Unit 2 Section A(1a-Grammar Focus)（导学案）英语新教材人教版七年级下册

Unit 2 No rules , No order Section A 1.掌握Unit 2 Section A部分的重点单词、短语和句型； · 单词：follow;arrive;polite;treat;respect;lend;feed;noise;uniform;everything · 短语：late for;on time;have to;turn off ;absent from;of course · 句型： 询问规则： What rules do we have at school? (p.12) 陈述规则： We must/mustn't ... / We can/can't ... / We have to ... / Don't ... (p.12) 询问是否允许： Can we eat snacks in class? (p.13) / Can I look at your book? (p.13) 2.祈使句和情态动词 一、翻译下列短语 1．第一天 2．pencil box 3．in my locker 4．在家 5．lend sb. sth. 6．eat snacks 7．drink water 8．当然 9．关闭 10．You’re welcome. 【答案】 1．first day 2．铅笔盒 3．在我的储物柜里 4．at home 5．借给某人某物 6．吃零食 7．喝水 8．of course 9．turn off 10．不客气。 【解析】1．第一天“first day”，名词短语。故填first day。 2．pencil box“铅笔盒”，名词短语。故填：铅笔盒。 3．in my locker“在我的储物柜里”，介词短语。故填：在我的储物柜里。 4．在家“at home”，介词短语。故填at home。 5．lend sb. sth.“借给某人某物”，动词短语。故填：借给某人某物。 6．eat snacks“吃零食”，动词短语。故填：吃零食。 7．drink water“喝水”，动词短语。故填：喝水。 8．当然“of course”，副词短语。故填of course。 9．关闭“turn off”，动词短语。故填turn off。 10．You’re welcome.“不客气。”，用于回复对方的感谢。故填：不客气。 二、根据句意和首字母填空。 1．We mustn’t l in the classroom. We should keep it clean. 2．Students have to a at school on time. Being late is not allowed. 3．Don’t r in the hallways. It’s dangerous and may cause accidents. 4．We should be p and treat everyone with respect. 5．When you want to ask a question in class, you should put up your h . 6．We can’t use our mobile phones in class. We have to t them off. 7．You mustn’t eat in class. You should eat in the d hall. 8．We should f the school rules. They are good for us. 9．In the library, we must keep q so that others can read quietly. 10．Don’t wear strange clothes. We have to wear the school u on weekdays. 【答案】 1.(l)itter2.(a)rrive3.(r)un4.(p)olite5.(h)and6.(t)urn7.(d)ining8.(f)ollow 9.(q)uiet 10.(u)niforms 【解析】1.句意：我们不能在教室里乱扔垃圾。我们应该保持教室干净。空处位于“mustn’t”后，填动词原形。根据“We should keep it clean.”和首字母提示可知，此处指为了保持教室干净，我们不能乱扔垃圾。litter“乱扔垃圾”。故填(l)itter。 2.句意：学生必须按时到校。不允许迟到。根据“Being late is not allowed.”可知，学生需要按时到校，此处应填表示“到达”的动词。结合句子结构“have to”后接动词原形，且主语“students”是复数形式，故填(a)rrive。 3.句意：不要在走廊里奔跑。这很危险，可能会导致事故。根据“It’s dangerous and may cause accidents.”和首字母提示可知，在走廊里不能奔跑，run“奔跑”，本句为否定祈使句，Don’t后接动词原形。故填(r)un。 4.句意：我们应该有礼貌，并且尊重每个人。空处位于“be”后，修饰“We”，填形容词作表语。根据“treat everyone with respect”和首字母提示可知，此处指要礼貌对待每个人。polite“礼貌的”，形容词。故填(p)olite。 5.句意：当你在课堂上想要提问时，你应该举手。根据“put up”可知，此处应为“举手”这一固定搭配“put up one’s hand”，表示请求发言或提问，结合首字母提示“h”，应填名词“hand”，作宾语。故填(h)and。 6.句意：我们不能在课堂上使用手机。我们必须关掉它们。have to do sth意为“必须做某事”，空格处需填动词原形，结合前句“We can’t use our mobile phones in class”及首字母“t”，可推断此处表达“关掉手机”的含义，对应短语“turn off”，故填(t)urn。 7.句意：你不能在课堂上吃东西。你应该在食堂吃。根据“You mustn’t eat in class.”可知，吃东西得去食堂，dining hall“食堂”。故填(d)ining。 8.句意：我们应该遵守校规。它们对我们有好处。情态动词后接动词原形，根据“They are good for us”及首字母“f”，可知此处表达“遵守校规”，对应动词遵守“follow”。故填(f)ollow。 9.句意：在图书馆里，我们必须保持安静，这样其他人才能安静地阅读。根据“so that others can read quietly”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是要保持安静，quiet表示“安静的”，keep 后接形容词作表语。故填(q)uiet。 10.句意：不要穿奇怪的衣服。我们工作日必须穿校服。根据“Don’t wear strange clothes”以及首字母提示可知，此处说的是要穿校服，uniform表示“校服”，此处用复数形式uniforms表示一类事物。故填(u)niforms。 第一部分 Section A (1a-1d) 【知识梳理1】Don’t be late for school.Arrive on time . 1. be late for 译为_______ 上课迟到______ 上班迟到________ 2. arrive 动词. 到达 可以直接接地点副词. 到达那里________;不能直接接地点名词，要借助介词in或at才可以 到达（大地点）________ 到达（小地点）_______ 【答案】1. 迟到 be late for class be late for work 2.arrive there arrive in arrive at 【即时练习】 1.Don’t _____________________ class.（上课别迟到。） 2.We __________________ the station at 8:00.（我们8点到达车站。） 3.They _________________ Beijing yesterday.（他们昨天到达北京。） 【答案】1.be late for 2.arrived at 3.arrived in 【知识梳理2】Be polite to others and treat others with respect 1. Polite 形容词，有礼貌的，反义词 ____________(不礼貌的) ，副词（有礼貌地）_______ 对人礼貌____________ 3. treat 动词 对待 招待， 用……对待别人_____________ 【答案】1.impolite politely be polite to sb 2. treat sb with 【即时练习】 We should be ______ to old people and help them cross the road.( polite) 【答案】polite 第2部分 Pronunciation 【知识梳理3】Is everything OK? everything〔复合不定代词〕每件事；一切作主语时，谓语动词用_________。 ________〔复合不定代词〕每人；人人；所有人 【答案】第三人称单数形式 everyone 【即时练习】 I hope everything _________(go)well.　我希望一切顺利。 【答案】goes 【知识梳理4】I can lend you my pen lend〔及物动词〕借给；借出；其过去式为_________,反义词为 _________ lend sb sth= lend sth_______ sb 借给某人某物；把某物借给某人 向某人借某物________________ 【答案】lent , borrow , to ,borrow sth from sb 【即时练习】 1．—Can I ________ your notebook? —Sorry, I ________ it to Lily yesterday. A． borrow; borrowed B．lend; lent C．lend; borrowed D．borrow; lent 2．—Oh, my pen is broken (坏了). Could you please ________ your pen to me? —Of course. Here you are! A．lend B．borrow C．arrive D．bring 【答案】D A 【知识梳理5】but we can't/mustn't bring our mobile phones to class 1.bring〔及物动词〕带··到某处；带来；取来 bring...to... 译为____________ bring sb sth= bring sth _______sb 带给某人某物 (2)辨析：bring, take与get bring带来；取来 (带到说话者处) take 拿走 (带离说话者处) get 去拿来 (一个来回) 【答案】 1. 把…带到 for 【即时练习】 1. Please__________ some photos to school tomorrow. 明天请带一些照片到学校来。 2. The girl_________he box away.　那个女孩拿走了箱子。 【答案】1.bring 2.takes 【知识梳理6】We have to turn them off and put/keep them in our lockers. 1.turn off关掉（水、电或煤气等）反义短语为_________“打开（水、电或煤气等）”。 2.常用的关于turn的短语还有： turn up调大/高 _______ 调小/低；拒绝 ________变成；使变成 turn around转身 【注意】turn off, turn on, turn up与 turn down 都是“动词+副词”结构，当名词作宾语时，名词置于短语后面或动词与副词之间；若人称代词作宾语，人称代词必须置于动词与副词之间。 【答案】1.turn on 2. turn down turn into 【即时练习】 1．It’s a good habit to ________ the lights when you leave a room. A．turn down B．turn up C．turn off D．turn on 2._________ the computer.打开电脑 【答案】1.C 2.Turn on 【知识梳理7】Thanks for telling me, Anne Thanks for...因......感谢；谢谢你......;相当于"______________". for后常接_______、代词或_______形式，表示感谢的内容或原因。 【答案】1. thank you for 2. 名词 动词ing 【即时练习】 1. _________________ your letter. 谢谢你的来信 2.Thanks for__________(come). Eric.　埃里克，谢谢你的到来。 【答案】1.Thanks for 2. coming 第三部分 Grammar 【知识梳理1】祈使句 1.含义： 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等，通常省略主语 you，句末常用句号或感叹号，读降调。 2.分类 类型 肯定结构 否定结构 例句 Do 型 动词原形 + 其他 ________+ 动词原形 + 其他 肯定：Stand up.（起立） 否定：Don't run in the hallways.（别在走廊跑） Be 型 Be + 表语（形 / 名） Don't be + 表语   肯定：Be quiet.（安静） 否定：Don't be late.（别迟到） Let 型 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 Let + 宾语 + _____+ 动词原形； Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 肯定：Let me help you.（让我帮你） 否定：Let him not go.（别让他走） No 型 / No + 动名词 / 名词（表禁止） No smoking!（禁止吸烟）； No photos!（禁止拍照）； 3. 注意： 1）.礼貌表达：句首 / 句末加 please，句末加 please 时前加逗号，如 Please sit down. 或 Sit down, please. 2）.句式拓展：祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 = if 条件句，如 Hurry up, or you'll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到） 【答案】 Don’t not 【即时练习】 1.．We should follow the rules. (改为祈使句) the rules. 2.．You can’t fight at school.（改为祈使句） at school. 【答案】1.Follow 2. Don’t fight 【知识梳理2】情态动词 1.含义： 用于表达说话人的态度、意愿、推测、建议、能力、义务等。没有人称和数的变化；后面必须跟动词原形来构成完整的谓语。 2. 情态动词 肯定含义 否定汉语 用法要点 must 必须（主观 / 规定） ________ 禁止（语气强） 强调说话者主观意志或严格规定，如 You must wear a seat belt.（你必须系安全带） have to 不得不（客观需要） _____________ have to 不必   强调客观条件约束，有人称和时态变化，如 She has to finish homework first.（她得先完成作业） can 可以；能够（许可 / 能力） ____________不能；不允许 表许可时语气较委婉，如 You can eat in the dining hall.（你可以在食堂吃东西） 【答案】mustn’t don’t\doesn’t can’t 【即时练习】 用can, can’t, must, have to或don’t填空 1．Tony speak Chinese, but not very well. 2．You follow these school rules. They’re good for you to have a good habit. 3．They go to school by boat, because there’s no bridge over the river. 4． make so much noise. It’s time for class. 5．Look at the sign (指示牌)! We swim in the river. It’s too dangerous. 【答案】1．can 2．must 3．have to 4．Don’t 5．can’t 一、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．我找不到我的铅笔盒了。我想它在我的储物柜里。 I can’t find my pencil box. I think it’s . 2．——谢谢你告诉我，安妮。——不客气。 — telling me, Anne.— . 3．这是汤姆在这所学校的第一天。他不太了解校规。 It’s Tom’s at this school. He doesn’t the school rules . 4．他们不能在课堂上吃零食，但是他们可以喝水。 They eat snacks in class, but they drink water. 5．他们不能带手机去上课。他们必须关掉它们，把它们放在储物柜里。 They can’t their class. They must and keep them in their lockers. 【答案】1． in my locker 2． Thanks for You’re welcome 3． first day know very well 4． mustn’t can 5． bring mobile phones to turn them off 【解析】1．in my locker“在我的储物柜里”。故填in；my；locker。 2．thanks for“谢谢”，句首首字母大写；You’re welcome“不客气”。故填Thanks；for；You’re；welcome。 3．first day“第一天”；know…very well“ 熟知……”，根据空前的“doesn’t”可知，此处用动词原形。故填first；day；know；very；well。 4．mustn’t“不能，禁止”；can“能”。故填mustn’t；can。 5．bring…to…“把……带到……”，根据空前“can’t”可知，此处用动词原形；mobile phones“手机”；turn them off“关掉它们”，根据空前的“must”可知，此处用动词原形。故填bring；mobile；phones；to；turn；them；off。 二、选词填空 run,  uniform,  listen,  late,  talk,  rule,  clean Our school has many 1 . We must follow them. First, we can’t be 2 for school. The school gate closes at 8:00 a.m. Second, in class, we can’t 3 with our classmates. We should 4 to the teachers carefully. Third, we have to wear the school 5 from Monday to Friday. It makes us look the same. Fourth, we can’t 6 in the hallways. It’s dangerous. Finally, we should help to keep the school 7 . We shouldn’t litter anywhere. 【答案】1．rules 2．late 3．talk 4．listen 5．uniform 6．run 7．clean 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学校的一些规章制度，包括学生必须遵守的行为准则。 1．句意：我们学校有许多规则。根据“Our school has many...”可知，此处many后应填复数名词“rules”，意思是“规则”，表示学校有许多规章制度。故填rules。 2．句意：首先，我们不能上学迟到。根据“The school gate closes at 8:00 a.m.”可知，此处be动词后应填形容词“late”，意思是“迟到”，表示不能迟到。故填late。 3．句意：其次，在课堂上，我们不能和同学说话。根据“Second, in class, we can’t...with our classmates.”可知，此处情态动词后应填动词原形“talk”，意思是“谈话”，表示不能在课堂上说话。故填talk。 4．句意：我们应该认真听老师讲课。根据“We should...to the teachers carefully.”可知，此处情态动词后应填“listen”，意思是“听”，表示认真听讲。故填listen。 5．句意：第三，我们必须从周一到周五穿校服。根据“Third, we have to wear the school...from Monday to Friday.”可知，此处应填“uniform”，意思是“校服”，表示在校要穿校服。故填uniform。 6．句意：第四，我们不能在走廊里跑。根据“Fourth, we can’t...in the hallways.”可知，此处情态动词后应填动词原形“run”，意思是“跑”，表示不能在走廊里跑。故填run。 7．句意：最后，我们应该帮助保持学校干净。根据“Finally, we should help to keep the school...”可知，此处应填形容词“clean”作宾语补足语，意思是“干净的”，表示保持学校干净。故填clean。 一、单项选择 1．—Do you know how old Tom is? —Sorry, I don’t know his age ________. A．too B．also C．ever D．either 【答案】句意：——你知道汤姆多大吗？——抱歉，我也不知道他的年龄。 考查副词。too也，用于肯定句句末；also也，用于句中；ever曾经；either也，用于否定句句末。根据“Sorry, I don’t know his age…”可知，此处是否定句，且空白处位于句末，所以应用either。故选D。 2．—What are the ________ in your school? —We can’t eat in the classroom or run in the hallways. A．snacks B．persons C．rules D．activities 【答案】句意：——你们学校有什么规则？——我们不能在教室吃东西，也不能在走廊里跑。 考查名词词义辨析。snacks小吃；persons人员；rules规则；activities活动。根据回答“We can’t eat in the classroom or run in the hallways.”可知，这是不能做的事情，所以上句在问学校的规则。故选C。 3．It’s ________ to greet our teachers when we meet them. A．polite B．happy C．relaxing D．boring 【答案】句意：遇到老师时，向老师打招呼是礼貌的行为。 考查形容词辨析。polite礼貌的；happy高兴的；relaxing放松的；boring无聊的。根据“...to greet our teachers when we meet them.”可知，遇到老师打招呼是有礼貌的。故选A。 4．We can’t eat in the classroom, but we ________ eat in the dining hall. A．can B．must C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】句意：我们不能在教室里吃东西，但是我们可以在食堂里吃。 考查动词辨析。can可以；must必须；can’t不可以；mustn’t禁止。根据“eat in the dining hall”可知，在餐厅可以吃东西。故选A。 5．We should keep up the ________ of hard work and never give up. A．power B．spirit C．feeling D．strength 【答案】句意：我们应该保持艰苦奋斗的精神，永不放弃。 考查名词辨析。power权力；spirit精神；feeling感觉；strength体力。结合“the...of hard work”可知，这里是指艰苦奋斗的精神。故选B。 6．I can’t watch TV on _________, because I have to go to class. A．weekends B．weekdays C．Sundays D．Saturdays 【答案】句意：工作日我不能看电视，因为我要去上课。 考查名词辨析。weekends周末；weekdays工作日；Sundays周日；Saturdays周六。根据“because I have to go to class”及常识可知，上课是在工作日，故选B。 7．You need more ________ if you want to play the piano better. A．luck B．life C．practice D．ride 【答案】句意：如果你想弹钢琴弹得更好，你需要更多练习。 考查名词辨析。luck运气；life生活；practice练习；ride旅行。根据“if you want to play the piano better.”可知，钢琴要想弹得好就要多练习，故选C。 8．Many people ________ their hometowns to find jobs in the cities. A．litter B．respect C．leave D．treat 【答案】句意：许多人离开他们的家乡去城市里找工作。 考查动词辨析。litter乱扔；respect尊重；leave离开；treat对待。根据“to find jobs in the cities”可知去城市找工作要离开家乡。故选C。 9．My mother asks me to ________ the rules at school. A．get B．follow C．make D．do 【答案】句意：我妈妈要求我遵守学校的规则。 考查动词辨析。get得到；follow遵守；make制作；do做。根据“the rules at school”可知，是指遵守规则。故选B。 10．—These people are really nice. —Yes, they always show ________ for us. A．treat B．respect C．rule D．time 【答案】句意：——这些人真的很好。——是的，他们总是很尊重我们。 考查名词辨析。treat款待；respect尊重；rule规则；time时间。根据“These people are really nice.”可知，应该说他们表现出了尊重。故选B。 二、用单词适当形式填空 1．Boys, (not be) late for class. 【答案】don’t be 【详解】句意：孩子们，上课不要迟到。句子是祈使句的否定形式，don’t开头，后接动词原形，故填don’t be。 2．We must (eat) in the dining hall. We can’t eat in the classroom. 【答案】eat 【详解】句意：我们必须在餐厅吃饭。我们不能在教室里吃饭。eat“吃”，情态动词must后跟动词原形。故填eat。 3． (follow) the rules is good for us. 【答案】Following 【详解】句意：遵守规则对我们有好处。此处用动名词作主语，follow的动名词形式为following，首字母大写。故填Following。 4．Mr Black usually (arrive) at school very early in the morning. 【答案】arrives 【详解】句意：布莱克先生通常早上很早就到学校。根据“usually”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是Mr Black，谓语动词用三单形式，故填arrives。 5．In China, students have to wear the school (uniform) every weekday. 【答案】uniforms 【详解】句意：在中国，学生们每个工作日必须穿校服。uniform，制服，是可数名词。句子主语students是复数，且school uniform前无修饰词，这里应该用复数形式表示泛指，所以uniform要用复数形式，故填uniforms。 6．You can’t (eat) in the classroom. It’s against the rules. 【答案】eat 【详解】句意：你不能在教室里吃东西。这是违反规定的。情态动词can’t“不能”后接动词原形，故填eat。 三、短文填空 Mrs Green is my neighbour. She 1 (work) in a big company (公司). There are lots of 2 (rule) in her company. First, anybody can not be late 3 work. Second, they can’t take 4 (they) breakfast to the office. 5 (three), they have to wear uniforms in the company. Fourth, during 6 working time, they can’t watch films, chat (聊天) on QQ or listen to music. 7 they can discuss (讨论) something about work through MSN. 8 (final), they have to be 9 (quietly) in the office. Everyone must 10 (following) the rules. 【答案】 1．works 2．rules 3．for 4．their 5．Third 6．the 7．But 8．Finally 9．quiet 10．follow 【导语】本文主要介绍了格林夫人公司的工作守则。 1．句意：她在一家大公司工作。根据“Mrs Green is my neighbour.”可知，时态为一般现在时；主语She是第三人称单数，此处谓语用work的三单形式。故填works。 2．句意：她的公司有很多规则。根据“lots of”和“rule”可知，此处填写可数名词复数形式。故填rules。 3．句意：首先，任何人都不能迟到。根据“First, anybody can not be late”可知，此处表示“上班不能迟到”，be late for“迟到”，故填for。 4．句意：第二，他们不能把早餐带到办公室去。根据“breakfast”和所给词可知，此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填their。 5．句意：第三，在公司必须穿制服。根据“First,”、“Second,”可知，此处表示“第三”，首字母大写，故填Third。 6．句意：第四，在工作时间，他们不能看电影，不能用QQ聊天，也不能听音乐。根据“Fourth, during ... working time,”可知，此处表示“在工作时间期间”，应用定冠词“the”表特指，故填the。 7．句意：但是，他们可以通过MSN讨论工作上的事情。根据“they can discuss (讨论) something about work through MSN.”可知，这句话和上文是转折关系，虽然不能在上班时间使用电子设备进行娱乐活动，但是可以用MSN聊工作。首字母大写，故填But。 8．句意：最后，他们在办公室里要保持安静。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰整个句子，final的副词是finally。首字母大写，故填Finally。 9．句意：最后，他们在办公室里要保持安静。根据“be”可知，此处应填写形容词，quietly的形容词是quiet“安静的”，故填quiet。 10．句意：每个人都必须遵守这些规则。根据“must”可知，情态动词后接动词原形，故填follow。 四、阅读理解 Every school has its own rules. The rules change from one school to another. There are also some rules that look strange or funny to us. Here are some funny school rules. Japan：Most schools demand（要求）that students wear uniforms, such as sports suits or skirts. They also demand that girls’ white socks should be folded in a certain way and boys’ heads should be shaved（剃）. The US：At some US schools, students must have a pair of indoor shoes to change into every day. Chewing gum（香糖）is not allowed（允许）in many US school buildings, because it is difficult to clean up. Britain：Strange hairstyles are not allowed at some British schools. But they might allow students to wear certain hairstyles during the World Cup. 1．This is a passage about ________ rules. A．country B．hairstyle C．school D．the World Cup 2．In Japan, most schools demand that students wear ________. A．sports suits B．skirts C．school uniforms D．all of the above 3．Why chewing gum is not allowed in many US school buildings? A．Because it’s not good for students’ health B．Because it’s students’ duty to clean up the building. C．Because it’s difficult to clean up. D．Because it’s not polite. 4．Which statement is TRUE? A．The rules in each school don’t change from one to another. B．The schools in Japan demand that the boys’ white socks should be folded in a certain way. C．Strange hairstyles are not allowed at some British schools all the time. D．The boys’ heads should be shaved in Japan. 5．How many school rules are mentioned（提及）in the United States? A．4 B．3 C．2 D．1 【答案】文章讲述了每个学校都有自己的一套规则，有些校规比较有趣，文中举例一些有趣的校规。 1．细节理解题。根据“Every school has its own rules. The rules change from one school to another. There are also some rules that look strange or funny to us. Here are some funny school rules.”可知，文章是关于一些校规的，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Japan：Most schools demand（要求）that students wear uniforms, such as sports suits or skirts. They also demand that girls’ white socks should be folded in a certain way and boys’ heads should be shaved（剃）.”可知，在日本大多数学校要求学生穿校服，如运动服或裙子。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Chewing gum（香糖）is not allowed（允许）in many US school buildings, because it is difficult to clean up.”可知，在美国的许多学校不允许嚼口香糖，是因为很难清理。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Japan…boys’ heads should be shaved（剃）.”可知，在日本男孩要剃头，故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“The US：At some US schools, students must have a pair of indoor shoes to change into every day. Chewing gum（香糖）is not allowed（允许）in many US school buildings, because it is difficult to clean up.”可知，美国提到了两种校规，故选C。 五、补全对话 A: 1 ? B: Well, my parents always make many rules for me. A: 2 ? B: I have to read before I go to bed. And I can’t eat ice-cream. A: Hmm... 3 ? B: No, I don’t. They make me unhappy. 4 ? A: I know how you feel. But think about it, Helen. You can learn a lot from books. And ice-cream isn’t good for you. B: Oh, I see. A: So your parents make rules to help you. Do you want to follow them now? B: 5 . Thanks for your help. 【答案】1．How can I help you 2．What are some of the rules 3．Do you like these rules 4．What can I do 5．Yes, I do 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 No rules , No order Section A 1.掌握Unit 2 Section A部分的重点单词、短语和句型； · 单词：follow;arrive;polite;treat;respect;lend;feed;noise;uniform;everything · 短语：late for;on time;have to;turn off ;absent from;of course · 句型： 询问规则： What rules do we have at school? (p.12) 陈述规则： We must/mustn't ... / We can/can't ... / We have to ... / Don't ... (p.12) 询问是否允许： Can we eat snacks in class? (p.13) / Can I look at your book? (p.13) 2.祈使句和情态动词 一、翻译下列短语 1．第一天 2．pencil box 3．in my locker 4．在家 5．lend sb. sth. 6．eat snacks 7．drink water 8．当然 9．关闭 10．You’re welcome. 二、根据句意和首字母填空。 1．We mustn’t l in the classroom. We should keep it clean. 2．Students have to a at school on time. Being late is not allowed. 3．Don’t r in the hallways. It’s dangerous and may cause accidents. 4．We should be p and treat everyone with respect. 5．When you want to ask a question in class, you should put up your h . 6．We can’t use our mobile phones in class. We have to t them off. 7．You mustn’t eat in class. You should eat in the d hall. 8．We should f the school rules. They are good for us. 9．In the library, we must keep q so that others can read quietly. 10．Don’t wear strange clothes. We have to wear the school u on weekdays. 第一部分 Section A (1a-1d) 【知识梳理1】Don’t be late for school.Arrive on time . 1. be late for 译为_______ 上课迟到______ 上班迟到________ 2. arrive 动词. 到达 可以直接接地点副词. 到达那里________;不能直接接地点名词，要借助介词in或at才可以 到达（大地点）________ 到达（小地点）_______ 【即时练习】 1.Don’t _____________________ class.（上课别迟到。） 2.We __________________ the station at 8:00.（我们8点到达车站。） 3.They _________________ Beijing yesterday.（他们昨天到达北京。） 【知识梳理2】Be polite to others and treat others with respect 1. Polite 形容词，有礼貌的，反义词 ____________(不礼貌的) ，副词（有礼貌地）_______ 对人礼貌____________ 3. treat 动词 对待 招待， 用……对待别人_____________ 【即时练习】 We should be ______ to old people and help them cross the road.( polite) 第2部分 Pronunciation 【知识梳理3】Is everything OK? everything〔复合不定代词〕每件事；一切作主语时，谓语动词用_________。 ________〔复合不定代词〕每人；人人；所有人 【即时练习】 I hope everything _________(go)well.　我希望一切顺利。 【知识梳理4】I can lend you my pen lend〔及物动词〕借给；借出；其过去式为_________,反义词为 _________ lend sb sth= lend sth_______ sb 借给某人某物；把某物借给某人 向某人借某物________________ 【即时练习】 1．—Can I ________ your notebook? —Sorry, I ________ it to Lily yesterday. A． borrow; borrowed B．lend; lent C．lend; borrowed D．borrow; lent 2．—Oh, my pen is broken (坏了). Could you please ________ your pen to me? —Of course. Here you are! A．lend B．borrow C．arrive D．bring 【知识梳理5】but we can't/mustn't bring our mobile phones to class 1.bring〔及物动词〕带··到某处；带来；取来 bring...to... 译为____________ bring sb sth= bring sth _______sb 带给某人某物 (2)辨析：bring, take与get bring带来；取来 (带到说话者处) take 拿走 (带离说话者处) get 去拿来 (一个来回) 【即时练习】 1. Please__________ some photos to school tomorrow. 明天请带一些照片到学校来。 2. The girl_________he box away.　那个女孩拿走了箱子。 【知识梳理6】We have to turn them off and put/keep them in our lockers. 1.turn off关掉（水、电或煤气等）反义短语为_________“打开（水、电或煤气等）”。 2.常用的关于turn的短语还有： turn up调大/高 _______ 调小/低；拒绝 ________变成；使变成 turn around转身 【注意】turn off, turn on, turn up与 turn down 都是“动词+副词”结构，当名词作宾语时，名词置于短语后面或动词与副词之间；若人称代词作宾语，人称代词必须置于动词与副词之间。 【即时练习】 1．It’s a good habit to ________ the lights when you leave a room. A．turn down B．turn up C．turn off D．turn on 2._________ the computer.打开电脑 【答案】 【知识梳理7】Thanks for telling me, Anne Thanks for...因......感谢；谢谢你......;相当于"______________". for后常接_______、代词或_______形式，表示感谢的内容或原因。 【即时练习】 1. _________________ your letter. 谢谢你的来信 2.Thanks for__________(come). Eric.　埃里克，谢谢你的到来。 第三部分 Grammar 【知识梳理1】祈使句 1.含义： 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等，通常省略主语 you，句末常用句号或感叹号，读降调。 2.分类 类型 肯定结构 否定结构 例句 Do 型 动词原形 + 其他 ________+ 动词原形 + 其他 肯定：Stand up.（起立） 否定：Don't run in the hallways.（别在走廊跑） Be 型 Be + 表语（形 / 名） Don't be + 表语   肯定：Be quiet.（安静） 否定：Don't be late.（别迟到） Let 型 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 Let + 宾语 + _____+ 动词原形； Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 肯定：Let me help you.（让我帮你） 否定：Let him not go.（别让他走） No 型 / No + 动名词 / 名词（表禁止） No smoking!（禁止吸烟）； No photos!（禁止拍照）； 3. 注意： 1）.礼貌表达：句首 / 句末加 please，句末加 please 时前加逗号，如 Please sit down. 或 Sit down, please. 2）.句式拓展：祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 = if 条件句，如 Hurry up, or you'll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到） 【即时练习】 1.．We should follow the rules. (改为祈使句) the rules. 2.．You can’t fight at school.（改为祈使句） at school. 【知识梳理2】情态动词 1.含义： 用于表达说话人的态度、意愿、推测、建议、能力、义务等。没有人称和数的变化；后面必须跟动词原形来构成完整的谓语。 2. 情态动词 肯定含义 否定汉语 用法要点 must 必须（主观 / 规定） ________ 禁止（语气强） 强调说话者主观意志或严格规定，如 You must wear a seat belt.（你必须系安全带） have to 不得不（客观需要） _____________ have to 不必   强调客观条件约束，有人称和时态变化，如 She has to finish homework first.（她得先完成作业） can 可以；能够（许可 / 能力） ____________不能；不允许 表许可时语气较委婉，如 You can eat in the dining hall.（你可以在食堂吃东西） 【即时练习】 用can, can’t, must, have to或don’t填空 1．Tony speak Chinese, but not very well. 2．You follow these school rules. They’re good for you to have a good habit. 3．They go to school by boat, because there’s no bridge over the river. 4． make so much noise. It’s time for class. 5．Look at the sign (指示牌)! We swim in the river. It’s too dangerous. 一、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．我找不到我的铅笔盒了。我想它在我的储物柜里。 I can’t find my pencil box. I think it’s . 2．——谢谢你告诉我，安妮。——不客气。 — telling me, Anne.— . 3．这是汤姆在这所学校的第一天。他不太了解校规。 It’s Tom’s at this school. He doesn’t the school rules . 4．他们不能在课堂上吃零食，但是他们可以喝水。 They eat snacks in class, but they drink water. 5．他们不能带手机去上课。他们必须关掉它们，把它们放在储物柜里。 They can’t their class. They must and keep them in their lockers. 二、选词填空 run,  uniform,  listen,  late,  talk,  rule,  clean Our school has many 1 . We must follow them. First, we can’t be 2 for school. The school gate closes at 8:00 a.m. Second, in class, we can’t 3 with our classmates. We should 4 to the teachers carefully. Third, we have to wear the school 5 from Monday to Friday. It makes us look the same. Fourth, we can’t 6 in the hallways. It’s dangerous. Finally, we should help to keep the school 7 . We shouldn’t litter anywhere. 一、单项选择 1．—Do you know how old Tom is? —Sorry, I don’t know his age ________. A．too B．also C．ever D．either 2．—What are the ________ in your school? —We can’t eat in the classroom or run in the hallways. A．snacks B．persons C．rules D．activities 3．It’s ________ to greet our teachers when we meet them. A．polite B．happy C．relaxing D．boring 4．We can’t eat in the classroom, but we ________ eat in the dining hall. A．can B．must C．can’t D．mustn’t 5．We should keep up the ________ of hard work and never give up. A．power B．spirit C．feeling D．strength 6．I can’t watch TV on _________, because I have to go to class. A．weekends B．weekdays C．Sundays D．Saturdays 7．You need more ________ if you want to play the piano better. A．luck B．life C．practice D．ride 8．Many people ________ their hometowns to find jobs in the cities. A．litter B．respect C．leave D．treat 9．My mother asks me to ________ the rules at school. A．get B．follow C．make D．do 10．—These people are really nice. —Yes, they always show ________ for us. A．treat B．respect C．rule D．time 二、用单词适当形式填空 1．Boys, (not be) late for class. 2．We must (eat) in the dining hall. We can’t eat in the classroom. 3． (follow) the rules is good for us. 4．Mr Black usually (arrive) at school very early in the morning. 5．In China, students have to wear the school (uniform) every weekday. 6．You can’t (eat) in the classroom. It’s against the rules. 三、短文填空 Mrs Green is my neighbour. She 1 (work) in a big company (公司). There are lots of 2 (rule) in her company. First, anybody can not be late 3 work. Second, they can’t take 4 (they) breakfast to the office. 5 (three), they have to wear uniforms in the company. Fourth, during 6 working time, they can’t watch films, chat (聊天) on QQ or listen to music. 7 they can discuss (讨论) something about work through MSN. 8 (final), they have to be 9 (quietly) in the office. Everyone must 10 (following) the rules. 四、阅读理解 Every school has its own rules. The rules change from one school to another. There are also some rules that look strange or funny to us. Here are some funny school rules. Japan：Most schools demand（要求）that students wear uniforms, such as sports suits or skirts. They also demand that girls’ white socks should be folded in a certain way and boys’ heads should be shaved（剃）. The US：At some US schools, students must have a pair of indoor shoes to change into every day. Chewing gum（香糖）is not allowed（允许）in many US school buildings, because it is difficult to clean up. Britain：Strange hairstyles are not allowed at some British schools. But they might allow students to wear certain hairstyles during the World Cup. 1．This is a passage about ________ rules. A．country B．hairstyle C．school D．the World Cup 2．In Japan, most schools demand that students wear ________. A．sports suits B．skirts C．school uniforms D．all of the above 3．Why chewing gum is not allowed in many US school buildings? A．Because it’s not good for students’ health B．Because it’s students’ duty to clean up the building. C．Because it’s difficult to clean up. D．Because it’s not polite. 4．Which statement is TRUE? A．The rules in each school don’t change from one to another. B．The schools in Japan demand that the boys’ white socks should be folded in a certain way. C．Strange hairstyles are not allowed at some British schools all the time. D．The boys’ heads should be shaved in Japan. 5．How many school rules are mentioned（提及）in the United States? A．4 B．3 C．2 D．1 五、补全对话 A: 1 ? B: Well, my parents always make many rules for me. A: 2 ? B: I have to read before I go to bed. And I can’t eat ice-cream. A: Hmm... 3 ? B: No, I don’t. They make me unhappy. 4 ? A: I know how you feel. But think about it, Helen. You can learn a lot from books. And ice-cream isn’t good for you. B: Oh, I see. A: So your parents make rules to help you. Do you want to follow them now? B: 5 . Thanks for your help. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $