Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 现在分词作宾补和状语（单元核心语法精练）英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 核心语法精练（现在分词做宾补和状语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 现在分词作宾补 动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 1.在感官动词后作宾语补足语 在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，表示一个正在进行的主动的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。 In the crowded cafe, I heard a friendly voice saying, “You can share my table.” He saw a girl wandering on the street this time yesterday. 注意： see/ hear /watch/ feel/ notice+sb./ sth.+doing sth.强调动作正在进行； see/ hear/ watch/ feel/ notice+sb./ sth.+do sth.强调动作发生的全过程/全过程已经结束了。 Today on my way home, I saw a man running along the street hurriedly. I saw him enter the room and take something away. 2.在使役动词宾补结构中的使用使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“让……一直做某事” It’s cold. We should have the fire burning all the time. I won’t have you running about in the room. 注意： 1) have/ get+sb./ sth.+done包括两层意思： ①让别人去做某事。②（主语）遭受到（意外的损失或不幸）。 have +宾语+do sth. 意思是“让某人去干某事”。 1. Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit. 2. He had/ got his computer stolen the other day. 3. He will have/ get the computer repaired tomorrow. 2) leave/ keep +sb./ sth. done sth.（使……处于/保持某种状态） Many teachers keep parents informed of children’s performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat. 3. 现在分词在with复合结构中的使用 在with复合结构中，现在分词充当宾语补足语，表动作“正在进行”。 Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? 注意： 在with的复合结构中, 也可以使用不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked（表被动）. I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash（表将来）. 现在分词作状语 现在分词（doing/having done）作状语，属于非谓语动词的核心考点，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，可替代状语从句，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表达时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果、让步等逻辑关系。 1. 表时间（相当于 when/while/as 引导的时间状语从句） 一般式（doing）：分词动作与主句动作同时发生 例句：Walking along the seashore, we enjoyed the beautiful scenery.（= When we were walking along the seashore...） 完成式（having done）：分词动作先于主句动作发生（高考高频考点） 例句：Having finished the design, he submitted it to the manager immediately.（= After he had finished the design...） 2. 表原因（相当于 because/since/as 引导的原因状语从句） 侧重用分词短语简化原因，语气比从句更简洁 例句：Not knowing his telephone number, we couldn’t get in touch with him.（= Because we didn’t know his telephone number...） 3. 表条件（相当于 if/unless 引导的条件状语从句） 分词短语置于句首，暗含“如果/只要”的逻辑 例句：Working hard, you will surely achieve your academic goals.（= If you work hard...） 4. 表伴随/方式（高考最基础用法） 分词动作与主句动作同时发生，用来补充主句动作的状态或方式，常置于句末 例句：The professor stood there, answering the students’ questions one by one. 5. 表结果（高考重难点：自然而然的结果，区别于不定式的“出乎意料的结果”） 结构：主句 + doing/having done，分词前可加 thus/thereby 强调结果 例句：The global temperature keeps rising, causing many natural disasters. 【高考对比】He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.（不定式表出乎意料的结果） 6. 表让步（相当于 though/although 引导的让步状语从句，常与 even if/though 连用） 结构：doing/having done + 主句，可加副词 still/yet 强化让步语气 例句：Knowing the task was difficult, they still accepted it bravely.（= Though they knew the task was difficult...） 高考核心考点与易错点 1. 逻辑主语一致原则（必考点，高频设错） 正确：Hearing the news, she burst into tears.（逻辑主语 she 与 hear 是主动关系） 错误：Hearing the news, tears came to her eyes.（逻辑主语 tears 无法发出 hear 动作，需改为独立主格：Her hearing the news, tears came to her eyes.） 2. 现在分词的否定式 结构：not + doing（一般式否定） / not having done（完成式否定） 例句：Not having received the invitation, he didn’t attend the party.（高考常考完成式否定） 3. 独立主格结构（特殊情况，高考压轴考点） 当分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，需在分词前加上自己的逻辑主语，构成“名词/代词 + doing”的独立主格结构，作状语。 例句：The monitor being ill, we had to put off the sports meeting. 例句：The problem having been solved, we continued our project. 4. 悬垂分词（特殊用法，仅限固定搭配） 部分分词短语已演变为独立成分，逻辑主语无需与主句一致，属于高考认知考点。 常见短语：generally speaking（一般来说）, judging from/by（根据……判断）, considering（考虑到） 例句：Judging from his accent, he must be from the south of China.（permitting的逻辑主语是weather，而不是the football match） 一、单句语法填空 1．With the teacher (help) us, we successfully finished the difficult experiment. 2．When I entered the room, I found her (read) a novel quietly. 3．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people (sit) there and engaging in active and joyful conversations. 4．When I entered the room, I found him (sleep) on the sofa. 5．When she got home, she found her little brother (watch) cartoons on the sofa. 6．The teacher left the students (finish) their assignments independently. 7．With time (go) by, I am aware of the importance of study. 8．He observed a stranger (hang) around the shop at 12 last night. 9．I found him (stare) at me when I looked up. 10．Seeing the ball (roll) toward him，the boy was frightened. 11．Listen! I hear them (argue) with each other in the room. 12．The party started with more guests (turn) up than expected. 13．The salesman scolded the girl caught (steal) and let her off. 14．As soon as I entered the house, I saw my younger sister (dance) to her favourite music in the living room. 15．A homeless child was found (beg) on the street for food. 16．He observed the monkeys (jump) up and down while jogging in the nature park. 17．With the guide (show) us around these scenic spots, we are sure to have a merry time. 18．Never leave children (play) near water unattended. 19．He wrote a letter     (request) permission to join the school’s music club. 20．In the afternoon, I stay in my office, (do) lots of paperwork. 21． (bury) himself in the book, he didn’t know it was raining outside. 22．When she saw the old photo, childhood memories came (flood) back, making her eyes wet with tears. 23． (gather) all my courage to take a bite, I was amazed to find stinky tofu wasn’t so bad. 24．Our government attaches much importance to education now, (enable) many people to be well educated. 25．The old man used to sit in the shade of the big tree, (shelter) from the sunlight. 26．Each statue has a different face, (lead) researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. 27． (attempt) to finish the task alone, he soon realized he needed help. 28．He lost his balance and fell, (hit) his knee on the ground. 29．The heavy rain lasted for three days, (cause) severe floods in many areas. 30． (rush) out of the door, I nearly bumped into my neighbor. 二、完成句子 31．这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。 , she felt nervous. 32．My teacher suggested me . 我的老师建议我听听音乐。 33．This app keeps you 这个应用程序可以让你更新所有你最喜欢的话题。 34．I noticed the boy ________ ________ by his mother. 我注意到那男孩挨他母亲的打。 35．观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声，我意识到我表演成功了。 I realized it was a successful performance with a thunderous applause from the audience. 36．克服困难后，他变得更加自信了。 the difficulties, he became more confident. 37． around, . 球队围在我身边，看起来很担心。 38．安迪患心脏病多年，他无论到哪里，都得带些药。(suffer) so many years, Andy has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. 39． , he is likely to have been to Beijing before. 从他的话来判断，他可能以前去过北京。 40．The earthquake struck the area, . 地震袭击了该地区，造成了很大损失。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高一上·辽宁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Standing on a sand dune in Minqin county, Gansu province, 27-year-old Zhong Lin looked into the distance 1 the rows of newly planted trees. “Turning a desert into an oasis may not be realistic, 2 we can certainly protect the oasis (绿洲) that already exist,” he said. In 2021, Zhong returned to his hometown to start a tree-planting business. Since then, he 3 (become) a key figure in local efforts to fight desertification. 4 (inspire) by Minqin’s centuries-old struggle against spreading sands, 5 (date) back to the Ming and Qing dynasties, he felt a strong need to continue the fight. “With an aging population, it is up to us, the younger generation, 6 (take) up the job,” he said. But he faced many challenges: money problems, parents 7 didn’t understand his choice and friends who called him ‘foolish’. The work was long and difficult. After a sandstorm in March, only a few dozen of the 500 trees survived. But Zhong never gave up. In 2022, he opened 8 Douyin account (账号), where he shared short videos of his daily planting work. The account 9 (unexpected) became popular. In 2024, he appeared on the 10 (real) show Become A Farmer, planting trees with celebrities. This made‘Minqin Tree Planting’a well-known volunteer activity for young people. （24-25高一下·辽宁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Sherpa from Nepal has broken the record for climbing Mount Everest. Kami Rita, 55, is a guide in the Himalayas, 1 (reach) the summit of Mount Everest for the 31st time. He broke his own record of 30 climbs, 2 he set last year. Rita got to the top of the 8,849-metre mountain via the southeast route. He was once the guide for a 22-member team from the Indian army. Then he 3 (hire) by the company Seven Summit Treks. A company spokesman said Kami Rita was “a national climbing hero” 4 “a global symbol of Everest”. Another spokesman called Rita “a very passionate climber” Kami Rita is called “Everest Man”. He first 5 (go) to Everest in 1994. He has climbed it almost every year since then. More than 8,000 people have got to the top of the world’s 6 (high) peak. New Zealander Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay were 7 first people to reach the top. They did this in 1953. Many 8 (climber) try to get to the summit every year. They need a permit. In 2008, Nepal issued 160 permits. That increased 9 421 last year. Nepal limits the number of permits for safety reasons. Climbing Everest is 10 (danger) . Dangers include altitude sickness, freezing weather, and avalanches (雪崩) . 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）Leaving our hostel in the centre of Phnom Penh, we climb inside our small Tuk Tuk cabin attached to the back of Kivi’s motorbike; a bottle of water in one hand and a sunflower mask in the other we set off on our 45-minute commute. It is a familiar start to the day as we meet two other volunteers. We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city. The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kivi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families. We reach the dusty highway, having put on substandard masks earlier to protect our ears and lungs. A maze of concrete buildings and huts exist along the side of the road among a sea of rubbish. The residents often smile and wave as we pass by. We turn onto a farm track. The last part of our journey is a roller coaster, jumping out of potholes (坑洼)and turning to avoid falling off the sinking road. We pass huts on stilts (木桩), skinny cows and farm yards where children jump and scream upon seeing us. The stream along the side of the road is almost bone dry and plants are rarely seen across the fields. Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (绿洲) is Samong Farm. By the gates, a group of 10-year-old children are having a marble competition. We’re greeted by the shouts of “Cha, cha (short for ‘teacher’)!” from several other kids gathering round. As we climb out of our vehicle, the sun is already hot and the oasis is as dry as the fields surrounding it. In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samong Orphanage. Compared to children in the Western world, they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day. Despite the journey, it is so good to arrive and work in the morning. 1．Where was the author going? A．To Samong Orphanage. B．To a maze of concrete buildings. C．To the capital of Cambodia. D．To the centre of Phnom Penh. 2．What word can be used to describe Kivi? A．Disciplined. B．Skillful. C．Devoted. D．Ambitious. 3．What can be inferred from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Samong farm is a wealthy and developed rural area. B．It has rich water resources and thick plants along the road. C．The local children are curious and friendly to strangers. D．The road to the orphanage is smooth and easy to travel. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．Enthusiasm from the children. B．Comfort of riding a motorbike. C．Beauty of working in the morning. D．Pleasure of being part of a new culture. （25-26高一上·河北石家庄·期中）American mountaineer Jim Morrison made history this week when he put on his skis and carefully moved his way down one of Mount Qomolangma’s most dangerous mountain sides. He is the first person to ski the Hornbein Couloir, a high, narrow gully (陡坡) on the mountain’s North Face. The groundbreaking adventure marked the completion of years of planning and training. Morrison had attempted (尝试) to ski the Hornbein Couloir twice before — once in 2023 and again in 2024 — but was unsuccessful. This year, Morrison spent more than six weeks on Mount Qomolangma, getting used to the mountain and waiting for a suitable weather window. There were 11 other mountaineers with him. Around 6 a.m. on October 15, Morrison and his teammates began their climb. They reached the top at 12:45 p.m. After taking a few photos, most of the team began carefully climbing back. Meanwhile, Morrison got ready and started skiing. The trip took him four hours and five minutes. At one point, he reached a point that was completely devoid of snow and ice, so he had to take off his skis and lower himself for about 650 feet. He had a short rest at Camp Three, and then kept going. When Morrison finally reached Camp One, he was in tears. “I’d attempted so much and faced so much danger, but I was alive,” he says. Mountaineers have skied other routes (线路) on Mount Qomolangma, but never the Hornbein Couloir. Since it’s on the mountain’s north side, the Hornbein Couloir is often shaded from the sun. As a result, it remains covered in snow and ice well into the fall. French snowboarder Marco Siffredi attempted the Hornbein Couloir in September 2002. But after he dropped into the gully, he was never seen again. Other attempts have been made since then, but no one was successful until Morrison. 1．What was Jim Morrison’s groundbreaking achievement? A．He skied the Hornbein Couloir twice. B．He spent over six weeks getting to the top. C．He reached the top of Mount Qomolangma. D．He became the first Hornbein Couloir skier. 2．What does the underlined part “devoid of” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Full of. B．Covered by. C．Free from. D．Mixed with. 3．Which can best describe the skiing route of the Hornbein Couloir? A．Most popular. B．Highly challenging. C．Beginner-friendly. D．Sun-bathed. 4．Why does the author mention Marco Siffredi in the last paragraph? A．To prove Marco’s bravery. B．To honor this famous snowboarder. C．To show Morrison’s success was hard-won. D．To introduce the history of mountain skiing. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 核心语法精练（现在分词做宾补和状语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 现在分词作宾补 动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 1.在感官动词后作宾语补足语 在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，表示一个正在进行的主动的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。 In the crowded cafe, I heard a friendly voice saying, “You can share my table.” He saw a girl wandering on the street this time yesterday. 注意： see/ hear /watch/ feel/ notice+sb./ sth.+doing sth.强调动作正在进行； see/ hear/ watch/ feel/ notice+sb./ sth.+do sth.强调动作发生的全过程/全过程已经结束了。 Today on my way home, I saw a man running along the street hurriedly. I saw him enter the room and take something away. 2.在使役动词宾补结构中的使用使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“让……一直做某事” It’s cold. We should have the fire burning all the time. I won’t have you running about in the room. 注意： 1) have/ get+sb./ sth.+done包括两层意思： ①让别人去做某事。②（主语）遭受到（意外的损失或不幸）。 have +宾语+do sth. 意思是“让某人去干某事”。 1. Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit. 2. He had/ got his computer stolen the other day. 3. He will have/ get the computer repaired tomorrow. 2) leave/ keep +sb./ sth. done sth.（使……处于/保持某种状态） Many teachers keep parents informed of children’s performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat. 3. 现在分词在with复合结构中的使用 在with复合结构中，现在分词充当宾语补足语，表动作“正在进行”。 Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? 注意： 在with的复合结构中, 也可以使用不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked（表被动）. I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash（表将来）. 现在分词作状语 现在分词（doing/having done）作状语，属于非谓语动词的核心考点，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，可替代状语从句，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表达时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果、让步等逻辑关系。 1. 表时间（相当于 when/while/as 引导的时间状语从句） 一般式（doing）：分词动作与主句动作同时发生 例句：Walking along the seashore, we enjoyed the beautiful scenery.（= When we were walking along the seashore...） 完成式（having done）：分词动作先于主句动作发生（高考高频考点） 例句：Having finished the design, he submitted it to the manager immediately.（= After he had finished the design...） 2. 表原因（相当于 because/since/as 引导的原因状语从句） 侧重用分词短语简化原因，语气比从句更简洁 例句：Not knowing his telephone number, we couldn’t get in touch with him.（= Because we didn’t know his telephone number...） 3. 表条件（相当于 if/unless 引导的条件状语从句） 分词短语置于句首，暗含“如果/只要”的逻辑 例句：Working hard, you will surely achieve your academic goals.（= If you work hard...） 4. 表伴随/方式（高考最基础用法） 分词动作与主句动作同时发生，用来补充主句动作的状态或方式，常置于句末 例句：The professor stood there, answering the students’ questions one by one. 5. 表结果（高考重难点：自然而然的结果，区别于不定式的“出乎意料的结果”） 结构：主句 + doing/having done，分词前可加 thus/thereby 强调结果 例句：The global temperature keeps rising, causing many natural disasters. 【高考对比】He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.（不定式表出乎意料的结果） 6. 表让步（相当于 though/although 引导的让步状语从句，常与 even if/though 连用） 结构：doing/having done + 主句，可加副词 still/yet 强化让步语气 例句：Knowing the task was difficult, they still accepted it bravely.（= Though they knew the task was difficult...） 高考核心考点与易错点 1. 逻辑主语一致原则（必考点，高频设错） 正确：Hearing the news, she burst into tears.（逻辑主语 she 与 hear 是主动关系） 错误：Hearing the news, tears came to her eyes.（逻辑主语 tears 无法发出 hear 动作，需改为独立主格：Her hearing the news, tears came to her eyes.） 2. 现在分词的否定式 结构：not + doing（一般式否定） / not having done（完成式否定） 例句：Not having received the invitation, he didn’t attend the party.（高考常考完成式否定） 3. 独立主格结构（特殊情况，高考压轴考点） 当分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，需在分词前加上自己的逻辑主语，构成“名词/代词 + doing”的独立主格结构，作状语。 例句：The monitor being ill, we had to put off the sports meeting. 例句：The problem having been solved, we continued our project. 4. 悬垂分词（特殊用法，仅限固定搭配） 部分分词短语已演变为独立成分，逻辑主语无需与主句一致，属于高考认知考点。 常见短语：generally speaking（一般来说）, judging from/by（根据……判断）, considering（考虑到） 例句：Judging from his accent, he must be from the south of China.（permitting的逻辑主语是weather，而不是the football match） 一、单句语法填空 1．With the teacher (help) us, we successfully finished the difficult experiment. 【答案】helping 【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：在老师的帮助下，我们成功地完成了这个困难的实验。空处在with复合结构中作宾补，help和宾语teacher之间逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词。故填helping。 2．When I entered the room, I found her (read) a novel quietly. 【答案】reading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我进入房间时，我发现她正在安静地读一本小说。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词是“found”，空格处需用非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应使用“find+宾语+现在分词”结构，表示“发现某人正在做某事”。现在分词“reading”作宾语补足语，强调该动作与谓语动词“found”同时发生，且与宾语“her”是主动关系。故填reading。 3．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people (sit) there and engaging in active and joyful conversations. 【答案】sitting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：告示牌张贴几天后，他就发现有人坐在那里，兴致勃勃地畅谈着。由于find sb.+非谓语动词是固定结构，本题中宾语people和所填词sit之间是逻辑上的主动关系，即“人们正坐着”，要用V-ing作宾语补足语。故填sitting。 4．When I entered the room, I found him (sleep) on the sofa. 【答案】sleeping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我进入房间时，我发现他正在沙发上睡觉。“find sb. doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“发现某人正在做某事”，用现在分词sleeping作宾语补足语，表示他正处于睡觉的状态。故填sleeping。 5．When she got home, she found her little brother (watch) cartoons on the sofa. 【答案】watching 【详解】考查动名词。句意：当她到家时，她发现她的小弟弟正在沙发上看动画片。空处为found的宾语补足语，和宾语her little brother之间是主动且进行的关系，应用现在分词。故填watching。 6．The teacher left the students (finish) their assignments independently. 【答案】finishing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师让学生独立完成作业。本句谓语为left，此处为非谓语动词，leave sb. doing sth.为固定短语，意为“让某人一直做某事”，finish“完成”和students为主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填finishing。 7．With time (go) by, I am aware of the importance of study. 【答案】going 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的流逝，我意识到学习的重要性。此处用了with的复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，go by“流逝”和time逻辑上是主动关系，且go by的行为和谓语行为一同发生，应用go的现在分词形式。故填going。 8．He observed a stranger (hang) around the shop at 12 last night. 【答案】hanging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨晚12点，他看见一个陌生人在商店附近徘徊。结合at 12 last night可知，此处表示“观察到某人正在做某事”，应使用短语observe sb. doing sth.，hang与逻辑主语a stranger之间是主动关系，所以空处应使用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填hanging。 9．I found him (stare) at me when I looked up. 【答案】staring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我抬头时，我发现他正盯着我看。本句谓语为found，此处为非谓语动词，find sb. doing sth.“发现某人正在做某事”，且him与stare“盯着看”为主动关系，表示动作正在进行，用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填staring。 10．Seeing the ball (roll) toward him，the boy was frightened. 【答案】rolling 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：看到球朝他滚过来，那个男孩吓坏了。roll为动词，表示“滚动”，动词短语see sb doing表示“看到某人正在做某事”，see the ball rolling toward him表示“看到球正在朝他滚过来”，故空处应用现在分词形式，作宾补。故填rolling。 11．Listen! I hear them (argue) with each other in the room. 【答案】arguing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听！我听见他们正在房间里争吵。空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，宾语them和argue之间为主动关系，且Listen!表明动作正在发生，故用现在分词作宾补，表主动和进行。hear sb. doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事”。故填arguing。 12．The party started with more guests (turn) up than expected. 【答案】turning 【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：聚会开始时，到来的客人比预期的多。“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”构成with复合结构，此处guests与turn up是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填turning。 13．The salesman scolded the girl caught (steal) and let her off. 【答案】stealing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个售货员责备了那个被抓住偷东西的女孩，然后放她走了。分析句子结构可知，“caught _______ (steal)”为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“the girl”；catch sb. doing sth.为固定结构，意为“抓住某人正在做某事”，此处为其被动形式“sb. be caught doing sth.”，因此此处应用steal的现在分词形式stealing。故填stealing。 14．As soon as I entered the house, I saw my younger sister (dance) to her favourite music in the living room. 【答案】dancing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我一进屋，就看见妹妹在客厅里随着她最喜欢的音乐跳舞。saw是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，sister和dance之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语，也表示正在进行，故填dancing。 15．A homeless child was found (beg) on the street for food. 【答案】begging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个无家可归的孩子被发现在街上乞讨食物。分析句子可知，此处为“find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的被动形式，即“sb. be found doing sth.”，表示“某人被发现正在做某事”，设空处应用现在分词作主语补足语，故填begging。 16．He observed the monkeys (jump) up and down while jogging in the nature park. 【答案】jumping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他在自然公园慢跑时看到猴子上蹿下跳。 设空处作宾语补足语；此处表示“看到某物正在做某事”，应用observe sth. doing sth.，用现在分词作宾语补足语，表主动且强调动作正在进行。故填jumping。 17．With the guide (show) us around these scenic spots, we are sure to have a merry time. 【答案】showing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有导游带我们游览这些景点，我们一定会玩得很开心。此处为with的复合结构，即“with + 宾语 + 宾补”，show与宾语the guide之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式作宾补。故填showing。 18．Never leave children (play) near water unattended. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要让孩子在无人看管的情况下在水边玩耍。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填分词作宾语补足语，play与宾语 your children的关系为主动，所以填现在分词，leave sb doing 表示“让某人保持某种动作或状态”，故填playing。 19．He wrote a letter     (request) permission to join the school’s music club. 【答案】to request/requesting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他写了一封信，请求获得加入学校音乐俱乐部的许可。wrote a letter是为了request permission，此空可用动词不定式to request作目的状语，表示“为了请求”，说明写信的目的。此外，He与request是主谓关系，此空也可用现在分词requesting，作状语。故填to request/ requesting。 20．In the afternoon, I stay in my office, (do) lots of paperwork. 【答案】doing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下午，我待在办公室，做很多文书工作。句中已有谓语动词stay，“(do) lots of paperwork”作伴随状语，do(做)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式表主动。故填doing。 21． (bury) himself in the book, he didn’t know it was raining outside. 【答案】Burying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他埋头看书，不知道外面在下雨。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词bury与句子的主语he之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词burying作状语。故填burying。 22．When she saw the old photo, childhood memories came (flood) back, making her eyes wet with tears. 【答案】flooding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当她看到这张旧照片时，童年的回忆涌上心头，让她热泪盈眶。句中谓语动词为came，此处flood需用非谓语形式；memories与flood之间为主动关系，用现在分词flooding作伴随状语。故填flooding。 23． (gather) all my courage to take a bite, I was amazed to find stinky tofu wasn’t so bad. 【答案】Gathering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：鼓起所有勇气咬了一口后，我惊讶地发现臭豆腐并没有那么难吃。此处为非谓语，gather的逻辑主语是I，二者为主动关系，需用现在分词作状语，句首首字母大写。故填Gathering。 24．Our government attaches much importance to education now, (enable) many people to be well educated. 【答案】enabling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的政府现在非常重视教育，使许多人受到良好的教育。句中已有谓语动词attaches，且空格前无连词，空处需填非谓语动词。enable与其逻辑主语（前面整个句子描述的情况）是主动关系，故用现在分词形式enabling 作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填enabling。 25．The old man used to sit in the shade of the big tree, (shelter) from the sunlight. 【答案】sheltering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位老人过去常常坐在那棵大树的树荫下，躲避阳光的照射。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，此处shelter与man构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填sheltering。 26．Each statue has a different face, (lead) researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. 【答案】leading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每座雕像都有不同的面孔，这让研究人员认为每座雕像都是一名真实士兵的复制品。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，“lead”与前面的整个句子为主动关系，需用现在分词形式“leading”，表示自然而然的结果。故填leading。 27． (attempt) to finish the task alone, he soon realized he needed help. 【答案】Attempting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：试图独自完成任务时，他很快意识到自己需要帮助。此处为非谓语动词作状语，句子主语“he”与“attempt”之间是主动关系，且“attempt”的动作与“realized”的动作同时发生，需用现在分词形式，attempt的现在分词形式为attempting，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Attempting。 28．He lost his balance and fell, (hit) his knee on the ground. 【答案】hitting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他失去平衡摔倒了，膝盖撞到了地上。分析句子可知，逗号前为完整句子，且句中无其他连词，所以此处动词hit应用非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语“He”之间是主动关系，且根据语境可知，“hit his knee on the ground”是摔倒后自然产生的结果，所以应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填hitting。 29．The heavy rain lasted for three days, (cause) severe floods in many areas. 【答案】causing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这场大雨持续了三天，导致许多地区发生了严重的洪涝灾害。此处cause与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填causing。 30． (rush) out of the door, I nearly bumped into my neighbor. 【答案】Rushing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我冲出门时，差点撞到邻居。rush与I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Rushing。 二、完成句子 31．这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。 , she felt nervous. 【答案】With so many people looking at her 【详解】考查with复合结构。根据句意，“这么多人看着她”可使用“with +宾语+现在分词”的复合结构，表示“这么多人”可译为so many people作宾语，表示“看着她”为look at her，与宾语so many people之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词短语作宾语补足语，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填With so many people looking at her。 32．My teacher suggested me . 我的老师建议我听听音乐。 【答案】listening to music 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“听音乐”短语为listen to music，此处为短语suggest sb. doing sth.表示“建议某人做某事”。故填listening to music。 33．This app keeps you 这个应用程序可以让你更新所有你最喜欢的话题。 【答案】updating on all your favourite topics 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“关于……的更新”用update on…，表示“所有你最喜欢的话题”用all your favourite topics。空处作宾补，you与update构成主动关系，用现在分词。keep sb doing意思为：让某人做某事。故填updating on all your favourite topics。 34．I noticed the boy ________ ________ by his mother. 我注意到那男孩挨他母亲的打。 【答案】being beaten 【详解】考查动词的非谓语形式。句子结构为“notice + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”，表示“注意到某人正在做某事”时，宾语补足语用现在分词形式。这里表示“男孩正在被打”，用现在分词的被动形式。故填being beaten。 35．观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声，我意识到我表演成功了。 I realized it was a successful performance with a thunderous applause from the audience. 【答案】 breaking out 【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语break out“爆发”。分析句子结构可知，该动词短语在句中作宾语补足语，和宾语“a thunderous applause”之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。故填①breaking②out。 36．克服困难后，他变得更加自信了。 the difficulties, he became more confident. 【答案】 Getting over 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。空处需填表示“克服”的英语短语，动词短语get over表示“克服”，符合句意；句子已有谓语动词became，此处需用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语he与get over为主动关系，故用现在分词形式Getting（句首单词首字母需大写）。故填①Getting②over。 37． around, . 球队围在我身边，看起来很担心。 【答案】 The team gathered looking worried 【详解】考查名词、动词和非谓语动词。“球队”可表示为team，在句中作主语，这里特指，应加定冠词the；结合第一空后的around，“围在我身边”用gather around，本句陈述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；“看起来很担心”可表示为look worried，且句子主干成分完整，此处作句子的伴随状语，look和其逻辑主语The team是主动关系，应用look的现在分词形式looking。故填The team gathered；looking worried。 38．安迪患心脏病多年，他无论到哪里，都得带些药。(suffer) so many years, Andy has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. 【答案】 Suffering from heart disease 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“患心脏病”suffer from heart disease，谓语动词has to take之前无并列连词，空处作非谓语动词，和主语Andy之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Suffering，from，heart，disease。 39． , he is likely to have been to Beijing before. 从他的话来判断，他可能以前去过北京。 【答案】Judging from his words 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“从……来判断”使用现在分词短语judging from作状语，是一个独立的结构，“他的话”译为his words，故填Judging from his words。 40．The earthquake struck the area, . 地震袭击了该地区，造成了很大损失。 【答案】causing great damage 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。“造成很大损失”翻译为cause great damage；空格处是非谓语动词作状语，动词cause与句子的主语the earthquake之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式causing作状语。故填causing great damage。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高一上·辽宁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Standing on a sand dune in Minqin county, Gansu province, 27-year-old Zhong Lin looked into the distance 1 the rows of newly planted trees. “Turning a desert into an oasis may not be realistic, 2 we can certainly protect the oasis (绿洲) that already exist,” he said. In 2021, Zhong returned to his hometown to start a tree-planting business. Since then, he 3 (become) a key figure in local efforts to fight desertification. 4 (inspire) by Minqin’s centuries-old struggle against spreading sands, 5 (date) back to the Ming and Qing dynasties, he felt a strong need to continue the fight. “With an aging population, it is up to us, the younger generation, 6 (take) up the job,” he said. But he faced many challenges: money problems, parents 7 didn’t understand his choice and friends who called him ‘foolish’. The work was long and difficult. After a sandstorm in March, only a few dozen of the 500 trees survived. But Zhong never gave up. In 2022, he opened 8 Douyin account (账号), where he shared short videos of his daily planting work. The account 9 (unexpected) became popular. In 2024, he appeared on the 10 (real) show Become A Farmer, planting trees with celebrities. This made‘Minqin Tree Planting’a well-known volunteer activity for young people. 【答案】 1．at 2．but 3．has become 4．Inspired 5．dating 6．to take 7．who 8．a 9．unexpectedly 10．reality 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述27岁的仲麟回到甘肃民勤家乡种树治沙，克服诸多困难，通过短视频分享治沙经历，让民勤种树成为知名青年志愿活动的故事。 1．考查介词。句意：站在甘肃民勤县的一座沙丘上，27岁的仲麟望向远方一排排新栽的树木。look into the distance at... 意为 “眺望远处的……”，空后接宾语the rows of newly planted trees，应用介词at。故填at。 2．考查连词。句意：把沙漠变成绿洲或许不现实，但我们肯定能保护好现存的绿洲。前半句表否定的“不现实”，后半句表肯定的“能保护”，二者为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自那以后，他成了当地治沙工作中的关键人物。此空考查谓语动词，主语he与become为主动关系，再根据时间状语“Since then”可知，应用现在完成时；主语he为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has become。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：受到民勤自明清时期延续数百年的治沙抗争精神的鼓舞，他深感自己有责任将这份事业传承下去。此空考查非谓语，主语he与inspire为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Inspired。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：受到民勤自明清时期延续数百年的治沙抗争精神的鼓舞，他深感自己有责任将这份事业传承下去。此空考查非谓语，date back to“追溯到”无被动语态，应用现在分词作后置定语，修饰“struggle against spreading sands”。故填dating。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：他说：“随着人口老龄化，这项工作该由我们年轻一代来承担了。”这里考查固定句型“It is up to sb. to do sth.”，意为“由某人负责做某事”。故填to take。 7．考查定语从句。句意：但他面临诸多挑战：资金问题、不理解他选择的父母，还有称他“傻”的朋友。这里考查定语从句，先行词是parents，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 8．考查冠词。句意：2022年，他开通了一个抖音账号，在上面分享自己日常种树的短视频。account为可数名词，此处表泛指“一个账号”，且Douyin以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 9．考查副词。句意：这个账号出人意料地走红了。此处修饰动词became，需用形容词unexpected的副词形式unexpectedly作状语。故填unexpectedly。 10．考查名词。句意：2024年，他登上了真人秀《种地吧》，和明星一起种树。此处修饰名词show，应用real的名词形式reality，reality show意为“真人秀”。故填reality。 （24-25高一下·辽宁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Sherpa from Nepal has broken the record for climbing Mount Everest. Kami Rita, 55, is a guide in the Himalayas, 1 (reach) the summit of Mount Everest for the 31st time. He broke his own record of 30 climbs, 2 he set last year. Rita got to the top of the 8,849-metre mountain via the southeast route. He was once the guide for a 22-member team from the Indian army. Then he 3 (hire) by the company Seven Summit Treks. A company spokesman said Kami Rita was “a national climbing hero” 4 “a global symbol of Everest”. Another spokesman called Rita “a very passionate climber” Kami Rita is called “Everest Man”. He first 5 (go) to Everest in 1994. He has climbed it almost every year since then. More than 8,000 people have got to the top of the world’s 6 (high) peak. New Zealander Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay were 7 first people to reach the top. They did this in 1953. Many 8 (climber) try to get to the summit every year. They need a permit. In 2008, Nepal issued 160 permits. That increased 9 421 last year. Nepal limits the number of permits for safety reasons. Climbing Everest is 10 (danger) . Dangers include altitude sickness, freezing weather, and avalanches (雪崩) . 【答案】 1．reaching 2．which 3．was hired 4．and 5．went 6．highest 7．the 8．climbers 9．to 10．dangerous 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了尼泊尔夏尔巴人卡米・丽塔第31次登上珠峰，打破自己此前30次的纪录。他1994年首登珠峰，几乎每年都登，被称“珠峰人”，攀登珠峰有诸多危险。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：55岁的卡米·丽塔（Kami Rita）是喜马拉雅山的一名导游，这是她第31次登上珠穆朗玛峰。此处应用非谓语动词作状语，句中逻辑主语Kami Rita与动词reach之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填reaching。 2．考查定语从句。句意：他打破了自己去年创下的攀登30次的纪录。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词“30 climbs”，指事物，在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词 which引导。故填which。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：后来，他被Seven Summit Treks公司聘用。“he”与“hire”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；又根据上文的“was once”可知，该空应用一般过去时。主语为单数，所以be动词用was。故填was hired。 4．考查连词。句意：公司发言人表示，卡米·丽塔是“国家攀登英雄”和“珠穆朗玛峰的全球象征”。根据句意可知，此处连接两个并列的表语“a national climbing hero”和“a global symbol of Everest”，表示并列关系。故填and。 5．考查动词时态。句意：1994年，他第一次登上珠穆朗玛峰。根据时间状语“in 1994”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。故填went。 6．考查形容词最高级。句意：8000多人登上了世界最高峰。由定冠词 the 和语境可知，此处表示“世界最高峰”，应用形容词的最高级形式。故填highest。 7．考查冠词。句意：新西兰人埃德蒙·希拉里和夏尔巴人丹增·诺盖是第一批登顶的人。序数词 first 前需加定冠词 the，表示“第一批人”。故填the。 8．考查名词复数形式。句意：每年都有许多登山者试图登上山顶。Many后接可数名词的复数形式，故此处用 climber的复数 climbers。故填climbers。 9．考查固定短语。句意：去年增加到421张。固定短语increase to意为“增加到……”，符合语境。故填to。 10．考查形容词。句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰是危险的。根据句意以及空前is系动词可知，此处作表语，应用danger的形容词形式 dangerous，意为“危险的”。故填dangerous。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）Leaving our hostel in the centre of Phnom Penh, we climb inside our small Tuk Tuk cabin attached to the back of Kivi’s motorbike; a bottle of water in one hand and a sunflower mask in the other we set off on our 45-minute commute. It is a familiar start to the day as we meet two other volunteers. We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city. The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kivi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families. We reach the dusty highway, having put on substandard masks earlier to protect our ears and lungs. A maze of concrete buildings and huts exist along the side of the road among a sea of rubbish. The residents often smile and wave as we pass by. We turn onto a farm track. The last part of our journey is a roller coaster, jumping out of potholes (坑洼)and turning to avoid falling off the sinking road. We pass huts on stilts (木桩), skinny cows and farm yards where children jump and scream upon seeing us. The stream along the side of the road is almost bone dry and plants are rarely seen across the fields. Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (绿洲) is Samong Farm. By the gates, a group of 10-year-old children are having a marble competition. We’re greeted by the shouts of “Cha, cha (short for ‘teacher’)!” from several other kids gathering round. As we climb out of our vehicle, the sun is already hot and the oasis is as dry as the fields surrounding it. In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samong Orphanage. Compared to children in the Western world, they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day. Despite the journey, it is so good to arrive and work in the morning. 1．Where was the author going? A．To Samong Orphanage. B．To a maze of concrete buildings. C．To the capital of Cambodia. D．To the centre of Phnom Penh. 2．What word can be used to describe Kivi? A．Disciplined. B．Skillful. C．Devoted. D．Ambitious. 3．What can be inferred from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Samong farm is a wealthy and developed rural area. B．It has rich water resources and thick plants along the road. C．The local children are curious and friendly to strangers. D．The road to the orphanage is smooth and easy to travel. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．Enthusiasm from the children. B．Comfort of riding a motorbike. C．Beauty of working in the morning. D．Pleasure of being part of a new culture. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过记录作者前往柬埔寨Samong孤儿院做志愿者的通勤过程，展现沿途的环境、人文细节及内心感受。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city.(我们要去柬埔寨首都郊外的一家孤儿院工作)”和第四段“Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (绿洲) is Samong Farm. By the gates, a group of 10-year-old children are having a marble competition. We’re greeted by the shouts of “Cha, cha (short for ‘teacher’)!” from several other kids gathering round. As we climb out of our vehicle, the sun is already hot and the oasis is as dry as the fields surrounding it. In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samong Orphanage.(终于，我们抵达了目的地：这片绿洲就是萨蒙农场。大门旁，一群10岁左右的孩子正在玩弹珠比赛。几个围过来的孩子大喊着“Cha，cha (‘老师’的简称)！”向我们打招呼。当我们从车上下来时，太阳已经火辣辣的，绿洲和周围的田野一样干燥。在这样的环境下，你可能会以为生活很艰难，但看到Samong孤儿院居民们温暖的笑容，听到他们的笑声，你就不会这么觉得了)”可知，作者此行的终点是Samong孤儿院。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kivi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families.(金边的早高峰既拥挤又混乱。Kivi在卡车、四驱雷克萨斯和无数摩托车之间为我们指引道路，这些摩托车上常常载着全家人)”可知，Kivi在拥挤且混乱的早高峰中驾驶Tuk Tuk，穿梭于卡车、越野车和无数摩托车之间。由此推知，他有高超的驾驶技巧。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据三段“We pass huts on stilts (木桩), skinny cows and farm yards where children jump and scream upon seeing us. (我们经过高跷棚屋、瘦骨嶙峋的奶牛和农场院子，孩子们一看到我们就又跳又叫)”和第四段的句子“We’re greeted by the shouts of ‘Cha, cha (short for ‘teacher’)!’ from several other kids gathering round. (几个围过来的孩子大喊着“Cha，cha (‘老师’的简称)！”向我们打招呼)”可知，孩子们见到陌生人又跳又叫，且主动和陌生人打招呼。由此推知，他们对陌生人很好奇且友好。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据末段的句子“Compared to children in the Western world, they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day.(与西方世界的孩子相比，他们拥有的不多，却在精神的慷慨与对生活的热忱上给予了如此之多)”可知，孤儿院的孩子们虽然物质匮乏，但精神上却非常慷慨和热情，这种对生活的热爱和积极态度给人留下深刻印象。故选A项。 （25-26高一上·河北石家庄·期中）American mountaineer Jim Morrison made history this week when he put on his skis and carefully moved his way down one of Mount Qomolangma’s most dangerous mountain sides. He is the first person to ski the Hornbein Couloir, a high, narrow gully (陡坡) on the mountain’s North Face. The groundbreaking adventure marked the completion of years of planning and training. Morrison had attempted (尝试) to ski the Hornbein Couloir twice before — once in 2023 and again in 2024 — but was unsuccessful. This year, Morrison spent more than six weeks on Mount Qomolangma, getting used to the mountain and waiting for a suitable weather window. There were 11 other mountaineers with him. Around 6 a.m. on October 15, Morrison and his teammates began their climb. They reached the top at 12:45 p.m. After taking a few photos, most of the team began carefully climbing back. Meanwhile, Morrison got ready and started skiing. The trip took him four hours and five minutes. At one point, he reached a point that was completely devoid of snow and ice, so he had to take off his skis and lower himself for about 650 feet. He had a short rest at Camp Three, and then kept going. When Morrison finally reached Camp One, he was in tears. “I’d attempted so much and faced so much danger, but I was alive,” he says. Mountaineers have skied other routes (线路) on Mount Qomolangma, but never the Hornbein Couloir. Since it’s on the mountain’s north side, the Hornbein Couloir is often shaded from the sun. As a result, it remains covered in snow and ice well into the fall. French snowboarder Marco Siffredi attempted the Hornbein Couloir in September 2002. But after he dropped into the gully, he was never seen again. Other attempts have been made since then, but no one was successful until Morrison. 1．What was Jim Morrison’s groundbreaking achievement? A．He skied the Hornbein Couloir twice. B．He spent over six weeks getting to the top. C．He reached the top of Mount Qomolangma. D．He became the first Hornbein Couloir skier. 2．What does the underlined part “devoid of” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Full of. B．Covered by. C．Free from. D．Mixed with. 3．Which can best describe the skiing route of the Hornbein Couloir? A．Most popular. B．Highly challenging. C．Beginner-friendly. D．Sun-bathed. 4．Why does the author mention Marco Siffredi in the last paragraph? A．To prove Marco’s bravery. B．To honor this famous snowboarder. C．To show Morrison’s success was hard-won. D．To introduce the history of mountain skiing. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了美国登山家Jim Morrison成为首位滑下珠穆朗玛峰Hornbein Couloir陡坡的人，完成了这项具有开创性的成就。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“He is the first person to ski the Hornbein Couloir, a high, narrow gully on the mountain’s North Face. (他是首位滑下Hornbein Couloir的人，该峡谷是珠峰北坡一处高耸狭窄的陡坡)”可知，Jim Morrison的开创性成就是成为首位滑下Hornbein Couloir的人。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“so he had to take off his skis and lower himself for about 650 feet (因此他不得不脱掉滑雪板，沿坡面下降约650英尺)”可知，他不得不脱掉滑雪板，说明这个地方没有冰雪，devoid of意思与Free from相近，表示“没有，缺乏”。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“American mountaineer Jim Morrison made history this week when he put on his skis and carefully moved his way down one of Mount Qomolangma’s most dangerous mountain sides. (美国登山运动员Jim Morrison本周创造了历史，他穿上滑雪板，小心翼翼地沿着珠穆朗玛峰最危险的山坡之一下山)”以及第四段的滑行挑战以及多次尝试失败的背景可知，Hornbein Couloir滑雪路线极具挑战性。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“French snowboarder Marco Siffredi attempted the Hornbein Couloir in September 2002. But after he dropped into the gully, he was never seen again. Other attempts have been made since then, but no one was successful until Morrison. (2002年9月，法国单板滑雪运动员Marco Siffredi尝试了Hornbein Couloir高山滑雪。但他掉进沟里后，就再也没人见过他了。自那以后有人多次尝试，但直到莫里森才首次成功)”可知，作者提到Marco Siffredi是为了说明Morrison的成功来之不易。故选C项。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $