Unit 9 Section Ⅰ Topic talk & Lesson1（教用Word）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册高中同步学案（北师大版）

本讲义围绕“Human Biology”主题，构建从基础到综合的学习支架，涵盖话题词汇（如“find cures for diseases”“develop vaccines”）、情境对话（如就医场景补全对话）、重点词汇（写作、阅读及拓展词汇，如“capability”“participant”及其词形变化）、核心短语（如“be bound to do”“devote...to doing”），并通过阅读导学（选择题）和篇章结构分析，实现词汇、句型到语篇理解的递进。 该资料以核心素养为导向，情境对话设计提升语言运用能力，如就医场景补全对话帮助学生在真实语境中掌握表达；阅读推理题（如推断克隆灵长类动物意义）培养思维品质，引导学生分析与推断；词汇拓展表和练习题支持学习能力发展，助力自主巩固。课中辅助教师开展互动教学，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY [单元话题导引] Topic：Human Biology Ⅰ.话题词汇 1．watch gymnastics competitions 看体操比赛 2．make decisions，memorising facts，reasoningand doing so many other things做决定，记忆事实，推理，做很多其他的事情 3．create and innovate 创造和创新 4．use their minds for the betterment of mankind 用他们的智慧造福人类 5．find cures for diseases 找到治疗疾病的方法 6．prevent diseases by developing vacanes 通过开发疫苗预防疾病 7．do some research into how the human body reacts in extreme conditions做一些人体在极端条件下如何反应的研究 8．train the experiment's participants 训练实验参与者 9．do special breathing ecercises 做特殊的呼吸练习 10．warm up on their own 自己热身 Ⅱ.语题情境 根据情境和提示完成对话。 W：My stomach illness is killing me. I'll have to go to see the doctor. But I'm upset that ①I__can't__get__my__work__finished (我做不完工作). M：Don't worry. My mother once had a bad stomachache，too. At first she didn't take it seriously until it became ②so__severe__that__ (如此严重以至于)she had to have an operation. W：What happened to her then? M：She got much better after the operation. W：Really？③Maybe__I__can't__attach__too__much__importance__to__it__ (也许我不能太重视它).I need to make an appointment with the doctor as soon as possible. M：Yeah, you' re right. At the same time, you'd better have mild food，not spicy or cold. W：OK.Are there any more things ④I__need__to__pay__attention__to__(我需要注意)? M：Take regular exercise and have a good rest. W：That's so nice of you. Thanks a lot. I'll hurry home and ⑤contact__the__doctor__right__now(马上联系医生). Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Ⅰ.知识图解 重点 词汇 写作词汇 1．infer　　 　　　vt. 推断，推定 2．barrier n．障碍，壁垒 3．twin n．双胞胎中的一个 4．camel n．骆驼 5．cattle n．牛 6．goat n．山羊 7．forever adv.永远 8．comparison n．比较 9．wholly adv.完全地 10．clue n．线索，提示 11．treatment n．诊疗，治疗， 疗法；对待方式 12．bound adj.很有可能， 肯定会 13．mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的 14．abuse vt.滥用，妄用； 虐待 n．滥用；虐待 阅读词汇 15．biology n. 生物学 16．marathon n. 马拉松赛跑 17．justify vt.　　证明……有道理， 为……辩护 18．betterment n. 改良，改善，提高 19．clone vt. 克隆，使无性繁殖 n. 克隆动物或植物， 无性繁殖的个体 续表 重点 词汇 20.artificially adv.　　人为地，虚假地 21．identical adj. 完全相同的， 非常相似的 22．reproductive adj. 繁殖的，生殖的 23．crucial adj. 至关重要的， 关键性的 24．blessing n. 福气，幸运 拓展词汇 25．calculate vt. 计算，核算→calculation n. 计算，核算→calculator n. 计算器 26．edit vi.&vt.编辑，编校，剪辑，剪接→editor n. 编辑 27．accurate adj. 准确的，正确的→accuracy n. 准确，正确→accurately adv. 准确地，正确地 28．emotion n．强烈的情感，激情→emotional adj.情绪的；情感的→emotionally adv. 情绪地；情感地 29．capability n．能力，才能→capable adj. 有能力的，能干的→capably adv. 能干地；巧妙地 30．innovate vi.&vt.革新，创新，改革→innovation n. 革新，创新→innovator n. 创新者 31．participant n．参加者，参与者→participate vi. 参与，参加→participation n. 参加，参与 续表 汈汈汈汈汈 重点 短语 1.be bound to do 必定做，一定做 2.come into contact with 和……联系 3.draw parallels between...and... 把……和……相 提并论 4.be crucial for 对……至关重要 5.in__comparison__with 和……比较 6.devote...to__doing 奉献……做 7.as__long__as 长达，只要 8.view...as... 把……看作 Ⅱ.阅读导学 阅读教材P52—P53的课文，选出最佳选项。 1．What is true about Dolly? A．It was the first animal that was cloned successfully. B．It lived much longer than the sheep she was cloned from. C．It developed a sickness the moment it was cloned. D．It was an example of natural cloning. 答案：A 2．What can be inferred from the third paragraph? A．Chinese scientists were the first to clone primates. B．The cloning of the monkeys was not that complex. C.Mammals include apes，monkeys，sheep and humans. D．Cloning monkeys is helpful to animal protection. 答案：A 3．What is not mentioned about the meaning of the successful cloning of primates? A.It might lead to cures for various diseases. B．It may offer clues on how to prevent the aging process. C．It can help change monkeys' genes to suit research needs. D．It can help reduce the number of animals in nature. 答案：D 4．The writer quotes Einstein's words to illustrate ________． A.cloning primates does more harm than good　 B.mere copies of originals are seen as inferior C．the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced D.along with cloning the ethical questions arise　 答案：C Ⅲ.篇章结构 阅读教材P52—P53的课文，完成下面表格。 1.Definition of cloning and specific 2．examples of cloning developed naturally and artificially. (Paras.1－2)·Cloning can happen naturally and artificially and 3.natural cloning has been going on for generations. ·The cloned animals generally develop an 4.illness and live more shortly than animals they are cloned from.The first successful cloning of primates by China has received world wide 5.praise． (Paras.3－4)·China has successfully cloned two long­tailed 6.monkeys，which were the first primates to have been cloned. ·The cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise for its 7.medical and research uses.8.Different views on cloning and the right attitude towards it.(Paras.5－6)·Some people believe it's crucial for scientific advancement while others raise 9.moral concerns. ·Cloning is double­edged sword which should be used 10.wisely and carefully. 1．capability n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能　capable adj.有能力的；有才干的　capably adv.能干地 incapable adj.不能的；无能力的；不能胜任的 Capabilities of the Human Body(教材P50) 人体的能力 ①Animals in the zoo have lost the capability (capable) to catch food for themselves. 动物园的动物已经丧失自己捕食的能力。 ②He used to be a powerful and capable man. 他曾经是一个强大而有能力的人。 [链接写作]　完成句子 ③You are__capable__of better work than this. 你有能力做得比这更好。 2．calculate vt.计算，核算；打算，认为　calculation n．计算　calculator n．计算器 create，innovate，solve problems，calculate(教材P50) 创造，革新，解决问题，计算 be calculated for sth.　 为适合……而设计 be calculated to do sth. 为做某事而设计 It's calculated that... 据估算…… ①The room is not calculated for production. 这个房间不是打算用作生产的。 ②This advertisement is calculated to__attract (attract) children. 这个广告是为吸引儿童设计的。 ③The scientist's calculations (calculate) proved exactly right. 那位科学家的计算结果完全正确。 [链接写作]　完成句子 ④It__is__calculated__that this trip will cost us $1，000. 据估算这次旅行要花掉我们1 000美元。 3．participant n．参加者，参与者　participation n．参加，参与participate vi.参加；分享；分担 They trained the participants to do special breathing exercises...(教材P51) 他们训练参与者做特殊的呼吸练习…… participate in　　　　参加 participate with sb. in sth. 与某人分担…… ①40 of the course participants are offered employment with the company. 参加课程学习的人中有40名得到了在该公司工作的机会。 ②He participates with us in our sufferings. 他与我们共患难。 ③She didn't participate in the discussion. 她没有参加讨论。 [链接写作]　翻译句子 ④我有个英语演讲比赛要参加。 I__have__an__English__speech__contest__to__participate__in. 4．comparison n．比较，对比　compare vt.比较，比作 In comparison with other species，cloning primates has proved to be“much harder”，and doing so with non­reproductive cells was even more complicated.(教材P52) 与其他物种相比，克隆灵长类动物被证明“困难得多”，而克隆非生殖细胞则更加复杂。 (1)beyond/without comparison 　　　　　　　　无与伦比 by/in comparison with sb./sth. 与……相比 by comparison 比较起来 (2)compare A with/to B 比较A和B compared with/to 与……相比 compare notes with 和……交换意见 ①I often compare notes with my father because he is experienced. 我经常和父亲交换意见因为他有经验。 ②In__comparison__with other students，Mike is more diligent. 和其他学生相比，迈克更加勤勉一些。 ③Compared (compare) with our small flat，Bill's house seemed like a palace. 和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是宫殿。 [链接写作]　完成句子 ④Mother's love is great beyond__comparison in the world. 母亲的爱是世上无与伦比的伟大力量。 5．devote vt.献身于，专心致志于(常与介词to连用) devoted adj.忠诚的　devotion n．奉献；忠诚 ...they had been wholly devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1，000 monkeys 24 hours a day，7 days a week for more than 5 years.(教材P52) ……他们全身心地投入到这项研究中，5年多来，他们每周7天、每天24小时一直照顾着1 000多只猴子。 (1)devote oneself to　献身于，致力于 devote one's time/energy/money/life to 把时间、精力、金钱、一生用于…… (2)(be) devoted to 献身于，致力于 ①As I stepped into Senior Three，I had to devote most of my spare time to studying. 进入高三后，我不得不把大多数业余时间都用来学习。 ②She devoted her life to helping (help) homeless children. 她把一生都用来帮助无家可归的孩子。 ③The librarian is devoted to her tiring job. 这位图书管理员致力于她繁重的工作。 [链接写作]　完成句子 ④He has devoted__his__whole__life__to benefiting mankind. 他毕生致力于造福人类。 6．treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式　treat n．招待；款待 v．对待；款待；请客；治疗 This could help save research time，reduce the number of animals required for testing，produce more accurate results，and lead to more effective treatments.(教材P53) 这有助于节省研究时间，减少测试所需的动物数量，产生更准确的结果，并导致更有效的治疗。 (1)under treatment　在治疗中 (2)treat sb. as... 把某人看作…… treat sb. to sth. 招待某人吃…… treat sb. with... 以……方式对待某人；用……治疗某人 My treat. 我请客。 treat sth seriously 认真对待某事/某物 ①I'm going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes. 我打算给自己买双新鞋。 ②He was treated as a hero on his release from prison. 他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待。 ③They treat them with drugs to help them recover. 他们用药物治疗，以帮助他们恢复。 [链接写作]　完成句子 ④Drunk driving should__be__treated__as__a__crime whether the driver causes a crash or not. 无论酒后驾车是否造成交通事故，都应被视为犯罪。 7．concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n．担心，关注；(利害)关系　concerned adj.担心的；关注的 concerning prep.关于 While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement，others raise moral concerns.(教材P53) 虽然有些人认为这对科学进步至关重要，另一些人则提出了道德上的担忧。 (1)It concerns/concerned sb. that... 　　　　　　令某人担忧的是…… (2)have no concern with... 和……无关 (3)as/so far as...be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言 be concerned about/for 关心；担忧；挂念 be concerned with sth. 牵涉到；与……有关 ①Since there is always heavy fog，many people begin to be concerned about air pollution. 因为大雾经常发生，很多人开始关心空气污染问题。 ②Honestly speaking，I have no concern with that matter. 诚实地说，我与那事无关。 [链接写作]　完成句子 ③As__far__as__I'm__concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution. 就我个人而言，骑自行车是个好的解决方法。 [名师点津]　concerned为形容词，作前置定语时，意为“忧虑的，担忧的，担心的”；作后置定语时，意为“有关的，涉及的”。例如：a concerned look担忧的表情；the people concerned有关的人员。 8．abuse vt.滥用，妄用；虐待 n．滥用；虐待 Finally，they worry that some organizations may abuse the technology for unethical purposes.(教材P53) 最后，他们担心一些组织可能会滥用技术来达到不道德的目的。 alcohol/drug abuse　酗酒/滥用毒品 abuse one's power 滥用权力 abuse one's trust/confidence 背信弃义 ①Several of the children had been physically abused. 其中几个儿童身体受到了虐待。 [链接写作]　完成句子 ②To the public's delight，a__large__number__of__government__officials__who__abused__their__power have been well punished. 令公众高兴的是，许多滥用职权的政府官员得到了应有的惩罚。 ③The government has set up a working party to__look__into__the__problem__of__drug__abuse． 政府已成立工作组调查滥用毒品问题。 9．a (large/great) number of 许多；大量的 With this technology，we have the potential to raise a large number of monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time，...(教材P53) 有了这项技术，我们有可能在短时间内培育出大量基因相同的猴子，…… ①I've known her for a great many years. 我认识她好多年了。 ②A large amount of money is (be) spent on advertisements every year. 每年都要在广告上花费大量金钱。 ③Large quantities of food are (be) wasted because of the way it looks. 大量的食物因其外观而被浪费。 [链接写作]　完成句子 ④A__large__quantity__of__air__conditioners__have__been__sold since the summer came. 自夏季以来，大量的空调已售出。 [名师点津] (1)“a number of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数，表示“许多……；大量……”。 (2)“the number of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数，表示“……的数量”。 (3)“large quantities of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。 (4)“large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。 1．While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement，others raise moral concerns.(教材P53) 尽管有些人认为它对科学进步至关重要，但也引发了另一些人的道德担忧。 [句式剖析1]　while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”。while引导让步状语从句时可用though，although代替。但while引导的让步状语从句一般应放在主句前，而不放在主句后。除此之外，while可以引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”；while还可以表示“对比”关系。 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.　 尽管阳光会伤害并使我们的皮肤老化，但它们也会给我们提供有益的维生素D。 While Mary was writing a letter，the children were playing outside. 玛丽写信时孩子都在外面玩儿。 [迁移应用1] 单句语法填空 (1)Students in big cities can study English with the help of foreigners while those in the countryside can just teach themselves. (2)While/Although/Though it was raining heavily，the students were still helping the farmers pick the fruits. 翻译句子 (3)桑迪喜欢历史故事，而萨姆读了大量的漫画书。 Sandy__is__fond__of__history__stories__while__Sam__reads__lots__of__comic__books.__ (4)虽然我们输了，但是我们已尽了最大的力量。 While/Although/Though__we__lost__the__game，we__all__tried__our__best.__ [句式剖析2] some...others...表示“一些……，而另一些……”。该结构常用以描述不同人的不同行为或对某事的不同看法等。 Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious. 我们中有的同学充满自信，渴望参加班级活动；其他人则紧张不安。 Some think that parents should get everything ready for their kids.Others，however，hold the opposite opinion. 有些人认为父母应帮助孩子做好一切，然而，另外一些人则持相反的观点。 [句式拓展] some...others...结构也常用于while并列句中，强调对比。 Some people think visiting famous universities can enable students to get more information about it while others argue it will do harm to the environment. 有些人认为参观著名的大学可以使学生获得更多信息，而另一些人则认为这对大学环境有不利影响。 [迁移应用2]　翻译句子 我的一些同事开车去上班，另一些则选择步行或骑车。 Some__of__my__colleagues__drive__to__work，while__others__choose__to__walk__or__cycle. 2．Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced.(教材P53) 研究人员坚持认为应该进一步探索和推进克隆科学。 [句式剖析]　insist表示“坚持，坚决要求”之意时，后面的宾语从句谓语动词应用should do，should可以省略；而当其表示“坚持说”之意时，后面的宾语从句谓语动词应用真实语气。 He insisted that I (should) take a taxi and offered to pay for it. 他坚持让我坐出租车，并主动付了钱。 The boy insisted that he hadn't cheated in the exam. 那男孩坚持说他考试没作弊。 [句式拓展] 类似地，suggest表示“建议”之意时，后面的宾语从句谓语动词应用should do，should可以省略；而当其表示“表明”之意时，后面的宾语从句谓语动词应用真实语气。 I suggest we (should) skip over the details and get to the point. 我建议我们略过细节，直奔主题。 Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013. 官方报告显示，三代人在一起生活的家庭数量已从2001年的325 000个增加到2013年的419 000个。 [迁移应用]　翻译句子 (1)那孩子坚决要求他的爸爸把那条罕见的鱼放回海里。 The__child__insisted__that__his__father__should__release__the__rare__fish__back__into__the__sea. (2)刘倩坚称她做出了一个正确的选择。 Liu__Qian__insisted__that__she__had__made__a__correct__choice.__ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The editor(edit) of the magazine is a smart young man. 2．Most people look better under artificial(artificially) light than in bright sunlight. 3．The twins(twin) were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different environments. 4．It is difficult to make a comparison(compare) with her previous book，because they are completely different. 5．While the two are only days apart in age they seem to belong to wholly(whole) different generations. 6．You've done so much work，so we all believe you're bound to__pass(pass) the exam. 7．They agreed to go merely(mere) because they were getting paid for it. 8．Every day the newspapers tell stories of children worldwide who are abused(abuse). 9．It's a blessing that nobody was in the house at the time. 10．We can infer from his expression that he is frustrated. Ⅱ. 选词填空 be blessed with　on purpose　be inferior to　be bound to　be viewed as　be crucial to　to be accurate　on the whole　by comparison with　be identical to 1．On__the__whole , however, even these critics showed themselves uninterested in the stories that this fiction told. 2．We don't believe that our folk music is__inferior__to any other music in the world. 3．After all this hard work，we are__blessed__with the capability to create a project and have it use our simple template. 4．Improved consumer confidence is__crucial__to an economic recovery. 5．His appearance was__identical__to his mother, and anyone could identify that he was her son. 6．Linda gave me the wrong vase and I'm sure that she didn't do it on__purpose,__for they were identical. 7．Translation is__viewed__as a bridge linking two evidently different cultures. 8．To__be__accurate,__interest is calculated daily and credited once a year, on 1 April. 9．The life at school seems comfortable by__comparison__with that in the army. 10．This announcement is__bound__to__ shake the confidence of the industry. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $