2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第二册寒假作业第7天(共17天)

Winter Vacation Homework（七） 一、强化基础---词汇拓展[旨在为突破语法填空积累词汇] 形容词→副词 ✾高二英语寒假作业第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．eventual最后的→ 最后 2．accidental偶然的→ 偶然地 3．rough粗略的→ 大约 4．undoubted无疑的→ 毋庸置疑地 5．sharp急剧的→ 急剧地 6．extreme极度的→ 极端地；极度地 7．certain确定的→ 当然 8．gentle平缓的→ 平缓地 9．particular特别的→ 尤其 10．poor不佳的→ 糟糕地 11．final最终的→ 终于，最终 12．huge巨大的→ 极其 13．easy容易的→ 容易地 14．actual真实的→ 事实上 15．recent近来的→ 近来 16．fair相当的→ 相当地 17．true真实的→ 真实地 18．official正式的→ 正式地 19．possible可能的→ 可能地 20．basic 基本的→ 基本上 二、语法小练---单句填空[旨在复习时态的基本用法] 1．The book describes the changes that (occur) in the landscape over the past decade. 2．The unexpected and sudden memory briefly (panic) her. 3．It suddenly (strike) me how we could deal with this complicated situation. 4．From 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. tomorrow, all the employees (attend) the annual conference in the main hall. 5．She realized she (make) a terrible mistake only after she had sent the email. 6．At this time next Friday, we (celebrate) our graduation with all our classmates. 7．By last summer, they (visit) over 20 countries together. 8．When I opened the door, I saw that someone (break) into my house. 9．I was about to leave the house it began to rain heavily. 10．She assured me yesterday that she (help) me with the project, but so far she hasn’t lifted a finger. 11．However, for years, tourism (cause) harm to the environment. 12．The students (have) a chemistry experiment in the lab from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon. 三、综合提升---完形填空[旨在提升学生语言综合运用能力] Scott Bailey can vividly recall the day when he lost his sight. “It happened in an instant,” he says. “I could see big black drops of blood 1 part of my left eye. I shook my head, hoping it would 2 , but that only made the blood spread further.” Seeing this 3 scene, his wife rushed him to the hospital immediately. There he was diagnosed with a serious health issue linked to Type 1 diabetes, which he had since he was 10. “I had been trying to stop the progression of the condition. 4 , by October 2018, I was told I needed eye surgery. But the hospital was too busy to 5 it in, so in February 2019, I experienced bleeding which 6 my blindness,” says Scott. “I do feel some 7 it might not have ended like this if I had had the surgery earlier.” During the first nine months, Scott was 8 to move around by himself in case anything happened. To regain some 9 , he started using a stick, though it did little to ease the sense of disability. 10 finally returned after Scott was paired with Milo, a guide dog. They instantly 11 . “I can remember going for our first walk and it made me feel 12 , ‘just someone walking their dog’.” Milo gave Scott a fresh 13 . Subsequently, he continued studying and earned a master’s degree in psychotherapy. Eager to find a new 14 , Scott even joined a sport club. Now he 15 his life will be exciting in a new way. 1．A．catching B．covering C．pushing D．reflecting 2．A．continue B．collapse C．freeze D．fade 3．A．confusing B．challenging C．frightening D．embarrassing 4．A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Besides 5．A．fit B．take C．put D．call 6．A．added to B．originated from C．made up D．resulted in 7．A．guilt B．regret C．confusion D．sympathy 8．A．tired B．determined C．scared D．ashamed 9．A．reliability B．stability C．affordability D．independence 10．A．Health B．Hope C．Pride D．Success 11．A．puzzled B．changed C．practised D．connected 12．A．normal B．upset C．convenient D．hesitant 13．A．attitude B．impression C．motivation D．responsibility 14．A．passion B．career C．occupation D．ambition 15．A．anticipates B．confirms C．demonstrates D．guarantees 四、综合提升---语法填空[旨在提升学生语言综合运用能力] The use of chopsticks has been a big part of Chinese food culture for 1 (century). When Chinese people cook food or pick it up, a pair of chopsticks always comes for use. So how did chopsticks come into being? It’s said that a leader of ancient China, Dayu, 2 helped his people fight floods, invented them. In those days, people 3 (eat) only with their hands. But Dayu was busy preparing for flood control work and often had his meals in the wild. In the summer 4 particular, he hurried to deal with unexpected accidents and didn’t want to wait to eat. The meat 5 (cook) in the pot was too hot to pick up with his hands. So one day Dayu picked up some twigs (细枝) 6 (help) himself hold the meat. Then the twigs 7 (final) became the chopsticks we know today. But of course, this is just a story. The 8 (early) chopsticks which archaeologists (考古学家) have found so far are more than 3,000 years old, 9 (date) back to the Shang Dynasty. The six bronze chopsticks 10 (find) in Yinxu, one of China’s oldest archaeological places, in Anyang, Henan province. Winter Vacation Homework（七）参考答案 一、强化基础---词汇拓展答案　 1. eventually　 2. accidentally　 3. roughly　 4. undoubtedly　 5. sharply　 6. extremely　 7. certainly　 8．gently　 9. particularly　 10. poorly　 11. finally　 12．hugely　 13. easily　 14. actually　 15. recently　 16．fairly　 17. truly　 18. officially　 19. possibly 20. basically 二、单句填空答案 1．have occurred 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这本书描述了过去十年间景观中发生的变化。根据时间状语over the past decade，可知用现在完成时，主语changes和occur是主动关系，主语是复数形式，故填have occurred。 2．panicked 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：那段突如其来的记忆让她短暂地感到恐慌。句子描述过去发生的短暂事件，且与briefly（短暂地）搭配，说明动作已经结束，因此用一般过去时。panic的过去式是 panicked。故填panicked。 3．struck 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我突然想到了如何应对这个复杂的局面。分析句子结构可知，It strikes sb. + 从句 是固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”；再结合语境可知，本句描述的是过去发生的动作，因此谓语动词用strike的过去式struck。故填struck。 4．will be attending 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天上午9点至11点，全体员工都将前往主会场参加年度会议。“From 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. tomorrow”是将来某时间段动作正在进行，用将来进行时表示那时正在进行的动作。故填will be attending。 5．had made 【详解】考查时态。句意：直到她发出那封电子邮件之后，她才意识到自己犯了一个严重的错误。此处“意识到”是过去动作，“犯错误”发生在意识到之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had made。 6．will be celebrating 【详解】考查时态。句意：下周五的这个时候，我们将和所有同学一起庆祝毕业。“At this time next Friday”表示下周五的这个时候，是将来的某个具体时间点，强调在这个时间点上正在进行的动作，时态要用将来进行时。将来进行时的结构是“will be + 动词的现在分词”，celebrate“庆祝”的现在分词是celebrating，故填will be celebrating。 7．had visited 【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年夏天的时候，他们已经一起游览了超过20个国家了。by last summer是过去时间截止点，动作在此前完成，用过去完成时。故填had visited。 8．had broken 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我打开门时，我发现有人闯进了我的家。opened the door是过去动作，break into这个动作发生在开门之前，所以用过去完成时。故填had broken。 9．when 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正要离开家，这时突然下起了大雨。此处是sb. be about to do sth. when...的固定句型，意为“某人正要做某事，这时突然……”，此空应是when，引导状语从句。故填when。 10．would help 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她昨天还向我保证她会帮我做这个项目，但到目前为止她什么忙都没帮。assured后面为that的宾语从句，缺少谓语动词，结合assured和but she hasn’t lifted a finger可知，表示相对于过去将要发生的动作，此处使用过去将来时。故填would help。 11．has caused/has been causing 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，多年来，旅游业一直在对环境造成危害。此空考查谓语动词，主语“tourism”与“cause”为主动关系，根据时间状语“for years”可知，这里时态可用现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响；也可用现在完成进行时，强调动作一直持续到现在，还可能持续下去；主语tourism为不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has caused或has been causing。 12．were having 【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天下午2点到4点，学生们正在实验室里做化学实验。时间状语“from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon”明确表示过去某一时间段内持续进行的动作，需用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，主语“The students”为复数，be动词用were，have的现在分词为 having。故填\were having。 三、完形填空答案 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Scott因糖尿病并发症失明，深感无助。导盲犬Milo的出现让他重获独立与希望，他重拾生活热情，攻读硕士并参加运动，期待未来的精彩生活。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我能看到大滴的黑血遮住了我的左眼的一部分”A. catching抓住；B. covering覆盖，遮住；C. pushing推；D. reflecting反射。根据上文“I could see big black drops of blood”可知，滴的黑血遮住了作者的左眼的一部分，导致看不见。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我摇了摇头，盼着那片血迹能慢慢褪去，可这么做反倒让血渍蔓延得更广了。A. continue继续；B. collapse倒塌；C. freeze结冰；D. fade消失。根据上文“I shook my head, hoping it would”可知，他摇头是因为希望血影消失，恢复视力。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到这一可怕的场面，他的妻子立刻带他去了医院。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. challenging挑战性的；C. frightening可怕的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据上文“I could see big black drops of blood”可知，黑血遮住了作者的左眼的一部分，所以妻子才会立刻送医。故选C。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，到了2018年10月，我被告知需要做眼部手术。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Besides此外。前文说努力阻止，后文说还是需要手术，存在转折关系，用however。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但医院当时太忙了，无法为我安排手术，所以就在2019年2月，我出现了出血症状，最终导致失明。”斯科特说道。A. fit适合；B. take带走；C. put放置；D. call打电话。根据上文“But the hospital was too busy to”可知，这里指医院排期满了，无法把他的手术安排进去，fit in“安排时间 / 安排进去”。故选A。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“但医院当时太忙了，无法为我安排手术，所以就在2019年2月，我出现了出血症状，最终导致失明。”斯科特说道。A. added to增加；B. originated from起源于；C. made up组成；D. resulted in导致。根据前文“I experienced bleeding”以及后文“my blindness”可知，出血症状最终导致失明。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我确实感到有些遗憾，要是我早点做手术的话，事情或许就不会这样发展了。”A. guilt内疚；B. regret后悔；C. confusion困惑；D. sympathy同情。根据后文“it might not have ended like this if I had had the surgery earlier”可知，对过去没有发生的事情感到惋惜，这是后悔。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在最初的九个月里，斯科特一直不敢独自行动，生怕发生什么意外。A. tired疲惫的；B. determined坚定的；C. scared害怕的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“to move around by himself in case anything happened”可知，刚失明的人通常害怕独自行动，故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了重新获得一些自主权，他开始使用拐杖，但这并不能减轻他所感受到的残疾带来的不适感。A. reliability可靠性；B. stability稳定；C. affordability可购性；D. independence独立。根据后文“he started using a stick, though it did little to ease the sense of disability”可知，他不想依赖别人，想要自己走路，这是追求独立。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在斯科特与导盲犬迈洛配对后，希望终于重新燃起。A. Health健康；B. Hope希望；C. Pride骄傲；D. Success成功。根据后文“I can remember going for our first walk and it made me feel”可知，导盲犬让他生活重回正轨，给了他新的希望。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们立刻就建立了联系。A. puzzled使困惑；B. changed改变；C. practised练习；D. connected联系。根据后文“Milo gave Scott a fresh”可知，人和狗之间建立了默契和情感连接。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我还记得我们第一次出门散步的情景，那让我感觉一切都很正常，就像‘只是人在遛狗’那样。”A. normal正常的；B. upset沮丧的；C. convenient方便的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据后文“just someone walking their dog”可知，像普通人一样，说明感觉恢复了正常。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：米洛给了斯科特新的动力。A. attitude态度；B. impression印象；C. motivation动力；D. responsibility责任。根据后文“Subsequently, he continued studying and earned a master’s degree in psychotherapy.”以及“Scott even joined a sport club”可知，有了狗之后，他继续深造、参加运动，说明是给了他生活的动力。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：渴望寻找新的兴趣爱好，斯科特甚至加入了体育俱乐部。A. passion热情；B. career事业；C. occupation职业；D. ambition抱负。根据后文“Scott even joined a sport club.”以及前面提到了学业（心理治疗硕士），这里加入运动俱乐部是寻找新的爱好或热情所在。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在他期待自己的生活会以一种全新的方式变得充满刺激。A. anticipates期望，预期；B. confirms确认；C. demonstrates表明；D. guarantees保证。根据后文“his life will be exciting in a new way”可知，是对未来的展望，所以是预期/期待。故选A。 四、语法填空答案 1．centuries 2．who 3．ate 4．in 5．cooked 6．to help 7．finally 8．earliest 9．dating 10．were found 【导语】这是一篇说明文。几个世纪以来，使用筷子一直是中国饮食文化的重要组成部分。文章主要介绍了筷子的发明过程，以及迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商朝。 1．考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，使用筷子一直是中国饮食文化的重要组成部分。for centuries“几个世纪”，固定短语作状语。故填centuries。 2．考查定语从句。句意：那么筷子是怎么产生的呢？据说古代中国的一位领袖大禹，在帮助民众抗击洪水的过程中发明了筷子。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Dayu，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who。故填who。 3．考查动词时态。句意：在那些日子里，人们都是用手吃饭的。根据上文In those days可知，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填ate。 4．考查介词。句意：特别是到了夏天，他急着处理突发事件，不想等着吃饭。根据句意表示“特别，尤其”，短语为in particular，作状语。故填in。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：锅里煮的肉太烫了，他没法用手去拿。分析句子结构可知，cook在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语meat构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填cooked。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：于是有一天，大禹捡了些树枝，用来帮助自己固定住肉块。分析句子结构可知help在句中应用非谓语动词形式，本句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to help。 7．考查副词。句意：于是这些细枝最终演变成了我们如今所熟知的筷子。修饰后文动词became应用副词finally，表示“最后”，作状语。故填finally。 8．考查形容词最高级。句意：迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商朝。根据上文定冠词the以及句意表示“最早的”可知，应填形容词最高级earliest作定语，修饰chopsticks。故填earliest。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。date此处用非谓语动词形式作状语，不及物动词，与主语chopsticks是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填dating。 10．考查动词时态语态。句意：在河南省安阳市的殷墟（中国最古老的考古遗址之一）中，发现了六根青铜筷子。find作谓语，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，且find与主语chopsticks是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是复数，故填were found。 ✾高二英语寒假作业第 2 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $