内容正文:
人教版八年级下册Unit 8 Making a Difference预习学案
一、核心短语积累
A部分(基础核心短语,适配单元对话/阅读基础场景)
(1) 为……做贡献(侧重公益/价值输出)
(2) 缓解某人的压力/痛苦
(3) 致力于志愿服务
(4) 筹集资金用于……
(5) 对……产生积极影响
(6) 目睹某人帮助他人
(7) 控制自己的情绪
(8) 建议某人做某事(2种表达)
(9) 从今以后坚持做某事
(10) 在乎他人的感受
(11) 为社区提供帮助
(12) 捐赠书籍/物资给……
(13) 达到公益项目的标准
(14) 将自己的经历与他人分享
(15) 取得公益实践的成果
(16) 获得社区表彰
(17) 清晰传达自己的想法
(18) 写下志愿计划
(19) 故意为他人制造惊喜
(20) 将物资短缺问题减少一半
(21) 设身处地为弱势群体着想
(22) 全身心投入到帮扶工作中
(23) 充足的时间/物资用于……
B部分(拓展进阶短语,适配写作/演讲场景)
(1) 因帮助他人而感到满足/欣慰
(2) 面带微笑地提供帮助/愁眉苦脸地诉说困境
(3) 因付出而情绪高昂/因挫折而情绪低落
(4) 进入志愿服务团队/进入帮扶现场(2种表达)
(5) 敢于挑战困难并伸出援手
(6) 不让信任自己的人失望
(7) 对自己的公益行动要求苛刻
(8) 和榜样一样无私奉献
(9) 撤回不合理的帮扶建议
(10) 做关于公益的决定(2种表达);决定参与公益活动(2种表达)
(11) 因未做好帮扶工作而自责
(12) 往好的方面想,相信帮扶能带来改变
(13) 以自己的公益行动为骄傲(2种表达)
(14) 也愿意为偏远地区提供帮助(2种进阶表达)
(15) 比之前做得更好一点/好得多(侧重公益能力提升)
(16) 齐心协力推进公益项目
二、重点语法预习(单元核心状语从句+时态,附易错点提示)
(1) although/though/even though引导让步状语从句
(2) 基础例句:虽然他身体不便,但仍坚持参与志愿服务。
(3) 进阶例句:即使没有回报,她也从未放弃帮助他人。
(4) 易错点:从句不能与but连用,可与yet连用。
(5) until引导时间状语从句
(6) 肯定句例句:志愿者们一直工作到所有物资分发完毕。
(7) not...until...例句:我们直到完成帮扶任务才休息。
(8) 易错点:until后接延续性动词,not...until后接瞬间动词。
(9) so that引导目的/结果状语从句
(10) 目的状语例句:我们提前准备物资,以便能及时帮助受灾群众。
(11) 结果状语例句:她投入了大量时间帮扶,以至于收获了大家的认可。
(12) 易错点:目的状语从句常含can/could,结果状语从句常含that后的客观结果。
(13) if引导条件状语从句(主将从现)
(14) 基础例句:如果我们齐心协力,就能为社区带来更多改变。
(15) 拓展例句:如果明天天气允许,我们将去敬老院做志愿。
(16) 现在完成时(with since/for,单元重点时态)
(17) for+时间段例句:他已经做社区志愿者三年了。
(18) since+时间点例句:自从2024年以来,她就一直帮扶困境儿童。
(19) 易错点:瞬间动词(如join)需转化为延续性动词(be in)后与for/since连用。
三、词语变形积累(附构词法+用法提示)
(1) shock v.(使震惊)- adj.________(令人震惊的);________(感到震惊的)
(2) angry adj.(生气的)- n.________(愤怒);adv.________(愤怒地)
(3) advice n.(建议,不可数)- v.________(建议);adj.________(有建议性的)
(4) hurt v.(伤害)- adj.________(受伤的;痛苦的)
joy n.(快乐)- adj.________(快乐的);adv.________(快乐地)
thank v./n.(感谢)- adj.________(感谢的);________(令人感激的)
(5) forgive v.(原谅)- 过去式______- 过去分词________- n.________(原谅)
shut v.(关闭;投入)- 过去式______- 过去分词________(不规则变化)
ring v.(打电话;响起)- 过去式______- 过去分词________
(6) clear adj.(清晰的)- adv.________(清晰地);v.________(清除)
last adj.(最后的)- adv.________(最后;终于);v.________(持续)
different adj.(不同的)- adv.________(不同地);n.________(差异)
(7) press v.(按压;强调)- n.________(压力);________(出版社)
(8) contribute v.(贡献)- n.________(贡献);搭配make a ________ to(为……做贡献)
(9) relieve v.(缓解)- n.________(缓解;宽慰);搭配a sense of ________(释然感)
四、预习小练习(适配以上知识点,检验预习效果)
根据句意及汉语提示完成短语(每空1分,共5分)
(1) We should ________ ________ ________(为……做贡献)protecting the environment.(提示:contribution相关)
(2) She has been a volunteer ________(自从)2024 and always ________ ________(全身心投入)her work.
(3) They worked hard ________ ________(以便)they could help more people in need.
用所给词的适当形式填空(每空1分,共5分)
(1) The ________(shock)news made everyone feel sad. We were all ________(shock)by it.
(2) He ________(forgive)his friend yesterday and their relationship became better.
(3) Her ________(contribute)to the community was highly praised by everyone.
(4) We have ________(know)each other since we joined the volunteer team.
句型转换(每空1分,共5分)
(1) He didn't stop working until all the work was finished.(改为同义句)He kept working ________ all the work was finished.
(2) She works hard to help the poor.(用so that改写)She works hard ________ ________ she can help the poor.
(3) We will organize a volunteer activity if it doesn't rain tomorrow.(改为同义句)We will organize a volunteer activity ________ ________ ________ rain tomorrow.
五、参考答案与解析
(一)核心短语答案
A部分
(1) make a contribution to
(2) relieve one's pressure/pain
(3) devote oneself to volunteer work
(4) raise money for...
(5) have a positive influence on...
(6) witness sb. helping others
(7) control one's emotions
(8) advise sb. to do sth.;suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth.
(9) keep doing sth. from now on
(10) care about others' feelings
(11) provide help for the community
(12) donate books/materials to...
(13) meet the standards of the public welfare project
(14) share one's experience with others
(15) achieve results in public welfare practice
(16) receive community recognition
(17) express one's ideas clearly
(18) write down the volunteer plan
(19) intentionally create surprises for others
(20) reduce the shortage of materials by half
(21) put oneself in the shoes of vulnerable groups
(22) devote oneself to helping work
(23) have enough time/materials for...
B部分
(1) feel fulfilled/grateful for helping others
(2) offer help with a smile/look sad when talking about difficulties
(3) be in high spirits because of giving/be in low spirits because of setbacks
(4) join the volunteer team;enter the helping scene
(5) dare to face difficulties and lend a hand
(6) not let down the people who trust you
(7) be hard on oneself for public welfare actions
(8) be as selfless as role models
(9) withdraw the unreasonable helping suggestions
(10) make a decision on public welfare;decide on public welfare(做决定);decide to take part in public welfare activities;make a decision to take part in public welfare activities(决定做)
(11) blame oneself for not doing well in helping work
(12) look on the bright side and believe help can bring changes
(13) be proud of one's public welfare actions;take pride in one's public welfare actions
(14) also be willing to help remote areas;as well as be willing to help remote areas
(15) do a little better than before;do much better than before
(16) work together to promote public welfare projects
(二)词语变形答案与解析
(1) shocking(修饰事物,令人震惊的);shocked(修饰人,感到震惊的)。构词法:-ing形容词表“令人……”,-ed形容词表“人感到……”。
(2) anger(名词,愤怒);angrily(副词,修饰动词)。构词法:形容词变名词去y变i加-er,变副词加-ly。
(3) advise(动词,建议,常用搭配advise sb. to do sth.);advisory(形容词,有建议性的)。提示:advice为不可数名词,不能加s。
(4) hurt(形容词,受伤的,如get hurt);joyful(快乐的);joyfully(快乐地);thankful(感谢的,修饰人);thankful(令人感激的,修饰事物)。
(5) forgave;forgiven;forgiveness(名词,原谅);shut;shut(不规则变化,过去式/过去分词与原形一致);rang;rung。提示:shut的常见搭配shut oneself in(把自己关起来)。
(6) clearly(副词,清晰地);clear(动词,清除,如clear up);lastly(最后,表顺序);last(动词,持续,如last for a week);differently(副词);difference(名词,常用搭配make a difference)。
(7) pressure(压力,不可数名词);press(出版社,可数名词)。
(8) contribution;contribution。提示:make a contribution to中to为介词,后接动名词。
(9) relief;relief。搭配:sigh in relief(如释重负地叹气)。
(三)预习小练习答案与解析
根据句意及汉语提示完成短语
(1) make a contribution to。解析:固定搭配,to为介词,后接动名词protecting。
(2) since;devotes herself to。解析:since后接时间点2024,主句用现在完成时;devote oneself to 表示“全身心投入”,主语为she,谓语动词用第三人称单数。
(3) so that。解析:引导目的状语从句,表“以便”,从句含情态动词could。
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1) shocking;shocked。解析:第一空修饰news(事物)用shocking;第二空修饰we(人)用shocked。
(2) forgave。解析:yesterday提示用一般过去时,forgive的过去式为forgave。
(3) contribution。解析:形容词性物主代词her后接名词,contribute的名词形式为contribution。
(4) known。解析:since引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,know的过去分词为known。
句型转换
(1) until。解析:not...until...的同义转换,肯定句中keep working until与didn't stop working until表达一致含义。
(2) so that。解析:不定式to help表目的,可替换为so that引导的目的状语从句。
(3) unless it rains。解析:if not(如果不)可替换为unless(除非),遵循主将从现原则,从句用一般现在时。
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