Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 动词不定式作主语（单元核心语法精练）英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 核心语法精练（动词不定式作主语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 1．把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。 To make a plan first is a good idea. 首先制定好计划是个好主意。 2．用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： (1)It＋be＋名词＋to do It's our duty to take good care of the old. 照顾好老人是我们的责任。 (2)It takes sb.＋some time＋to do How long did it take you to finish the work? 你花了多少时间来完成这项工作？ (3)It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. 我们难以在15分钟内完成这篇作文。 (4)It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do It seemed impossible to save money. 省钱似乎不可能。 (5)It ＋ 不定式结构可位于believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think和wonder之后 He thought it would be safer to go by train. 他认为乘火车比较安全。 (6)不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语 To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable. 犯同样的错误两次是不可原谅的。 It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all. 爱过之后失去了爱，比从未爱过要好。 一、单句语法填空 1．It’s important for us (protect) wild animals from extinction. 2．It is rewarding (participate) in the volunteer work. 3． (master) a foreign language is helpful to us. 4．It’s really convenient (shop) online with mobile payment. 5．It is worthwhile (spend) time learning traditional skills. 6．It usually takes me 20 minutes (get) home by bus. 7．It is tough for me (remember) everyone’s name. 8．It is unlikely (snow) in my hometown in November. 9．It took her months (recover) from the shock of the accident. 10．It is rude (stare) at a foreign visitor. 11．It is our duty (conduct) rescue activities if necessary. 12．It is convenient for us (collect)information related to the new programme online. 13．It is typical of human nature, especially in our youth years, (seek) our own solution in our own strength. 14．It is necessary for us (sharpen) our eyes to tell right from wrong by enriching our thinking with innovative theories. 15．It upsets me (know) that our family have to move to another city. 16．It’s good for the students (do) eye exercises twice a day. 17．It is a tradition (pass) down stories from elders to the younger generation, keeping the history alive within the community. 18． (see) is to believe. I won’t believe it until I see it myself. 19．It was once common (regard) Britain as a society with class distinction. 20．It was very cruel of them (eat) rare wild animals. 21．Now for now, it’s hard (argue) that this is a good thing but it’s a common thing. 22．It is a big challenge (find) and keep the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites. 23．It took less than a single day (change) my hair from black to white. 24．It is one of their basic State policies (control)population growth. 25．He was late again. It’s typical of him (keep) everybody waiting. 26．It is great fun (play) football with teachers in our spare time. 27． (do) some washing is my work today. 28．It is essential (know) something about a computer. 29．It’s beyond me (explain) these. 30．It is sensible (go) to work by subway instead of by car in the morning. 二、完成句子 31．It is important for you to our school resources. 重要的是充分利用我们学校的资源。 32．Research shows that . 研究表明，有充足的睡眠对青少年是很重要的。 33．每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。 the house every weekend. 34．It is my great pleasure the Be at One with Nature Association. 我很荣幸在这里代表天人合一协会作演讲。 35． here. 很高兴能来到这里。 36．How was it possible ? 怎么可能在一周内完成这项任务？ 37．对周围的人和事物感到好奇是孩子们的天性。 It is children’s nature the people and things around them. 38．It’s crucial for hikers the presence of venomous snakes in the area to avoid accidental encounters. 徒步旅行者意识到区域内有毒蛇的存在至关重要，以避免意外遭遇。 39．In the face of rapid urbanization, it’s essential to progress the protection of cultural heritage. 面对快速的城市化，保持进步与文化遗产保护之间的平衡至关重要。 40．It’s important any cultural group when celebrating diversity. 庆祝多样性时，不应忽略任何文化群体。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二上·广西·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Forget expensive gym memberships — the secret to 1 healthy body could be as simple as swinging your arms. Walking speed, posture and flexibility all improved in women 2 did a traditional Chinese arm-swinging exercise three times a week for two months, a study found. The women, who were in their 60s and 70s, also found day-to-day activities, such as dressing and cooking, 3 (easy) after practicing it. The Chinese arm swinging exercise, also 4 (call) Shuai Shou Gong is so simple. You do nothing more than swing the arms, and it takes you only 10 minutes to learn. If you do it 5 (consistent), you will enjoy its benefits in a matter of days. It is an excellent way 6 (relax) your body after a day’s work. Practice it daily over time, and it brings you many benefits. It helps you stay healthy and 7 shape. There are also many reports on how it helps in healing. Researcher Professor Neil Roberts of Edinburgh University, said: “These findings demonstrate that the gentle, rhythmic, whole-body sequence (系列动作) of movements of Shuai Shou Gong may be readily learned and enjoyed by older adults and improves general health and wellbeing.” The exercise routine, which is more than 1,000 years old, 8 (consist) of a sequence of five arm swings. The first four involve swinging the arms back and then forward to shoulder 9 (high). During the fifth swing, you bend your knees twice — once when 10 (swing) your arms back and again when bringing them forward. The sequence is then repeated multiple times. （25-26高二上·吉林·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is much debate nowadays as to 1 makes up a healthy diet. For example, scientists 2 (insist) for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. However, there is increasing 3 (evident) that real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100 — 150 calories a day from sugar, 4 is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down 5 desserts, and cut out sweet drinks altogether. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different 6 (category) of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than 7 (process) foods. Besides this, it is also important 8 (have) some meat, bean, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is key. Finally, 9 fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. In addition, studies show that consistent eating habits, for example, 10 (take) three meals a day at the same time each day, are better for our health. 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·安徽阜阳·月考）In summer the extreme heat often makes people sweaty and restless. While people are annoyed by it, experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body’s toxins (毒素) and recover your energy. One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). Therapists use smooth and heated stones, usually river rocks, to massage certain parts of the body, or place them on key points of the body. The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles, while sweating is believed to be good for discharging the body’s toxins. Another popular option is hotstone bath. The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter. Summer is the best season to build a good body. Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body, people simply wear a coat or something comfortable, and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones, which are warmed to around 45℃. The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved. More sweat will come out quickly. The sweat is smooth and fresh, not smelly like that released after sports activities. Such baths bring a number of health benefits, such as antiaging, improved blood circulation and stress relief. The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted. Using hot stones for healing dates back to ancient times, but the modern renewal of hotstone massage is generally credited to Mary Nelson, a native of Tucson, Arizona, America. The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people, especially those who have jobs in cool air-conditioned rooms. The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases, including back pain. 1．How does hotstone massage help people discharge their bodies’ toxins? A．By making people sweating. B．By relaxing people’s muscles. C．By improving blood circulation. D．By having people’s energy recovered. 2．What is a must when taking a hotstone bath? A．Steam. B．Hot water. C．Thick clothes. D．Heated stone. 3．What can be learned about the hotstone therapy? A．It successfully cured many people of cancer. B．It was invented by Mary Nelson, an American. C．It is popular with people because its excellent effects. D．It can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer. 4．In which part of a magazine can we read this text? A．Art. B．Education. C．Society. D．Health. （25-26高二上·吉林长春·期末）Big restaurant businesses, such as McDonald’s, have introduced touch-screen checkout systems, while others have applied tabletop tablets (平板电脑) for self-service. Besides, the use of app-based delivery services, such as Uber Eats, has continued to grow. According to US reports, spending on third-party delivery has grown three times for quick-service restaurants and nearly four times for full-service restaurants in the country. A new study carried out by Dipayan Biswas and his graduate students compares the effects of ordering from a digital screen to those of traditional methods, including printed menus. The team went over more than 23,000 orders from a number of restaurants. Each item was placed into one of three groups. Menu choices, such as fried foods and desserts, were regarded as unhealthy, while items such as vegetables and fish were considered healthy. Most soups, large salads and steaks smaller than six ounces were considered neutral. The study showed that 61% of digital orders were unhealthy — more than 3% higher than non-digital orders. The team also found that digital menus had a greater influence on what customers ordered for dinner, since they were likely to be more tired and dependent on technology later in the day. This situation is related to the Google effect. It suggests that the convenience of digital tools changes how people store and get back information, such as depending on cell phones for contact numbers and GPS for directions, leading to less brain effort in these tasks. This can result in more unplanned decisions, leading to more unhealthy food choices and more spending. However, the study also found that customers who were expert in technology might be less likely to suffer from the Google effect. “Digital ordering forms encourage a more unplanned decision-making process with lower mental effort. Restaurant managers aiming to market healthier food choices may benefit from offering non-digital ordering methods. And some may be interested in marketing expensive food items during dinner hours through digital ordering to drive sales. For customers, avoiding placing digital orders during evening hours may cut spending,” Biswas said. 1．What does the first paragraph mainly show? A．The popularity of self-service. B．The rise of digital dining services. C．The increase in everyday spending. D．The growth of global food markets. 2．What was the primary research method applied in the study? A．Reviewing actual order types. B．Doing tests on food’s health value. C．Making customer satisfaction surveys. D．Having interviews with restaurant managers. 3．What does the Google effect suggest about digital tools? A．They require a wide knowledge. B．They offer too many confusing choices. C．They allow users to follow personal habits. D．They weaken the ability to make wise choices. 4．What are restaurants probably encouraged to do? A．Match ordering methods to goals. B．Develop user-friendly digital tools. C．Offer more affordable dinner foods. D．Focus on improving after-sales service. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 核心语法精练（动词不定式作主语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 1．把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。 To make a plan first is a good idea. 首先制定好计划是个好主意。 2．用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： (1)It＋be＋名词＋to do It's our duty to take good care of the old. 照顾好老人是我们的责任。 (2)It takes sb.＋some time＋to do How long did it take you to finish the work? 你花了多少时间来完成这项工作？ (3)It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. 我们难以在15分钟内完成这篇作文。 (4)It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do It seemed impossible to save money. 省钱似乎不可能。 (5)It ＋ 不定式结构可位于believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think和wonder之后 He thought it would be safer to go by train. 他认为乘火车比较安全。 (6)不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语 To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable. 犯同样的错误两次是不可原谅的。 It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all. 爱过之后失去了爱，比从未爱过要好。 一、单句语法填空 1．It’s important for us (protect) wild animals from extinction. 【答案】to protect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对我们来说，保护野生动物免于灭绝是非常重要的。此处为固定句型It’s important for sb. to do sth.，it为形式主语，不定式作真正主语，故填to protect。 2．It is rewarding (participate) in the volunteer work. 【答案】to participate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参加志愿者工作是有回报的。句中It是形式主语，空处应使用动词不定式形式，作真正的主语。故填to participate。 3． (master) a foreign language is helpful to us. 【答案】Mastering/To master 【详解】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：掌握一门外语能帮我们更好地了解不同国家的文化。此处需要一个非谓语动词形式作句子的主语，动名词（表示普遍的一般性的行为）或动词不定式（表示一次具体的行为）均可，句首单词首字母大写，故填Mastering/To master。 4．It’s really convenient (shop) online with mobile payment. 【答案】to shop 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用移动支付在网上购物真的很方便。It is convenient to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是方便的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以本空应填动词shop“购物”的不定式形式to shop，作主语。故填to shop。 5．It is worthwhile (spend) time learning traditional skills. 【答案】spending/to spend 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：花时间学习传统技能是值得的。“It is worthwhile doing sth/to do sth”为固定句式，此句式中，It为形式主语，不定式或动名词作真正的主语，表示“做某事是值得的”。故填spending/to spend。 6．It usually takes me 20 minutes (get) home by bus. 【答案】to get 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我通常乘坐公交车回家需要 20 分钟。此处为句型it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.，表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”，应填不定式作真正主语，故填to get。 7．It is tough for me (remember) everyone’s name. 【答案】to remember 【详解】考查不定式。句意：记住每个人的名字对我来说很难。It is tough for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事很困难”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是to remember。故填to remember。 8．It is unlikely (snow) in my hometown in November. 【答案】to snow 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的家乡，十一月份下雪是不太可能的。所给词snow为动词，意为“下雪”；此处为固定句型“It is unlikely to do sth.”，表示“做某事不太可能”，其中it为形式主语，不定式to snow为真正的主语。故填to snow。 9．It took her months (recover) from the shock of the accident. 【答案】to recover 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她花了好几个月才从事故的震惊中恢复过来。固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处应用动词recover“恢复”的不定式to recover，作真正的主语。故填to recover。 10．It is rude (stare) at a foreign visitor. 【答案】to stare 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：盯着外国游客看是不礼貌的。这里考查“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”，为固定句型，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。stare为动词，此处应用其不定式形式to stare。故填to stare。 11．It is our duty (conduct) rescue activities if necessary. 【答案】to conduct 【详解】考查不定式。句意：如有必要，我们有责任开展救援行动。it is one’s duty to do sth为固定句式，意为“某人有责任做某事”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。故填to conduct。 12．It is convenient for us (collect)information related to the new programme online. 【答案】to collect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们在网上收集与这个新程序相关的信息是很方便的。此处为固定句型“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth”，其中 It 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以设空处应填动词不定式 to collect。故填to collect。 13．It is typical of human nature, especially in our youth years, (seek) our own solution in our own strength. 【答案】to seek 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是人类的典型本性，尤其是在我们年轻的时候，凭借我们自己的力量去寻找我们自己的解决方案。本题考查固定句型“It is +形容 + of sb. to do sth.”的用法。在这个句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填to seek。 14．It is necessary for us (sharpen) our eyes to tell right from wrong by enriching our thinking with innovative theories. 【答案】to sharpen 【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：我们有必要通过用创新理论丰富我们的思想来擦亮眼睛，分辨是非。“It is necessary for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意思是“对某人来说做某事是必要的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，故填to sharpen。 15．It upsets me (know) that our family have to move to another city. 【答案】to know 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：得知我们家要搬到另一个城市，我很难过。本句中It作形式主语，本空用know“知道”的不定式，作真正主语。故填to know。 16．It’s good for the students (do) eye exercises twice a day. 【答案】to do 【详解】考查不定式。句意：对于学生来说，每天做两次眼保健操是有益的。句中使用It’s +形容词+for sb. to do结构，其中it做形式主语，动词不定式to do作真正的主语。故填to do。 17．It is a tradition (pass) down stories from elders to the younger generation, keeping the history alive within the community. 【答案】to pass 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将故事从长辈传给年轻一代是一种传统，使历史在社区内保持活力。it是形式主语，用不定式作主语，故填to pass。 18． (see) is to believe. I won’t believe it until I see it myself. 【答案】To see 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：眼见为实。除非亲眼见到，否则我不会相信。句中用不定式作主语，和表语to believe一致，不定式一般表示具体的、特定的行为，通常表示一种意愿、目的或者未完成的事情。故填To see。 19．It was once common (regard) Britain as a society with class distinction. 【答案】to regard 【详解】考查不定式。句意；人们曾经普遍认为英国是一个有阶级差别的社会。It形式主语，regard用不定式形式作真正主语。故填to regard。 20．It was very cruel of them (eat) rare wild animals. 【答案】to eat 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们吃珍稀野生动物是非常残忍的。It is+形容词+of sb to do sth为固定句型，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填to eat。 21．Now for now, it’s hard (argue) that this is a good thing but it’s a common thing. 【答案】to argue 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：就目前而言，很难说这是一件好事，但这是一种常见的事情。it is hard to do...意为“很难做某事”，为固定句式，it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故填to argue。 22．It is a big challenge (find) and keep the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在进步与文化遗址保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡是一项巨大的挑战。it be+(a/an)+名词+to do sth.固定句型，意为“做某事是（一件）……的事”，it是形式主语，此处应用不定式作真正的主语，故填to find。 23．It took less than a single day (change) my hair from black to white. 【答案】to change 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：不到一天的时间，我的头发就从黑色变成了白色。It takes/took some time to do sth花费多长时间做某事，是固定句型，It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，故填to change。 24．It is one of their basic State policies (control)population growth. 【答案】to control 【详解】考查不定式。句意：控制人口增长是他们的基本国策之一。分析句子可知，本句使用了固定句式：It is + 名词+ to do ....，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，结合句中英语提示，故填to control。 25．He was late again. It’s typical of him (keep) everybody waiting. 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他又迟到了。他总是让大家等着。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型：it is adj of sb to do sth意为“某人做某事真是太怎么样了”。故填to keep。 26．It is great fun (play) football with teachers in our spare time. 【答案】to play 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：在我们的业余时间和老师一起踢足球很有趣。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定句型It is great fun to do sth.，意为“做某事很有趣”，it是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。故填to play。 27． (do) some washing is my work today. 【答案】To do 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：洗衣服是我今天的工作。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词不定式，作主语，表将来的动作。故填To do。 28．It is essential (know) something about a computer. 【答案】to know 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：很有必要了解一些关于电脑的事情。分析句子可知，空处是固定搭配it is +adj. + to do sth.，it在句中作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to know。 29．It’s beyond me (explain) these. 【答案】to explain 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我无法解释这些。句中it为形式主语，to do不定式为真正的主语，explain为动词，意为“解释”。故填to explain。 30．It is sensible (go) to work by subway instead of by car in the morning. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查不定式。句意：早上坐地铁上班而不坐汽车上班是明智的。it is+adj.+ to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是to go。故填to go。 二、完成句子 31．It is important for you to our school resources. 重要的是充分利用我们学校的资源。 【答案】 make full use of 【详解】考查单词短语。表示“充分利用”，使用固定短语make full use of。不定式符号to后用动词原形，故填①make②full③use④of。 32．Research shows that . 研究表明，有充足的睡眠对青少年是很重要的。 【答案】it’s important for teenagers to have enough sleep 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“有充足的睡眠对青少年是很重要的”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“某人做某事是很重要的”是固定句型it’s important for sb. to do sth.，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，“青少年”是teenager，要用复数，“有充足的睡眠”是have enough sleep，因此空格处是it’s important for teenagers to have enough sleep。故填it’s important for teenagers to have enough sleep。 33．每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。 the house every weekend. 【答案】It takes her two hours to clean 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”应用固定句型It takes sb some time to do sth，It作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，由时间状语every weekend可知应用一般现在时，表示“打扫”应用动词clean，故答案为It takes her two hours to clean。 34．It is my great pleasure the Be at One with Nature Association. 我很荣幸在这里代表天人合一协会作演讲。 【答案】to give a lecture here on behalf of 【详解】考查动词不定式及固定短语。根据句意以及英文部分可知，该句为固定句型：it is+n.+to do“做某事是……”，it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语，表示“在这里作演讲”为give a lecture here，动词使用不定式形式，表示“代表”为固定短语on behalf of。故填to give a lecture here on behalf of。 35． here. 很高兴能来到这里。 【答案】It’s a pleasure to be 【详解】考查固定句型。本题考查“It+be +名词 + to do sth.”的结构，其中 It是形式主语，a pleasure“一件令人愉快的事；乐事”，to be here表示“在这里”，动词不定式为句子的真正主语，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，所以“很高兴能来到这里”翻译为It’s a pleasure to be here。故填It’s a pleasure to be。 36．How was it possible ? 怎么可能在一周内完成这项任务？ 【答案】to finish this task in a week 【详解】考查动词不定式、名词。表示“完成”用动词finish，空前的it为形式主语，本空用finish的不定式，作真正的主语。表示“这项任务”用this task，作finish的宾语。表示“一周内”用in a week，作时间状语。故填to finish this task in a week。 37．对周围的人和事物感到好奇是孩子们的天性。 It is children’s nature the people and things around them. 【答案】to be curious about 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。空处表示“对……感到好奇”可用固定搭配be curious about，且应用动词不定式作真正主语。故填to be curious about。 38．It’s crucial for hikers the presence of venomous snakes in the area to avoid accidental encounters. 徒步旅行者意识到区域内有毒蛇的存在至关重要，以避免意外遭遇。 【答案】to be aware of 【详解】考查固定句型：It’s+adj+to do something。分析句子结构可知，此句符合It’s+adj+to do something的句型，“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是“to do something”，此处应填动词不定式，结合句意“意识到”（be aware of），此处应填其不定式形式，故填to be aware of。 39．In the face of rapid urbanization, it’s essential to progress the protection of cultural heritage. 面对快速的城市化，保持进步与文化遗产保护之间的平衡至关重要。 【答案】 keep a balance between and 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“保持平衡”应用keep a balance，it is adj.+to do...为固定句型，it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语；表示“在……之间”应用between...and...。故填①keep a balance between；②and。 40．It’s important any cultural group when celebrating diversity. 庆祝多样性时，不应忽略任何文化群体。 【答案】not to leave out 【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“不应忽略”，“忽略”是leave out，It’s important not to do sth.是固定句型，意为“不做某事是重要的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此“不应”是not to，因此空格处是not to leave out。故填not to leave out。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二上·广西·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Forget expensive gym memberships — the secret to 1 healthy body could be as simple as swinging your arms. Walking speed, posture and flexibility all improved in women 2 did a traditional Chinese arm-swinging exercise three times a week for two months, a study found. The women, who were in their 60s and 70s, also found day-to-day activities, such as dressing and cooking, 3 (easy) after practicing it. The Chinese arm swinging exercise, also 4 (call) Shuai Shou Gong is so simple. You do nothing more than swing the arms, and it takes you only 10 minutes to learn. If you do it 5 (consistent), you will enjoy its benefits in a matter of days. It is an excellent way 6 (relax) your body after a day’s work. Practice it daily over time, and it brings you many benefits. It helps you stay healthy and 7 shape. There are also many reports on how it helps in healing. Researcher Professor Neil Roberts of Edinburgh University, said: “These findings demonstrate that the gentle, rhythmic, whole-body sequence (系列动作) of movements of Shuai Shou Gong may be readily learned and enjoyed by older adults and improves general health and wellbeing.” The exercise routine, which is more than 1,000 years old, 8 (consist) of a sequence of five arm swings. The first four involve swinging the arms back and then forward to shoulder 9 (high). During the fifth swing, you bend your knees twice — once when 10 (swing) your arms back and again when bringing them forward. The sequence is then repeated multiple times. 【答案】 1．a 2．who 3．easier 4．called 5．consistently 6．to relax 7．in 8．consists 9．height 10．swinging 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明，有千年历史的甩手功简单易学，中老年女性坚持练习两个月后，身体多项机能改善，日常活动更轻松。该运动还能放松身体、助力健康，受老年人青睐。 1．考查冠词。句意：别再为昂贵的健身房会员费而烦恼了——拥有健康体魄的秘诀或许就简单到只需挥动一下手臂这么简单。此处body为泛指，且healthy是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．考查定语从句。句意：一项研究发现，那些每周进行三次、持续两个月的传统中式手臂摆动运动的女性，其行走速度、姿势和灵活性都有所改善。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是women，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可以使用关系代词who引导。故填who。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：这些年龄在60多岁到70多岁的女性在经过练习之后，发现日常活动，比如穿衣和做饭，都变得更容易了。此处是“运动前后的变化”，应用比较级体现“练习后日常活动比之前更轻松”的对比关系，用比较级easier。故填easier。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的“摆臂”运动，也被称为“甩手功”，其实非常简单。句中有谓语动词is，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语“The Chinese arm swinging exercise”与call之间构成动宾关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填called。 5．考查副词。句意：如果你能持之以恒地去做，那么几天之内你就会享受到其带来的好处。此处修饰动词do，应用副词consistently“持之以恒地”，作状语。故填consistently。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一种在一天的工作之后放松身体的绝佳方式。固定短语way to do sth.“……的方式”。故填to relax。 7．考查介词。句意：它能帮助你保持健康和良好的体态。in shape表示“处于良好状态，健康”。故填in。 8．考查动词时态。句意：这项有着超过1000年历史的锻炼方式，包括一系列共五次的手臂摆动动作。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为The exercise routine，谓语用三单形式。故填consists 。 9．考查名词。句意：前四项动作是：先将双臂向后摆动，然后再向前摆至与肩同高位置。固定短语shoulder height“与肩膀齐平的高度”。故填height。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：在第五次摆动时，你要弯曲膝盖两次——一次是在向后摆臂时，另一次是在向前摆臂时。主语you与动词swing构成主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填swinging。 （25-26高二上·吉林·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is much debate nowadays as to 1 makes up a healthy diet. For example, scientists 2 (insist) for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. However, there is increasing 3 (evident) that real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100 — 150 calories a day from sugar, 4 is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down 5 desserts, and cut out sweet drinks altogether. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different 6 (category) of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than 7 (process) foods. Besides this, it is also important 8 (have) some meat, bean, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is key. Finally, 9 fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. In addition, studies show that consistent eating habits, for example, 10 (take) three meals a day at the same time each day, are better for our health. 【答案】 1．what 2．have insisted 3．evidence 4．which 5．on 6．categories 7．processed 8．to have 9．a 10．taking 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨构成健康饮食的要素，指出高糖食物才是影响健康的主要诱因，同时给出具体的健康饮食建议。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：如今，关于什么构成健康饮食存在很多争论。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，用连接代词what引导。故填what。 2．考查时态。句意：例如，多年来科学家们一直坚持认为，健康的大敌是高脂肪食物。insist“坚持”，本空在句中作谓语，根据时间状语for years可知，表示动作从过去开始，一直延续到现在，并且可能对现在仍有影响，时态用现在完成时，主语scientists是复数，助动词用have。故填have insisted。 3．考查名词。句意：然而，越来越多的证据表明，健康状况不佳的真正原因与其说是高脂肪食物，不如说是糖。本空在there be句型中作主语，应该用名词evidence“证据”，不可数。故填evidence。 4．考查定语从句。句意：美国心脏协会建议我们将糖的摄入量限制在每天100到150卡路里以下，这比一罐甜饮料或一块糖果中所含的糖还要少。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“100 — 150 calories a day from sugar”，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5．考查介词。句意：换句话说，如果你想要健康，就必须少吃甜点，完全戒掉甜饮料。固定短语cut down on“削减，减少”符合语境。故填on。 6．考查名词复数。句意：除此之外，你可以通过食用不同种类的新鲜食物来保持健康，特别是富含维生素和纤维的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。本空在句中作consuming的宾语，应该用名词category“种类”，根据空前different可知，用名词复数形式。故填categories。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本空在句中作定语，修饰名词food，应该用非谓语动词形式，process“加工”与food之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词processed，作定语。故填processed。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：除此之外，饮食中吃一些肉类、豆类或奶制品也很重要，因为它们为强壮骨骼和肌肉生长提供必要的蛋白质。it是形式主语，本空用动词have“有”的不定式，作真正的主语。故填to have。 9．考查冠词。句意：最后，健康饮食的一个基本关键是慢慢吃。此处表示泛指“一个基本关键”，用不定冠词，且fundamental的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a修饰。故填a。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，研究表明，一致的饮食习惯，例如，每天在同一时间吃三餐，对我们的健康更好。本句谓语为are，此处为非谓语动词，对主语consistent eating habits进行解释和举例，应该用动名词形式taking。故填taking。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高二上·安徽阜阳·月考）In summer the extreme heat often makes people sweaty and restless. While people are annoyed by it, experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your body’s toxins (毒素) and recover your energy. One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩). Therapists use smooth and heated stones, usually river rocks, to massage certain parts of the body, or place them on key points of the body. The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles, while sweating is believed to be good for discharging the body’s toxins. Another popular option is hotstone bath. The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter. Summer is the best season to build a good body. Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body, people simply wear a coat or something comfortable, and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones, which are warmed to around 45℃. The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved. More sweat will come out quickly. The sweat is smooth and fresh, not smelly like that released after sports activities. Such baths bring a number of health benefits, such as antiaging, improved blood circulation and stress relief. The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted. Using hot stones for healing dates back to ancient times, but the modern renewal of hotstone massage is generally credited to Mary Nelson, a native of Tucson, Arizona, America. The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people, especially those who have jobs in cool air-conditioned rooms. The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases, including back pain. 1．How does hotstone massage help people discharge their bodies’ toxins? A．By making people sweating. B．By relaxing people’s muscles. C．By improving blood circulation. D．By having people’s energy recovered. 2．What is a must when taking a hotstone bath? A．Steam. B．Hot water. C．Thick clothes. D．Heated stone. 3．What can be learned about the hotstone therapy? A．It successfully cured many people of cancer. B．It was invented by Mary Nelson, an American. C．It is popular with people because its excellent effects. D．It can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer. 4．In which part of a magazine can we read this text? A．Art. B．Education. C．Society. D．Health. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了夏季利用热石按摩和热石浴排毒养生的方法及其益处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles, while sweating is believed to be good for discharging the body’s toxins.(热石的温暖会改善血液循环，也有助于放松肌肉，而出汗被认为有利于排出体内毒素。)”可知，热石按摩通过促进出汗帮助人体排毒。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body, people simply wear a coat or something comfortable, and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones, which are warmed to around 45℃.(人们无需用水或蒸汽加热、清洁身体，只需穿上舒适的衣物或外套，躺在温度约为45摄氏度的热石板上即可。)”可知，热石浴必须使用加热的石头。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people, especially those who have jobs in cool air-conditioned rooms. The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases, including back pain.(这种理疗方式如今深受大众青睐，尤其受到那些长期在凉爽空调房内工作的人群欢迎。热石疗法能够辅助治疗多种疾病，其中就包括背部疼痛。)”可知，热石疗法因其显著效果而广受欢迎。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由最后一段“The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people, especially those who have jobs in cool air-conditioned rooms. The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases, including back pain.(这种理疗方式如今深受大众青睐，尤其受到那些长期在凉爽空调房内工作的人群欢迎。热石疗法能够辅助治疗多种疾病，其中就包括背部疼痛。)”可知，文章围绕热石按摩和热石浴的排毒养生功能展开，属于健康养生类内容，故最可能出现在杂志的健康版块。故选D。 （25-26高二上·吉林长春·期末）Big restaurant businesses, such as McDonald’s, have introduced touch-screen checkout systems, while others have applied tabletop tablets (平板电脑) for self-service. Besides, the use of app-based delivery services, such as Uber Eats, has continued to grow. According to US reports, spending on third-party delivery has grown three times for quick-service restaurants and nearly four times for full-service restaurants in the country. A new study carried out by Dipayan Biswas and his graduate students compares the effects of ordering from a digital screen to those of traditional methods, including printed menus. The team went over more than 23,000 orders from a number of restaurants. Each item was placed into one of three groups. Menu choices, such as fried foods and desserts, were regarded as unhealthy, while items such as vegetables and fish were considered healthy. Most soups, large salads and steaks smaller than six ounces were considered neutral. The study showed that 61% of digital orders were unhealthy — more than 3% higher than non-digital orders. The team also found that digital menus had a greater influence on what customers ordered for dinner, since they were likely to be more tired and dependent on technology later in the day. This situation is related to the Google effect. It suggests that the convenience of digital tools changes how people store and get back information, such as depending on cell phones for contact numbers and GPS for directions, leading to less brain effort in these tasks. This can result in more unplanned decisions, leading to more unhealthy food choices and more spending. However, the study also found that customers who were expert in technology might be less likely to suffer from the Google effect. “Digital ordering forms encourage a more unplanned decision-making process with lower mental effort. Restaurant managers aiming to market healthier food choices may benefit from offering non-digital ordering methods. And some may be interested in marketing expensive food items during dinner hours through digital ordering to drive sales. For customers, avoiding placing digital orders during evening hours may cut spending,” Biswas said. 1．What does the first paragraph mainly show? A．The popularity of self-service. B．The rise of digital dining services. C．The increase in everyday spending. D．The growth of global food markets. 2．What was the primary research method applied in the study? A．Reviewing actual order types. B．Doing tests on food’s health value. C．Making customer satisfaction surveys. D．Having interviews with restaurant managers. 3．What does the Google effect suggest about digital tools? A．They require a wide knowledge. B．They offer too many confusing choices. C．They allow users to follow personal habits. D．They weaken the ability to make wise choices. 4．What are restaurants probably encouraged to do? A．Match ordering methods to goals. B．Develop user-friendly digital tools. C．Offer more affordable dinner foods. D．Focus on improving after-sales service. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究显示，数字点餐使顾客更易受“谷歌效应”影响，做出冲动、不健康且消费更高的选择，尤其在晚餐时段。餐厅应根据经营目标选择合适的点餐方式。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Big restaurant businesses, such as McDonald’s, have introduced touch-screen checkout systems, while others have applied tabletop tablets (平板电脑) for self-service. Besides, the use of app-based delivery services, such as Uber Eats, has continued to grow. According to US reports, spending on third-party delivery has grown three times for quick-service restaurants and nearly four times for full-service restaurants in the country.( 大型餐饮企业，如麦当劳，已引入了触摸屏结账系统，而其他企业则使用桌面平板电脑进行自助服务。此外，基于应用程序的外卖服务，如优步外卖，其使用量也在持续增长。据美国的相关报道，美国快餐类餐厅的第三方外卖支出增长了三倍，而全服务餐厅的此类支出则增长了近四倍。)”可知，第一段主要展示了数字化餐饮服务的兴起。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The team went over more than 23,000 orders from a number of restaurants. Each item was placed into one of three groups. Menu choices, such as fried foods and desserts, were regarded as unhealthy, while items such as vegetables and fish were considered healthy. Most soups, large salads and steaks smaller than six ounces were considered neutral.( 研究团队审查了来自多家餐厅的超过 23000 份订单。每份订单被分为三个类别。诸如油炸食品和甜点之类的菜单选项被视为不健康食品，而蔬菜和鱼类等商品则被视为健康食品。大多数汤品、大型沙拉和重量小于六盎司的牛排被视为中性食品。)”可知，该研究分析实际订单数据，因此研究方法是查看真实订单类型。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This situation is related to the Google effect. It suggests that the convenience of digital tools changes how people store and get back information, such as depending on cell phones for contact numbers and GPS for directions, leading to less brain effort in these tasks. This can result in more unplanned decisions, leading to more unhealthy food choices and more spending.( 这种情况与“谷歌效应”有关。它表明，数字工具的便利性改变了人们存储和获取信息的方式，比如依靠手机获取联系人信息和使用 GPS 获取路线指引，从而在这些任务中减少了脑力投入。这可能导致更多的随意决策，进而导致更不健康的饮食选择和更多的消费。)”可知，谷歌效应表明数字工具削弱了做出明智选择的能力。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Digital ordering forms encourage a more unplanned decision- making process with lower mental effort. Restaurant managers aiming to market healthier food choices may benefit from offering non-digital ordering methods. And some may be interested in marketing expensive food items during dinner hours through digital ordering to drive sales.”( 比斯瓦斯说：“数字点餐表鼓励一种更随意的决策过程，且需要的脑力更低。旨在推广更健康饮食选择的餐厅管理者可能会受益于提供非数字点餐方式。而有些人可能会有兴趣在晚餐时间通过数字点餐来推销昂贵的食品，以促进销售。”)”可推知，餐馆可能被鼓励去根据目标选择合适的点餐方式。故选A项。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $