2026年河北省中职英语一轮复习情态动词课件

教学课件 对口高考语法复习 之 情态动词 Practice makes perfect. 1 knowledge objectives ability objectives emotional objectives To learn the basic usage of modal verbs. To be able to correctlyuse modal verbs in speaking and writing. To develop a good habit of learning. Learning objectives 情态动词表达 允许… 请求 命令 猜测 意愿 拒绝 常用情 态动词 can/could may/might need／dare must/ have to should ought to had better will/ would shall/ should be able to 情态动词特征： 1. 后接动词原形: 情动+动原 2. 不能单独做谓语,要和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。 3. 无人称和数的变化:I ／you／ he／ she／ it ／we／ they can (have to 有人称和数的变化) 01 情态动词的否定式 shall not--- will not--- can not --- must not --- should not--- would not--- could not--- dare not--- need not--- may not --- might not --- ought not--- won’t shan’t can’t mustn’t shouldn’t wouldn’t couldn’t daren’t needn’t mayn’t mightn’t oughtn’t 一. can/ could/be able to+动词原形 1. Can you play the piano? 2. Lang lang could play the piano well when he was only three years old. 3. Most women here can read and write now. 4. His brother was able to take care of himself when he was ten. 1.表能力、能够(could是过去式） A computer _______ think for itself, it must be told what to do. A. can't B. couldn't C. may not D. might not Can you teach me to play volleyball? Could you teach me to play volleyball? 2. can 表请求.此时can和could没有时间上的差别，即could不表示动作发生在过去，只表示语气更委婉。 语气更委婉 一. can/ could/be able to+动词原形 ---Could I come here again tomorrow? ---Yes, you can. (No, I’m afraid not.) 2. can 表请求.此时can和could没有时间上的差别，即could不表示动作发生在过去，只表示语气更委婉。 肯定回答用can，不用chould 一. can/ could/be able to+动词原形 3. Can (could)表“允许” Can ／Could I go now? You can use my computer. 一. can/ could/be able to+动词原形 Can the news be true? I am sure you can't play it well. It can’t be him. You can’t be hungry so soon, Tom. You’ve just had lunch. Anybody can make mistakes.谁都有可能犯错。 4.表客观可能性或推测。用于否定或疑问句。 Can’t: 用于否定句中，语气非常强 不可能 Can: …?疑问句，可能 ……? can:肯定句 客观可能性，有可能 一. can/ could/be able to+动词原形 --- Is Mr. Smith in his office now? --- No, he _____ there. I saw him in the library a minute ago. A. may be B. can be C. mustn‘t be D. can't be √ Are you able to swim? He is able to afford his family. I was not able to but I am able to now. If he works harder, he’ll be able to pass the next exam. He has not been able to get there before dark. 5.be able to（能）+动词原形。 有人称,数和时态的变化,can只有现在时和过去时，因此在will, have等后要用be able to 一. can/ could/be able to+动词原形 二. may / might --May I have a dance with you? --Yes，you may. (Yes, please.) --No, you mustn’t. --No, you’d better not. 1.表可能性 He may be very busy these days. The story may not be true. We may call on you this evening. 我们也许今天晚上来看你。 The news may or may not be true. 消息也许是真的，也许是假的。 二. may / might --- Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting? --- I am not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He ____ know. A. can B. may C. need D. would may表示推测时语气不十分肯定；might口气委婉。把握更小。 √ 2. 表“可以”， “允许” You may go now. May I borrow your raincoat? --May I take this book out of the reading room? --Yes, you may. --No, you mustn’t. might 是may的过去式 He said that I might use the computer. 二. may / might You _____ borrow my car if you drive carefully. Will be able to B. may C. Have got to D. can not 3.may表祝愿 May you succeed. May you have a pleasant journey! May you enjoy yourself! May you live long! 二. may / might 祝你成功 一路平安 祝你们玩的高兴 祝你长寿 肯定式： I/we/you/they/the students/have to do… She/he/it/Tom/has to do… They/she/it had to do… 否定式： don’t have to/doesn’t have to /didn’t have to… 疑问式：Do/does/did +主语+ have to +动词原形 --Do I have to go with him? --No, you don’t have to/you needn’t. 三、have to ／ must have to ：“必须”“不得不”，强调客观需要，有人称，数和时态的变化。 must ：只有现在时形式，强调主观看法。 说话人主观上必须... I must go now. 客观（外界原因）造成的，必须... 有人称和时态变化。 He have to go now. Someone is waiting for him. 1. Have to 与must 的区别 三、have to ／ must I must learn English language well. （表示主观上想把英语学好的意志。） I have to learn English language well. （客观需要，可能由于工作需要或要去欧美国家深造一段时期等客观原因。） 1. Have to 与must 的区别 三、have to ／ must 2. Must “必须”否定式：mustn’t “不许，一定不要,千万不要” The work must be finished as soon as possible. I must leave at 9:00. You must get to station before three o’clock. You must come earlier tomorrow. You mustn’t park your car here. 三、have to ／ must You must not (mustn‘t) smoke here. You mustn’t take photos here. You mustn’t take pets in. Mustn’t “禁止” 三、have to ／ must 3. Have to “必须，不得不” 有更多的时态形式 I had to leave the party early last night. I wasn’t very well. You don’t have to worry about that. The student will have to know how to use computers. 三、have to ／ must 4. must 开头的问句 否定回答用needn’t 或don’t have to 表“不必”，不可用mustn’t. --Must I come back before 6p.m. --Yes, you must. --No, you needn’t. No, you don’t have to. 三、have to ／ must --Must I come here tomorrow? --No, you_____. mustn’t B. don’t C. needn’t D. can not She bought a house with a garden. It must be expensive. 她买了一套带花园的房子。一定很贵。 --Who is there at the door? --It must be my brother. --It can’t be your brother. It must be Xiao li. 5. must：表推测（十分肯定）“一定…，肯定…” 三、have to ／ must --- It must be John who is in the office. --- I’m sure it _____ be John. I saw him at the bus stop just twenty minutes ago. A. won‘t B. mustn't C. can‘t D. needn't √ 否定推测用can’t 肯定推测用must Shall we talk? 我们谈谈好吗？ We should tell him the truth. 我们应该告诉他真相。 should 表劝告，建议，“应该”与ought to 同义。 After that, you should list your experiences. We should learn how to use computers. You shouldn’t feel unhappy. 四、 shall 表征求意见；should 表应该 Shall we dance? Shall we go for a walk? Where shall I wait for you? What shall I do now? Shall he come tomorrow? 你要他明天来吗？ 1. shall用于一、三人称疑问句。征求对方意见或请求指示。 shall If you do well in your study, you shall get a gift.（允诺） He shall be punished for what he has done.（命令） You shall do it, whether you want to or not.(命令） You shall pay for it. (威胁） 2. 二、三人称：表说话人给对方的许诺、命令、警告、威胁... shall 五. Should 与ought to should= ought to As students, we should study hard. 主观原因 He ought to be punished because he broke the law. 客观原因 (should:主观原因；ought to：客观原因) 1.should 与ought to should较主观,而ought to更为客观，表示一种社会公德方面的义务，强调责任、义务。 As students, we should learn study hard. 作为学生，我们应该努力学习。 As a child, we ought to take good care of our parents. 座位孩子，我们应该照顾好父母。 五. Should 与ought to 2. should 表示一种友好的忠告， 而ought to 却是一种训示或警告。 You should do good to others. 你应该对人行善。 You ought not to smoke. 你不应该吸烟。 五. Should 与ought to 我们应该每天练习说英语。 We _________ practise speaking English every day. 在学校，我们应该值日。 We ___________ be on duty at school. 她不应该违反校规。 She ________________break the school rules. 她不应该花那么多钱买衣服。 She ____________ spend so much money on clothes. should ought to ought not to shouldn’t 五. Should 与ought to Will you dance with me? Will you give him a message when you see him? Will you pass me the butter? Would you like some tea? Would you water the plants while I’m away? Would you tell us something about yourself? 1.will用于第二人称疑问句，表请求或征求意见，would 语气委婉 六、 will／would意愿 25 I will tell you all about it. We will help him if he asks us to. I will do my best. They said that they would help us. I promised that I would do my best. I told Peter that I would go along with him. 2. 表意愿、意志，（would用于过去情况） 六、 will／would意愿 --May I have a dance with you? --Yes, you may. --No, you mustn‘t/can’t/may not. --Can you feel my heart? --Yes, I can. --No, I can't. 七、常用问答语总结 --Must I reply to you right away? --Yes, you must./ No, you needn't./ don't have to. --Need I get you a glass of water? --Yes, you must./ No, you needn't./ don't have to. 七、常用问答语总结 11.The road is wet. It _____ have rained last night. 12.Look at that old woman, she ____ be at least 60 years old. must must Practice 11.The road is wet. It _____ have rained last night. 12.Look at that old woman, she ____ be at least 60 years old. must must Practice --Will you have a talk with me? --Yes, I will. --No, I won't/ can't. -Could I use your phone? Yes, of course you can.(肯定回答不能用could) --Shall I have a talk with you? --Yes, you can. --No, you can't. 七、常用问答语总结 --Who can it be? --- It must be Mr Hu.I know him well. --- It may be Mr Hu, but I am not sure. ---It can’t be Mr Hu, I saw him in the library just now. 表示猜测: must用于肯定猜测， can用于否定疑问猜 may表示不确定猜测 七、常用问答语总结 Practice 1._______ I wait till he comes back? No, you ______. 2.___ you ride a bike? --No, I ____. 3. ______ I go home now? --No, you ______stay here. 4._______ you like to help me? Yes, I _________. Must needn’t Can can’t May must Could can 5.My mother is ill. I ____ stay at home and look after her. 6.____ I use your car? --Yes, you ___. 7._____ I begin our class now? --Yes, please. must May can Shall Practice 8.You _______ return the book now. You ______ keep it till next week. 9.--_____ I leave this door open at night? --No, you ______________ . 10.Who’s that girl over there? --I’m not sure. She ____ be our new classmate. needn’t may May may not/mustn’t may Practice 11.The road is wet. It _____ have rained last night. 12.Look at that old woman, she ____ be at least 60 years old. must must Practice 13. -- Why didn’t Ken come to school today? --I don’t know. He ____ be sick. 14. -- Where’s Tom? --He ____ be on the playground. I saw him there just now. 15.--Where is Ellen? --She ____ be in the hotel. But I am not sure. may must may Practice 16.______she go to the meeting? No, she _____. A. must, shouldn’t B.must, needn’t C. may, couldn’t D. need, can’t 17. --- Joe, you_____ make that mistake again. --- Sorry, I won’t, sir. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. won’t D. might not √ √ Practice Homework： 1. To summarize what we have learned today . 2.To write a mind map. 教学课件 Thank you! Goodbye! 53 $