Unit 2 Helping Hands So...that,such...that,need和宾语从句（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材北师大版八年级下册

Unit 2 Helping Hands 核心语法精练（ So...that/such...that/need和宾语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语法填空 9 题型二 阅读理解 11 so...that...  与  such...that...  用法详解 两者均为连词结构，引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，后接从句说明前文造成的结果。 1.  so...that...  结构 基本公式： so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句  当修饰形容词时： 例句：She is so kind that everyone likes her.（她如此善良，以至于所有人都喜欢她。） 当修饰副词时： 例句：He ran so quickly that no one could catch up with him.（他跑得如此快，以至于没人能追上他。） 特殊拓展： 当名词前有  many/much/few/little （表数量多少）修饰时，只能用  so ，不能用  such 。 公式： so + many/much/few/little + 名词 + that 从句  例句1：There are so many people in the hall that we can’t find a seat.（大厅里人太多，我们找不到座位。） 例句2：I have so little time that I can’t finish the work today.（我的时间太少，今天完不成工作。） 注意： little  表“数量少”时用  so ；表“体积小”时用  such ，如：It is such a little box that it can’t hold the book. 2.  such...that...  结构 基本公式： such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + that 从句  修饰可数名词单数时，必须加  a/an ： 例句：It is such an interesting story that all students want to hear it again.（这是个如此有趣的故事，所有学生都想再听一遍。） 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词时，不加  a/an ： 例句1：They are such beautiful flowers that we want to take photos with them.（这些花如此漂亮，我们想和它们合影。） 例句2：It was such terrible weather that we had to cancel the picnic.（天气如此糟糕，我们不得不取消野餐。）  so...that...  和  such...that...  可针对同一句意进行转换，核心是调整形容词和名词的位置。 例句：她是个如此聪明的女孩，以至于能解决这个难题。  such  结构：She is such a clever girl that she can solve the difficult problem.  so  结构：She is so clever a girl that she can solve the difficult problem. 注意： so + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数  是固定转换结构，仅适用于可数名词单数。 宾语从句 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句三大考点：时态、语序、引导词 时态 如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情 况而定。例如： 当主句的谓语动词是 wish, expect 等表示 “希望、期望” 的动词时，宾语从句的时态要与主句的时态在逻辑上保持一致，且常用虚拟语气来表达不太可能实现的愿望等。 I wish that he would come tomorrow. I wish that I were a bird. 如果主句为一般过去时，从句一般要用过去某种时态。 She told me that she would join the club. 如果宾从是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 语序 宾语从句总是用陈述句语序，即从句的引导 词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序；当引导词 作主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。 I wonder if he is a driver. Do you know what his name is? I don’t know who saved the girl. 当宾语从句对应特殊疑问句，且疑问词在从句中作定语（修饰名词）时，需保留 “疑问词 + 名词” 的整体结构，不可拆分，从句仍用陈述句语序。 She asked me whose book this was. I wonder which city he will visit next. 引导词 当从句为陈述句时，用that 引导(口语中可省） I know (that) she is a boss. 当从句为并列句时，第二个及以后的宾语从句的引导词 that 不能省略 He said (that) he liked English and that he would learn it well. 当从句作介词的宾语时，引导词 that 不能省略 I'm thinking that he is right. 当从句为一般疑问句时，用 whether/if 引导 I wonder if she is a boss. 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词 由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。 特殊疑问句 做宾语从句时，从句都用“引导词+陈述句语 序 ”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。 Could you please tell me where you are from? He wants to know what he is. 注意 1. 当 宾 语 从 句 表 否 定 意 义 时 ， 如 果 主 句 主 语 为 第 一 人 称 ， 谓 语 动 词 为think, believe, guess, suppose 等词时，通常将否定转移至主句的谓语动词之前。 如：I don’t believe he will come.我相信他不会来了。 2. 含有宾语从句的复合句在一定条件下可以转化为简单句。 如：I don’t know how I should do it next. I don’t know how to do it next. 3. 在 “it” 作形式宾语的结构中，宾语从句常后置，常用结构为 “主语 + 谓语 + it + 形容词 / 名词 + 宾语从句”。例如：I find it important that we should learn English well.（我发现我们学好英语是重要的）。 need 1. 实义动词（最常用，可用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句） 后接 to do 不定式，构成  need to do sth.  结构，意为“需要做某事”，有人称和数的变化。 肯定句：She needs to finish her homework before dinner.（她需要晚饭前完成作业。） 否定句：He doesn’t need to take the bus; his home is nearby.（他不需要坐公交，家就在附近。） 疑问句：Do you need to bring your ID card tomorrow?（你明天需要带身份证吗？） 2. 情态动词（较少用，多用于否定句、疑问句，不用于肯定句） 后接 动词原形，无第三人称单数变化，否定形式为  needn’t ，意为“没必要”。 否定句：You needn’t wait for me; I can find the way myself.（你没必要等我，我自己能找到路。） 疑问句：Need we hand in the papers today?（我们今天需要交卷吗？） > 注意：情态动词  need  的肯定回答用  must ，否定回答用  needn’t 。 > 例：— Need I clean the room now? — Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. 一、单项选择 1．The storm was ________ strong ________ we could see fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish everywhere. A．too; to B．so; enough C．so; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这场暴风雨如此猛烈，以至于我们能看到到处都是倒下的树木、破碎的窗户和垃圾。 考查结果状语从句。 too; to太……而不能，后接动词原形；so; enough表述错误，无此搭配；so; that如此……以至于，后接从句。根据后文“we could see fallen trees…everywhere”是完整的句子，符合“so…that”引导结果状语从句的结构。故选C。 2．The box is ________ heavy that I can’t carry it. A．such B．too C．very D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意： 这盒子是如此重以至于我搬不动它。 考查so...that...结构。such如此，用于修饰名词；too太；very非常；so如此，用于修饰形容词/副词。根据句子结构，空格后接形容词heavy，且后面为that引导的结果从句，需用so修饰形容词形成固定搭配so...that...，表示“如此……以至于……”。故选D。 3．There are ________ many students in the hall ________ I can’t find an empty seat. A．too; to B．as; as C．such; that D．so; that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大厅里有如此多的学生以至于我找不到一个空座位。 考查短语辨析。too...to太……而不能……；as...as和……一样；such...that如此……以至于……，such后接名词；so...that如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词。根据“There are...many students in the hall...I can’t find an empty seat.”可知，此处表达的是大厅里学生太多以至于找不到空座位，many是形容词，所以用so...that...结构。故选D。 4．This movie is ________ moving that many people can’t help crying while watching it. A．so B．such C．too D．very 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这部电影如此感人，以至于许多人在观看时都忍不住哭了。 考查so...that...结构。so如此；such这样的；too太；very非常。根据句子结构，moving是形容词，根据“that many people can’t help crying”可知，此处需用so直接修饰形容词，后接that从句表示结果；such后需接名词（如such a moving movie）。故选A。 5．He is ________ friendly boy ________ everybody likes him. A．such; as B．so; that C．such a; that D．so a; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是一个如此友好的男孩，以至于大家都喜欢他。 考查结果状语从句。根据“He is...friendly boy...everybody likes him.”可知，此处是结果状语从句，表示他是一个如此友好的男孩，以至于大家都喜欢他。中心词boy是可数名词单数，且被形容词friendly修饰，故此处为“such+a/an+形容词+名词+that从句”。故选C。 6．He reads ______ few books that he can’t tell stories to ______ little children. A．so; such B．such; such C．so; so D．such; so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他读的书如此少，以至于他不能给这么小的孩子讲故事。 考查so和such的用法区别。在结果状语从句中，so用于修饰形容词或副词，such用于修饰名词或名词短语。第一个空后“few”是形容词，表示“少的”，因此用so修饰；第二个空后“little children”是名词短语，其中“little”表示“小的”，因此用such修饰。故选A。 7．He is ________ an outgoing boy that he has ________ many friends. A．so; so B．such; so C．such; such D．so; such 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他是一个如此外向的男孩，以至于他有很多朋友。 考查“such...that”和副词的用法。第一个空后是名词短语“an outgoing boy”，需用“such”修饰；第二个空后是“many”，需用“so”修饰形容词“many”，表示“如此多”。故选B。 8．—Mom, I want to watch the film Dead To Rights (南京照相馆) tonight. —OK. I’ll drive you there and you ________ walk. But you ________ do your homework first. A．don’t need; need to B．needn’t; needn’t C．needn’t; need to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我今晚想看电影《南京照相馆》。——好的，我会开车送你去，你不需要走路。但你必须先做作业。 考查need作为情态动词和实义动词的用法。第一空：表示“不必走路”，因为妈妈开车送，所以不需要步行，needn’t是情态动词，其后用动词原形， don’t need中need是实义动词，其后应用动词不定式，所以A项错误；第二空：根据“But”可知，这里表示但你必须先做作业，need to do sth.“需要做某事”。故选C。 9．Tom _________ to go far if he _________ some help. Our house is next to his. A．doesn’t need; need B．needn’t; needs C．doesn’t need; needs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果汤姆需要一些帮助，他不需要走远。我们的房子就在他家旁边。 考查need的用法辨析。第一个空后接to go far，需用实义动词形式，Tom是第三人称单数，因此否定式为“doesn't need”；第二个空he是第三人称单数，且some help为名词，需用实义动词needs。故选C。 10．—Mom, do I ________ take the medicine? —No, you ________ take it. Just drink some water and have a good rest. A．need: need to B．need to; don’t need C．need; needn’t D．need to; needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我需要吃药吗？——不，你不需要吃药。只需喝点水，好好休息。 考查情态动词用法。在疑问句中，“do I”后需用实义动词“need to”表示“需要”；在否定回答中，可用情态动词“needn’t”表示“不需要”。故选D。 11．—________ you ________ a rest? —No, I needn’t. I don’t feel tired. A．Do; need to have B．Need; to have C．Need; have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你需要休息吗？——不，我不需要。我不觉得累。 考查情态动词need的用法。根据答句“No, I needn’t.”可知，此处need为情态动词，need作为情态动词用于疑问句时，结构为“Need + 主语 + 动词原形”，故选C。 12．—Mom, I’m going to the library this afternoon. —OK. You ________ take an umbrella. The radio says it will rain in the afternoon. A．need not B．need to C．don’t need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我今天下午要去图书馆。——好的。你需要带把伞。收音机说下午会下雨。 考查need的用法。need not不必；need to需要；don’t need不需要。need作为实义动词时，用need to do sth表示“需要做某事”；根据“The radio says it will rain in the afternoon”可知，因为可能会下雨，所以需要带伞。故选B。 13．—Could you tell me ________? —Because it helps me keep healthy and strong. A．why you play basketball every weekend B．where you play basketball every weekend C．who you play basketball with every weekend 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你为什么每个周末都打篮球吗？——因为它有助于我保持健康和强壮。 考查宾语从句。根据答句“Because it helps me keep healthy and strong.”可知，问句是在询问原因，所以应该用why引导宾语从句。故选A。 14．The success of the Changchun Air Show makes us believe ______. A．that our country will be stronger B．that will our country be strong C．if our country is strong enough D．why our country is so strong 【答案】A 【详解】句意：长春航展的成功使我们相信我们的国家会更强大。 考查宾语从句的用法。believe后接宾语从句时，需用引导词that引出陈述性内容，且从句必须用陈述语序。选项A中that引导从句，语序正确（our country will be stronger），符合句意；选项B语序错误（will our country be strong为疑问语序）；选项C的if表示“是否”，但句意表达信念而非条件；选项D的why表示原因，与句意“相信未来状态”不符。故选A。 15．—Could you tell me ________ you spent New Year’s Day this year, Peter? —We had a family get-together and went to an amusement park. A．what B．when C．how D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 彼得，你能告诉我今年你是怎么过元旦的吗？—— 我们举办了家庭聚会，还去了游乐园。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。what询问“事物”；when询问“时间”；how询问“方式、方法”；where询问“地点”。根据答句“had a family get-together and went to an amusement park”（举办家庭聚会、去游乐园）可知，此处是询问过元旦的“方式”，“how”符合语境。故选C。 16．—The speech contest needs a presenter (主持人). —Do you know ________ will be the presenter? A．who B．what C．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这次演讲比赛需要一位主持人。 ——你知道谁将成为主持人吗？ 考查宾语从句引导词。who谁；what什么；which哪一个。根据“Do you know…will be the presenter?”可知，此处询问的是谁将担任主持人，故用who引导宾语从句。故选A。 17．The teacher told us that the earth ________ around the sun. A．move B．moves C．moved D．will move 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 考查宾语从句的时态。move移动，一般现在时；moves移动，一般现在时的第三人称单数；moved移动，一般过去时；will move将移动，一般将来时。根据“The teacher told us that the earth...around the sun.”可知，主句谓语“told”是过去时，宾语从句内容是“the earth moves around the sun”这一客观真理，应用“宾语从句描述客观真理时，从句时态不受主句过去时影响，使用一般现在时”的规则。从句主语“the earth”是第三人称单数，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 18．—Do you know ________ the first camera was invented? —Yes, it was invented in the 19th century. A．when B．where C．how D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道第一部相机是什么时候发明的吗？——知道，它是在19世纪被发明的。 考查宾语从句的引导词。when什么时候；where哪里；how如何；why为什么。根据答语“Yes, it was invented in the 19th century.”可知，问句应询问时间，when符合。故选A。 19．—Tim, do you know ________ the school talent show starts? —At 3 p.m. this Friday. A．when B．how C．why D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——蒂姆，你知道学校才艺表演什么时候开始吗？——这周五下午3点。 考查疑问词辨析。when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；where在哪里。根据答语“At 3 p.m. this Friday.”可知，此处是在询问学校才艺表演开始的时间，所以应该用when。故选A。 20．—Could you please tell me ________ the nearest bank is? —Sure, it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall. A．what B．how C．where D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗？——当然，它在购物中心的二楼。 考查宾语从句的引导词。what什么；how如何；where在哪里；when何时。根据“Could you please tell me...the nearest bank is?”可知，空格处缺少宾语从句的引导词；结合答句“it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall”可知，询问的是地点信息，因此引导词应使用表示地点的“where”。故选C。 二、完成句子 21．这份工作如此困难以至于很少人愿意去尝试。 It is work that few people would like to have a try. 【答案】 such difficult 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“如此困难的”，对应的英文句型是“such+形容词+不可数名词+that”表示“如此……以至于……”。句中work是不可数名词，“困难的”对应形容词difficult，故填such；difficult。 22．Mario was such a shy boy that he was afraid to speak in front of his class.(改为同义句) Mario was shy speak in front of his class. 【答案】 too to 【详解】句意：马里奥是一个如此害羞的男孩，以至于他不敢在全班同学面前讲话。根据原句中的“such...that...”（如此……以至于……）结构，可将其转换为“too...to...”（太……而不能……）结构，两者都用于表达某种程度导致的结果，且语义相近。故填too；to。 23．The problem was too hard for the students to work out. (改为同义句) The problem was hard that the students work it out. 【答案】 so couldn’t 【详解】句意：这道题太难了，学生们解不出来。原句中“too...to...”结构表示“太……而不能……”，可转换为 “so...that... + 否定从句”，意为“如此……以至于……不能……”。因此第一空为so；第二空，原句隐含“不能解出”，且为过去时，因此用couldn’t（只有一个空，所以不用could not）。故填so；couldn’t。 24．乡村风光太美了，所以他决定再多待一星期。 The rural scenery was he decided to stay one more week. 【答案】 so beautiful that 【详解】此句中的“太……所以……”对应“so+形容词+that从句“结构，这个结构用来引导结果状语从句，形容词beautiful意为“美丽的”。故填so；beautiful；that。 25．康康今天不必做这项工作。他可以明天再交上来。 Kangkang the work today. He can hand it in tomorrow. 【答案】 needn’t do 【详解】结合中英文对照可知，空白处表示“不必做”，不必“needn’t”，情态动词，后跟动词原形；做“do”，动词。故填needn’t；do。 26．你不必熬夜完成这份作业，记得明天交就行。 You doing this homework, you can in tomorrow. 【答案】 needn’t stay up hand it 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，第一空表示“不必熬夜”，“不必”用needn’t，“熬夜”是stay up，情态动词needn’t后接动词原形；第二空表示“交它”，“交”用hand in，情态动词can后跟动词原形，“它”指代作业用it，hand后接宾语it，故填needn’t stay up；hand it。 27．那么，唱你想唱的，在你想唱的地方。 So, you want wherever you want. 【答案】 sing what 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“唱你想唱的”。sing what you want“唱你想唱的”，是一个祈使句结构，what引导宾语从句作sing的宾语。故填sing；what。 28．“Does Mike speak English well?” Mr. Brown asked us.（改为宾语从句） Mr. Brown asked us Mike English well. 【答案】 if/whether spoke 【详解】句意：“迈克英语说得好吗？”布朗老师问我们。原句是直接引语的一般疑问句，在改为宾语从句时，需要添加一个引导词来连接主句和从句。因为原句是一般疑问句，所以引导词应使用if或whether。主句时态是一般过去时，所以从句也用一般过去时，从句谓语动词speak改为spoke。故填if/whether；spoke。 29．我认为真正的问题存在于我们如何使用网络。 I think the real problem lies in use the internet. 【答案】 how we 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“我们如何”。“如何”对应英文“how”，引导宾语从句；“我们”对应英文“we”，在宾语从句中作主语。此处“how we use the internet”是宾语从句，作介词“in”的宾语，符合“问题存在于我们如何使用网络”的语义。故填how；we。 30．史密斯老师问学生们他们的梦想是什么。 Miss Smith asked the students . 【答案】 what their dreams were 【详解】分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，由what“什么”引导宾语从句，应用陈述语序；“梦想”对应的单词是dream，此处表示“学生的梦想”，应用复数形式；“他们的”对应的单词是their。主句谓语动词是asked，从句时态也应用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填what；their；dreams；were。 题型一 语法填空 根据短文内容或汉语提示写出单词或用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 Volunteering is a meaningful activity. Last weekend, my classmates and I decided 1 (volunteer) at an old people’s home. We 2 (meet) at the school gate at 8:30 a.m. and went there by bus. When we 3 (arrive), the old people were waiting for us at the gate. We greeted them warmly. Some of 4 (we) cleaned their rooms, some washed the clothes, and others sang songs for them. An old grandpa told us many 5 (interest) stories about his life. We listened carefully and asked him some questions. At noon, we had lunch 6 the old people. The food was simple but delicious. After lunch, we played games with them. They looked very 7 (happily). Before we left, we took some 8 (photo) together. This volunteer activity made me 9 (understand) the importance of caring for the elderly. I decided to do 10 (many) volunteer work in the future. 【答案】 1．to volunteer 2．met 3．arrived 4．us 5．interesting 6．with 7．happy 8．photos 9．understand 10．more 【导语】本文讲述作者和同学上周末去养老院做志愿活动的经历，包括帮忙做事、聊天，活动让作者懂得关爱老人的重要性。 1．句意：上周末，我和我的同学们决定去一家养老院做志愿者。decide后接动词不定式作宾语，即decide to do sth“决定做某事”。故填to volunteer。 2．句意：我们早上八点半在学校门口集合，然后乘公交车去那里。根据“last weekend”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，meet的过去式为met。故填met。 3．句意：当我们到达的时候，老人们正在门口等我们。根据后文的“were waiting”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，arrive的过去式为arrived。故填arrived。 4．句意：我们中的一些人打扫了他们的房间，一些人洗了衣服，还有一些人为他们唱歌。of是介词，后接人称代词宾格，we的宾格为us。故填us。 5．句意：一位老爷爷给我们讲了许多关于他生活的有趣故事。此处修饰名词stories，应用形容词，interest的形容词形式interesting表示“有趣的”，用来修饰事物。故填interesting。 6．句意：中午，我们和老人们一起吃了午饭。根据“we had lunch...the old people”可知，此处指和老人们一起吃了午饭，表示“和……一起”，应用介词with。故填with。 7．句意：他们看起来非常开心。look是系动词，后接形容词作表语，happily的形容词形式为happy。故填happy。 8．句意：在我们离开之前，我们一起拍了一些照片。some后接可数名词复数，photo的复数形式为photos。故填photos。 9．句意：这次志愿活动让我明白了关爱老人的重要性。make后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，即make sb do sth“使某人做某事”。故填understand。 10．句意：我决定在未来做更多的志愿工作。根据“I decided to do...volunteer work in the future.”可知，此处指未来做更多的志愿工作，表示“更多的”，many的比较级为more。故填more。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Last Saturday, our class organized an environmental (自然环境的) protection activity in the community. It was one of the most meaningful 1 (thing) we did this term. Many students joined in, and nobody expected how much fun it would be! We 2 (collect) rubbish in the park in the morning. Our teacher told us that if we worked together, we could make the park cleaner. Every student brought both gloves 3 bags—everyone tried their best. The task was much 4 (easy) than we thought because of teamwork. In the afternoon, we gave speeches to tell people 5 protecting animals. We wanted 6 (encourage) more people to care for nature. A little girl shared her story of saving a hurt bird, and her kindness 7 (total) touched our hearts. Of all the stories, I think hers was 8 (emotional) one. How meaningful the activity was! Everyone felt proud (自豪的) of what we had done. Small actions can have 9 great influence on our planet! We will hold a tree planting activity next month. I usually water the flowers at home 10 (one) a week, but now I decide to do it more often to practise my “green hands” for the coming activity. 【答案】 1．things 2．collected 3．and 4．easier 5．about 6．to encourage 7．totally 8．the most emotional 9．a 10．once 【导语】本文主要讲述了上周六班级组织的社区环保活动，包括上午在公园捡垃圾，下午进行保护动物演讲并分享救鸟故事，最后提到下个月的植树活动及个人决心。 1．句意：这是本学期我们做过的最有意义的事情之一。“one of the+形容词最高级”后需接可数名词复数形式，表示“最……的之一”，thing的复数形式为things。故填things。 2．句意：上午我们在公园里捡垃圾。根据上下文时间状语“Last Saturday”和“in the morning”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，collect的过去式为collected。故填collected。 3．句意：每个学生都带了手套和袋子——每个人都尽了最大努力。此处连接两个并列名词“gloves”和“bags”，表示“两者都”，应用并列连词and。故填and。 4．句意：由于团队合作，这项任务比我们想象的要容易得多。由“than”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，且前面有“much”修饰比较级。easy的比较级为easier。故填easier。 5．句意：下午，我们发表演讲告诉人们关于保护动物的事情。“tell sb. about sth.”为固定搭配，意为“告诉某人关于某事”。故填about。 6．句意：我们想鼓励更多的人关心大自然。“want to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“想要做某事”，所以此处用encourage的不定式形式。故填to encourage。 7．句意：一个小女孩分享了她拯救一只受伤小鸟的故事，她的善良完全触动了我们的心。此处修饰动词“touched”需用副词，total的副词为totally。故填totally。 8．句意：在所有故事中，我认为她的故事是最令人感动的一个。由“Of all the stories”可知，此处是在多个故事中进行比较，应用最高级。“emotional”为多音节形容词，变最高级时在前面加the most。故填the most emotional。 9．句意：小小的行动能对我们的星球产生巨大的影响！“influence”在此为可数名词，此处缺少冠词，“have a great influence on”为固定短语，意为“对……产生巨大影响”。故填a。 10．句意：我通常每周在家浇一次花，但现在我决定更频繁地这样做，为即将到来的活动练习我的“新手”。此处表示频率“一周一次”，应用one的副词形式once。故填once。 题型二 阅读理解 15-year-old Shang Zhipeng has health problems and goes to a special school in Xiangyang, Hubei Province. Every morning at 7 am, Shang and his mum wait for Bus 73 at its starting station. With the help of the bus driver Mei Meng, the boy gets on the bus. He sits near Mei so that he can keep an eye on him. When the bus arrives at a stop near Shang’s school, Mei helps him get off and meet up with his teachers. It all started in 2022. Back then, Mei heard about Shang’s story. To get the boy to and from school during the day, Shang’s mum had to work at night. They had to walk 2 kilometers after the bus ride. Mei and other drivers decided to help. Shang’s mum is grateful (充满感激). Now she has a daytime job near home. “Life has become much easier,” she says. This year, the bus company added 4 kilometers to their route (路线) and made a new stop just for Shang. “As long as we can let the child get to school safely, it’s worthwhile (值得的),” says the bus company. This is Xiangyang’s first “kindness bus stop”. It shows a city’s care for people in need. 1．What does the underlined words “keep an eye on” mean in paragraph 1? A．Look after B．Look for C．Make up with D．Listen to 2．When did the bus drivers start helping the boy? A．Two years ago. B．Three years ago. C．Four years ago. D．Five years ago. 3．What did the company do for the boy this year? A．It sent the boy to school for free. B．It gave money to the boy’s family. C．It helped the boy’s mother find a job. D．It made the bus route longer for him. 4．What can be the best title (题目) for this text ? A．A great bus company. B．The bus stop built for one. C．The story of a smart boy. D．A boy’s hard journey to school. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了湖北襄阳公交司机梅萌及公交公司帮助患病学生尚志鹏安全上下学的故事，展现了城市对困难群体的关怀。 1．词句猜测题。根据“the boy gets on the bus. He sits near Mei so that he can keep an eye on him”可知，梅萌让男孩坐在身边是为了照看他。“keep an eye on”意为“照看”，与“Look after”意思相近。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“It all started in 2022”及当前时间2026年可知，2022年至今是4年前。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“This year, the bus company added 4 kilometers to their route and made a new stop just for Shang”可知，公交公司为男孩延长了公交路线。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕为尚志鹏专门增设的“善意公交站”展开，体现了对个体的关怀，“The bus stop built for one”最能概括主旨。故选B。 A group of students from No.5 Middle School in Henan went on a volunteer trip to a village school last month. The village school is in a remote area. Many students there live with their grandparents because their parents work in big cities. When the volunteers arrived, they were warmly welcomed by the village students. The volunteers brought many books, pens and schoolbags for them. In the morning, they helped the village students with their lessons. Some taught English, some helped with math, and others shared interesting stories. In the afternoon, they played games together. The volunteers taught the village students to play football and sing English songs. The village students showed the volunteers around their village and introduced local customs. During the trip, the volunteers learned a lot. They realized how lucky they were to have good study conditions. They also understood the importance of helping others. One volunteer said, “This trip is very meaningful. I will never forget it. I want to come back again next year.” The village students were very happy too. They said, “We are grateful for the volunteers’ help. We learned a lot from them and felt warm. We hope they can visit us again.” This volunteer trip not only helped the village students but also made the volunteers grow. It taught them to cherish what they have and to care about others. Such activities are meaningful and should be encouraged. 1．Why do many village students live with their grandparents? A．Because their parents work in big cities. B．Because their grandparents are rich. C．Because their parents are ill. D．Because their grandparents need care. 2．What did the volunteers bring for the village students? A．Food and clothes. B．Books, pens and schoolbags. C．Toys and flowers. D．Computers and phones. 3．What did the volunteers NOT do in the morning? A．Teach English. B．Help with math. C．Play football. D．Share interesting stories. 4．What did the village students show the volunteers? A．Their homework. B．Their favorite books. C．Their village and local customs. D．Their family photos. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A volunteer trip to a village school. B．The life of village students. C．How to help village students. D．The importance of education. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了河南省第五中学的一群学生上月前往一所偏远乡村学校进行志愿者服务的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many students there live with their grandparents because their parents work in big cities.”可知，许多乡村学生和祖父母同住的原因是他们的父母在大城市工作。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The volunteers brought many books, pens and schoolbags for them.”可知，志愿者们为乡村学生带来的物品是书籍、钢笔和书包。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Some taught English, some helped with math, and others shared interesting stories. In the afternoon, they played games together. The volunteers taught the village students to play football and sing English songs.”可知，志愿者们上午的活动包括教英语、辅导数学和分享有趣的故事。下午的活动是踢足球和唱英语歌。因此，上午没有进行的活动是“踢足球”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The village students showed the volunteers around their village and introduced local customs.”可知，乡村学生向志愿者们展示了他们的村庄和当地风俗。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，整篇文章围绕“中学生前往乡村学校进行的志愿者旅行”这一核心事件展开，详细叙述了旅行的过程、活动内容以及双方参与者的感受和收获。因此，文章的主旨大意是关于一次前往乡村学校的志愿者旅行。故选A。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Helping Hands 核心语法精练（ So...that/such...that/need和宾语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语法填空 9 题型二 阅读理解 11 so...that...  与  such...that...  用法详解 两者均为连词结构，引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，后接从句说明前文造成的结果。 1.  so...that...  结构 基本公式： so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句  当修饰形容词时： 例句：She is so kind that everyone likes her.（她如此善良，以至于所有人都喜欢她。） 当修饰副词时： 例句：He ran so quickly that no one could catch up with him.（他跑得如此快，以至于没人能追上他。） 特殊拓展： 当名词前有  many/much/few/little （表数量多少）修饰时，只能用  so ，不能用  such 。 公式： so + many/much/few/little + 名词 + that 从句  例句1：There are so many people in the hall that we can’t find a seat.（大厅里人太多，我们找不到座位。） 例句2：I have so little time that I can’t finish the work today.（我的时间太少，今天完不成工作。） 注意： little  表“数量少”时用  so ；表“体积小”时用  such ，如：It is such a little box that it can’t hold the book. 2.  such...that...  结构 基本公式： such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + that 从句  修饰可数名词单数时，必须加  a/an ： 例句：It is such an interesting story that all students want to hear it again.（这是个如此有趣的故事，所有学生都想再听一遍。） 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词时，不加  a/an ： 例句1：They are such beautiful flowers that we want to take photos with them.（这些花如此漂亮，我们想和它们合影。） 例句2：It was such terrible weather that we had to cancel the picnic.（天气如此糟糕，我们不得不取消野餐。）  so...that...  和  such...that...  可针对同一句意进行转换，核心是调整形容词和名词的位置。 例句：她是个如此聪明的女孩，以至于能解决这个难题。  such  结构：She is such a clever girl that she can solve the difficult problem.  so  结构：She is so clever a girl that she can solve the difficult problem. 注意： so + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数  是固定转换结构，仅适用于可数名词单数。 宾语从句 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句三大考点：时态、语序、引导词 时态 如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情 况而定。例如： 当主句的谓语动词是 wish, expect 等表示 “希望、期望” 的动词时，宾语从句的时态要与主句的时态在逻辑上保持一致，且常用虚拟语气来表达不太可能实现的愿望等。 I wish that he would come tomorrow. I wish that I were a bird. 如果主句为一般过去时，从句一般要用过去某种时态。 She told me that she would join the club. 如果宾从是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 语序 宾语从句总是用陈述句语序，即从句的引导 词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序；当引导词 作主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。 I wonder if he is a driver. Do you know what his name is? I don’t know who saved the girl. 当宾语从句对应特殊疑问句，且疑问词在从句中作定语（修饰名词）时，需保留 “疑问词 + 名词” 的整体结构，不可拆分，从句仍用陈述句语序。 She asked me whose book this was. I wonder which city he will visit next. 引导词 当从句为陈述句时，用that 引导(口语中可省） I know (that) she is a boss. 当从句为并列句时，第二个及以后的宾语从句的引导词 that 不能省略 He said (that) he liked English and that he would learn it well. 当从句作介词的宾语时，引导词 that 不能省略 I'm thinking that he is right. 当从句为一般疑问句时，用 whether/if 引导 I wonder if she is a boss. 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词 由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。 特殊疑问句 做宾语从句时，从句都用“引导词+陈述句语 序 ”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。 Could you please tell me where you are from? He wants to know what he is. 注意 1. 当 宾 语 从 句 表 否 定 意 义 时 ， 如 果 主 句 主 语 为 第 一 人 称 ， 谓 语 动 词 为think, believe, guess, suppose 等词时，通常将否定转移至主句的谓语动词之前。 如：I don’t believe he will come.我相信他不会来了。 2. 含有宾语从句的复合句在一定条件下可以转化为简单句。 如：I don’t know how I should do it next. I don’t know how to do it next. 3. 在 “it” 作形式宾语的结构中，宾语从句常后置，常用结构为 “主语 + 谓语 + it + 形容词 / 名词 + 宾语从句”。例如：I find it important that we should learn English well.（我发现我们学好英语是重要的）。 need 1. 实义动词（最常用，可用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句） 后接 to do 不定式，构成  need to do sth.  结构，意为“需要做某事”，有人称和数的变化。 肯定句：She needs to finish her homework before dinner.（她需要晚饭前完成作业。） 否定句：He doesn’t need to take the bus; his home is nearby.（他不需要坐公交，家就在附近。） 疑问句：Do you need to bring your ID card tomorrow?（你明天需要带身份证吗？） 2. 情态动词（较少用，多用于否定句、疑问句，不用于肯定句） 后接 动词原形，无第三人称单数变化，否定形式为  needn’t ，意为“没必要”。 否定句：You needn’t wait for me; I can find the way myself.（你没必要等我，我自己能找到路。） 疑问句：Need we hand in the papers today?（我们今天需要交卷吗？） > 注意：情态动词  need  的肯定回答用  must ，否定回答用  needn’t 。 > 例：— Need I clean the room now? — Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. 一、单项选择 1．The storm was ________ strong ________ we could see fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish everywhere. A．too; to B．so; enough C．so; that 2．The box is ________ heavy that I can’t carry it. A．such B．too C．very D．so 3．There are ________ many students in the hall ________ I can’t find an empty seat. A．too; to B．as; as C．such; that D．so; that 4．This movie is ________ moving that many people can’t help crying while watching it. A．so B．such C．too D．very 5．He is ________ friendly boy ________ everybody likes him. A．such; as B．so; that C．such a; that D．so a; that 6．He reads ______ few books that he can’t tell stories to ______ little children. A．so; such B．such; such C．so; so D．such; so 7．He is ________ an outgoing boy that he has ________ many friends. A．so; so B．such; so C．such; such D．so; such 8．—Mom, I want to watch the film Dead To Rights (南京照相馆) tonight. —OK. I’ll drive you there and you ________ walk. But you ________ do your homework first. A．don’t need; need to B．needn’t; needn’t C．needn’t; need to 9．Tom _________ to go far if he _________ some help. Our house is next to his. A．doesn’t need; need B．needn’t; needs C．doesn’t need; needs 10．—Mom, do I ________ take the medicine? —No, you ________ take it. Just drink some water and have a good rest. A．need: need to B．need to; don’t need C．need; needn’t D．need to; needn’t 11．—________ you ________ a rest? —No, I needn’t. I don’t feel tired. A．Do; need to have B．Need; to have C．Need; have 12．—Mom, I’m going to the library this afternoon. —OK. You ________ take an umbrella. The radio says it will rain in the afternoon. A．need not B．need to C．don’t need 13．—Could you tell me ________? —Because it helps me keep healthy and strong. A．why you play basketball every weekend B．where you play basketball every weekend C．who you play basketball with every weekend 14．The success of the Changchun Air Show makes us believe ______. A．that our country will be stronger B．that will our country be strong C．if our country is strong enough D．why our country is so strong 15．—Could you tell me ________ you spent New Year’s Day this year, Peter? —We had a family get-together and went to an amusement park. A．what B．when C．how D．where 16．—The speech contest needs a presenter (主持人). —Do you know ________ will be the presenter? A．who B．what C．which 17．The teacher told us that the earth ________ around the sun. A．move B．moves C．moved D．will move 18．—Do you know ________ the first camera was invented? —Yes, it was invented in the 19th century. A．when B．where C．how D．why 19．—Tim, do you know ________ the school talent show starts? —At 3 p.m. this Friday. A．when B．how C．why D．where 20．—Could you please tell me ________ the nearest bank is? —Sure, it’s on the second floor of the shopping mall. A．what B．how C．where D．when 二、完成句子 21．这份工作如此困难以至于很少人愿意去尝试。 It is work that few people would like to have a try. 22．Mario was such a shy boy that he was afraid to speak in front of his class.(改为同义句) Mario was shy speak in front of his class. 23．The problem was too hard for the students to work out. (改为同义句) The problem was hard that the students work it out. 24．乡村风光太美了，所以他决定再多待一星期。 The rural scenery was he decided to stay one more week. 25．康康今天不必做这项工作。他可以明天再交上来。 Kangkang the work today. He can hand it in tomorrow. 26．你不必熬夜完成这份作业，记得明天交就行。 You doing this homework, you can in tomorrow. 27．那么，唱你想唱的，在你想唱的地方。 So, you want wherever you want. 28．“Does Mike speak English well?” Mr. Brown asked us.（改为宾语从句） Mr. Brown asked us Mike English well. 29．我认为真正的问题存在于我们如何使用网络。 I think the real problem lies in use the internet. 30．史密斯老师问学生们他们的梦想是什么。 Miss Smith asked the students . 题型一 语法填空 根据短文内容或汉语提示写出单词或用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 Volunteering is a meaningful activity. Last weekend, my classmates and I decided 1 (volunteer) at an old people’s home. We 2 (meet) at the school gate at 8:30 a.m. and went there by bus. When we 3 (arrive), the old people were waiting for us at the gate. We greeted them warmly. Some of 4 (we) cleaned their rooms, some washed the clothes, and others sang songs for them. An old grandpa told us many 5 (interest) stories about his life. We listened carefully and asked him some questions. At noon, we had lunch 6 the old people. The food was simple but delicious. After lunch, we played games with them. They looked very 7 (happily). Before we left, we took some 8 (photo) together. This volunteer activity made me 9 (understand) the importance of caring for the elderly. I decided to do 10 (many) volunteer work in the future. 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Last Saturday, our class organized an environmental (自然环境的) protection activity in the community. It was one of the most meaningful 1 (thing) we did this term. Many students joined in, and nobody expected how much fun it would be! We 2 (collect) rubbish in the park in the morning. Our teacher told us that if we worked together, we could make the park cleaner. Every student brought both gloves 3 bags—everyone tried their best. The task was much 4 (easy) than we thought because of teamwork. In the afternoon, we gave speeches to tell people 5 protecting animals. We wanted 6 (encourage) more people to care for nature. A little girl shared her story of saving a hurt bird, and her kindness 7 (total) touched our hearts. Of all the stories, I think hers was 8 (emotional) one. How meaningful the activity was! Everyone felt proud (自豪的) of what we had done. Small actions can have 9 great influence on our planet! We will hold a tree planting activity next month. I usually water the flowers at home 10 (one) a week, but now I decide to do it more often to practise my “green hands” for the coming activity. 题型二 阅读理解 15-year-old Shang Zhipeng has health problems and goes to a special school in Xiangyang, Hubei Province. Every morning at 7 am, Shang and his mum wait for Bus 73 at its starting station. With the help of the bus driver Mei Meng, the boy gets on the bus. He sits near Mei so that he can keep an eye on him. When the bus arrives at a stop near Shang’s school, Mei helps him get off and meet up with his teachers. It all started in 2022. Back then, Mei heard about Shang’s story. To get the boy to and from school during the day, Shang’s mum had to work at night. They had to walk 2 kilometers after the bus ride. Mei and other drivers decided to help. Shang’s mum is grateful (充满感激). Now she has a daytime job near home. “Life has become much easier,” she says. This year, the bus company added 4 kilometers to their route (路线) and made a new stop just for Shang. “As long as we can let the child get to school safely, it’s worthwhile (值得的),” says the bus company. This is Xiangyang’s first “kindness bus stop”. It shows a city’s care for people in need. 1．What does the underlined words “keep an eye on” mean in paragraph 1? A．Look after B．Look for C．Make up with D．Listen to 2．When did the bus drivers start helping the boy? A．Two years ago. B．Three years ago. C．Four years ago. D．Five years ago. 3．What did the company do for the boy this year? A．It sent the boy to school for free. B．It gave money to the boy’s family. C．It helped the boy’s mother find a job. D．It made the bus route longer for him. 4．What can be the best title (题目) for this text ? A．A great bus company. B．The bus stop built for one. C．The story of a smart boy. D．A boy’s hard journey to school. A group of students from No.5 Middle School in Henan went on a volunteer trip to a village school last month. The village school is in a remote area. Many students there live with their grandparents because their parents work in big cities. When the volunteers arrived, they were warmly welcomed by the village students. The volunteers brought many books, pens and schoolbags for them. In the morning, they helped the village students with their lessons. Some taught English, some helped with math, and others shared interesting stories. In the afternoon, they played games together. The volunteers taught the village students to play football and sing English songs. The village students showed the volunteers around their village and introduced local customs. During the trip, the volunteers learned a lot. They realized how lucky they were to have good study conditions. They also understood the importance of helping others. One volunteer said, “This trip is very meaningful. I will never forget it. I want to come back again next year.” The village students were very happy too. They said, “We are grateful for the volunteers’ help. We learned a lot from them and felt warm. We hope they can visit us again.” This volunteer trip not only helped the village students but also made the volunteers grow. It taught them to cherish what they have and to care about others. Such activities are meaningful and should be encouraged. 1．Why do many village students live with their grandparents? A．Because their parents work in big cities. B．Because their grandparents are rich. C．Because their parents are ill. D．Because their grandparents need care. 2．What did the volunteers bring for the village students? A．Food and clothes. B．Books, pens and schoolbags. C．Toys and flowers. D．Computers and phones. 3．What did the volunteers NOT do in the morning? A．Teach English. B．Help with math. C．Play football. D．Share interesting stories. 4．What did the village students show the volunteers? A．Their homework. B．Their favorite books. C．Their village and local customs. D．Their family photos. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A volunteer trip to a village school. B．The life of village students. C．How to help village students. D．The importance of education. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $