ the children ________ swimming in the dangerous river. A. stop; to B. stop; from C. stop; for D. stop; at 10.---Do you mind if I smoke here, madam? ---____. It’s not allowed in public, you know. A. Of course not B. Yes, you can C. You’d better not D. No, you can’t 二 单词填空 1.My mom has two sharp k________ in the kitchen for cutting vegetables. 2. The doctor is very kind,and he is ________ (有耐心的) with all her ________ (病人) 3. Please write a ____ (describe) of your best friend. Tell me what he or she looks like and what kind of person he or she is. 4.If you have a cough, you should take some m________ (药) after meals 5. His mother will use a thermometer to take her son's ________ (体温) because he feels sick. 6. I need to go to the ________ (牙医) to check my teeth. 7. To open the door, please ________ （按，压）the red button on the wall. 8. He ate too much ice cream and now he has a ________ (胃痛). 9. I can't see the words on my phone screen clearly. I need to turn up the ________ (亮度). 10. We should protect the ________ (环境) because it is our home. 三 .完形填空 Keeping Healthy: A Guide for Busy Students As a student, keeping healthy is very important for your study and life. However, it can be challenging. Here is some advice that may help you. First, a balanced diet (饮食均衡）is important. You should eat 1  fruits and vegetables every day. Try to  2 eating too much junk food, because it is usually high in sugar and fat. Instead, choose whole grains(全麦）, lean proteins（低脂蛋白）, and drink plenty of water. A good diet gives your body the 3 it needs to get through the day. Second, regular exercise is a key part of a 4 lifestyle. You don't have to play sports for hours every day. Instead, even 30 minutes of exercise, like walking or cycling, can make a big 5 . Exercise not only helps you build a strong body but also makes you relaxed. Third, enough sleep is also important. Most teenagers need about 8-10 hours of sleep each night. Lack of sleep（缺少睡眠） may cause you to feel tired and have 6 studying in class. So, put away your phone before bedtime and try to keep a good sleep schedule. Finally, don't forget your mental health（精神健康）. It's normal to feel stressed sometimes, 7 before exams. 8 to friends, parents, or teachers can be very useful. Also, having a hobby is a good way to 9 stress and enjoy life. Remember, a healthy lifestyle is a habit, not a single action. Start with small changes, and you will find it 10  to become healthier and happier. 1.A.enough B. clear C. strict D stressed 2.A.try B. hate C. avoid D. enjoy 3.A.energy B. return C.object D sense 4. A health B healthy C unhealthy D healthily 5.A.difference B. role C. fight D. mess 6.A.difficulty B. time C. fun D interest 7.A. especially B. specially C. importantly D. surprisingly 8.A.Talk B. Talked C. Talking D. Talks 9.A.increase B. improve C. stay D. reduce 10.A.easier B. easily C. more easily D. easiest 三. 阅读理解 A Mr. Jenkins liked all kinds of delicious food. As an important officer, he was often invited to dinner. The shopkeepers（店主们） tried their best to fawn on（巴结）him. They knew it was good for their business. Now the officer got fatter and fatter. He could hardly go upstairs（上楼） at home and had to sleep downstairs（楼下）. He often felt tired if he walked or did some housework. He was worried about it and had to go to a doctor. “Stop eating much fat（脂肪） and sugar, Mr. Jenkins,” said the doctor. “Or it will be worse for your health!”It was difficult for the officer to do it. He wouldn’t do as the doctor said. He found something was wrong with his heart a few months later. Now he thought the doctor was right. And he had to be in hospital. “You must lose weight（减肥）,sir,”said the doctor,“unless you want to die soon!” “Could you tell me a way to lose weight, please?” “You must do some exercise first.” “Which exercise?” “To move your head from side to side when you are invited to dinner!” 1. Mr. Jenkins was often asked to dinner because . A. he liked the delicious food B. he was ready to help others C. he was friendly to the shopkeepers D. he was helpful to their business 2. What did Mr. Jenkins do? A. A doctor. B. A cook. C. A businessman. D. An officer. 3. What happened to Mr. Jenkins after being invited? A. He got fatter and fatter. B. He hardly went upstairs. C. He felt tired. D. All above are right. 4. It was difficult for Mr. Jenkins to do everything, so . A. he didn’t go to dinner B. he began to do some exercise C. he went to ask the doctor for help D. he had to take some medicine 5. Which of the following is true? A. The doctor told Mr. Jenkins not to do exercise. B. The doctor told Mr. Jenkins to move his head. C. The doctor told Mr. Jenkins not to go to dinner. D. The doctor thought Mr. Jenkins would die. B Parents have tried hard for years to make children go to bed on time. In Scotland(苏格兰）, however, all the family will enjoy sweet dreams in the future, as pupils are taught how to sleep. The project is run by an organization called Sleep Scotland (睡眠苏格兰). In the class, students will be taught tips such as the importance of a regular bedtime and avoiding late night television. Parents and teachers will also be given reports to help teenagers to get good sleep. According to a research（调查） in the UK, 25% teenagers are not getting enough sleep at night. They stay awake for hours after midnight to watch TV, play games or surf the Internet. It is one reason why students get angry easily, have trouble communicating with others and don't achieve at school. All the schools offering sleep lessons reported that the project was very helpful. One 15­year­old teenager has taken a series of (一系列) the lessons and tried going to bed early after the lessons. "I go to my bed at 10 o'clock, and I do feel much more awake in the daytime," he said. "I am not sleeping in French class, as I did before, so my French teacher is very pleased." 6. What does the underlined word "run" in the second paragraph probably mean? A. 跑步 B. 管理 C. 竞选 D. 转移 7. Who is the sleep lesson for? A. Parents. B. Teenagers. C. Teachers. D. Doctors. 8. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Most teenagers in the UK get angry easily. B. Pupils in Scotland will sleep better than before. C. Students will be told to avoid late­ night television. D. All the schools offering sleep lessons think the project is helpful. 9. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Sleep in Class B. Sleep Scotland C. Sleep Time D. Sleep Lessons 参考答案 短语 1 sore throat 2 drink enough water 3 drink some water with honey 4 see a dentist 5 press down on your nose 6 clean the area and cover it7 suffer from 8 go to the doctor 9 runny nose 10 bruised knee 11 take a seat 12 take one’s temperature 13 wear a mask 14 stop...from.... 15 take care of 16 ask for advice 17 fall off my bike 18 look at something far away 19 change your screen’s brightness 20 cross the road 21 in fact 22 instead of 23 what’s more 过关检测 一 单项选择 1-5 A DADA 6 -10ACCBC 二 单词填空 1 knives 2 patient patients 3 description 4 medicine 5 temperature 6 dentist 7 press 8 stomachache 9 brightness 10 environment 三 完型填空 1-5 ACABA 6 AACDA 四 阅读理解 A 篇 1-5 DDDCC B篇 6-9 BBAD ( 1 / 11 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $