专练04 情态动词（专题专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专练04 情态动词 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 考向01 情态动词基本用法 考向02 情态动词在句子翻译中运用 B组·抢分能力练 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 （2026年青浦区一模） Or it____5____go all the way just to sit in Asia or Africa, spoiling the landscape, blocking rivers, entering the ocean, being swallowed by marine life and perhaps finding its way back into your home and even into your body. （2026年杨浦区一模） Researchers maintain that addressing the root causes of illegal hunting____10____ be the top priority for a long-term solution, instead of dehorning rhinos. 考向01 情态动词基本用法 1．The school has made it a rule that students not use mobile phones in class. (用适当的词填空) 2．They have missed the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason. (用适当的词填空) 3．The principles we are finding in the fruit fly(果蝇)brain-the logic and organization- be the same as those in human brains. (用适当的词填空) 4．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no weapon in your hand. (用适当的词填空) 5．At the same time, live, detailed maps of Earth’s surface aid humanity in amazing ways. (用适当的词填空) 6．If you don’t know the names of certain people, you be able to ask older relatives, thereby involving them in your research. (用适当的词填空) 7．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. (用适当的词填空) 8．Whisper Camel-Means, the tribes division manager for the wildlife refuge, said under the Fish and Wildlife Service supervision, the exhibits there previously used a different tribes’ word for bison, which they not accept. (用适当的词填空) 9．How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We react to them like evils of selfishness or like heroes of love. (用适当的词填空) 10．I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She not have spoken at the meeting. (用适当的词填空) 考向02 情态动词在句子翻译中运用 1．我能看一下你昨天拍的照片吗？（may） 2．人们普遍认为一部好的文学作品应该雅俗共赏。(appeal  v.) 3．你最好别打扰他，他现在心情不好。(mood) 4．90%的人都无法拒绝这样的一种善意。(reject) 5．我一定是把钥匙落在姐姐家了。(must) 6．我本不应该浪费我的时间的，我现在感到很后悔。(should) 7．无论情况有多复杂，他都能保持冷静，应对自如。（no matter） 8．老年人晚上不要喝浓茶，以免睡不着。(in case) 9．这部科幻片受到普遍认可，可想而知，制片团队一定参考了大量的物理学论文。（refer） 10．那位摄影师当时应该意识到他的照相机虽捕捉到了共情和赋能的瞬间，却也在无意中伤害了残障人士的自尊心，侵犯了志愿者们的隐私。（dignity） Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank. There’s a type of porridge (粥) in China that’s filled with tradition and celebrated for its delicious taste. Unfortunately, to my mind, it also has a funny name. Every year during the Laba Festival, which 41 (happen) on the eighth day of the 12th lunar month, Laba porridge is the food traditionally served. However, the first time I heard its name was in a nursery rhyme my daughter’s nanny sang to her, 42 goes: “after Laba is the Lunar New Year” to her. But thanks to my bad Chinese and her heavy accent, I instead heard Laba in different tones that changed the meaning to “poop (粪便)”. For a good two days I thought it was a nursery rhyme which, 43 help toddlers (幼儿) with potty (如厕) training. I was very wrong. The Laba Festival arrives before Lunar New Year. Traditionally observed by Buddhists to honor the enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama, the festival is now 44 (much) of a time for reflection, gratitude and preparing for the upcoming Lunar New Year festivities. Laba porridge is delicious and beautiful. Its heartiness lies in its array of ingredients. While every family has their own variation, 45 typically includes a mix of beans, rice, nuts and dried fruits. The key ingredients, however, are glutinous rice (糯米), beans and various grains, cooked 46 the rice thickens. Each ingredient has symbolic significance around the ideas of prosperity and health. For example, red beans symbolize good luck and happiness, 47 glutinous rice signifies family unity. Traditionally, before the Lunar New Year, families gather to prepare Laba porridge together, fostering a sense of unity and 48 (share) traditions, much like how families in the US do with their Thanksgiving meals. It’s about the time you spend together 49 the food you eat. Laba porridge is one of those dishes that hold a special place in Chinese culinary heritage, 50 (combine) history, symbolism and a sense of community. In each steaming bowl of Laba porridge are well-wishes that one family member bestows upon another. Passage 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the Proper form of the given word for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. At a hyper-controlled indoor farm At a hyper-controlled indoor farm in industrial South San Francisco, four robots carefully transfer seeds from barcoded (有条形码的) trays into 4. 5-meter towers that ____1____ (hang) vertically inside a 445 sq metre grow room. Workers inspect the greens for imperfect produce, but there is almost ____2____. Then the pesticide-free product is packaged and put on a truck ____3____ (deliver) to a local market where the customer becomes the first person to touch it. With the world’s population expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, most of ____4____ will be living in cities, experts say a 70% increase from current levels of global food production will be needed. But agricultural land is ____5____ short supply thanks to the climate crisis and urbanization. Indoor farming raised more than $1bn in 2021, exceeding the combined funding in 2018 and2019. But critics say the massive energy costs ____6____ (need) to run vertical farms make the practice far less eco-friendly than their branding suggests. Designed to produce yields hundreds of times larger than traditional outdoor farming, vertical farms occupy spaces such as buildings or shipping containers while using 70 to 95% less water ____7____ they can recapture and recycle rather than waste it due to poor irrigation (灌溉) . Products are fully traceable from seed to shelf, stay ____8____ (fresh) longer and there’s little risk of bacteria or having to transport them long distances in trucks and planes. Entrepreneurs like Irving Fain, CEO and founder of Manhattan-based Bowery Farming, say that they’re gathering knowledge about plant growth that ____9____ otherwise take traditional farmers outdoors hundreds of years to gain. The possibilities raised by vertical farms have also captured the imagination of a number of large venture capitalist s and private equity funds. “While it is still too early to tell ____10____ these high-tech, high-rise growing machines will become a real estate asset class in their own right, some investors are starting to take a serious look at vertical farming as a possible new asset category.” said Fain. （2023年6月·上海高考真题） Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 ) __________(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )__________(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age. One day, a dispute arose in the kingdom, Two farmers were arguing about the ownership of a piece of land, They could not settle the matter themselves ( 24 )__________each claimed the land was theirs. The case was brought before King Mosi, who was known for his fair judgments. The king listened to both sides of the story. He then asked, " Who among you can tell me.how many seeds are in the fruit of the baobab tree?" The farmers looked at each other, puzzled. They did not know the answer. King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. Therefore, l decree that this land shall be shared between you. You will work on it together and share the fruits of your labor equally.” The farmers were taken aback by the king's wisdom. They agreed to the king's decision and thanked him for his fair judgment. From that day forward, they( 26 )__________work together on the land and became the best friends. The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )__________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. The story of King Mosi's wisdom spread far and wide, and he was respected by all who heard about him. And so, king Mosi continued to rule his kingdom with wisdom and fairness, earning (28)__________a place in the annals (编年史) of history, His story is a reminder of ( 29 )__________wisdom can bring( 30 )__________ peace and harmony. It is a story that has been passed down through generations, a testament to King Mosi's enduring legacy. This is the story of King Mosi, a wise and just ruler who made a significant impact on his kingdom and its people, His story continues to inspire and teach valuable lessons about leadership and justice 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专练04 情态动词 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 考向01 情态动词基本用法 考向02 情态动词在句子翻译中运用 B组·抢分能力练 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 （2026年青浦区一模） Or it____5____go all the way just to sit in Asia or Africa, spoiling the landscape, blocking rivers, entering the ocean, being swallowed by marine life and perhaps finding its way back into your home and even into your body. 【答案】 5. may##might 【5题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：或者它可能一路到达亚洲或非洲，破坏景观、堵塞河流、进入海洋、被海洋生物吞食，甚至可能回到你的家中，甚至进入你的身体。根据前文的Much more likely和If it is packaging itself that has been thrown, it will probably可知，此处表示可能性，应用情态动词may或might，后接动词原形。故填may/might。 （2026年杨浦区一模） Researchers maintain that addressing the root causes of illegal hunting____10____ be the top priority for a long-term solution, instead of dehorning rhinos. 【答案】 10. should##must 【10题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：研究人员认为，解决非法狩猎的根源应是/必须是长期解决方案的首要任务，而不是去犀牛角。根据语境可知，此处表建议、义务或必须，用情态动词should/ must。故填should/ must。 考向01 情态动词基本用法 1．The school has made it a rule that students not use mobile phones in class. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：学校规定，学生禁止在课堂中使用手机。结合句意可知，学校已经明确规定；结合生活常识可知，学生在上课过程中应该是“禁止”使用手机。表示“禁止”为情态动词mustn’t。故填must。 2．They have missed the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】may 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他们可能错过了飞机，或者由于某种原因被阻止来。由“or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason”可知，句子表示“他们可能错过了飞机，或者由于某种原因被阻止来”，空格处是对过去的推测，表示“可能做过某事”，是may have done，因此空格处是may，故填may。 3．The principles we are finding in the fruit fly(果蝇)brain-the logic and organization- be the same as those in human brains. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】could 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们在果蝇大脑中发现的原理——逻辑和组织——可能与人类大脑中的原理相同。根据空后动词原形be可知，空格处应填入情态动词。根据句意，此处表示推测，意为“可能”。故填could。 4．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no weapon in your hand. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】may/might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：握手最初可能是一种古老的习俗，用来向陌生人展示你手中没有武器。分析句子结构可知，本句中主语为动名词Handshaking，为单数，而谓语动词是have started，且have是用的原形；结合句意，此处表达一种猜测，所以应该用情态动词may/might have done表示“有可能”。故填may或might。 5．At the same time, live, detailed maps of Earth’s surface aid humanity in amazing ways. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】could/can/may/might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：与此同时，实时的、详细的地球表面地图可以/可能以惊人的方式帮助人类。aid是动词原形，空格处用情态动词，根据语境可知，句子表示“实时的、详细的地球表面地图可以/可能以惊人的方式帮助人类”，空格处意为“可以/可能”，用情态动词could/can/may/might。故填could/can/may/might。 6．If you don’t know the names of certain people, you be able to ask older relatives, thereby involving them in your research. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】might/may 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：如果你不知道某些人的名字，你可以询问年长的亲戚，从而让他们参与你的研究。空后为be动词原形，且结合句意此处表示“可以，能够”，应用情态动词may/might。故填may/might。 7．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：但是食品杂货店的面包必须在漫长的运输和贮存期间保持新鲜度。分析句子结构可知，bread是句子的主语且是单数形式，而空格后动词stay用了动词原形。换言之，空格要填上一个词使得stay保持形式不变，考虑情态动词。再分析句意，长时间的运输和贮存肯定会使面包失去新鲜度，因此就得想办法让它保持新鲜。must语气最强烈。故填must。 8．Whisper Camel-Means, the tribes division manager for the wildlife refuge, said under the Fish and Wildlife Service supervision, the exhibits there previously used a different tribes’ word for bison, which they not accept. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】would/could 【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意：野生动物保护区的部落部门经理Whisper Camel-Means说，在鱼类和野生动物管理局的监督下，那里的展品之前使用了不同部落对野牛的说法，他们不会接受这一点。空后是动词原形，空格处用情态动词，此处表示“他们不会接受这一点”，空格处表示“不会”或“不能”，由said可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处情态动词用过去式would/could，故填would/could。 9．How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We react to them like evils of selfishness or like heroes of love. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】can 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们可以像自私的恶魔或有爱的英雄那样对待他们。根据上文的“How we respond to them, however, is up to us.”可知，这里指的是我们可以采取的方式，表示“可以、能够”用情态动词can。故填can。 10．I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She not have spoken at the meeting. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】could 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：今天早上我在会议室没看到她。她不可能在会上发言。根据句意以及前面一句中didn’t see可知，此处为couldn’t have done sth.表示对过去情况进行推测，意为“过去不可能发生某情况”。故填could。 考向02 情态动词在句子翻译中运用 1．我能看一下你昨天拍的照片吗？（may） 【答案】May I have a look at the photos that you took yesterday? 【详解】考查情态动词和定语从句。“我能做某事吗”用May I do sth.，“看一下”是have a look at，“照片”是the photos，“你昨天拍的”用定语从句，修饰photos，用that引导，“拍”是take，由“昨天”可知，时态用一般过去时，“昨天”是yesterday，因此整个句子翻译为“May I have a look at the photos that you took yesterday?”，故答案为May I have a look at the photos that you took yesterday?。 2．人们普遍认为一部好的文学作品应该雅俗共赏。(appeal  v.) 【答案】It is generally believed that a good work of literature should appeal to all social groups. 【详解】考查固定句型和固定短语。“人们普遍认为”是固定句型It is generally believed that...，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，“一部好的文学作品”是a good work of literature，“应该”是should，“雅俗共赏”翻译为appeal to all social groups，因此整句话翻译为“It is generally believed that a good work of literature should appeal to all social groups”，故答案为It is generally believed that a good work of literature should appeal to all social groups. 3．你最好别打扰他，他现在心情不好。(mood) 【答案】You’d better not disturb him; he is in a bad mood now. 【详解】考查固定句型、动词和名词。“你最好别……”用固定句型You’d better not表示；“打扰”用动词disturb。“心情不好”翻译为be in a bad mood，主语是he，be动词用is；“现在”用副词now作状语。故译为You’d better not disturb him; he is in a bad mood now. 4．90%的人都无法拒绝这样的一种善意。(reject) 【答案】90% of people can't reject that kind of kindness. 【详解】考查数词和动词。百分数+of+名词； reject 为及物动词，后接名词作宾语。根据句意，用情态动词can't。根据句意，故翻译为90% of people can't reject that kind of kindness. 5．我一定是把钥匙落在姐姐家了。(must) 【答案】I must have left my keys at my sister’s home. 【详解】考查情态动词、动词和名词。主语“我”用代词I，“一定是做了某事”是对过去事件的肯定推测，应用must have done，“把……落下”可用动词leave，“（我的）钥匙”应用名词短语my keys，“在姐姐家”可用介词短语at my sister’s home。故可译为：I must have left my keys at my sister’s home. 6．我本不应该浪费我的时间的，我现在感到很后悔。(should) 【答案】I shouldn’t have wasted my time, and now I feel very regretful. 【详解】考查虚拟语气。表示“我”应用I；表示“本不应该做某事”应用shouldn’t have done；表示“浪费”应用waste；表示“我的时间”应用my time；表示“现在”应用now；表示“感觉”应用feel，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词用原形；表示“很后悔”应用very regretful，此处为并列的两句话，应用连词and连接。故翻译成：I shouldn’t have wasted my time, and now I feel very regretful. 7．无论情况有多复杂，他都能保持冷静，应对自如。（no matter） 【答案】No matter how complicated the situation is, he can remain calm and handle it with ease. 【详解】考查让步状语从句和情态动词。根据句意，该句描述的是他面对任何复杂情况时的稳定能力，主句使用一般现在时；表示“无论情况有多复杂”用no matter how引导让步状语从句，how修饰形容词“复杂”为complicated，表示程度，位于句首单词首字母需大写；从句主语“情况”为the situation，谓语为is；主句主语“他”为he；谓语“能保持冷静”为can remain calm，情态动词can后接动词原形remain；“应对自如”译为handle it with ease，其中it指代the situation，with ease为固定搭配，表示“轻松地，自如地”；and连接两个并列的谓语动作。故翻译为No matter how complicated the situation is, he can remain calm and handle it with ease. 8．老年人晚上不要喝浓茶，以免睡不着。(in case) 【答案】The elderly shouldn’t drink strong tea at night in case they can’t fall asleep. 【详解】考查情态动词、短语和目的状语从句。表示“老年人晚上不要喝浓茶”：用情态动词否定形式shouldn’t drink strong tea at night，“老年人”对应the elderly作主语；表示“以免睡不着”：用连词in case引导目的状语从句，“睡不着”译为can’t fall asleep，作in case的从句内容。故翻译为The elderly shouldn’t drink strong tea at night in case they can’t fall asleep. 9．这部科幻片受到普遍认可，可想而知，制片团队一定参考了大量的物理学论文。（refer） 【答案】The science fiction film is widely acknowledged, and as can be imagined, the production team must have referred to a wealth of physics papers. 【详解】考查定语从句和情态动词。“科幻片”英文表达为science fiction film，动词acknowledge表示“承认、认可”，两者之间为被动关系，故“这部科幻片受到普遍认可”可译为The science fiction film is widely acknowledged，该句为一般现在时，表示客观事实；“可想而知”可用以关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句表达，译为as can be imagined，修饰主句“制片团队一定参考了大量的物理学论文”，该句表示对过去已发生事情的推测，故谓语部分应用情态动词must+have done来表示，“制片团队”译为the production team，动词短语refer to表示“参考”，a wealth of表示“大量的”，故“大量的物理学论文”可译为a wealth of physics papers，故该句译为the production team must have referred to a wealth of physics papers.。故全句译为The science fiction film is widely acknowledged, and as can be imagined, the production team must have referred to a wealth of physics papers.。 10．那位摄影师当时应该意识到他的照相机虽捕捉到了共情和赋能的瞬间，却也在无意中伤害了残障人士的自尊心，侵犯了志愿者们的隐私。（dignity） 【答案】The photographer should have realized at that time that while his camera captured the moments of empathy and empowerment, it also unintentionally hurt the dignity of disabled people and invaded the privacy of volunteers. 【详解】考查情态动词+have done、宾语从句、状语从句。根据汉语提示，表示“那位摄影师”用 The photographer，“当时”译为 at that time；表示“应该意识到”用 should have realized，暗含“本该做却未做”的语义“意识到”后接that引导的宾语从句，从句内部用while引导让步状语从句，表“虽然”。“捕捉”用captured（过去式，贴合过去语境），“共情”译为 empathy，“赋能”译为 empowerment，均为抽象名词，用of结构连接修饰 moments，因此表示“捕捉到共情和赋能的瞬间”用captured the moments of empathy and empowerment，表示“在无意中”用副词 unintentionally，修饰后续并列谓语；“自尊心”用dignity，“残障人士的自尊心”译为the dignity of disabled people；表示“伤害”用 hurt（过去式，与captured 时态一致）；表示“侵犯隐私”用 invaded the privacy；表示“志愿者们”用复数 volunteers，表泛指全体相关志愿者。故翻译为：The photographer should have realized at that time that while his camera captured the moments of empathy and empowerment, it also unintentionally hurt the dignity of disabled people and invaded the privacy of volunteers. Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank. There’s a type of porridge (粥) in China that’s filled with tradition and celebrated for its delicious taste. Unfortunately, to my mind, it also has a funny name. Every year during the Laba Festival, which 41 (happen) on the eighth day of the 12th lunar month, Laba porridge is the food traditionally served. However, the first time I heard its name was in a nursery rhyme my daughter’s nanny sang to her, 42 goes: “after Laba is the Lunar New Year” to her. But thanks to my bad Chinese and her heavy accent, I instead heard Laba in different tones that changed the meaning to “poop (粪便)”. For a good two days I thought it was a nursery rhyme which, 43 help toddlers (幼儿) with potty (如厕) training. I was very wrong. The Laba Festival arrives before Lunar New Year. Traditionally observed by Buddhists to honor the enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama, the festival is now 44 (much) of a time for reflection, gratitude and preparing for the upcoming Lunar New Year festivities. Laba porridge is delicious and beautiful. Its heartiness lies in its array of ingredients. While every family has their own variation, 45 typically includes a mix of beans, rice, nuts and dried fruits. The key ingredients, however, are glutinous rice (糯米), beans and various grains, cooked 46 the rice thickens. Each ingredient has symbolic significance around the ideas of prosperity and health. For example, red beans symbolize good luck and happiness, 47 glutinous rice signifies family unity. Traditionally, before the Lunar New Year, families gather to prepare Laba porridge together, fostering a sense of unity and 48 (share) traditions, much like how families in the US do with their Thanksgiving meals. It’s about the time you spend together 49 the food you eat. Laba porridge is one of those dishes that hold a special place in Chinese culinary heritage, 50 (combine) history, symbolism and a sense of community. In each steaming bowl of Laba porridge are well-wishes that one family member bestows upon another. 【答案】 41．happens 42．which 43．could 44．more 45．it 46．until 47．while 48．sharing 49．on 50．combining 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国传统美食腊八粥，涵盖其相关的腊八节习俗、食材寓意及文化内涵。 41．考查动词时态。句意：每年农历十二月初八的腊八节，传统上都会供应腊八粥。此处描述腊八节的常规时间，用一般现在时，先行词the Laba Festival是单数，从句谓语用happens。故填happens。 42．考查定语从句。句意：然而，我第一次听到它的名字是在我女儿的保姆给她唱的一首儿歌中，这首歌是这么唱的：“过了腊八就是年”。此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是a nursery rhyme，指物，此处应用关系代词which。故填which。 43．考查情态动词。句意：有整整两天，我以为这是一首能帮助幼儿进行如厕训练的童谣。根据“I thought it was”及空后动词原形help可知，此处应用情态动词could，表示“能够”。故填could。 44．考查副词比较级。句意：传统上，这个节日是佛教徒为了纪念释迦摩尼的启迪而庆祝的，现在这个节日更多的是为了反思、感恩和为即将到来的农历新年庆祝活动做准备。根据Traditionally与now的对比及提示词much可知，此处应用much的比较级more，表示“更多地”。故填more。 45．考查代词。句意：虽然每个家庭都有自己的做法，但它(腊八粥)通常包含豆类、大米、坚果和干果的混合。此处指代前文的Laba porridge，作主语，应用代词it。故填it。 46．考查连词。句意：然而，关键食材是糯米、豆类和各种谷物，煮到米饭变稠为止。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到”，应用连词until引导时间状语从句。故填until。 47．考查连词。句意：例如，红豆象征好运和幸福，而糯米象征家庭团结。此处表对比关系，应用连词while。故填while。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，在农历新年前，家人们会一起准备腊八粥，培养团结感并传承传统。句中已有谓语gather，此处应是非谓语形式。families与share是主谓关系，应用现在分词sharing，作状语。故填sharing。 49．考查介词。句意：它是关于你们在一起吃食物的时间。根据spend time on sth.的固定搭配可知，此处应是介词on。故填on。 50．考查非谓语动词。句意：腊八粥是在中国烹饪文化中占有特殊地位的菜肴之一，它融合了历史、象征意义和社区感。句中已有谓语is，此处应是非谓语形式。Laba porridge与combine是主谓关系，应用现在分词combining，作状语。故填combining。 Passage 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the Proper form of the given word for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. At a hyper-controlled indoor farm At a hyper-controlled indoor farm in industrial South San Francisco, four robots carefully transfer seeds from barcoded (有条形码的) trays into 4. 5-meter towers that ____1____ (hang) vertically inside a 445 sq metre grow room. Workers inspect the greens for imperfect produce, but there is almost ____2____. Then the pesticide-free product is packaged and put on a truck ____3____ (deliver) to a local market where the customer becomes the first person to touch it. With the world’s population expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, most of ____4____ will be living in cities, experts say a 70% increase from current levels of global food production will be needed. But agricultural land is ____5____ short supply thanks to the climate crisis and urbanization. Indoor farming raised more than $1bn in 2021, exceeding the combined funding in 2018 and2019. But critics say the massive energy costs ____6____ (need) to run vertical farms make the practice far less eco-friendly than their branding suggests. Designed to produce yields hundreds of times larger than traditional outdoor farming, vertical farms occupy spaces such as buildings or shipping containers while using 70 to 95% less water ____7____ they can recapture and recycle rather than waste it due to poor irrigation (灌溉) . Products are fully traceable from seed to shelf, stay ____8____ (fresh) longer and there’s little risk of bacteria or having to transport them long distances in trucks and planes. Entrepreneurs like Irving Fain, CEO and founder of Manhattan-based Bowery Farming, say that they’re gathering knowledge about plant growth that ____9____ otherwise take traditional farmers outdoors hundreds of years to gain. The possibilities raised by vertical farms have also captured the imagination of a number of large venture capitalist s and private equity funds. “While it is still too early to tell ____10____ these high-tech, high-rise growing machines will become a real estate asset class in their own right, some investors are starting to take a serious look at vertical farming as a possible new asset category.” said Fain. 【答案】1. are hung 2. none 3. to be delivered 4. whom 5. in 6. needed 7. since 8. fresher 9. would 10. whether##if 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍旧金山室内垂直农场的运作模式、优势及面临的争议，探讨其在未来粮食生产中的潜力。 【1题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在南旧金山工业区一个高度可控的室内农场里，四个机器人小心翼翼地将种子从带条形码的托盘转移到4.5米高的塔架上，这些塔架被垂直悬挂在445平方米的种植室内。分析句子结构，先行词towers与 hang之间为被动关系，且全文为一般现在时，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语towers是复数，助动词用are。故填are hung。 【2题详解】 考查代词。句意：工作人员检查蔬菜是否有次品，但几乎没有。根据前文“inspect the greens for imperfect produce”及转折词but可知，此处指几乎没有次品，用代词none指代“没有次品”，符合语境。故填none。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，这种无农药的产品被包装好，装上卡车运往当地市场，顾客是第一个接触到它的人。分析句子结构，空格处作目的状语，需用动词不定式形式，和逻辑主语pesticide-free product是被动关系，因此用不定式的被动式to be done。故填to be delivered。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：专家称，到2050年，世界人口预计将达到近100亿，其中大部分人将生活在城市，全球粮食产量需要比目前水平提高70%。分析句子结构，先行词为10 billion（指代人），且空格前有介词of，需用关系代词whom引导非限制性定语从句。故填whom。 【5题详解】 考查介词。句意：但由于气候危机和城市化进程，农业用地供应短缺。in short supply 为固定搭配，意为“供应短缺”，故填in。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但批评人士表示，运营垂直农场所需的巨额能源成本，使得这种做法远不如其品牌宣传的那样环保。分析句子结构，空格处作后置定语修饰energy costs，且need与energy costs之间为被动关系，需用过去分词形式。故填needed。 【7题详解】 考查连词。句意：垂直农场的产量是传统户外农场的数百倍，它占用建筑或集装箱等空间，同时用水量减少了70%至95%，由于它们可以回收和循环利用，而不是因为灌溉不良而浪费。根据句意，空前讲到垂直农场用水量减少，后文讲到其中的原因，为完整句子，空处可以用since引导原因状语从句。故填since。 【8题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：产品从种子到货架全程可追溯，保鲜时间更长，而且细菌污染的风险很小，也无需通过卡车和飞机进行长途运输。根据后文“longer”及语境可知，此处指垂直农场的产品比传统产品保鲜时间更长，需用形容词比较级fresher。故填fresher。 【9题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：曼哈顿Bowery Farming公司的首席执行官兼创始人欧文・费恩等企业家表示，他们正在收集有关植物生长的知识，而这些知识如果让传统户外农民去摸索，可能需要数百年的时间。分析句子结构，空格后接动词原形take，结合语境“可能需要数百年时间”，用情态动词would表示虚拟语气，符合otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句的用法。故填would。 【10题详解】 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：费恩说：“虽然现在判断这些高科技、高层种植设备能否凭借自身优势成为一种房地产资产类别还为时过早，但一些投资者已经开始认真考虑将垂直农业作为一种可能的新型资产类别。”分析句子结构，空格处引导宾语从句，作tell的宾语，从句中不缺主谓宾，结合句意“是否能成为房地产资产类别”，用 whether/if引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。故填whether/if。 （2023年6月·上海高考真题） Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 ) __________(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )__________(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age. One day, a dispute arose in the kingdom, Two farmers were arguing about the ownership of a piece of land, They could not settle the matter themselves ( 24 )__________each claimed the land was theirs. The case was brought before King Mosi, who was known for his fair judgments. The king listened to both sides of the story. He then asked, " Who among you can tell me.how many seeds are in the fruit of the baobab tree?" The farmers looked at each other, puzzled. They did not know the answer. King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. Therefore, l decree that this land shall be shared between you. You will work on it together and share the fruits of your labor equally.” The farmers were taken aback by the king's wisdom. They agreed to the king's decision and thanked him for his fair judgment. From that day forward, they( 26 )__________work together on the land and became the best friends. The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )__________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. The story of King Mosi's wisdom spread far and wide, and he was respected by all who heard about him. And so, king Mosi continued to rule his kingdom with wisdom and fairness, earning (28)__________a place in the annals (编年史) of history, His story is a reminder of ( 29 )__________wisdom can bring( 30 )__________ peace and harmony. It is a story that has been passed down through generations, a testament to King Mosi's enduring legacy. This is the story of King Mosi, a wise and just ruler who made a significant impact on his kingdom and its people, His story continues to inspire and teach valuable lessons about leadership and justice 【答案】 21.was known 22.to watch 23.assuming 24.because 25.who/whom 26.could 27.seated 28.himself 29.how 30.about 【导读】这是关于非洲国王莫西的故事，他以智慧和公正闻名。当两个农民争夺土地所有权时，他以提问猴面包树果实种子数量的方式解决了纠纷，展现了公平和智慧。他的故事传播开来，成为领导和公正的典范。 【详解】 21.was known【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子结构，此句为there be句型，主句谓语动词是 was。Who..and courage为who引导的定语从句，空格处为从句的谓语动词，此处意为!“被人们所知道”，be known for意为“因……而出名”，而且主句中的谓语为一般过去时,所以应该填 was known。 22,to watch【解析】考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,空格前的主语和谓语为He had come判定空格处为非谓语结构。再根据句意判定，该空所在的位置需要填入动词不定式作目的状语，表示“他走过了很长的路来监视他的王国”，因此填to watch。 23.assuming【解析】考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，空格前的句子的谓语是had come,且空格的提示动词前有逗号，判定此处为非谓语结构。根据句意该空需要填入一个非调语动词来表示主语 He的行为，同时这个行为与主句中的 had come a long way是同时发生的，因此应该使用现在分词assuming，表示伴随。 24.because【解析】考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空格前是主调宾结构的简单句，空格后是含宾语从句的句子，因此这里需要填入一个连词。又根据上下文提及的They could notsettle the matter themselves 和 each claimed the land was theirs 可推知“他们自己无法解决这个问题是因为他们每个人都声称这块土地是他们的”，because表示原因，故此处填入because。 25.who/whom【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子结构，该空引导的宾语从句作prove 的宾语且该宾语从句中缺少宾语,结合上下文内容,这里需要填入一个指代人的关系代词,表示“土地属于谁”，故此处填入 who/whom。 26.could【解析】考查情态动词。分析句子结构可知，该句不缺少成分，且谓语动词为原型，故考虑情态动词，结合上下文内容可推知，此处想要表述的是“因为国王的决定，他们能够(could)在一起工作，成为最好的朋友”，故此处填入could。 27.seated 【解析】考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入一个形容词或动词的故去分词作表语,“remain+过去分词"表示“某人或某事物仍保持某种状态”，而 seated 是 seat的过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“坐着的”，故此处填入seated。 28.himself【解析】考查反身代词。分析句子结构可知,该空处需要填入代词或名词作earning的宾语，又结合句意推知，此处想要表述的是“因此，摩西国王继续以智慧和公平统治他的王国，使他自己(himself)在历史史册上赢得了一席之地”，故该空处填入 himself。 29.how【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空处需要填入一个可以引导宾语从句的连词，且从句中不缺少主干成分，又根据相关句意推知，此处想要表述的是“他的故事给了我们一个关于智慧是如何带来和平与和谐的提醒”，how 有“如何”之意，故此处填入 how。 30.about【解析】考査介词。Bring about 意为“导致;引起”，故该空填入 about。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $